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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Role Of Angiotensin II Receptors In The Regulation Of Vasomotor Neurons In The Ventrolateral Medulla (2002)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 1. There is a high density of angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptors in various brain regions involved in cardiovascular regulation. The present review will focus on the role of AT1 receptors in regulating the activity of sympathetic premotor neurons in the rostral part of the ventrolateral medulla (VLM), which are known to play a pivotal role in the tonic and phasic regulation of sympathetic vasomotor activity and arterial pressure.2. Microinjection of angiotensin (Ang) II into the rostral VLM (RVLM) results in an increase in arterial pressure and sympathetic vasomotor activity. These effects are blocked by prior application of losartan, a selective AT1 receptor antagonist, indicating that they are mediated by AT1 receptors. However, microinjection of AngII into the RVLM has no detectable effect on respiratory activity, indicating that AT1 receptors are selectively or even exclusively associated with vasomotor neurons in this region.3. Under normal conditions in anaesthetized animals, AT1 receptors do not appear to contribute significantly to the generation of resting tonic activity in RVLM sympathoexcitatory neurons. However, recent studies suggest that they contribute significantly to the tonic activity of these neurons under certain conditions, such as salt deprivation or heart failure, or in spontaneously hypertensive or genetically modified rats in which the endogenous levels of AngII are increased or in which AT1 receptors are upregulated.4. Recent evidence also indicates that AT1 receptors play an important role in mediating phasic excitatory inputs to RVLM sympathoexcitatory neurons in response to activation of some neurons within the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. The physiological conditions that lead to activation of these AT1 receptor-mediated inputs are unknown. Further studies are also required to determine the cellular mechanisms of action of AngII in the RVLM and its interactions with other neurotransmitters in that region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03658.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    What Drives The Tonic Activity Of Presympathetic Neurons In The Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla? (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 1. The present review discusses the mechanisms that maintain the tonic activity of presympathetic cardiovascular neurons in the rostral part of the ventrolateral medulla.2. Experimental evidence is reviewed that indicates that these neurons receive both tonic excitatory and tonic inhibitory synaptic inputs. The former appear to be mediated, at least in part, by glutamate receptors and the latter appear to be mediated by GABA receptors.3. There is also evidence that these neurons have the capacity to generate action potentials in the absence of synaptic inputs. However, at present, there is not clear evidence that such an intrinsic pacemaker-like mechanism contributes to the tonic activity of these neurons under normal resting conditions.4. These neurons are also chemosensitive and this may contribute to their tonic activation under conditions of hypoxia or hypercapnia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03375.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    HYPOTENSIVE EFFECTS OF A NEW TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR CLONIDINE (M-5041T) IN SPONTANEOUSLY AND RENAL HYPERTENSIVE RATS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 1. Antihypertensive effects of a new transdermal delivery system for clonidine (clonidine tape; M-50417) were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), 2-kidney, 1-clip renal hypertensive rats (RHR) and deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt (DOCA/Salt) hypertensive rats.2. M-5041T (0.5–4.5 mg/kg) elicited long-lasting hypotensive effects and bradycardia in a dose-dependent manner during 24 h patching in three hypertensive models compared with oral clonidine (100 μg/kg).3. The most hypotensive effect of M-5041T was observed in DOCA/salt hypertensive rats.4. Co-administration of M-5041T with either trichloromethiazide (1 mg/kg, orally) or nifedipine (3 mg/kg, orally) at each dose without hypotensive effects per se induced significant hypotension in SHR.5. Repeated administrations of M-5041T (1.5 mg/kg per day) for a consecutive 7 days produced significant hypotensive effects at postpatching 6 h, and recovered a postpatching 24 h in SHR.6. Repetitive M-5041T administrations displayed no tolerance on the hypotensive effects and were devoid of any withdrawal syndrome.7. These findings suggest that M-5041T may serve as an efficiently useful antihypertensive transdermal delivery system in humans.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02960.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Central Mechanisms Underlying Short- And Long-Term Regulation Of The Cardiovascular System (2002)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Asia Pty. Ltd.
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 1. Sympathetic vasomotor nerves play a major role in determining the level of arterial blood pressure and the distribution of cardiac output. The present review will discuss briefly the central regulatory mechanisms that control the sympathetic outflow to the cardiovascular system in the short and long term.2. In the short term, the sympathetic vasomotor outflow is regulated by: (i) homeostatic feedback mechanisms, such as the baroreceptor or chemoreceptor reflexes; or (ii) feed-forward mechanisms that evoke cardiovascular changes as part of more complex behavioural responses.3. The essential central pathways that subserve the baroreceptor reflex and, to a lesser extent, other cardiovascular reflexes, have been identified by studies in both anaesthetized and conscious animals. A critical component of these pathways is a group of neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla that project directly to the spinal sympathetic outflow and that receive inputs from both peripheral receptors and higher centres in the brain.4. Much less is known about the central pathways subserving feed-forward or ‘central command’ responses, such as the cardiovascular changes that occur during exercise or that are evoked by a threatening or alerting stimulus. However, recent evidence indicates that the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a critical component of the pathways mediating the cardiovascular response to an acute alerting stimulus.5. Long-term sustained changes in sympathetic vasomotor activity occur under both physiological conditions (e.g. a change in salt intake) and pathophysiological conditions (e.g. heart failure). There is evidence that the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus is a critical component of the pathways mediating these changes.6. Understanding the central mechanisms involved in the long-term regulation of sympathetic activity and blood pressure is a major challenge for the future. As a working hypothesis, a model is presented of the postulated central mechanisms that result in sustained changes in sympathetic vasomotor activity that are evoked by different types of chronic stimulation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03640.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cyst-like lesion of a developing tooth induced by mandibular fracture (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 13 (1997), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A dentigerous cyst-like formation in the lower canine region caused by mandibular fracture in a 10-year-old boy is reported. His medical history revealed that he had been unconscious for about 2 weeks after traumatic head injuries sustained in a traffic accident, and a complicated mandibular fracture had been left untreated until his dentist diagnosed the lesion. Eleven months after trauma, a dentigerous cyst measuring 20 mm in diameter was found in the fracture area. The lesion was enucleated and the boy's postoperative recovery was uneventful. The mass completely enveloped the developing canine, and epithelial cells proliferated into the connective tissue. However, there was no distinct epithelial lining. Small round cell infiltrations and several vessels with thrombosis were noted in the cyst wall. The cause of cyst formation was considered to be infection of the canine tooth bud and the surrounding soft tissue.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1997.tb00060.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Recent progress in geologic application of airborne and spaceborne remote sensing
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Advances in Space Research 13 (1993), S. 15-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0273-1177
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0273-1177(93)90197-J
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Application of the high resolution SEM to the fine structure study of polyethylene
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Micron (1969) 9 (1978), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0047-7206
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-7206(78)90024-9
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fatigue notch sensitivity of steel blunt-notched specimens (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The notch sensitivity of three steels with similar plain fatigue limits was analysed and modelled. The analysis was made by using a model previously derived which estimated the fatigue limit of blunt notched components by means of the parameter ktd defined as the stress concentration introduced by the notch at a distance d from the notch root surface equal to the distance between microstructural barriers. The analyses show how the first two or three microstructural barriers define the fatigue limit and the fatigue notch sensitivity of blunt notched specimens.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2002.00532.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Purification of bone morphogenetic protein derived from bovine bone matrix
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 165 (1989), S. 595-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(89)80008-7
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Purification of bone morphogenetic protein derived from bovine bone matrix
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 165 (1989), S. 595-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(89)80008-7
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