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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiological studies of diabetes mellitus in Denmark: 4. Clinical characteristics of insulin-treated diabetes (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 231-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; insulin-treated diabetes ; prevalence ; heterogeneity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report the clinical characteristics of all insulin-treated diabetic patients (783 males and 716 females) living on July 11973 in a Danish county. In 18 patients diabetes was believed to be secondary to another disease or condition. Of all patients, 43% of the males and 55% of the females were 〉 age 50 years and 42% and 36% of males and females, respectively, had a disease duration of 〈 10 years. The overall proportion of patients treated permanently with insulin from diagnosis was 85% and 79% in males and females, respectively, but within the subgroup of patients with current age 〈 30 years these proportions were 99% and 96%, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that insulin-treated diabetes is a clinically heterogeneous group of diseases; thus, low age at onset combined with immediate and permanent insulin treatment delineate one subtype, while relatively high age at onset and late start and/or interruption of insulin treatment delineate other subtype(s). It is estimated that the proportion of patients with truly Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes is 〉 50% in this cross-sectional population of insulin-treated patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279934
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiological studies of diabetes mellitus in Denmark: 3. Clinical characteristics and incidence of diabetes among males aged 0 to 19 years (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; early onset diabetes mellitus ; incidence ; secular trend ; seasonally ; geographical distribution ; symptom duration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study presents the clinical-epidemiological analysis of data from 769 individuals, representing 〉 95% of all cases of diabetes mellitus diagnosed during the first 20 years of life among the Danish male birth cohorts 1949–1956 inclusive. It is concluded that except for a very few, all cases of diabetes developing during the first 20 years of life are insulin-dependent with a duration of symptoms 〈 2 months before diagnosis in 〉 75% of the cases. The cases were evenly distributed within Denmark at the time of birth as well as of diagnosis, and 〉 98% were admitted to hospital at diagnosis. A relatively higher proportion of cases diagnosed during autumn and winter periods was found, but was not statistically significant. Incidence was analysed in a regression model with age and calendar time as variables; the variation of age at onset was similar to previous studies with a peak at pre-school age and at puberty. Contrary to previous Danish analyses, we found a significant calendar time variation with steadily increasing age-specific incidences from the beginning of 1950s until an apparent maximum in mid-1970s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279933
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiological studies of diabetes mellitus in Denmark (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 19 (1980), S. 355-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; early onset diabetes mellitus ; conscript registries ; death certificates ; incidence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To provide unbiased material for epidemiological studies of diabetes mellitus a case finding method based on the Danish National Service Conscript Registry and death certificates is presented and discussed. Eight Danish total male birth cohorts, totalling 320162 persons, have been observed as to the occurrence of diabetes mellitus during the first twenty years of life, and it is concluded that the conscript registry represents an ideal basis for case identification, if the individual cases are further elucidated. he material is estimated to be about 95% complete. The main source of error originates from omissions when the registries are scrutinized. The cumulative incidence rates for the birth cohorts range from 1.3 to 3.2 per thousand; in the total material 2.4 per thousand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280520
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacology of the behavioral and hypothermic responses of rats to 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 91 (1987), S. 506-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: 8-OH-DPAT ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) ; 5-HT1 receptor ; Parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) ; Clenbuterol ; Quipazine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The hypothermic and motor behavioural responses to 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) have been investigated in the rat. The dose-effect relationship showed that hypothermia appeared at a lower dose than a definite motor syndrome. The hypothermic response to 8-OH-DPAT was attenuated following depletion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) by repeated intraperitoneal (IP) administration of parachlorophenylalanine (200 mg/kg) or by injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT, 100 μg) into the region of the third ventricle; the motor behavioural response produced simultaneously was not. Indeed, after 5,7-DHT, it was increased. Quipazine (1 mg/kg, IP) antagonised the hypothermic response and facilitated the motor behaviour. Clenbuterol (2.5 mg/kg, IP) increased both hypothermic and motor responses. (±)-propranolol was without effect on the simple hypermotility produced by 8-OH-DPAT, although it is known to antagonise the hypothermic and stereotyped motor responses. It is concluded that 8-OH-DPAT probably produces its hypothermic effects by actions at 5-HT receptors located presynaptically on 5-HT neurones, while the stereotyped components of the serotonin syndrome appear to be mediated by post-synaptic receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216019
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on rat brain catecholamine synthesis and Β-adrenoceptor number following administration of electroconvulsive shock, desipramine and clenbuterol (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 65 (1986), S. 245-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Clenbuterol ; electroconvulsive shock ; desipramine ; catecholamine turnover ; Β-adrenoceptors ; antidepressants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of administration to rats of repeated electroconvulsive shock (ECS), clenbuterol and desipramine (DMI) onΒ-adrenoceptor number in cortex, and noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) turnover in whole brain has been investigated by examining the rate of decline of NA concentration (kNA) following injection ofα-methyl-p-tyrosine. A single injection of clenbuterol (5 mg/kg) raised brain NA content and decreased the rate constant (kNA), leaving the turnover rate unaltered. Acute DMI injection decreased kNA and turnover rate, while a single ECS did not change NA metabolic rate. Repeated treatment with either ECS (5 seizures over 10 days), clenbuterol (5 mg/kg for 14 days) or DMI (5 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days) decreasedΒ-adrenoceptor density in cortex. No change in NA content, rate constant or turnover rate was observed after repeated ECS or clenbuterol administration. Ninety min after the last dose of DMI brain NA content was significantly decreased but kNA was unchanged compared with control animals, possibly because of the presence of subsensitive presynapticα 2-adrenoceptors. At 18 hours after the last dose brain NA content was still lower than control animals but kNA was enhanced. This is presumably a “withdrawal” effect, the uptake inhibitory effect of the drug now being decreased. The treatments had little effect on DA turnover apart from DMI decreasing synthesis rate. Clearly there is no obvious relationship between the ability of antidepressant treatments to alter NA turnover and decreaseΒ-adrenoceptor number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01249086
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cohort study of neural tube defects (NTD) in Denmark covering the first seven years of life (1987)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 3 (1987), S. 117-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Spina bifida ; Neural tube defects ; Epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the County of Fyn, Denmark, which is a well-delimited region comprising a 10% representative sample of the total population, ten complete one year cohorts of newborn were scrutinized for neural tube defects (NTD). Among 66,000 births, 71 cases with NTD were observed. The total prevalence at birth was 1.08/1,000; 0.29 for anencephaly; 0.20 for encephalocele, and 0.59 for spina bifida (SB). This is at the same level as in other Scandinavian countries. Considering only neonates born alive, 57% of the total survived until the age of 7 years, disregarding anencephaly, but only 4 of 18 SB cases and 6 of 11 encephalocele cases had no handicaps at age 7. On the average, SB patients spent 9% of their life before the age of 7 years in hospitals and encephaloceles 2%. The SB cases occupied 25 times more beds per year than the comparable age group in general and many were likely to need continued medical and social care.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271138
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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