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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Apple ; Scab resistance ; Introgression ; Vf gene ; DNA markers ; Linkage
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  A chromosomal region originating from Malus floribunda 821 confers Vf scab resistance to many isolates of Venturia inaequalis. Twelve DNA markers located in this region were used to scan the equivalent of 31 cM in 98 Malus accessions. This allowed a molecular diagnosis of a source of resistance in apple germplasm with the aid of pedigree information, and in the context of a limited marker survey representing other chromosomes. At least five marker alleles were present in all scab-resistant breeding selections or varieties arising from M. floribunda. The validity of findings based on RAPD markers was confirmed with SCAR assays and Southern-hybridisation experiments. The order of markers determined in previous mapping studies was confirmed and sets of recombinants identified that establish reliable fine-mapping orders within 0.7 cM of the resistance locus. None of the marker alleles were present in the accessions that are either susceptible or possess weak polygenic resistance to scab. The presence of some alleles corresponding to those present at least 5.3 cM from Vf in M. floribunda was detected in some accessions. Other major sources of scab resistance do not appear to possess alleles in common with the Vf region, which will simplify future allelism tests. The results are discussed in the context of the introgression of resistance loci together with marker-assisted selection. The use of breeding pedigrees to assist in fine-scale mapping and map-based cloning is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 708-712 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Milrinone ; Ouabain ; Positive inotropic effect ; Myocardium
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The interactions of milrinone, ouabain and calcium on force of contraction in isolated, contracting human papillary muscle strips were measured. Milrinone (EC50, 8 × 10−5 M) increased force of contraction maximally by 2.8±0.8 mN at 5 × 10−4M; significantly less than either ouabain (1 × 10−7M; 4.8±0.5 mN increase) or calcium (15 mM; 6.2±0.6 mN increase). A submaximal, but not a maximal, inotropic effect of ouabain could be increased by the addition of milrinone; in contrast, both ouabain and calcium increased the maximal inotropic effect of milrinone by 1.7±0.2 mN and 2.7±0.3 mN, respectively. The combined inotropic effect of milrinone with either ouabain of 4.2±0.3 mN or calcium of 5.6±0.4 mN was not different from that with calcium or ouabain alone. We conclude that further positive inotropic effects should be expected when digitalis is given to patients with congestive heart failure who are already optimally treated with milrinone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Malus ; Apple ; Venturia ; Scab resistance ; Linkage mapping ; Cluster analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Apple scab, caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint., is an important disease in commercial apple production. A mapping population of 155 individuals, derived from a cross between the apple varieties ‘Prima’ (resistant)בFiesta’ (susceptible), was scored for response to the disease in replicated field and glasshouse trials throughout Europe. Twenty data sets were selected and cluster analysis was used to form a consensus score for the population fitting a 1 : 1 segregation ratio of resistance:susceptibility. The progeny were scored with molecular markers. A detailed map covering 54 cM of the ‘Prima’ linkage group containing the Vf gene for scab resistance was constructed using 24 molecular markers linked to the resistance gene. One isoenzyme marker (Pgm-1), six RFLP markers and 17 RAPD markers formed a linkage group with the consensus measure of resistance to scab. Four marker bridges were established with the corresponding ‘Fiesta’ linkage group with additional markers (one isozyme, one RFLP, three RAPD and one AFLP). A low chi-square value indicated a good fit of the marker ordering, which was in close agreement with previously reported linkage positions for some of the markers and Vf. Differences were observed in the ability of different scoring methods to resolve susceptible and resistant classes. The results obtained for the consensus classification of resistance to scab for the population may suggest the presence of virulent inocula at some sites, which could overcome the Vf gene for resistance. The consequences of relying on individual scoring occasions for studying Vf scab resistance are discussed in the context of linkage analysis, conventional breeding selection, and marker-assisted selection.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 1117-1123 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Dopamine ; Levodopa ; Positive inotropic effect ; Human heart
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The direct positive inotropic effects of dopamine and its precursor, levodopa, were measured using isolated, contracting human papillary muscle strips taken from patients during mitral valve replacement. Levodopa did not produce any positive inotropic effect at concentrations up to 3×10−3 M. The positive inotropic effects of dopamine were observed at concentrations above 1×10−5 M with the maximal effect at 3×10−3 M — concentrations higher than those observed in therapy. This inotropic effect was reduced by the β1 antagonist, 1-practolol (1×10−6 M); the β2 antagonist, ICI 118,551 HCl (1×10−6 M); the dopamine antagonist, haloperidol (3×10−6 M); the neuronal uptake inhibitor, cocaine (3×10−5 M), but not by the α1, prazosin (1×10−7 M). This indicates that dopamine exerts its positive inotropic effects on human heart muscle mainly through release of noradrenaline, together with possible interactions at β-and dopamine-receptors. The maximal inotropic effect of dopamine was about 50% that of calcium (15 mM, 6.2±0.7 mN) or ouabain (1×10−7 M, 5.0±0.8 mN) when measured in the same muscle strips, possibly due to the reduced cardiac noradrenaline content together with the reduced β-receptor number in congestive heart failure. This concentration of ouabain (1×10−7 M) gave almost maximal inotropy without marked toxicity; when dopamine was then added, only toxicity developed without any further increases in force of contraction. Any haemodynamic benefits of dopamine therapy in optimally digitalis-treated patients are probably due to other cardiovascular effects such as vasodilatation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 14 (1968), S. 696-702 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The fundamental problem in this work was to determine if methods of predicting mass transport rates in porous catalysts, developed from theory in the absence of chemical reaction, are valid in the presence of reaction. By using the ortho-para shift of hydrogen over a ferric oxide gel catalyst as the reacting system, the effective diffusivity within the catalyst was determined from kinetic data on five different particle sizes of the catalyst. This effective diffusivity was then compared with that predicted by three different procedures recently published. These procedures predicted diffusivities approximately 40% below the experimentally obtained diffusivity. Although the differences between the experimental and predicted effective diffusivities can be regarded as within the limitations of the accuracy of the predictions, the observed differences may also be caused by some form of surface transport.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 29 (1983), S. 696-698 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 491-494 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 17 (1983), S. 199-201 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 21 (1987), S. 339-353 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The kinetics of drug release from polymerdrug matrices containing an embedded magnet was continuously monitored in vitro and in vivo. The application of an oscillating magnetic field increased the rate of drug release from the polymer matrices. Within the limits of detection the increase in release occurred immediately, remained stable for as long as the field was applied, and returned exactly to baseline upon withdrawal of the field. The increase in release was directly proportional to field amplitude. The same pattern of results were observed in vivo as in vitro, though higher strength fields were required in vivo to achieve the same effect observed in vitro.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): μ-Oxodi(acidophthalocyaninatoferrates(III)) ; spectroscopic, magnetic and Mößbauer properties, ferromagnetic coupling ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Dimeric Low-Spin Iron(III) Phthalocyanines: Synthesis and Properties of Ferromagnetically Coupled μ-Oxodi(acidophthalocyaninatoferrates(III))μ-Oxodi(phthalocyaninatoiron(III)) ([(FePc2-)2O]) dissolved in pyridine reacts with different Tetra(n-butyl)ammonium salts yielding partly solvated Di(tetra(n-butyl)ammonium)-μ-oxodi(acidophthalocyaninatoferrates(III)) ((nBu4N)2[(Fe(X)Pc2-)2O]; X- = CN-, Im-, NCO-, NCS-, NO2-). The uv-vis. spectra show the typical B, Q, N and L regions of the Pc2- ligand scarcely influenced by the axial ligands X. In comparison with [(FePc2-)2O] mainly the B region is hypsochromically shifted due to strong excitonic coupling (〉 3 kK). Two regions of weak absorbance at ca. 7.6-8.7 and 11.4-13.0 kK are assigned to trip-doublet transitions. The m.i.r. and resonance Raman spectra are dominated by the fundamental vibrations of the Pc2- ligand being characteristic for hexa-coordinated low-spin FeIII phthalocyanines. Internal vibrations of the ambident axial ligands X are in accordance with the proposed Fe—X bond. The i.r. active asym. (Fe—O—Fe) stretching vibration is observed in the region 631-690 cm-1. Fe—X stretching vibrations are only present in the f.i.r. spectra. The magnetic properties and Mößbauer spectra are interpreted in terms of an electronic model which assumes that a S′ = 1 ground state arises from strong ferromagnetic coupling of the low-spin FeIII centres. Both spin-Hamiltonian and ligand-field models have been employed to fit the variable temperature susceptibility data. These low-spin μ-oxo FeIII dimers are rare compared to the many known examples of coupled high-spin species including the parent, [(FePc2-)2O].
    Notizen: In Pyridin gelöstes μ-Oxodi(phthalocyaninatoeisen(III))([(FePc2-)2O]) reagiert mit verschiedenen Tetra(n-butyl)ammoniumsalzen unter Bildung von teilweise solvathaltigen Di(tetra(n-butyl)ammonium)-μ-oxodi(acidophthalocyaninatoferraten(III)) ((nBu4N)2[(Fe(X)Pc2-)2O]; X- = CN-, Im-, NCO-, NCS-, NO2-). In den UV-Vis-Spektren heben sich die für den Pc2--Liganden typischen B-, Q-, N- und L-Regionen, wenig vom axialen Liganden X beeinflußt, deutlich heraus. Wegen der starken Excitonen-Kopplung (〉 3 kK) ist insbesondere die B-Region gegenüber der von [(FePc2-)2O] hypsochrom verschoben. Schwache Absorptionsbereiche bei ca. 7,6-8,7 und 11,4-13,0 kK werden Trip-Dublett-Übergängen zugeordnet. Die MIR- und Resonanz-Raman-Spektren werden von den Fundamentalschwingungen des Pc2--Liganden dominiert, die für hexakoordinierte low-spin FeIII-Phthalocyanine charakteristisch sind. Ausgewählte interne Schwingungen der ambidenten Axialliganden X stützen die angenommene Art der Fe—X-Bindung. Die ir-aktive, asym. (Fe—O—Fe)-Valenzschwingung tritt ligandabhängig zwischen 631 und 690 cm-1 auf. Fe—X-Valenzschwingungen werden nur im FIR-Spektrum beobachtet. Die magnetischen Eigenschaften und die Mößbauer-Spektren werden anhand eines elektronischen Modells diskutiert, welches auf der Annahme eines (S′ = 1)-Grundzustandes basiert, der aus der starken ferromagnetischen Kopplung der beiden low-spin FeIII-Zentren resultiert. Für die Anpassung der Temperaturabhängigkeit der magnetischen Suszeptibilitäten sind sowohl das Modell des einfachen Spin-Hamilton-Operators als auch Ligandenfeld-Modelle verwendet worden. Diese low-spin μ-Oxo-Eisen(III)-Dimere sind angesichts der vielen bekannten Beispiele gekoppelter high-spin Spezies, [(FePc2-)2O] eingeschlossen, eine Rarität.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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