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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 121 (1979), S. 255-260 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Purine fermentation ; Xanthine dehydrogenase ; Selenium ; Tungsten ; Molybdenum ; Clostridium acidiurici ; Clostridium cylindrosporum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The xanthine dehydrogenase of Clostridium acidiurici and C. cylindrosporum was assayed with methyl viologen as acceptor. In C. acidiurici the basal activity level was about 0.3 μmol/min x mg of protein. Cells grown on uric acid in the presence of 10-7 M selenite showed a 14-fold increase in xanthine dehydrogenase activity, which decreased with higher selenite concentrations (10-5 M). The supplementation with 10-7 M molybdate or tungstate was without effect. High concentrations of tungstate decreased the xanthine dehydrogenase if selenite was also present. In comparison, high concentrations of molybdate affected only a small decrease in activity level at the optimal concentration for selenite and relieved to some degree the inhibitory effect of 10-5 M selenite. With hypoxanthine and xanthine as substrates for growth again only the addition of selenite was necessary to show a similar increase in xanthine dehydrogenase activity. C. acidiurici could be grown in a mineral medium. Both xanthine dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase exhibited the highest level of activity if selenite and tungstate were present in that medium. In C. cylindrosporum the basal activity level of xanthine dehydrogenase was about 0.95 μmol/min x mg of protein. The addition of 10-7 M selenite to the growth medium increased the activity level about 3-fold, but the highest level (3.7 U/mg) was reached if 10-7 M molybdate was also added. The presence of tungstate resulted in a decreased enzyme activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 138 (1984), S. 345-353 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Clostridium acidiurici ; Clostridium cylindrosporum ; Clostridium purinolyticum ; Purine metabolism ; Selenite ; Antibiogram ; DNA homology ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eleven strains of obligately purinolytic clostridia have been studied with respect to their assignment to the three type strains of Clostridium acidiurici, C. cylindrosporum, and C. purinolyticum. DNA/DNA-hybridization proved to be the method of choice for differentiation whereas phenotypic characteristics such as spore morphology, substrate spectra, nutritional requirements, product formation, and sensitivity against various antibiotics did not allow unequivocal identification. All strains depended on selenite for growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 147 (1987), S. 295-299 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Clostridium acidiurici ; Clostridium cylindrosporum ; Tungsten uptake ; Molybdate antagonism ; Formate dehydrogenase ; Tungsten-binding-storage protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Uptake of tungstate by growing cells was unaffected by the presence of molybdate in Clostridium cylindrosporum, whereas in C. acidiurici the accumulation was decreased by molybdate at 10-6 mol/l tungstate and higher concentrations. The labelling pattern of soluble proteins by 185W-tungsten indicated after gel chromatography the presence of three different tungstoproteins in both bacteria. Formate dehydrogenase activity always eluted at a maximum of tungsten labelling. The incorporation of tungsten into formate dehydrogenase containing fractions and a possible tungsten-binding-storage protein was independent of the presence of excess molydate pointing to a genuine role for tungstate in these bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 2 (1947), S. 21-35 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A polyvinyl acetate polymer of medium viscosity was fractionated into sixteen fractions (first series) and three of the larger of these further separated into twenty subfractions (second series). The intrinsic viscosities and the osmotic pressure molecular weights were determined at 25°C. and the relation between them was found to be expressed by the equations: first series: [η] = (1.88 × 10-4) M0.69; second series: [η] = (1.76 × 10-4) M0.68. The data indicate that little, if any, increase in homogeneity is to be expected by further successive fractionations and that the equations applicable to the second fractionation series are representative of essentially homogeneous polyvinyl acetates in acetone. An equation applicable to fractionated and unfractionated vinyl acetate polymers is described that is useful in obtaining the intrinsic viscosity from a single viscosity measurement. Several unfractionated materials from different sources were also studied and the calculated ratios of the viscosity-average to the number-average molecular weight indicate that the degree of heterogeneity of chain-length distribution increases with increasing average molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 4 (1949), S. 542-542 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Linear poly(dimethyl siloxanes) bearing vinyl groups can be converted to crosslinked products by photoinitiated formation of radicals. In chloroform solution the quantum yield indicated by the decrease in double bonds (ΦP) assumes values of 0.9 to 2.5, depending on the type of initiator. It decreases with rising silicon concentration. A ΦP-value of 0.01can be extrapolated for solvent free systems. Under these conditions network formation is particularly efficient with benzoin derivatives. As the content of vinyl groups increases the network density also rises. As is demonstrated by IR spectroscopic studies on benzoin derivatives as initiators and by characterization of the networks built up this way, network formation is almost exclusively due to the vinyl groups.
    Notes: Lineare vinylgruppenhaltige Poly(dimethylsiloxane) können durch eine photoinitiierte Radikalbildung in vernetzte Proben überführt werden. In CHCI3-Lösungen erreichen die Quantenausbeuten der Doppelbindungsabnahme (Φp) Werte von 0,9 bis 2,5 Sie hängen vom Initiatortyp ab und sinken bei Erhöhung der Siliconkonzentration. Für lösungsmittelfreie Systeme kann ein ΦP-Wert von 0,01 extrapoliert werden. Unter solchen Bedingungen erfolgt die Netzwerkbildung besonders effektiv mit Benzoinderivaten. Mit steigendem Vinylgruppengehalt der Silicone erhöht sich die Netzwerkdichte. IR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen mit Benzoinderivaten als Initiator und die Charakterisierung der entstandenen Netzwerke zeigen, daß die Netzwerkbildung fast ausschließlich über die Vinylgruppen abläuft.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 64 (1992), S. 870-871 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 1427-1432 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new method of evalution of the effect of electron beam on the latent changes in degrading polymer resists has been developed on the base of measurement of the developing curve under an interference microscope. An evalution procedure using the unit parameters (film thickness and development time) has been suggested for the characterization of the sensitivity and contrast of resists.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 1483-1490 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The sizes of dissolved polymers can be estimated a priori at infinite dilution and under theta conditions from existing theories. The effects of concentration can be calculated by assuming that the hydrodynamic volume decreases from a maximum value at infinite dilution toward the theta condition volume, which is reached when the volume fraction of solvated polymer in solution is unity. The predicted hydrodynamic volumes coincide with results of small-angle x-ray scattering and effects of solvent and concentration on gel permeation chromatography elution volumes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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