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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0393
    Schlagwort(e): SchlüsselwörterZervixkarzinom ; Strahlentherapie ; Kombinationstherapie ; 13cis-Retinsäure ; Interferon ; Key wordsCarcinoma of the cervix ; Radiotherapy ; Combination therapy ; 13-cis-retinoic acid ; Interferon
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Although carcinoma screening is now widely available, cervical carcinoma is still the fourth most common tumour among women in the USA and in the western industrialized nations. There are about 14,000 new cases every year. In underdeveloped countries carcinoma of the cervix is widespread and often the most frequent tumour[18]. Besides primarily surgical treatment radiotherapy is the main curative treatment modality, the 5-year survival rates after therapy being around 90% for stage I disease and 7% for stage IV (FIGO Annual Report). It therefore seems desirable to look for therapeutic concepts, with the aim of improving the present results further by means of new combinations of irradiation with a systemic therapy.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Trotz der weit verbreiteten Karzinomvorsorge stellt das Zervixkarzinom in den USA und den westlichen Industrienationen immer noch den vierthäufigsten Tumor bei Frauen dar. Die Anzahl von Neuerkrankungen beträgt ca. 14 000 neue Fälle pro Jahr. In unterentwickelten Ländern ist das Zervixkarzinom weit verbreitet und oft der häufigste Tumor[18]. Neben dem primär chirurgischen Vorgehen stellt die Strahlentherapie die wesentliche kurative Behandlungsmodalität dar, wobei die 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten nach Therapie bei 90% für das Stadium I und 7% für das Stadium IV liegen (FIGO Annual Report). Es erscheint daher sinnvoll, nach therapeutischen Konzeptionen zu suchen, um durch neue Kombinationen der Bestrahlung mit einer System-Therapie die gegenwärtigen Ergebnisse weiter zu verbessern.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Primäres Non-Hodgkin-Lymphom des ZNS ; Non-Hodgkin-Lymphom ; Radiotherapie ; Chemotherapie ; Key words Primary central nervous system lymphoma ; Non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma ; Radiotherapy ; Chemotherapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) are increasing in frequency both in immunocompetent and immunodeficient individuals. The majority of PCNSLs are high-grade B cell lymphomas. In AIDS patients most tumors contain EBV genome. PCNSLs usually present as intracerebral, often deep-seated lesions half of which are multilocular. Less frequent are diffuse periventricular, exclusively leptomeningeal, ocular or spinal spread. On imaging PCNSLs show as contrast-enhancing lesions with relatively little perifocal edema. CSF protein is usually elevated. Malignant cells are present in 20–30% of cases. Demonstration of a monoclonal B cell population by immunocytology or FACS analysis may also be diagnostic. Once PCNSL is suspected extensive systemic evaluation is not useful. Instead, (stereotactic) biopsy of brain lesion(s) should be performed. Prior to biopsy, corticosteroids should be withheld as they may obscure diagnosis. Symptomatic edema or increased intracranial pressure should therefore initially be treated with osmotherapeutics. All immunodeficient patients should receive empiric anti-toxoplasmosis therapy for about 14 days prior to biopsy. AIDS patients with PCNSL survive 3 to 5 months (median) after whole brain irradiation and usually do not benefit from chemotherapy. Immunocompetent patients have a median survival of 12 to 18 months after whole brain irradiation alone, but a median survival of 33 to 43 months after combined radiochemotherapy using cytostatic drugs which penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Based on these encouraging results current concepts aim to intensify chemotherapy and to reduce or delay radiotherapy in the treatment of immunocompetent patients.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Die primären Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome (NHL) des ZNS nehmen sowohl bei immunkompetenten als auch bei immunkranken Patienten an Häufigkeit zu. Histopathologisch handelt sich überwiegend um maligne B-Zellymphome, die bei AIDS-Patienten meist EBV-Genom enthalten. Die NHL des ZNS manifestieren sich in der Regel als intrazerebrale, oft tiefsitzende, in etwa der Hälfte der Fälle multilokuläre Tumoren. Weniger häufig sind diffuses periventrikuläres, ausschließlich leptomeningeales, okuläres oder primär spinales Wachstum. Bildgebend stellen sich die NHL des ZNS als Kontrastmittel-aufnehmende Läsionen mit unscharfer Begrenzung und vergleichsweise geringem Umgebungsödem dar. Das Liquoreiweiß ist meist erhöht. Maligne Zellen finden sich in 20–30% der Fälle. Auch der Nachweis einer monoklonalen B-Zellpopulation mittels Immunzytologie oder FACS-Analyse kann die Diagnose sichern. Bei Verdacht auf ein NHL des ZNS ist eine aufwendige systemische Tumorsuche nicht sinnvoll, sondern umgehend eine (stereotaktische) Biopsie zur Diagnosesicherung anzustreben. Kortikosteroide sollen vor der Biopsie nicht gegeben werden, da sie die Diagnose verschleiern können. Ein symptomatisches Ödem oder Hirndruck sind deshalb zunächst osmotherapeutisch zu behandeln. Bei immunkranken Patienten sollte vor der Biopsie eine etwa 14tägige probatorische Toxoplasmosetherapie erfolgen. AIDS-Patienten mit einem NHL des ZNS überleben nach Ganzhirnbestrahlung im Median 3 bis 5 Monate und profitieren in der Regel nicht von einer zusätzlichen Chemotherapie. Bei immunkompetenten Patienten beträgt die mediane Überlebenszeit nach alleiniger Ganzhirnbestrahlung 12 bis 18 Monate, während sie nach kombinierter Radiochemotherapie mit Blut-Hirn-Schranken-gängigen Zytostatika zwischen 33 und 43 Monaten liegt. Ausgehend von diesen ermutigenden Ergebnissen zielen neuere Konzepte darauf ab, die Chemotherapie bei immunkompetenten Patienten weiter zu intensivieren und die Strahlentherapie zu reduzieren oder hinauszuschieben.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary tumour recurrence ; clinical symptoms ; CT-investigation ; recurrence rate ; prolactin level examination ; combined modality of surgical and radiotherapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The tumour recurrence rate of 210 patients with operated hypophysomas were investigated. Depending on the surgicaal approach, total or subtotal extirpation of the adenomas, the recurrence rates varied from 10,4 to 35%. 33 patients with pituitary tumour recurrences were followed up over a period of 20 years. Clinical symptoms CT-results at relapse are represented. Serum prolactin level (PRL) was determined before and after surgical and radiotherapy of PRL-producing adenomas. In these cases PRL can be accepted as a tumour marker. 13 patients with relapsed hypophysomas received local irradiation (5.7 MeV linear accelerator) after recurrence operation. An individual comparison in the same patient between surgical therapy alone and combined surgical and radiotherapy was possible. Based on the obtained experience with this combined treatment a therapy scheme using combined surgery and radiotherapy in pituitary tumours is suggested.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 79 (2000), S. 114-118 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Hodgkin's disease ; Hypothyroidism ; Radiotherapy ; Chemotherapy ; Thyroid function
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  Thyroid disease, especially hypothyroidism, is one of the more frequently encountered late endocrine sequelae of treatment for Hodgkin's disease. We analyzed the thyroid function of 177 patients (92 male and 85 female) who had been treated for Hodgkin's disease between 1970 and 1995; their median age was 38 years (range 18–74) and their median time after therapy was 6 years (range 1–20). Thirty-five (20%) patients were treated with chemotherapy alone (mainly COPP/ABVD), 44 (25%) with radiotherapy (RTX) alone, and 98 (55%) received combined modality treatment according to the protocols of the German Hodgkin's Disease Study Group. All patients had been without evidence of disease for at least 1 year. They were evaluated between 1994 and 1997 for thyroid disease by clinical examination, thyroid function tests, and ultrasound imaging if indicated. Overall, 48 patients (27%) were found to have subclinical (36 patients, 20%) or overt (12 patients, 7%) hypothyroidism. No patient in the group treated with chemotherapy alone developed hypothyroidism, in contrast to 15 of 44 (34%) patients treated with radiotherapy alone and 33 of 98 (34%) patients treated with the combined modality approach who did. All patients with hypothyroidism had received some form of supradiaphragmatic radiation except one patient who underwent infradiaphragmatic RTX but with preceding hemithyroidectomy for staging purposes. After an average follow-up of 6 years, 27% of patients treated for Hodgkin's disease with either radiotherapy alone or a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy developed hypothyroidism. Supradiaphragmatic radiation, but not the use of chemotherapy alone, is associated with an increased risk for hypothyroidism. Evaluation of thyroid function after therapy is important, and appropriate substitution medication should be initiated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 50 (1979), S. 117-125 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Medulloblastoma ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Twenty-eight children with medulloblastoma (19 boys and 9 girls) were treated at the Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiotherapy in Essen between 1969 and 1977, and were followed prospectively after surgical treatment and postoperative irradiation. Because different radiation techniques had been used, these patients were divided into two groups, one given a limited irradiation volume and the other irradiation of the entire central nervous system. The results obtained in the former group were inferior to those in the latter. All living patients in the second group are in good condition. Special attention is paid to the technique of irradiation and the factors which may influence prognosis. Even after the relatively short follow up period of one to five years, it may be concluded that high-dose irradiation of the entire central nervous system considerably improved the prognosis of medulloblastoma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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