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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (5)
  • Fictive locomotion  (2)
  • ACTH  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phasic modulation of short latency cutaneous excitation in flexor digitorum longus motoneurons during fictive locomotion (1988)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 71 (1988), S. 568-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Fictive locomotion ; Cutaneous reflex pathways ; Flexor digitorum longus muscle ; Motoneurons ; Interneurons ; Reflex modulation ; Spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined modulation of transmission of short-latency excitation produced by distal hindlimb cutaneous input, as well as fluctuations in motoneuron membrane potential and input resistance, in flexor digitorum longus (FDL) motoneurons during fictive locomotion. Fictive stepping was induced in unaesthetized, decerebrate cats either by repetitive stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) or by administration of Nialamide and 1 DOPA after low spinal section. In the MLR preparations, brief depolarizing waves occurred in FDL cells during the early flexion phase of fictive stepping, immediately after cessation of activity in extensor muscles. In some FDL cells, plateau-like depolarizations also occurred during the extensor phase. Fictive stepping induced in acutely spinalized cats by administration of l-DOPA was slower and more variable; peak polarization in FDL motoneurons always occurred during the early flexion phase but there was usually no distinct depolarization during extension. In both types of preparation, the initial EPSP components in synaptic potentials (SP-EPSPs) produced by electrical stimulation of the cutaneous division of the superficial peroneal nerve (SP) were maximally facilitated during early flexion, coincident with the peak of background depolarization. This enhancement was manifested by an increase in the amplitude of initial SP-EPSP components or by decreased central latency of the initial EPSP components, or both. In most FDL motoneurons, input resistance decreased systematically during late flexion, coincident with relative membrane hyperpolarization. Correction of SP-EPSP amplitudes for changes in input resistance suggested that SP-EPSP facilitation persisted throughout the flexion phase These findings are discussed with reference to modulation of cutaneous reflexes during locomotion and the possibility that excitatory last-order interneurons in particular cutaneous reflex pathways may distribute excitatory drive from the central pattern generator for locomotion to FDL α-motoneurons
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248749
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of short latency cutaneous excitation in flexor and extensor motoneurons during fictive locomotion in the cat (1989)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 77 (1989), S. 57-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cutaneous EPSPs ; Fictive locomotion ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined modulation of transmission in short-latency, distal hindlimb cutaneous reflex pathways during fictive locomotion in 19 decerebrate cats. Fictive stepping was produced either by electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) or by administration of Nialamide and 1-DOPA to acutely spinalized animals. Postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) produced by electrical stimulation of low threshold afferents (〈 2.5 times threshold) in the superficial peroneal (SP), sural, saphenous or medial plantar nerves were recorded intracellularly from various extensor (n = 28) and flexor (n = 24) motoneurons and averaged throughout the step cycle, together with voltage responses to intrasomatic constant current pulses (in order to monitor relative cell input resistance). Each motoneuron studied displayed rhythmic background oscillations in membrane potential and correlated variations in input resistance. The average input resistance of extensor motoneurons was lowest during mid-flexion, when the cells were relatively hyperpolarized and silent. Conversely, average input resistance of flexor motoneurons was highest during mid-flexion, when they were depolarized and active. The amplitude of the minimum-latency excitatory components of PSPs produced by cutaneous nerve stimulation were measured from computer averaged records representing six subdivisions of the fictive step cycle. Oligosynaptic EPSP components were consistently modulated only in the superficial peroneal responses in flexor motoneurons, which exhibited enhanced amplitude during the flexion phase. With the other skin nerves tested (sural, saphenous, and plantar), no consistent patterns of modulation were observed during fictive locomotion. We conclude that transmission through some, but not all, oligosynaptic excitatory cutaneous pathways is enhanced by premotoneuronal mechanisms during the flexion phase of fictive stepping in several cat hindlimb motor nuclei. The present results suggest that the patterns of interaction between the locomotor central pattern generator and excitatory cutaneous reflex pathways depend on the source of afferent input and on the identity of the target motoneuron population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250567
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroendocrine effects of ipsapirone on the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis: CRF, ACTH and cortisol in healthy volunteers (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 163-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Ipsapirone ; CRF ; ACTH ; cortisol ; time series analysis ; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The neuroendocrine effects (changes in plasma CRF, ACTH and cortisol) of single and multiple (t.d.s. for 2 days) doses of ipsapirone (BAY Q 7821) 5 and 10 mg have been investigated in 6 healthy male volunteers. The study followed a balanced complete block, placebo-controlled and double blind design with two baseline phases (pre and post-treatment). Volunteers were investigated on identical days during 5 successive weeks. The results do not show a specific effect of ipsapirone on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis when doses in the range of 5–30 mg per day were given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278478
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Fischer-Tropsch-Synthese in Suspensionsphase an Mn/Fe- und Fe/Cu- KatalysatorenVorgetragen von W.-D. Deckwer auf der Arbeitssitzung des DECHEMA Ausschusses „Technische Reaktionen“ am 11. Februar 1981 in Arnoldshain/Ts. (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 53 (1981), S. 818-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Fischer-Tropsch-Synthese ; Suspensions-Reaktor ; Mn/Fe- und Fe/Cu-Katalysator ; Produktverteilung nach Schulz-Flory ; Geschwindigkeitskonstanten für Synthesegas-Verbrauch ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330531016
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and Application of the Vapor Phase Decomposition Technique for Trace Metal Analysis on Silicon Oxide Surfaces (1996)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 24 (1996), S. 511-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Vapor phase decomposition-droplet surface etching-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (VPD-DSE-GFAAS) is discussed as a technique for the determination of low levels of metals in chemical oxides on silicon surfaces. The VPD-DSE-GFAAS technique was found to be statistically equivalent to results obtained by the standard surface techniques of total reflectance x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF) and SIMS. The capability of the VPD-DSE-GFAAS technique has been extended to detection limits in the 107 to low 109 atom cm-2 range. A positive linear relationship was found for iron, calcium, zinc and aluminum deposited on a silicon wafer from an ammonium hydroxide-hydrogen peroxide-water (SC1) solution. Sodium and potassium deposition from SC1 solutions was found to be independent of solution concentrations. Deposition for these metals appeared to be primarily related to localized micron-sized nuclei deposits and not to adsorption on an atomic scale.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depth profile analysis: STEM-EDX vs. RBS (1998)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 26 (1998), S. 359-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: X-ray technique for structure analysis ; depth profiling ; nanocluster ; self-diffusion in metals ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Results obtained from scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray imaging (EDX) and from Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) of implanted and multilayered structures are compared in order to demonstrate the depth profiling capabilities of both analysis methods, especially at interfaces. Typical samples for dilute and concentrated systems are compared. The dilute system is represented by Ge nano-clusters in an amorphous SiO2 matrix on a Si substrate produced by ion implantation and subsequent annealing. The concentrated system of alternating Ag-Al multilayers (typical thickness ∽200 nm) is produced by evaporation on Si substrates under high vacuum conditions. A significant advantage of STEM-EDX is the two-dimensional mapping and depth profiling of light and heavier elements in heavy-Z substrates (depth scale in nanometres) without the lack of a deteriorating depth resolution at increasing depth, as happens in RBS. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darstellung polymerer Steroidacetale und Steroidester (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 35 (1984), S. 673-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The properties of 3β-hydroxysteroides were modified by their conversion with polymer carriers and with polymerizable monomers, respectively. The acetalization was carried out under mild reaction conditions. In dependence of the nature of the 3β-hydroxysteroide and the solvent, respectively, acetals with an degree of conversions up t o 15% were obtained. Polymer carriers were prepared by radical polymerization of vinylacetate - crotonaldehyd. Dextranaldehyd was prepared by oxidation of dextran with NaIO4 Polymeric steroidesters were prepared by conversion of Sβ-hydroxy-steroides with methacryloylchloride and subsequent radical copolymerization with methacrylic acid.
    Notes: Zur Eigenschaftsmodifizierung polymerer Pharmaka wurden 3β-Hydroxysteroide mit polymeren Trägern bzw. polymerisierbaren Monomeren umgesetzt. Die Acetalisierung erfolgte unter milden Bedingungen und ergab in Abhängigkeit vom eingesetzten 3β-Hydroxysteroid bzw. vom Lösungsmittel Acetale mit einem Umsetzungsgrad von maximal 15%. Als polymere Träger wurden die auf radikalischem Wege hergestellten Copolymere Vinylacetat/Crotonaldehyd sowie der bei der Oxidation von Dextran mit NaIO4 erhaltene Dextranaldehyd eingesetzt. Polymere Ester wurden durch Umsetzung von 3β-Hydroxysteroiden mit Methacrylsäurechlorid und anschließender radikalischer Copolymerisation mit Methacrylsäure erhalten.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1984.010351102
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die charakterisierung der porosität von polyacrylnitril-faserstoffen im gelzustand (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 43 (1992), S. 151-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Measurement methods that are applicable for the characterization of porous structures, i.e. differential scanning calorimetry, low-temperature gas adsorption, mercury high pressure porosimetry, electron and light microscopy, X-ray small angle scattering, water retention value, and apparent density, are described with respect of the peculiarities of poly(acrylonitrile) fibres. The methods have been applied on differently stretched and thermally treated PAN fibres in the gel state and after dehydration, respectively. The observed effects are explained by the different stabilities of the gel fibre structure.
    Notes: Die zur Charakterisierung von Porenstrukturen anwendbaren Meßmethoden Differential-Scanning-Calorimetrie, Tieftemperatur-Gasadsorption, Quecksilber-Hochdruckporosimetrie, Elektronen- und Lichtmikroskopie, Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung sowie Wasserrückhaltevermögen und scheinbare Dichte werden unter Berücksichtigung der Besonderheiten von Polyacrylnitrilfasern vorgestellt. Die genannten Methoden wurden auf unterschiedlich gereckte und thermisch behandelte PAN-Fasern im Gelzustand und nach Entwässerung angewendet. Die dabei auftretenden Effekte werden mit der unterschiedlichen Stabilität der Gelfaserstruktur erklärt.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1992.010430305
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