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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal cord evoked potentials and edema in the pathophysiology of rat spinal cord injury (1998)
    Springer
    Amino acids 14 (1998), S. 131-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Nitric oxide ; Spinal cord evoked potentials ; Edema ; Cell changes ; p-CPA ; Diazepam ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility that nitric oxide is somehow involved in the early bioelectrical disturbances following spinal cord injury in relation to the later pathophysiology of the spinal cord was examined in a rat model of spinal cord trauma. A focal trauma to the rat spinal cord was produced by an incision of the right dorsal horn of the T 10–11 segments under urethane anaesthesia. The spinal cord evoked potentials (SCEP) were recorded using epidural electrodes placed over the T9 and T12 segments of the cord following supramaximal stimulation of the right tibial and sural nerves in the hind leg. Trauma to the spinal cord significantly attenuated the SCEP amplitude (about 60%) immediately after injury which persisted up to 1h. However, a significant increase in SCEP latency was seen at the end of 5h after trauma. These spinal cord segments exhibited profound upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunoreactivity, and the development of edema and cell injury. Pretreatment with a serotonin synthesis inhibitor drug p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA) or an anxiolytic drug diazepam significantly attenuated the decrease in SCEP amplitude, upregulation of NOS, edema and cell injury. On the other hand, no significant reduction in SCEP amplitude, NOS immunolabelling, edema or cell changes were seen after injury in rats pretreated with L-NAME. These observations suggest that nitric oxide is somehow involved in the early disturbances of SCEP and contribute to the later pathophysiology of spinal cord injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01345253
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of hyperthermic brain injury. Influence of a new anti-oxidant compound H-290/51 (1998)
    Springer
    Amino acids 14 (1998), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Heat stress ; Nitric oxide ; Cell injury ; Antioxidant ; H-290/51Blood-brain barrier ; Brain edema
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the pathophysiology of brain injury caused by heat stress (HS) was examined using neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunohistochemistry in a rat model. In addition, to find out a role of oxidative stress in NOS upregulation and cell injury, the effect of a new antioxidant compound H-290/51 (Astra Hässle, Mälndal, Sweden) was examined in this model. Subjection of conscious young rats to 4 h HS in a biological oxygen demand (BOD) incubator at 38°C resulted in a marked upregulation of NOS in many brain regions compared to control rats kept at room temperature (21 ± 1°C. This NOS immunoreactivity was found mainly in distorted neurons located in the edematous regions not normally showing NOS activity. Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, increase in brain water content and marked neuronal, glial and myelin reaction were common findings in several brain regions exhibiting upregulation of NOS activity. Pretreatment with H-290/51 significantly attenuated the upregulation of NOS in rats subjected to HS. In these animals breakdown of the BBB permeability, edema and cell changes were considerably reduced. Our results suggest that hyperthermic brain injury is associated with a marked upregulation of NOS activity in the CNS and this upregulation of NOS and concomitant cell injury can be reduced by prior treatment with an antioxidant compound H 290/51. These observations indicate that oxidative stress seems to be an important endogenous signals for NOS upregulation and cell reaction in hyperthermic brain injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01345249
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain derived neurotrophic factor and insulin like growth factor-1 attenuate upregulation of nitric oxide synthase and cell injury following trauma to the spinal cord (1998)
    Springer
    Amino acids 14 (1998), S. 121-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Brain derived neurotrophic factor ; Insulin like growth factor-1 ; Nitric oxide ; Spinal cord injury ; Edema ; Cell injury ; Blood-spinal cord barrier ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility that brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF) induced neuroprotectivn is influenced by mechanisms involving nitric oxide was examined in a rat model of focal spinal cord injury. BDNF or IGF-I (0.1 μg/10 [1 in phosphate buffer saline) was applied topically 30 min before injury on the exposed spinal cord followed by repeated doses of growth factors immediately before and 30 min after injury. Thereafter application of BDNF or IGF was carried out at every 1 h interval until sacrifice. Five hours after injury, the tissue pieces from the T9 segment were processed for nNOS immunostaining, edema and cell injury. Untreated injured rats showed a profound upregulation of nNOS which was most pronounced in the nerve cells of the ipsilateral side. A marked increase in the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability to125I-albumin, water content and cell injury in these perifocal segments was also found. Pretreatment with BDNF and IGF significantly reduced the upregulation of nNOS in the spinal cord. This effect of the growth factors was most pronounced in the contralateral side. Rats treated with these neurotrophic factors showed much less signs of BSCB damage, edema and cell injury. These results suggest that BDNF and IGF pretreatment is neuroprotective in spinal cord injury and that these neurotrophic factors have the capacity to down regulate nNOS expression following trauma to the spinal cord. Our data provide new experimental evidences which suggest that BDNF and IGF may exert their potential neuroprotective effects probably via regulation of NOS activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01345252
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New hybrids between Agropyron and wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 66 (1983), S. 111-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Agropyron ; Intergeneric hybrids ; Embryo culture ; Chromosome pairing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Intergeneric hybrids of Triticum aestivum (2n=42,AABBDD) with Agropyron ciliare (2n= 28,SSYY), A. trachycaulum (2n=28,SSHH), A. yezoense (2n=28,SSYY) and A. scirpeum (2n=28) are reported for the first time. F1 hybrids of T. aestivum were also produced with A. intermedium (2n=42,E1E1E2E2Z1Z1) and A. junceum (2n=14,JuJu). All wheat-Agropyron hybrids were obtained by embryo rescue technique. Cultivars and reciprocal crosses differed for seed set, seed development and F1 plant production. The F1 hybrids were sterile. Attempts to obtain amphiploids were unsuccessful. However, backcross derivatives were obtained with wheat as the recurrent parent. The level of chromosome pairing in A. trachycaulum x wheat, A. yezoense x wheat and wheat x A. junceum hybrids provided no evidence of homologous or homoeologous pairing. Mean pairing frequencies in A. ciliare x wheat, wheat x A. scirpeum and wheat x A. intermedium hybrids indicated homoeologous or autosyndetic pairing. Ph gene was more effective in regulating homoeologous pairing in A. yezoense x wheat hybrids than in A. ciliare x wheat hybrid. Chromosome pairing data of BC1 derivatives indicated that either some of the wheat chromosomes were eliminated or Agropyron chromosomes caused reduced pairing of wheat homologues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265184
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current status of wide hybridization in wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 17-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum ; Aegilops ; Secale ; Agropyron ; Elymus ; Haynaldia ; Hordeum ; wide hybridization ; intergeneric crosses ; alien gene transfer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Current status of wide hybridization in wheat is considered in the light of the number of hybrids produced, the number of genes transferred to commercial cultivars and their use in world wide agricuture. Some original results are presented and results of other authors are compiled to provide update information regarding wide crosses in wheat. Barriers to wide hybridization and progress made in overcoming such barriers are discussed. Areas requiring more research are indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036860
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inflorescence culture of wheat-Agropyron hybrids: Callus induction, plant regeneration, and potential in overcoming sterility barriers (1984)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 3 (1984), S. 247-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wide crosses ; tissue culture ; somaclonal variation ; Agropyron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Segments of young inflorescences of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS), its F1 hybrids with Agropyron trachycaulum and A. scirpeum and backcross derivatives with A. yezoense, A. intermedium and A. junceum, and of a A. yezoense x T. aestivum cv. Wichita hybrid were cultured. Different parts of young spikelets of A. trachycaulum x CS F1 and A. yezoense x Wichita F1 's were also cultured. Percent callus induction was lower in wheat than in the wheat-Agropyron hybrids or backcross derivatives. Percent callus induction from different organs in both hybrids was in the descending order of whole spikelet, spikelet without glumes, rachis, and glumes. No plants could be regenerated from calli of wheat and backcross derivatives except those of CS x A. intermedium combination. Callus induction in hybrids varied from 54 to 84% and plant regeneration from 14 to 31%. The regenerants required no vernalization. Variants including one with top-dense spikes and another with elongated spikelets were recovered. Out of eight A. trachycaulm x CS hybrid regenerants, one had anthers and stigma as opposed to neutral flowers of the original hybrid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040344
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