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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small intestinal morphology in experimental diabetic rats: a stereological study on the effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) given with or without conventional insulin therapy (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 649-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; insulin injection ; aldose reductase inhibitor ; small intestine ; villi ; crypts ; muscularis externa ; stereology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The gross and microscopical dimensions of small intestines from 12-week old streptozotocin-diabetic rats receiving no therapeutic intervention were compared with those from animals receiving insulin alone or in conjunction with the aldose reductase inhibitor, ponalrestat. Four regions along each intestine were analysed stereologically. Insulin had significant beneficial effects on body weight as well as on intestinal length, width, surface area and volume. In contrast, ponalrestat did not improve body weight deficits and was associated with crypt hypertrophy and a reduced villous surface/crypt volume ratio. There were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat for intestinal length and primary mucosal surface area. All groups displayed significant regional differences in surface area of primary mucosa and volume of muscularis externa. Only untreated diabetic rats failed to reveal regional variation in the surface area and volume of villi. Ratios of villous surface area/crypt volume varied from region-to-region in insulin-treated diabetic rats but not in other groups. The study fails to reveal any beneficial effect of aldose reductase inhibition on the changes in intestinal morphology seen in experimental diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274251
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoneurial localisation of microvascular damage in human diabetic neuropathy (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 454-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; microangiopathy ; peripheral neuropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty diabetic patients with neuropathy underwent clinical and neurophysiological evaluation together with a detailed morphometric assessment of capillary pathology in endoneurial and epineurial microvascular beds of the sural nerve. Morphological data were compared with ten non-diabetic control subjects. There were no significant differences in control subjects between basement membrane area, endothelial cell area, endothelial cell profile number or luminal area of endoneurial when compared with epineurial capillaries. In contrast, when compared with epineurial capillaries, endoneurial capillaries from diabetic patients demonstrated a significant increase in basement membrane (p〈0.001) and endothelial cell (p〈0.001) area and a significant reduction in luminal area (p〈0.001). There was no significant difference in endothelial cell profile number between endoneurial and epineurial capillaries amongst diabetic patients. Previous studies have demonstrated a good correlation between the degree of microangiopathy and measures of neuropathic severity. In the present study increased endoneurial capillary basement membrane area was significantly related to reduced peroneal nerve conduction velocity (p〈0.001), myelinated fibre density (p〈0.001) and elevated vibration (p〈0.05) and thermal (p〈0.001) perception. Increased endothelial cell area and reduced luminal size were related to a reduced peroneal nerve conduction (p〈0.05, p〈0.01, respectively), reduced myelinated fibre density (p〈0.05, p〈0.01) and elevated thermal perception (p〈0.05, p〈0.001). Epineurial capillary basement membrane, endothelial cell and luminal area failed to relate to measures of neuropathic severity. This study has demonstrated more advanced microangiopathy and a more significant relationship to neuropathic severity in endoneurial compared with epineurial capillaries, thus providing further support for the role of microangiopathy in the pathogenesis of human diabetic neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402283
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of aromatic compounds on hemicellulose-degrading enzymes in Aspergillus japonicus (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 1095-1101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aspergillus japonicus was grown in the presence of various aromatic compounds at 0.1 and 1 mg/mL, and extracellular xylanase and arabanase activities were measured. Some of the aromatic compounds tested, especially at the higher concentration, suppressed the appearance of hemicellulase activities, expressed as xylanase or arabanase. Vanillin at 1 mg/mL in the presence of either xylan or araban completely suppressed growth, and guaiacol and p-coumaric acid markedly inhibited the growth of A. japonicus. The effects of the aromatic compounds on the activity of crude enzyme preparations were also ascertained. In vitro arabanase activity was affected more than xylanase activity.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260270802
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat and microbial treatments for nutritional upgrading of wheat straw (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 381-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ligninolytic activities of four cellulolytic organisms were compared using straw. Only Aspergillus japonicus and Polyporous versicolor appreciably degraded lignin with A. japonicus yielding the most protein. In solid culture, most protein was produced by P. versicolor, closely followed by A. japonicus. Pretreatment of the straw by hot water facilitated biodegradation and protein production. The nutritional value of the residual straw was also increased by some fungal cultures. The greatest amount of degradable polysaccharide in the straw was made available by A. japonicus in liquid media and Pleurotus ostreatus in solid media.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260280311
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nondestructive quantitative determination of starch content in polyethylene by solid state NMR and FTIR (1993)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 26-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and carbon-13 solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) were used quantitatively (and non-destructively) to determine the starch content in a series of starch filled polyethylene samples (nominal addition levels range from 3 to 6 wt%). Data acquisition times (including sample preparation and instrument analysis) were typically a few minutes for both techniques. Current methodologies for starch analysis in polyethylene are based upon wet chemical techniques (gravimetric or enzyme analysis). The proposed methods offer several advantages over these traditional methods: they are less labor intensive, do not require chemical reagents, are relatively insensitive to changes in the sample matrix, and are fast.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760330104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation of nitrate esters. II. Degradation of nitrocellulose by a fungus isolated from a double-base propellant (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 55 (1995), S. 1847-1854 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An organism found to be growing on moist double-base propellant, containing nitrocellulose (NC) and nitroglycerine aerobically degraded NC in submerged cultivation. This organism, which was subsequently identified as Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx, was able to degrade the NC (13.17%N) when it was present as the sole nitrogen source, in conjunction with either starch or xylan as a carbon source. It was found that 20% of the NC was utilized in a 3-day period. Also, NC degradation was studied utilizing Fusarium solani IFO 31093, a denitrifying fungus, in combination with P. corylophilum; however, no increased utilization was observed. Evidence for the degradation includes a decrease in the NC weight, an increase in the biomass weight, the presence of celluloytic and denitrifying enzymes, and other appropriate growth parameters. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070551315
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of the thermal discharge behaviour of cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate films (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 34 (1994), S. 379-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: cellulose diacetate ; cellulose triacetate ; polymer electret ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal discharge behaviour of cellulose diacetate (CA2) (39% acetyl content) and cellulose triacetate (CA3) (44% acetyl content) films was studied at different polarizing temperatures and fields. Cellulose diacetate exhibited two peaks, one at low temperatures and the other at high temperatures, whereas cellulose triacetate exhibited only one peak. The origin of these peaks in CA2 is attributed to dipolar orientation and space charge polarization respectively, while the only peak in CA3 is due to space charge polarization. The difference in thermal discharge behaviour of CA2 and CA3 is attributed to the difference in acetyl contents of the two acetates.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1994.210340405
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening of mycelial fungi for nitrocellulose degradation (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 2287-2291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Several mycelial fungi were screened in liquid medium for their ability to degrade nitrocellulose. Nitrocellulose was tested as the sole source of nitrogen while starch was provided as an additional carbon source. More than 20% nitrocellulose degradation was accomplished with Acremonium persicinum ATCC 60921, Bjerkandera adusta ESF 620, Fusarium solani, IFO 31093, and Sclerotium rolfsii ATCC 24459 in a 3-day growth period utilizing submerged cultivation. Cyathus stercoreus NRRL 6473 degraded only 8% of the nitrocellulose, while Irpex lacteus Z 212 degraded 24% of the nitrocellulose in a 7-day growth period. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070581216
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical modification of nylon 6 by organoacetoxy- and ethoxysilanes (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 1541-1551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Chemical crosslinks were introduced in nylon 6 filament by means of organoacetoxy- and ethoxysilanes in benzene under anhydrous conditions. A comparison of the relative reactivities of these silanes toward nylon was made on the basis of the weight add-on calculated from silicon analysis. Application of acetoxysilanes on preswollen nylon caused an increase in the breaking stress and extensibility. However, a decrease in the initial modulus, birefringence, and moisture regain was observed. An improvement in the thermal stability has also been observed in the crosslinked samples.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070230523
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyroelectric currents in undoped and Fe-doped polystyrene films (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 42 (1991), S. 599-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das pyroelektrische Verhalten von undotierten und mit Fe3+ dotierten Polystyrenfilmen wurde bei unterschiedlichen Polarisierungsfeldstärken, Polarisierungstemperaturen und Dotierungskonzentrationen untersucht. Die pyroelektrischen Ströme waren durchweg positiv. Mit steigender Konzentration, Feldstärke und Temperatur der Polarisierung nahmen sie signifikant zu. Der Ursprung der beobachteten Pyroelektrizität wurde der Raumladungspolarisation zugeschrieben.
    Notes: The pyroelectric behaviour of undoped and Fe3+ doped polystyrene films was studied at different polarizing fields, polarizing temperatures, and doping concentrations. The pyroelectric currents were positive throughout and showed a significant increase with increasing dopant concentration, polarizing field and temperature. The origin of pyroelectricity has been attributed to space charge polarization.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1991.010421115
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