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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rats become acutely tolerant to cathine after amphetamine or cathinone administration (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 101 (1990), S. 126-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Cathinone ; Amphetamine ; Cathine ; Drug discrimination ; Dopamine ; CGS 10746B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The drug discrimination paradigm was used to evaluate in rats the ability of the discriminate response to either 0.8 mg/kgd-amphetamine or 0.8 mg/kgl-cathinone to generalize to 2.4–6.0 mg/kg of the active cathinone metabolited-norpseudoephedrine, also known as cathine. When tested 24 h after vehicle administration, cathine generalized in a dose-related fashion in rats (n=6) trained with cathinone (ED50=3.03 mg/kg) and in rats (n=8) trained with amphetamine (ED50=2.93 mg/kg). In contrast, when cathine was tested 24 h after the administration of either amphetamine or cathinone, it produced significantly decreased discriminative performance. The possibility that this acute tolerance may have been produced by release, and subsequent depletion, of brain dopamine was tested by pretreating rats with the dopamine release inhibitor CGS 10746B. When CGS 10746B was administered prior to cathinone it significantly decreased cathinone discrimination. In addition, acute tolerance to cathine at 24 h after vehicle-cathinone co-administration was reversed when cathine was tested 24 h after CGS 10746B-cathinone co-administration. The results suggest that cathinone-produced discriminative stimulus, as well as the acute tolerance to cathine, may be dopaminergically mediated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253729
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopaminergic mediation of the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 42 (1975), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Dopamine ; Haloperidol ; State-Dependent Behavior ; Apomorphine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After rats were trained to differentiate between the effects of d-amphetamine and saline in a state-dependent task, pretreatment with the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, α-methyl-p-tyrosine, significantly decreased amphetamine discrimination. Pretreatment with the dopamine-Β-hydroxylase inhibitor, disulfiram, or with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, p-chloro-phenylalanine, was observed to have no effect on the rats' ability to discriminate d-amphetamine. Administration of haloperidol, a selective dopamine receptor blocker, completely abolished the amphetamine discrimination, whereas α- and Β-adrenergic receptor blockade had no effect. Apomorphine, a dopamine receptor stimulant, produced amphetamine-like responses and this was, likewise, abolished by pretreatment with haloperidol. These data suggest that dopaminergic systems mediate the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats, and these results are discussed in relation to possible dopamine mediation of amphetamine psychosis and paranoid schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429551
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of apomorphine and nigrostriatal lesions on aggression and striatal dopamine turnover during morphine withdrawal: Evidence for dopaminergic supersensitivity in protracted abstinence (1974)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 34 (1974), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Aggression ; Morphine Addiction ; Apomorphine ; Dopamine Receptors ; Receptor Supersensitivity ; Narcotic Abstinence ; Nigrostriatal Lesion ; Medial Forebrain Bundle Lesion ; Protracted Abstinence ; Dopamine Turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Reliable aggression was seen in rats which were grouped 30 days after undergoing continuous withdrawal from morphine. This withdrawal aggression, associated with long-lasting effects of morphine dependence, was blocked by morphine or lesions of the nigrostriatal bundle, but not by lesions of the median forebrain bundle. When the nigrostriatal lesioned rats were treated with a small dose of apomorphine, the aggression was reinstated. Apomorphine reduced the turnover of dopamine in the 30-day withdrawn rats at doses which were ineffective in similarly housed non-dependent rats. These results suggest that animals undergoing protracted morphine abstinence show aggression due to a latent dopaminergic supersensitivity, similar to that previously reported during acute narcotic withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421218
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of acute deprivation of smoking on aggression and hostility (1974)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 35 (1974), S. 19-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Smoking ; Deprivation ; Aggression ; Reaction Time ; Hostility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Smokers and non-smokers were tested on the Buss aggression-machine to determine their aggression scores and visual reaction times during two sessions. The mean aggression scores of the non-smokers did not differ significantly between sessions whereas there was a significant increase in aggression scores for the chronic smokers in their non-smoking (deprivation) session compared with their smoking session, This increase in aggression in deprived smokers is discussed as a factor in the continuance of the smoking habit and is positively correlated to rated hostility scores on the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421562
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on morphine-withdrawal syndrome (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 49 (1976), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Pilocarpine ; Atropine ; Dexetimide ; Methylscopolamine ; Morphine addiction ; Narcotic withdrawal ; Aggression ; Wet shakes ; Diarrhea ; Dopamine ; Acetylcholine interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of pilocarpine, atropine and dexetimide were studied on the occurrence and intensity of morphine-withdrawal signs observed after cessation of chronic morphine injections. Pilocarpine was effective in reducing both ‘wet-dog’ like body shakes and aggression but it increased diarrhea and weight loss. Pretreatment with atropine blocked all of the effects of pilocarpine on withdrawal signs. Methylscopolamine pretreatment blocked only diarrhea. The administration of atropine or dexetimide produced no significant effect on any of the withdrawal signs. These results indicate a role for central cholinergic mechanism in narcotic withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427289
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paradoxical absence of aggression during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 43 (1975), S. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Aggression ; Morphine ; Naloxone ; Apomorphine ; Amphetamine ; Narcotic Withdrawal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aggression, which is normally seen during withdrawal from narcotics, could not be produced in morphine-dependent rats by the administration of naloxone at doses which cause other signs of withdrawal. Apomorphine injected instead of naloxone was capable of producing aggression, without other withdrawal signs. Naturally occurring aggression (72-hr withdrawal) was enhanced by apomorphine and unaffected by naloxone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437613
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the reaction of IO with CH3SCH3 (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 19 (1987), S. 503-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction IO + CH3SCH3 → products (3) was studied at room temperature and near 1 Torr pressure of He, using the discharge flow mass spectrometric technique. The rate constant was found to be k3 = (1.5 ± 0.5) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. CH3S(O)CH3 was detected as a product suggesting the following channel: IO + CH3SCH3 → CH3S(O)CH3 + I. The rate constant of the reaction IO + IO → products (1) was also measured: k1 = (3 ± 0.5) × 10-11 at 298 K and 1 Torr pressure. The atmospheric implication of reaction (3) is discussed. The results indicate that this reaction could be a potential important sink of CH3SCH3 in marine atmosphere.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550190603
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study for the reactions of OH radicals with dimethylsulfide, diethylsulfide, tetrahydrothiophene, and thiophene (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 17 (1985), S. 1247-1261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of OH radicals with dimethylsulfide (DMS) diethylsulfide (DES), tetrahydrothiophene (THT), and thiophene have been studied at room temperature for DES and THT, at 273, 293, and 318 K for DMS, and at 293 and 318 K for thiophene by the discharge flow EPR technique in a halocarbon wax coated reactor. The following rate constants were obtained at room temperature. For the reaction OH + DMS (1), a very low temperature dependence was noticed.Some additional results concerning the mass spectrometric analysis of the products are also reported.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550171202
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism for the reactions of H atoms with CH3SH and C2H5SH (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 20 (1988), S. 897-907 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A kinetic study of the reactions of H atoms with CH3SH and C2H5SH has been carried out at 298 K by the discharge flow technique with EPR and mass spectrometric analysis of the species. The pressure was 1 torr. It was found: k1 = (2.20 ± 0.20) × 10-12 for the reaction H + CH3SH (1) and k2 = (2.40 ± 0.16) × 10-12 for the reaction H + C2H5SH (2). Units are cm3 molecule-1 s-1. A mass spectrometric analysis of the reaction products and a computer simulation of the reacting systems have shown that reaction (1) proceeds through two mechanisms leading to the formation of CH3S + H2 (1a) and CH3 + H2S (1b).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550201108
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