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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ability of 3-carboxysalsolinol to produce ethanol-like discrimination in rats (1980)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 68 (1980), S. 277-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Drug discrimination ; Ethanol ; Apomorphine ; Salsolinol
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible generalization to 3-carboxysalsolinol (3C-SAL) in a group of rats trained to discriminate a low dose of ethanol (200 mg/kg IP) from the nondrug condition and in another group trained to discriminate 0.16 mg/kg IP apomorphine (AP) from the nondrug condition using a drug discrimination paradigm. In test sessions, ED50 for ethanol was 52.0 mg/kg and ED50 for AP was 0.01 mg/kg. In the ethanol-trained rats, 1.8 mg/kg 3C-SAL produced drug responses. In the AP-trained rats, 200 mg/kg ethanol produced drug responses whereas 1.8 mg/kg 3C-SAL produced only a partial drug response. The results are in harmony with the hypothesis that salsolinol in the central nervous system of the rat may be responsible for the discriminability of ethanol. The possible involvement of dopaminergic systems is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428115
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Unusual renal distortion and displacement due to the spleen (1982)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 12 (1982), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Schlagwort(e): Abdomen ; Computed tomography ; Pseudomasses ; Kidney ; Displacements ; Distortions ; Spleen ; Lobulation ; Variants
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Occasional normal anatomic variations may produce radiographic appearances that closely simulate disease and visceral enlargement may cause unusual displacements of adjacent organs. Two cases are reported in whom prominent splenic lobulation caused flattening of the upper pole of the left kidney. The appearance simulated that produced by a suprarenal mass. The value of CT in differentiating this normal variation from disease is discussed. A third patient in whom massive splenomegaly caused upward displacement of the left kidney is also reported. The literature concerning visceral relationships in the left upper quadrant and the normal variations that simulate disease is reviewed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00999308
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Congenital epithelial splenic cysts in children (1982)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 12 (1982), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Schlagwort(e): Spleen ; Cysts ; Ultrasound ; Abdomen ; Mass
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The clinical, radiographic and sonographic features of four children with congenital epithelial splenic cysts are described. All four cases presented with a left upper quadrant mass and few symptoms. In one case the spleen descended into the pelvis in the upright position. In three cases the sonographic findings showed the mass to be completely sonolucent. In the fourth case the mass was echogenic and echoes were distributed homogeneously throughout the mass. These internal echoes were due to the presence of fat droplets within the cyst fluid. Internal echoes may also be due to hemorrhage into the cyst. In all four cases a rim of splenic tissue was visible around part of the cyst.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00971799
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Interaction between discrimination of drug states and external stimuli (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 61 (1979), S. 105-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Ethanol ; External stimuli ; Drug-induced stimulus control ; Discrimination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Rats learned a two-choice operant response by discriminating differences between external stimuli, internal (drug-produced) stimuli, or a combination of these two types of stimuli. Separate groups of rats were used for each stimulus condition. A tactile and visual external cue was superior to the ethanol-saline cue in producing stimulus control, but the group receiving both drug and external stimulus cues performed in a manner very similar to the external cue-only group. The two stimulus sources thus did not “add” to promote more rapid or complete discrimination. After acquisition of discrimination, previously coincident drug and external stimulus states were reversed to determine which stimulus source had more behavioral control. This test for stimulus selectivity indicated that the external stimulus had essentially complete control of response choice.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426820
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dopaminergic mediation of the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 42 (1975), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Amphetamine ; Dopamine ; Haloperidol ; State-Dependent Behavior ; Apomorphine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract After rats were trained to differentiate between the effects of d-amphetamine and saline in a state-dependent task, pretreatment with the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, α-methyl-p-tyrosine, significantly decreased amphetamine discrimination. Pretreatment with the dopamine-Β-hydroxylase inhibitor, disulfiram, or with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, p-chloro-phenylalanine, was observed to have no effect on the rats' ability to discriminate d-amphetamine. Administration of haloperidol, a selective dopamine receptor blocker, completely abolished the amphetamine discrimination, whereas α- and Β-adrenergic receptor blockade had no effect. Apomorphine, a dopamine receptor stimulant, produced amphetamine-like responses and this was, likewise, abolished by pretreatment with haloperidol. These data suggest that dopaminergic systems mediate the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats, and these results are discussed in relation to possible dopamine mediation of amphetamine psychosis and paranoid schizophrenia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429551
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of apomorphine and nigrostriatal lesions on aggression and striatal dopamine turnover during morphine withdrawal: Evidence for dopaminergic supersensitivity in protracted abstinence (1974)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 34 (1974), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Aggression ; Morphine Addiction ; Apomorphine ; Dopamine Receptors ; Receptor Supersensitivity ; Narcotic Abstinence ; Nigrostriatal Lesion ; Medial Forebrain Bundle Lesion ; Protracted Abstinence ; Dopamine Turnover
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Reliable aggression was seen in rats which were grouped 30 days after undergoing continuous withdrawal from morphine. This withdrawal aggression, associated with long-lasting effects of morphine dependence, was blocked by morphine or lesions of the nigrostriatal bundle, but not by lesions of the median forebrain bundle. When the nigrostriatal lesioned rats were treated with a small dose of apomorphine, the aggression was reinstated. Apomorphine reduced the turnover of dopamine in the 30-day withdrawn rats at doses which were ineffective in similarly housed non-dependent rats. These results suggest that animals undergoing protracted morphine abstinence show aggression due to a latent dopaminergic supersensitivity, similar to that previously reported during acute narcotic withdrawal.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421218
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differences in response to the aversive properties and activity effects of low dose ethanol in LAS and HAS selectively bred rats (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 107 (1992), S. 564-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Ethanol ; Conditioned place preference ; Locomotor activity ; HAS/LAS ; Rats
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Rats selectively bred for high alcohol sleep times (HAS) and those that are less affected (LAS) by hypnotic doses (3.0–3.6 g/kg) of ethanol were tested for differential responses to the aversive effects of 1.0 g/kg ethanol in a conditioned place preference task. Likewise, the effects of 0.3–1.0 g/kg ethanol on spontaneous locomotor activity over a 30-min period, as well as the loss of righting reflex with a higher ethanol dose (3.0 g/kg), were determined in these animals. The LAS rats reacted more aversively to 1.0 g/kg during conditioned place aversion testing than the HAS animals and also had a shorter mean sleeping time following 3.0 g/kg ethanol. Furthermore, dose-related depression of spontaneous motor activity was seen in the HAS animals and not in the LAS animals over a 30-min period using doses of 0.3, 0.6, or 1.0 g/kg (10% w/v) ethanol. Taken together, the results indicate that the intoxicating sequelae of high ethanol doses, such as ataxia and sedation, may not be correlated with the aversive effects of low ethanol doses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245271
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Paradoxical absence of aggression during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 43 (1975), S. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Aggression ; Morphine ; Naloxone ; Apomorphine ; Amphetamine ; Narcotic Withdrawal
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Aggression, which is normally seen during withdrawal from narcotics, could not be produced in morphine-dependent rats by the administration of naloxone at doses which cause other signs of withdrawal. Apomorphine injected instead of naloxone was capable of producing aggression, without other withdrawal signs. Naturally occurring aggression (72-hr withdrawal) was enhanced by apomorphine and unaffected by naloxone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437613
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A syndrome of multiple gastrointestinal atresias with intraluminal calcification (1979)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 8 (1979), S. 227-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Schlagwort(e): Abdomen ; Calcification, bile ducts ; Biliary gas, gastrointestinal ; Atresias
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract An infant with multiple gastrointestinal atresias from the stomach to the rectum is reported and the literature concerning this syndrome is reviewed. The syndrome has been reported, to date, exclusively in infants born to families with a French-Canadian background. The radiological hallmark of this syndrome is extensive calcification of intraluminal content between the areas of atresia which appears as rounded or oval homogeneous radiopacities on abdominal radiographs. Inheritance is thought to be autosomal recessive and the etiology is uncertain. All previously reported cases have died. The significance of biliary gas, seen in postoperative films, is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00974040
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