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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (26)
  • Neurone number  (3)
  • Human cerebral cortex  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cortical and striatal neurone number in Huntington's disease (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 320-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Huntington's disease ; Human cerebral cortex ; Striatum ; Neurone number ; Stereology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The total cortical and striatal neurone and glial numbers were estimated in five cases of Huntington's disease (three males, two females) and five age- and sex-matched control cases. Serial 500-μm-thick gallocyanin-stained frontal sections through the left hemisphere were analysed using Cavalieri's principle for volume and the optical disector for cell density estimations. The average cortical neurone number of five controls (mean age 53±13 years, range 36 – 72 years) was 5.97×109±320×106, the average number of small striatal neurones was 82×106±15.8×106. The left striatum (caudatum, putamen, and accumbens) contained a mean of 273×106±53×106 glial cells (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and unclassifiable glial profiles). The mean cortical neurone number in Huntington's disease patients (mean age 49±14 years, range 36 – 75 years) was diminished by about 33  % to 3.99×109±218×106 nerve cells (P≤ 0.012, Mann-Whitney U-test). The mean number of small striatal neurones decreased tremendously to 9.72 × 106± 3.64×106 ( – 88  %). The decrease in total glial cells was less pronounced (193 × 106±26 × 106) but the mean glial index, the numerical ratio of glial cells per neurone, increased from 3.35 to 22.59 in Huntington's disease. Qualitatively, neuronal loss was most pronounced in supragranular layers of primary sensory areas (Brodmann's areae 3,1,2; area 17, area 41). Layer IIIc pyramidal cells were preferentially lost in association areas of the temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes, whereas spared layer IV granule cells formed a conspicuous band between layer III and V in these fields. Methodological issues are discussed in context with previous investigations and similarities and differences of laminar and lobar nerve cell loss in Huntington's disease are compared with nerve cell degeneration in other neuropsychiatric diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310376
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nerve cell loss in the thalamic centromedian-parafascicular complex in patients with Huntington's disease (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Huntington's disease ; Human brain ; Thalamus ; Nuclei centromedianus-parafascicularis ; Neurone number
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The centromedian-parafascicular complex represents a nodal point in the neuronal loop comprising striatum – globulus pallidus – thalamus – striatum. Striatal neurone degeneration is a hallmark in Huntington's disease and we were interested in estimating total neurone and glial number in this thalamic nuclear complex. Serial 500-μm-thick gallocyanin-stained frontal sections of the left hemisphere from six cases of Huntington's disease patients (three females, three males) and six age- and sex-matched controls were investigated applying Cavalieri's principle and the optical disector. Mean neurone number in the controls was 646,952 ± 129,668 cells versus 291,763 ± 60,122 in Huntington's disease patients (Mann-Whitney U-test, P 〈 0.001). Total glial cell number (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and unclassifiable glial profiles) was higher in controls with 9,544,191 ± 3,028,944 versus 6,961,989 ± 2,241,543 in Huntington's disease patients (Mann-Whitney U-test, P 〈 0.021). Considerable increase of fibrous astroglia within the centromedian-parafascicular complex could be observed after Gallyas' impregnation. Most probably this cell type enhanced the numerical ratio between glial number and neurone number (glial index: Huntington's disease patients = 24.4 ± 8.1; controls = 15.0 ± 5.2; Mann-Whitney U-test, P 〈 0.013). The neurone number in the centromedian-parafascicular complex correlated negatively, although statistically not significantly, with the striatal neurone number. This lack of correlation between an 80% neuronal loss in the striatum and a 55% neurone loss in the centromedian-parafascicular complex points to viable neuronal circuits connecting the centromedian-parafascicular complex with cortical and subcortical regions that are less affected in Huntington's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050408
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cortical and striatal neurone number in Huntington's disease (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 320-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Huntington's disease ; Human cerebral cortex ; Striatum ; Neurone number ; Stereology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The total cortical and striatal neurone and glial numbers were estimated in five cases of Huntington's disease (three males, two females) and five age-and sex-matched control cases. Serial 500-μm-thick gallocyanin-stained frontal sections through the left hemisphere were analysed using Cavalieri's principle for volume and the optical disector for cell density estimations. The average cortical neurone number of five controls (mean age 53±13 years, range 36–72 years) was 5.97×109±320×106, the average number of small striatal neurones was 82×106±15.8×106. The left striatum (caudatum, putamen, and accumbens) contained a mean of 273×106±53×106 glial cells (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and unclassifiable glial profiles). The mean cortical neurone number in Huntington's disease patients (mean age 49±14 years, range 36–75 years) was diminished by about 33% to 3.99×109±218×106 nerve cells (P≦0.012, Mann-Whitney U-test). The mean number of small striatal neurones decreased tremendously to 9.72×106±3.64×106 (−88%). The decrease in total glial cells was less pronounced (193×106±26×106) but the mean glial index, the numerical ratio of glial cells per neurone, increased from 3.35 to 22.59 in Huntington's disease. Qualitatively, neuronal loss was most pronounced in supragranular layers of primary sensory areas (Brodmann's areae 3,1,2; area 17, area 41). Layer IIIc pyramidal cells were preferentially lost in association areas of the temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes, whereas spared layer IV granule cells formed a conspicuous band between layer III and V in these fields. Methodological issues are discussed in context with previous investigations and similarities and differences of laminar and lobar nerve cell loss in Huntington's disease are compared with nerve cell degeneration in other neuropsychiatric diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310376
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metallurgical modelling of welding. Von O. Grong, 600 Seiten, The Institute of Materials, London 1994, Materials modelling series; 557, £ 85.00, ISBN 0-901716-37-5 (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 199-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970480319
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lexikon der Schweißtechnik. Schweißen, Schneiden und verwandte Verfahren. Hrsg. H. Herold, J. Wodara. Deutscher Verlag für Schweißtechnik, DVS-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1994, 1. Auf., 500 Abb., 269 Seiten, DM 128,-, ISBN 3-87155-732-3 (1995)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 182-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19950460313
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical modelling of weld phenomena 2, Hrsg. von H. Cerjak und H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia, 288 Seiten, Materials modelling series 594. The Institute of Materials, London 1995, £ 65.00, ISBN 0-901716-63-4 (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 71-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970480112
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inspection guidelines for pressure vessels and piping. Volume 1: New Fabrication. Von Ronald J. Twigg. MTI Publication No. 40. Published for Materials Technology Institute of the Chemical Process Industries, Inc. By NACE International P.O. Box 218340, Houston, TX 77218-8340. 1993, 135 S., 35 Abb., $ 115.00, $ 80.00 (NACE Member), ISBN 1-877914-64-9 (1995)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 336-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19950460515
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte-Carlo-Simulation der geometrischen Struktur von Cyanurat-Oligomeren (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 38 (1987), S. 655-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The average bond lengths and bond angles of the structural units of polycyanurates synthesized by polycyclotrimerization of 2,2-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)propane were measured by single crystal X-ray analysis of model compounds. An off-lattice Monte Carlo model was developed for the simulation of the geometrical structure of cyanurate oligomers with polymerization degrees up to 31. Excluded volume effects were taken into account in the form of hard spheres. The calculated results show that an occurrence of intramolecular cyclizations, which was supposed in the literature, is possible.
    Notes: Die Größen der Bindungsabstände und -winkel der in Polycyanuraten auf Basis von 2,2-Bis(4-cyanatophenyl)propan auftretenden Strukturelemente wurden durch Röntgenkristallstrukturanalyse von Modellsubstanzen ermittelt. Darauf aufbauend wurde ein Monte-Carlo off-lattice Modell zur Simulation der geometrischen Struktur auftretender Oligomere bis zu einem Polymerisationsgrad 31 entwickelt, in dem Effekte des ausgeschlossenen Volumens in Form von hard-sphere Potentialen berücksichtigt sind. Die Ergebnisse belegen unter anderem die aus experimentellen Daten resultierende Vermutung des Auftretens intramolekularer Cyclisierungen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1987.010381204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical structural model for the gelation behaviour of cyanate-epoxy polyreactions (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 39 (1988), S. 548-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Unter Zugrundelegung der Kinetik der Hauptreaktionen bis zum Gelpunkt - Polycyclotrimerisierung der Cyanat-gruppe, Einschubreaktion des Glycidethers und Abspaltung eines Phenols - wurde mit Hilf der Kaskadentheorie ein statistisches Strukturmodell der Reaktion von Dicyanaten mit Bisglycidethern entwickelt. Es wurde gefunden, daß die Verschiebung des kritischen OCN-Umsatzes zu höheren Werten im Vergleich zu den klassischen 50% für die reine Polycyclotrimerisation in der Abspaltung eines Phenols mit dem Grundkörper des Cyanatmonomers begründet ist.
    Notes: Basing on the kinetics of the main reactions up to the gelation point - cyclotrimerization of the cyanate, insertion of the glycidylether group and abstraction of a phenol - a statistical structural model for the reaction of a dicyanate with a bisglycidylether was developed using a cascade approach. It was found that the critical OCN conversion shift to higher values compared with the classical 50% for the pure polycyclotrimerization is caused by the abstraction of the phenol with the aromatic rest of the cyanate monomer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1988.010391004
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaktionen polyfunktioneller Cyansäureester mit polyfunktionellen Glycidethern. 1. Identifizierung der gebildeten StrukturelementeHerrn Professor Dr. Dr. h. c. Hermann Klare zum 80. Geburtstag gewidmet (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 40 (1989), S. 335-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The chemical structures formed at the reaction of glycidylethers with aromatic cyanates were identified. In dependence on the molar ratio of the monomers, different parts of triazines, alkylisocyanurates, oxazolidinones, phenols, secondary hydroxyl groups, and double bonds were obtained.
    Notes: Die bei der Reaktion von Glycidethern und aromatischen Cyansäureestern gebildeten chemischen Strukturen wurden identifiziert. In Abhängigkeit vom Stoffmengenverhältnis der Monomere wurden unterschiedliche Anteile an Triazinen, Alkylisocyanuraten, Oxazolidinonen, Phenolen, sekundären Hydroxylgruppen und Doppelbindungen erhalten.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1989.010400509
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