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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic basis of low-temperature-sensitive sterility in indica-japonica hybrids of rice as determined by RFLP analysis (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 1092-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa ; Hybrid sterility ; Ste loci ; Molecular markers ; Hybrid rice breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Low-temperature-sensitive sterility (LTSS) has become one of the major obstacles in indica-japonica hybrid rice breeding. In this study, we determined, using RFLP markers, the genetic basis of LTSS in two populations derived from crosses between indica and japonica parents, the BC1F1 of 3037/02428//3037 and the F2 of 3037/02428. The fertility segregation in the two populations under low-temperature conditions was used as a measurement of the temperature sensitivity of the various genotypes in the populations. A RFLP survey of bulked extremes from the BC1F1 population identified three genomic regions, two on chromosome 1 and one on chromosome 12, that were likely to contain genes for LTSS (or Ste loci). One-way ANOVA and QTL analysis using a total of 19 markers from these three genomic regions resolved three Ste loci in the BC1F1 population and two Ste loci in the F2 population. On the basis of chromosomal location these loci were distinct from those governing wide-compatibility identified in previous studies. Two- and three-way ANOVA showed that these loci acted essentially independent of each other in conditioning LTSS. The main mode of gene action was an interaction between the indica and the japonica alleles within each locus. For each respective locus this resulted in a drastic fertility reduction in the heterozygote state relative to the homozygote state. The results have significant implications in indica-japonica hybrid rice breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050667
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genome-wide analysis of wide compatibility in rice and the precise location of the S5 locus in the molecular map (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 809-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L ; Indica and japonica ; Hybrid sterility ; Mapping ; Rice breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The discovery of wide-compatibility varieties (WCVs) that are able to produce normal fertility hybrids when crossed both to indica and japonica rice has enabled the fertility barrier between indica and japonica subspecies to be broken and provided the possibility of developing inter-subspecific hybrids in rice breeding programs. However, a considerable variation in the fertility level of hybrids from the same WCV crossed to different varieties has often been observed. One hypothesis for this variable fertility is that additional genes are involved in hybrid fertility besides the wide-compatibility gene (WCG). To assess such a possibility, we performed a genome-wide analysis by assaying a large population from a three-way cross ‘02428’/‘Nanjing 11’//‘Balilla’ using a total of 171 RFLP probes detecting 191 polymorphic loci distributed throughout the entire rice linkage map. Our analysis recovered 3 loci conferring significant effects on hybrid fertility. The major locus on chromosome 6 coincided in chromosomal location with the previously identified S 5 locus, and the 2 minor loci that mapped to chromosomes 2 and 12, respectively, were apparently distinct from all previously reported hybrid sterility genes. Interaction between the indica and japonica alleles at each of the loci caused a reduction in hybrid fertility. The joint effect of the 2 minor loci could lead to partial sterility even in the presence of the WCG. The location of the S 5 locus on the molecular marker linkage map was determined to be approximately 1.0 cM from the RFLP locus R2349. This tight linkage will be useful for marker-aided transfer of the WCG in hybrid rice breeding and for map-based cloning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050629
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational changes in histone IV (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 375-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conformational change of histone IV, induced by phosphate, have been investigated by observing the intrinsic fluorescence of tyrosine residues and circular dichroism (CD). There is a fast conformational change upon the addition of phosphate, followed by a slow process with time constants in the range of minutes to hours depending upon both the phosphate and histone concentrations. The CD results indicate α-helix formation in the fast process, and β-sheet formation in the slow one, although other secondary and tertiary structural changes also may occur. The histone concentration dependence of the fast process is consistent with dimerization. Divalent phosphate is about ten times more effective than monovalent phosphate in inducing conformational changes. All of the changes are reversible.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1972.360110206
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold forming of plastics part I. Draw forming of thermoplastic sheets (1971)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 99-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An experimental procedure is outlined to examine the potential of thermoplastic sheets in draw forming. Experiments carried out on a variety of materials indicate that the following requirements must be fulfilled for a thermoplastic sheet to be cold formable: (1) The glass transition of polymer should be above ambient temperature and above the temperature of forming, (2) tensile elongation at break should equal or exceed 30%, (3) ratio of tensile to compressive yield stress should equal or exceed 1.6 and (4) sheet must not yield locally (neck) when strained in tension.An experimental method has been developed to determine the compressive, friction and bending forces which oppose the drawing force exerted by the punch. It is shown that the compressive force is, in most cases, largest. A stress analysis is carried out leading to an expression correlating the maximum depth of draw as a function of basic properties of sheets such as tensile strength (St*) and compressive yield stress (Sc). The effect of rolling on drawability is examined and interpreted in terms of the ratio St*/Sc. The cold formed items have a lower heat distortion temperature than their thermoformed counterparts.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110205
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectra composite that withstands torch flame test (1994)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 765-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In recent years, the development of high performance Spectra® fibers has received increasing attention in industry. Because of the outstanding capability to absorb energy, these polyethylene fibers are frequently used in damage tolerant composite materials to protect equipment, apparatus, and/or people against blast and debris of explosion or projectiles. Since the fiber is thermally stable, it is possible to design composite structures that are suitable for use in applications where prolonged exposure to flame is anticipated. In this paper, we report the findings obtained in a recent flammability evaluation of a Spectra composite subjected to a torch flame, and to hot metal balls. The Spectra composite structures that will be discussed were found to withstand these exposures without burning and the smoke generation and toxic gas emission were far below the limits set in the standard for current aircraft interior materials.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760340910
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold forming of plastics part II. Draw forming of laminates containing crosslinkable core (1971)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 109-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The problems encountered with cold formed thermoplastic material, namely, low heat distortion temperature and stress and solvent crazing, can be overcome by using a laminate consisting of a reinforced thermosetting core sandwiched between two drawable face sheets. This process imposes a restriction on the material by the need for a curing cycle to transform the core into a hard, three dimensional network. To take full advantage of the very fast metal forming technique, the curing should be accomplished outside of the forming apparatus and without external restraint. In order to impart a practical shelf life to the laminate at room temperature, the chemical requirements of the core can only be met with an elevated temperature cure. This in turn places an additional restriction on the face sheets, as they will have to withstand the curing conditions without external constraint and without dimensional changes of the formed part. Finally, the face sheets then have to become an integral part of the formed laminate upon curing of the latter, involving a high adhesive strength between the cured core and the face sheets. The criteria for the selection of the materials for various layers are presented as well as the limitations on the construction of the entire laminate.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110206
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