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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Chronische Veneninsuffizienz ; Kutane Mikrozirkulation ; Niederfrequenter gepulster Strom ; Ulcus cruris ; Key words Chronic venous insufficiency ; Cutaneous microcirculation ; Low frequency pulsed current ; Venous leg ulcer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is characterised by stage-dependent microangiopathy. With increasing severity there is a decrease in the number of skin capillaries and the oxygen partial pressure. The cutaneous vascular reserve, which is measured by laser-doppler fluxmetry, is reduced. Cutaneous microangiopathy is one of the main causes of the trophic disturbances associated with CVI. Low frequency pulsed current improves cutaneous microcirculation and thus nutrition as well as accelerating the formation of granulation tissue. In a open prospective pilot study, 15 patients suffering from CVI with persistent leg ulcers were treated with low frequency pulsed current (Dermapulse), which is thought to improve particularly the tissue microcirculation. The average age of the patients was 70.3 years and the average duration of ulceration was 79.1 months. The patients were treated over a period of 38 days. With this treatmen, 2 ulcers healed completely and 13 showed a reduction of size of on average 63%. Capillary density increased by 43.5%, while transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure increased by 82.4%. Electrostimulation is a treatment with few or no side effects.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die chronische Veneninsuffizienz (CVI) ist gekennzeichnet durch eine stadienabhängige Mikroangiographie. Mit zunehmendem Schweregrad verringern sich die Anzahl der Hautkapillaren, der Sauerstoffpartialdruck und die kutane vaskuläre Reserve, die durch den Laser-Doppler-Flux gemessen wird, nehmen ab. Diese kutane Mikroangiographie gehört zu den Hauptursachen für die bei der CVI auftretenden trophischen Störungen. Die Therapie mit niederfrequentem gepulstem Strom verbessert die kutane Mikrozirkulation bzw. Nutrition und beschleunigt die Ausbildung von Granulationsgewebe. Die klinische Wertigkeit dieses Therapieprinzipes zur Behandlung chronisch venöser Beinulzera wurde in einer offenen prospektiven Pilotstudie evaluiert. Es wurden 15 Patienten mit niederfrequentem gepulstem Strom (Dermapulse) behandelt. Das mittlere Alter betrug 70,3 Jahre. Bei einer durchschnittlichen Ulkusdauer von 79,1 Monaten wurden die Patienten über eine Zeitdauer von 38 Tagen im Rahmen einer Anwendungsstudie behandelt. Unter dieser Behandlung zeigte sich bei 2 Patienten eine Ulkusabheilung, bei 13 Patienten eine Ulkusverkleinerung um 63%. Die Kapillardichte nahm um 43,5% zu, der transkutane Sauerstoffpartialdruck stieg um 82,4%. Die Elektrostimulationsbehandlung erwies sich dabei als nebenwirkungsarme Behandlungsmethode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 6 (1976), S. 391-406 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: social behavior ; genetic analysis ; evolution ; developmental genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The genetics of social behavior presents special difficulties because the phenotype is the product of an interaction between two or more individuals. Social interactions are of two kinds: (1) cooperative, in which the probabilities of transmission of the genes of all participants are similarly affected by the outcome, and (2) agonistic, in which the probabilities for the participants are affected in opposite directions. The latter are of particular interest for evolutionary theory. Three major types of designs for measuring social behavior in genetic experiments are available: (1) homogeneous sets, (2) standard tester and (3) tester panel representing a reference population. The advantages and limitations of each method are discussed. Important areas for future development include the relationship of genetic and experiential factors in early life to social status as an adult and the extension of the genetic analysis of social behavior to natural populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 26 (1996), S. 463-470 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mice ; agonistic behavior ; aggression ; homogeneous set ; standard tester ; social behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Though social behavior has not been overlooked by behavior geneticists, the number of studies is small when compared to those on individual traits. One reason for the neglect may be the difficulty of making connections between genes and social behaviors, which by definition involve the interaction of two or more organisms. Fuller and Hahn (1976) addressed this issue and described three means of establishing social groups that would facilitate genetic analysis. We survey the literature on agonistic behavior in mice from 1976 through 1994 and describe interesting uses of those three methods. One of those methods (the standard tester design) often employs a “noninteractive” social partner. We present data showing that the standard tester design may be more valuable when using an evocative and interactive standard tester.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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