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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 6 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ultrastructural findings in two cases of Hashimoto's disease and two cases of focal lymphocytic thyroiditis are reported. Stimulated thyrocytes, oncocytes and degenerating thyrocytes were observed in all cases. Multinucleated thyrocytes and epithelial pseudogiant cells were identified in Hashimoto's disease only. Infiltrating lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes and macrophages were present in all cases. The ultrastructure of germinal centres was similar to that seen in lymphatic organs. Giant cells of both intra- and extrafollicular localization were seen in Hashimoto's disease. Most of the giant cells were macrophage-derived. Two different ways of giant cell formation were identified: besides the familiar dissolution of plasma membranes of adjacent macrophages, another mechanism of fusion was observed. At sites of contact, peculiar membrane structures were developed and disintegration of plasma membranes occurred in parts adjacent to these structures. These are not identical to desmosomes and are different from Langerhans’ granules. They probably represent special organelles for the initiation of cellular fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 12 (1956), S. 109-111 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary After injection of a high dose of 5-hydroxytryptamine into rats, the blood reveals a strong increase of the blood platelets and a definite decrease of the eosinophiles. The maxima of increase and decrease are in temporal accordance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 402 (1984), S. 439-450 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Atypical germ cells ; Carcinoma in situ of the testis ; Normal germ cells ; Ultrastructure ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is uncertain whether the so called intratubular atypical germ cells (carcinoma in situ cells) demonstrable in the testicular tissue around different germ cell tumors and in testicular biopsies of patients with impaired fertility are identical with regard to their morphology and further development. Thus atypical germ cells of 18 patients with testicular germ cell tumors and of 3 patients with atypical germ cells in testicular biopsies without tumor were studied by electron microscopy and/or by immunohistochemistry. The atypical germ cells show characteristic alterations distinguishing them from normal germ cells, especially spermatogonia. However, there are no differences between atypical germ cells in the above mentioned groups. Immunohistochemical reactions are negative with anti-alpha-fetoprotein and anti-beta-human-chorionic-gonadotropin, but 6 of the 15 cases are positive with antiferritin. However, this positive reaction occurs in cases in different diagnostic groups. Atypical germ cells of the different groups cannot be distinguished by electron microscopy or immunohistochemical methods, but further investigations vestigations, including cell cultures, may provide more information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 337 (1964), S. 547-554 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary From four cases of our own and from typical observations in the literature, especially those of the original paper byRiedel, it is postulated that Riedel's struma might be primarily an arteritic process with a generalized fibrosis of the soft tissues of the neck. This assumption is supported by the typical fibrous adhesions found between the thyroid and the structures surrounding it, especially with the cervical blood vessels, by the inflammatory involvement of the blood vessels themselves, and by the extension of the inflammatory changes along the connective tissue septae. The vascular inflammation resembles Takayasu's arteritis. The fibrosis of the soft parts of the neck is equivalent to the processes seen in the mediastinum and retroperitoneum as part of the so-called Ormond's syndrome. Consequently, Riedel's struma, Ormond's syndrome, and Takayasu's arteritis are related to one another. Cases are known in which these three rare diseases occurred together.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Anhand von vier eigenen Fällen und von typischen Beobachtungen der Literatur, wobei insbesondere auch die Originalarbeit vonRiedel Berücksichtigung findet, wird die Möglichkeit in Betracht gezogen, daß es sich bei der eisenharten Struma Riedel primär um einen arteriitischen Prozeß und eine generalisierte Fibrose der Halsweichteile handeln könnte. Für diese Annahme sprechen die typischen Verwachsungen der Schilddrüse mit den umliegenden Organen, insbesondere auch mit den Halsgefäßen, die entzündliche Gefäßbeteiligung selbst sowie die Ausbreitung der entzündlichen Veränderungen entlang der Bindegewebssepten. Die Gefäßentzündung gleicht der Takayasuschen Arteriitis, die Fibrose der Halsweichteile den entsprechenden Prozessen im Mediastinum und Retroperitoneum im Rahmen des sog. Ormondschen Syndromes. Eisenharte Struma Riedel, Ormondsches Syndrom und Takayasusche Arteriitis werden deshalb miteinander in Zusammenhang gebracht. Kombinationsfälle dieser drei seltenen Erkrankungen sind bekannt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 338 (1965), S. 332-338 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The two most commonly applied methods for counting the argentaffine cells in the gastro-intestinal tract are compared in a series of 27 cases, including also stenosing tumors of the colon, and the encountered advantages and disadvantages are also compared with each other. The counting of a certain number of longitudinally sectioned crypts yields the most reliable values. The other method, the counting of cells in measured areas of the mucous membrane of identical lengths, is especially useful for the comparative examination of various staining methods in consecutive sections. In the large bowel the number of argentaffine cells increases towards the rectum, where the largest number is found. Regarding the distribution of the argentaffine cells and the melanosis pigmentation. No noticeable differences are found proximal and distal to the stenosing colon tumors. The findings obtained by the various staining methods run parallel with one other.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die beiden für die Auszählung der argentaffinen Zellen im Verdauungstrakt am häufigsten verwendeten Auszählmethoden werden an einer Serie von 27 Fällen mit zum Teil stenosierenden Dickdarmtumoren miteinander verglichen und die dabei gefundenen Vor- und Nachteile gegeneinander abgewogen. Dabei ergibt die Auszählung einer bestimmten Anzahl längsgetroffener Krypten die zuverlässigeren Werte. Die andere Methode, die Auszählung der Zellen in ausgemessenen Schleimhautabschnitten einer bestimmten Länge eignet sieh besonders für die vergleichende Untersuchung verschiedener Färbemethoden an aufeinanderfolgenden ] Schnitten. Im Dickdarm nimmt die Zahl der argentaffinen Zellen gegen das Rectum zu, um hier die höchsten Werte zu erreichen. Proximal und distal der stenosierenden Dickdarmtumoren fallen an der Verteilung der argentaffinen Zellen und des Melanosepigmentes keine Unterschiede auf. Die mit den verschiedenen Färbemethoden erzielten Werte verlaufen einander parallel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 357 (1972), S. 281-298 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die besonderen Erscheinungsformen intrakranieller Keimzellgeschwülste werden an 11 Fällen des Institutes für Pathologische Anatomie der Universität Zürich demonstriert. Bei 2 Fällen handelt es sich um reine Teratome verschiedenen Differenzierungsgrades, bei 8 Fällen um seminomartige Tumoren. Eine Geschwulst ist als Kombination eines Teratoms mit einem Seminom aufzufassen. Bei einem der 8 Patienten mit rein seminomartigen Tumoren bestand als Besonderheit eine multizentrische seminomartige Geschwulst in der Suprasellärgegend und im Mediastinum. Die histologischen Bilder der verschiedenen intrakraniellen Keimzellgeschwülste und die relative Häufigkeit der einzelnen Tumorformen entsprechen weitgehend denjenigen gleichartiger Geschwülste des Hodens. Die Tumoren lassen sich deshalb ohne Schwierigkeiten nach dem Klassifikationsschema für Hodengeschwülste von Collins und Pugh einordnen. Die seminomartigen intrakraniellen Geschwülste sind mit dem „anisomorphen Pinealom“ von Zülch identisch. Die kleinzellige Komponente derartiger Tumoren ist als entzündliche Reaktion zu interpretieren, zeigt sie doch die gleichen Erscheinungsformen wie bei den Seminomen des Hodens. Die Intensität der entzündlichen Reaktion scheint gewisse Rückschlüsse auf die Malignität der Geschwülste zu erlauben.
    Notes: Summary The special problems of intracranial germ cell tumors are demonstrated and discussed with reference to a series of 11 cases from the Institute of Pathological Anatomy of the University of Zürich. 2 cases had pure teratomas varying in the degree of differentiation, 8 had seminoma-like tumors, and in 1 case there was a mixture of seminoma-like tumor and teratoma. One of the eight cases with seminoma-like tumor showed a multicentric seminoma-like tumor partly in the suprasellar region, partly in the mediastinum. The histological pattern of intracranial germ cell tumors and their relative frequency are in keeping with those of such tumors in the testes. Therefore, the classification of Collins and Pugh can be applied without difficulty. The seminoma-like intracranial tumors are identical to the anisomorphic pinealoma described by Zülch. The small cell component of the tumor is thought to be an inflammatory reaction and shows the same pattern as in seminoma of the testis. The intensity of the inflammation, especially the epitheloid cell reaction, may be related to the malignancy of the tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 364 (1974), S. 93-110 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 19 “endodermal sinus tumors” of infantile testes and 5 analogous testicular tumors in adults were studied. The histopathology and prognosis of these cases are shown. As Teilum postulated, the “endodermal sinus tumor” should be a unilaterally developed teratoma mimicking embryonal yolk sac tissue. The histology seems to confirm that this tumor type is of teratomatous genesis. In one tumor specimen two dermoid cysts were found. Despite the characteristic morphology of the tumor tissue a histogenetic interpretation is not yet possible. A comparison of human embryonal yolk sac does not show any similarity to the tumor tissue. The term EDST is therefore not appropriate. In childhood the clinical course of the EDST is relatively good, although the tumor has to be classified as an undifferentiated teratoma. At present, 12 of the 19 children with EDST are alive and without recurrences from 7 months to 26 years after orchidectomy. In one of these patients a solitary lung metastasis wag diagnosed 2 1/4 years after operation and was removed by a lobectomy. In 7 children recurrences occurred within one year. None survived the third postoperative year. Our cases and a review of the literature show that the prognosis is aggravated by the length of symptom duration and with increasing age. Both factors may be related. In adults the clinical course is poor and may correspond to usual forms of undifferentiated teratomas in this age group. Only one of the 5 adults is alive and without metastasis 6 years after surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 371 (1976), S. 331-350 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Islet cell tumors ; Insulinomas ; Gastrinomas ; Staining characteristics ; Immunohistology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer ersten Untersuchungsserie werden die Färbeeigenschaften, insbesondere die Argyrophilie und Metachromasie, normaler endokriner, immunologisch identifizierter Zellen der Pankreasinsel und der Gastroduodenalmukosa untersucht. In einem zweiten Schritt werden diese Färbeeigenschaften an Insulinomen und Gastrinomen geprüft. Während die normalen B-Zellen mit Aldehydfuchsin und Pseudoisozyanin positiv und generell nicht argyrophil nach Grimelius reagieren, lassen sich die neoplastischen B-Zellen nur unregelmäßig mit den konventionellen Methoden anfärben. Sie enthalten aber häufig argyrophile Strukturen. Immunhistologisch kommen praktisch in allen gutartigen Insulinomen reichlich, in den metastasierenden Formen dagegen kaum insulinhaltige Zellen zur Darstellung. Die Malignome weisen jedoch eine besonders ausgeprägte Grimelius-Argyrophilie auf. Die Tumorzellen von Gastrinomen sind wie normale G-Zellen Grimelius-argyrophil, bzw. leicht metachromatisch und lassen sich nur ausnahmsweise wie A1-Zellen mit der Methode von Hellerström versilbern. Trotz der großen Zahl von Grimelius-positiven Tumorzellen reagieren meist nur wenige mit Antigastrinserum. Dennoch ist die Immunhistologie die zuverlässigste Methode für die Diagnose von Gastrinomen. Die Elektronenmikroskopie liefert dagegen oft schwer interpretierbare Resultate, da in Gastrinomen ähnlich wie in undifferenzierten oder malignen Insulinomen vorwiegend atypische Sekretgranula vorhanden Scin können.
    Notes: Summary In a first step of our investigation the staining characteristics, especially the argyrophilia and metachromasia, of immunohistologically identified endocrine cells of the pancreatic islets and of the gastroduodenal mucosa were tested. These staining characteristics were then examined on insulinomas and gastrinomas. Contrary to normal B cells which generally react positively with aldehyde fuchsin and pseudoisocyanine but not argyrophilic with the Grimelius method, the neoplastic B cells give inconsistent results with conventional staining methods. Yet neoplastic B cells often show argyrophilic structures. Immunohistologically, most benign insulinomas are rich in insulin-containing cells, whereas in malignant types such cells are rare. The carcinomas, however, show a typical and distinct Grimelius argyrophilia. The tumor cells of gastrinomas are Grimelius argyrophilic and slightly metachromatic, as normal G cells, yet, contrary to A1 cells, they are only exceptionally stainable with the Hellerström method. Despite the great number of Grimelius positive tumor cells, generally only a few reacted with antigastrin serum. Nevertheless, the immunohistology is the most reliable method for the diagnosis of gastrinomas. Electron microscopic results are often difficult to interpret, since gastrinomas, as well as undifferentiated or malignant insulinomas, may predominantly contain atypical secretion granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 400 (1983), S. 53-59 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid ; Mixed medullary and follicular pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report a case of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid which on light microscopy showed not only the well known arrangement of cells in sheets and nests but also unequivocal follicular structures. These follicular structures are present both in the primary tumor and in lymph node metastases. Immunohistochemical investigations revealed that the cells lining the follicles produce thyroglobulin, whereas the remaining tumor tissue is positive for calcitonin and carcinoembrionic antigen. This case represents a medullary carcinoma of the thyroid with an atypical pattern consisting of both thyroglobulin and calcitonin producing cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 401 (1983), S. 177-184 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Malignant hemangioendothelioma of the thyroid ; Factor VIII-related antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty-six malignant hemangioendotheliomas of the thyroid were examined immunohistochemically using antibody probes to factor VIII-related antigen in order to reevaluate the histogenesis of this neoplasia. The 36 cases were reclassified according to their light microscopic features without prior knowledge of the immunohistochemical results. Three different tumor types were discerned: Group I: classical hemangioendotheliomas (20 cases); Group II: borderline cases between malignant hemangioendotheliomas and anaplastic carcinomas (14 cases) and Group III: anaplastic carcinomas with hemangio-endotheliomatous features (2 cases). Factor VIII-related antigen could be demonstrated in 12 (60%) tumors of group I, 3 (21%) tumors of group II and in neither tumor of group III. Five control cases with the typical histological picture of anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid were negative for factor VIII-related antigen. The results of our study suggest that at least part of the tumors termed as malignant hemangioendotheliomas are in fact derived from endothelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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