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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurement of refractive indices of fibers with regular or irregular transverse sections and having a skin-core structure (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 2950-2954 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Multiple-beam Fizeau fringes crossing fibers of different cross-sectional shapes and having a skin-core structure are studied to determine the refractive indices of the two layers. These fibers are of circular, rectangular, triangular, trilobal, elliptical, kidney, and dog-bone cross-sectional shapes. The area enclosed under the fringe shift is considered to represent the optical path difference integrated across the fiber. This method is suitable for the measurement of refractive indices of fibers of regular or irregular transverse sections. This method is applied to nylon 6 fibers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142187
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurement of refractive indices of homogeneous fibers with regular or irregular transverse sections (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2639-2642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Seven fibers of different cross-sectional shape are studied interferometrically using multiple-beam Fizeau fringes. These fibers are of circular, rectangular, triangular, trilobal, elliptical, kidney, and dog-bone cross-sectional shapes. The areas enclosed under the interference fringe shift is considered to represent the optical path difference integrated across the fiber. This principal is applied to nylon 6 fibers of trilobal cross-sectional shape. The described method is suitable for the measurement of refractive indices of any fiber with regular or irregular transverse sections. Microinterferograms are given for illustration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346488
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The hot compaction of polyethylene terephthalate (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 615-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract A process is described for the successful compaction of polyethylene terephthalate fibres. The measurement of mechanical properties shows that a very high proportion of the original fibre properties are retained and that the compacted samples have a good degree of coherence. Electron microscopy studies of suitably etched samples reveals the effect of the compaction temperature on the structure of the compacted samples.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356319
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differential melting in compacted high-modulus melt-spun polyethylene fibres (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 601-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The compaction of high-modulus melt-spun polyethylene fibres has been investigated for compaction temperatures above the optimum. After such treatment the specimens are liable to be non-uniform because of differential melting. Individual compacted fibres are observed to melt not only from the outside inwards, but also in certain internal regions, depending upon the availability of local free volume. The regions of different stability have been identified and inferences drawn concerning the structure of the initial fibres. It is suggested in particular that the longitudinal regions of deficit density (which exhibit cratering in transverse sections and melt before their surroundings) are a result of initial crystallization occurring within a rigid framework inside the fibre, possibly nucleated on a strained molecular network. The presence of banded recrystallization around residual fibres demonstrates that this phenomenon develops via interaction of neighbouring lamellae as they grow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356317
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Compaction of high-modulus melt-spun polyethylene fibres at temperatures above and below the optimum (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 4694-4699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract In the process of hot compaction developed at the University of Leeds, high-modulus fibres are compacted to form coherent thick-section products with stiffnesses unobtainable by current processing techniques. Using high-modulus polyethylene fibres (trade name TENFOR) produced by the melt-spinning/hot-drawing route as the starting material, it was discovered that under optimum conditions of pressure and temperature it is possible controllably to melt a small proportion of each fibre. On cooling, this molten material recrystallizes to bind the structure together and fill all the interstitial voids in the sample, leading to a substantial retention of the original fibre properties. For a hexagonal close-packed array of cylinders, only 10% of melted material is needed for this purpose. If the compaction temperature is too low, there is insufficient melt to fill the interstices, the fibres deform into polygonal shapes, and insufficient transverse strength is developed. Above the optimum temperature, the proportion of melt increases, causing the stiffness of the composite to be reduced. The recrystallization of the melt is nucleated on the oriented fibres, giving similarly oriented cylindrulitic growth. Where the regions of melt are large enough, and cooling sufficiently rapid, development away from the nucleus is accompanied by a cooperative rotation in chain orientation, analogous to banding in spherulites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356511
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    1-Opto-thermal properties of fibers annealing effect on the birefringence variations of polyester fibers (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 555-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Schlagwort(e): polyester ; annealing ; birefringence ; mechanical loss factor ; orientation ; density ; crystalline ; profile ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Polyester (Egyptian) fibers were annealed at constant temperature (190°C) with different annealing times. Density, crystallinity, mean square density fluctuation, mechanical loss factor, and molecular orientation were calculated. Densities and mechanical loss factor were determined using an acoustic method. Changes in the molecular orientation were evaluated from the resulting optical data using the polarizing Pluta interference microscope. Correlation of data obtained by one method with another leads to relational changes in optothermal properties and in the molecular orientation. Changes of refractive index profiles of annealed PET fibers are provided. Illustrations using graphs and microinterferograms are shown. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 555-565, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The color of absorbing scattering fibers having skin-core structure (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 723-729 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: A treatment of the color of fabrics is proposed that is an extension of the Allen and Goldfinger approach to the prediction of the color of absorbing scattering substrates. Here, a model of isotropic cylindrical fibers of a skin-core structure in a parallel array is assumed. Using the proposed model, the spectral reflectance curves of ring dye and uniform dye samples are calculated. Their tristimulas values and the color difference between them are calculated to study the effect of ring distribution of dye in the fiber on color of fabric. Refractive indices of undyed and dyed polyester fibers are measured using the Pluta polarizing interference microscope. Illustration are given by microinterferograms.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070450419
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