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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aging Decreases the Sensitivity of Rat Cortical Synaptosomes to Calcium Ionophore-Induced Acetylcholine Release (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 47 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The capacity of calcium ions to trigger acetylcholine release was studied in cerebral cortical synaptosomes from adult (6-month-old) and senescent (24-month-old) rats, using a calcium ionophore, A23187, that bypasses voltage-sensitive calcium channels. The potency but not the efficacy of the A23187 was reduced with respect to releasing acetylcholine (ACh) in the aged animals. There was no age-related difference in the synthesis of ACh or potency of the ionophore with respect to increasing 45calcium uptake. These results suggest that aging reduces the sensitivity of cerebral cortical nerve terminals to calcium-triggered ACh-release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00746.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Acetylethylcholine Mustard on [3H]Quinuclidinyl Benzilate Binding and Acetylcholine Release in Rat Brain Synaptosomes (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 48 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The effects of acetylethylcholine mustard and its aziridinium derivative (AMMA) on acetylcholine (ACh) release and [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) binding were studied in rat cortical synaptosomes. After incubation for 5 min at 37°C, AMMA reduced [3H]QNB binding with an IC50 of 9 μM. Following incubation for 5 min with 50 μM AMMA and washing, there was a 62% reduction in the [3H]QNB binding capacity with no change in the KD value for the remaining receptors, a result indicating the irrevers-ibility of the AMMA binding. AMMA and oxotremorine both reduced the basal and 30 mM K+-induced release of newly synthesized [3H]ACh in dose-dependent manners over a 2.5-min period. At identical 50 μM concentrations, AMMA produced a much longer inhibition of basal [3H]ACh release than oxotremorine did. The inhibition of basal and 30 mM K+-induced [3H]ACh release by AMMA (10–250 μM) was blocked by 2 μM atropine during a 2.5-min release incubation, but not during a 30-min release in cubation. After synaptosomes were treated with 50 μM AMMA for 5 min and the unbound drug was washed out from the tissue, [3H]ACh release (basal and K+-induced) was reduced. AMMA (50 μM) reduced high-affinity choline uptake and ACh synthesis by 〉90% in this tissue, but these effects did not account for the [3H]ACh release inhibition, because (a) they were not atropine sensitive and (b) hemi-cholinium-3 had no effect on [3H]ACh release under the conditions used in these studies, i.e., after extracellular [3H]choline was washed out. Taken together, these results suggest that AMMA may be an irreversible agonist at pre-synaptic muscarinic autoreceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb04117.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic force microscopy of a CoCr thin film (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 6001-6006 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present high-resolution magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images of a Co80Cr20 film with a thickness of 230 nm. We clearly observe a stripe domain structure with a domain width of 220 nm, the highest resolution of a periodic magnetic structure measured by MFM to this date, by measuring forces as small as 0.1 nN. The micromagnetic structure is compared to the morphology of the sample, which consists of vertical columns with an average cross section of about 40×60 nm2. The average surface roughness of this film did not exceed 12 nm on a 1-μm lateral scale. A magnetic fine structure of typically 50 nm width and more than 200 nm length is observed. Theoretical calculations of force traces are in reasonable agreement with experiment. A nonuniform sample magnetization, correlated to the morphology, has to be assumed to simulate the observed fine structure of force traces. Calculated images characteristically depend on the effective domain structure of the last 500 nm of the tip.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343628
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of magnetic forces by the atomic force microscope (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 4293-4295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a new way to observe the surface domain distribution of a magnetic sample at a submicrometer scale. This magnetic microscopy is based on the idea of measuring magnetic forces with the recently developed atomic force microscope (AFM). We study the magnetic forces involved in the interaction between a single-domain microtip and the sample surface magnetic domains. The influence of the experimental conditions on the performance of the AFM as a magnetic profiling device is also discussed. Preliminary experimental results are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339105
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the AgBr(111) and AgBr(100) surface by means of atomic force microscopy (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 4243-4247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: For the first time, atomic force microscope measurements on the (111) and (100) surfaces of AgBr crystals are reported. We could image steps of varying sizes ranging from 0.9 nm to several nm. The lateral orientation of these steps could be determined by comparison with x-ray measurements. On the (100) surface, steps with the low index orientations 〈011¯〉 and 〈011〉 were observed. On the (111), surface steps were mainly oriented in the 〈12¯1〉 and 〈11¯0〉 directions. The most evident difference between these surfaces was that on the (111) surface no crossing steps occurred. This observation will be discussed in relation to the adsorption of dye aggregates on these crystals, which is of great importance for photographic emulsion technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343964
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic imaging by atomic force microscope (invited) (abstract) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 2947-2947 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new method of imaging the surface of magnetic samples on a submicron scale is described and the observation of magnetic domain walls is presented. Measurements in air on a Co-Ni recording media, polycrystalline Ni foil and rapidly quenched alloys are shown. This magnetic microscope is based on the idea of measuring magnetic forces with the recently developed atomic force microscope (AFM). Forces acting on a tip are recorded by the measurement of the deflection of a lever to which this tip is attached. In order to measure ultra small forces (less than nN), the spring constant of the lever has to be small and the deflection of the lever has to be measured with great sensitivity, i.e., by using interferometry or scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The lever is made from ferromagnetic Ni foil with an integrated, electrochemically etched tip. Different measuring modes of the AFM are described. The images obtained by the AFM using a para- or ferromagnetic tip and by the STM are compared. Furthermore, the results obtained by the magnetic AFM on Co-Ni recording media are compared with previous studies by scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340936
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface resistance of YBa2Cu3O7 films on SrTiO3 and LaGaO3 substrates (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 914-916 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Surface resistance measurements of films of YBa2Cu3O7 deposited onto single-crystal substrates of LaGaO3 and SrTiO3 have been made at a frequency of 22 GHz. The measurements were made in either a copper or niobium cavity by replacing the end wall with the superconducting film. Typical surface resistance at 20 K are 1–2 mΩ for films on LaGaO3 and 6–8 mΩ for films on SrTiO3, as measured in the copper cavity. The LaGaO3 values lie within the sensitivity range of the Cu cavity (∼2 mΩ) and can only be considered upper limits. Similar measurements in a Nb superconducting cavity resulted in a surface resistance value of 0.2±0.1 mΩ at 4 K for the best LaGaO3-based film. This value is more than an order of magnitude lower than Cu, and suggests that LaGaO3-based films may offer immediate advantages in a number of applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101621
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of hydrogenated amorphous carbon coatings for magnetic data storage media by atomic force microscopy (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 1624-1626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of hydrogenated amorphous carbon for magnetic data storage media have been examined by atomic force microscopy. The topography of several coatings has been imaged with a lateral resolution of a few nanometers. Histograms of the height distribution and rms values have been calculated to characterize the roughness of the surfaces quantitatively. Variations of these microscopic properties could be related to changes in the macroscopic behavior like friction and wear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102218
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of bacteria present within unfertilized salmon eggs at the time of spawning and their possible relation to early lifestage disease (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The eggs of 30 female chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawvtscha (Walbaum), were collected at spawning. Some eggs from each fish were collected for bacteriologic study. Two salmon produced eggs judged to be of poor quality which were not used. The remaining 28 of the 30 groups of eggs were fertilized from a single sperm pool and the eggs incubated in separate groups. Mortality data on the developing salmon were recorded regularly through the twelfth week on feed. Unfertilized eggs from each group were surface-disinfected with an iodine solution, then crushed and subjected to a culture procedure designed to permit growth of as many bacterial types as possible. Bacteria were cultured and identified, and a comparison made of the types of organisms present in eggs from groups which later incurred high or low mortalities. Bacteria were recovered from both groups of salmon eggs. Although no single organism could be identified as a cause of increased mortality, the more frequent occurrence in the eggs of the ‘high mortality’ group of species of Vibrio, Listeria, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus suggests that these bacteria may play a role. It is suggested that the cause of so-called early lifestage disease of salmon is multifactorial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1987.tb01061.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 114 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb04076.x
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