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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1952-1955 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A CuO/MgO epitaxial artificially superstructured film [CuO(50 A(ring))/MgO(40 A(ring))]40 was successfully grown and its structure was studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The film was found to have a texture in which the (111) planes of monoclinic CuO and the (001) planes of cubic MgO were layered perpendicular to the film plane. Its lateral structure was revealed by precession photographs where the CuO [101¯] axis is oriented approximately along the MgO [100] axis in the film plane. The XRD pattern, observed over a wide range of scattering vectors perpendicular to the film plane, was carefully analyzed by an extended step model. The fluctuation of the superlattice period was estimated to be as small as 1 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6241-6243 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The crystallization process and magnetic properties of Fe–P–C–Cu–Ge–Si amorphous alloys were investigated. After annealing above the crystallization temperature, the bcc Fe particles, with nanoscale grain size, precipitated in the amorphous alloy for a wide P concentration range. The volume ratio of the bcc Fe phase to amorphous was about 30%. The mixed phase of these alloys shows a drastic decrease of coercive force (Hc) and particle diameter (d) as P concentration increases. The lowest Hc was obtained for Fe78P16C2Cu0.5Ge3Si0.5, and Hc and d were 1.8 A/m and 16 nm, respectively. Observation by in situ Lorentz scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the width of magnetic domains were 0.01 or 0.1 mm and the domain walls with smaller bcc Fe particles moved in a weaker magnetic field than those with larger ones. So the low Hc is attributed to the decrease of magnetocrystalline anisotropy caused by fine structures. The core loss of fine crystalline Fe–P–C–Cu–Si–Mo alloy, W14/50, was 0.22 W/kg after annealing under a magnetic field of 2.4 kA/m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Elastic and thermal properties of Au/Ni superlattices have been investigated by x-ray diffraction on a synchrotron radiation source at the Photon Factory. An elastic response of [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 to hydrostatic pressure generated by a diamond anvil cell has been measured in the layer-stacking direction. Its compressibility obtained from the pressure dependence of its superlattice period (Λ vs P) shows an anomalously small value compared with either bulk Au or Ni metal. Linear thermal expansions has also been measured by a similar method (Λ vs T). A significant anisotropic behavior between the layer-stacking and in-plane direction was found in both [Au(10 A(ring))/Ni(10 A(ring))]50 and [Au(4 A(ring))/Ni(4 A(ring))]210.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 1401-1403 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A ZnSe/ZnSSe blue semiconductor laser was demonstrated to show very low threshold by direct photopumping of the ZnSe active layer. The lowest threshold at the excitation wavelength of 445 nm was 10 kW/cm2 at 300 K which is equivalent to the current density of 3.6 kA/cm2. This is the lowest threshold ever reported in II-VI photopumped lasers and is approaching the theoretically calculated threshold. The characteristic temperature of the threshold, which characterizes the temperature dependence of the threshold in the exponential form, was 124 K up to the measured 400 K and was comparable to III-V double-heterostructure lasers. The differential quantum efficiency remained the similar level up to 400 K and its decrease observed at 400 K was within 23% of the efficiency at 300 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In order to obtain reliable data on d values and integrated intensities, an imaging plate (IP) has been applied to high-pressure diffraction experiments with a diamond anvil cell using synchrotron radiation. The IP was found to be more effective than a conventional x-ray film by a factor of 30, and more effective than an energy dispersive method by several times. In order to integrate the intensity data on the IP, a histogram method was successfully developed. This combination proved to give a lattice constant with relative accuracy of 2×10−4, and observed integrated intensities which excellently agree with calculated ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Mast cell ; Compound 48/80 ; Ultrastructure ; Quick-freezing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructure of mast cells stimulated with compound 48/80 was examined by quick-freezing and deep-etching (QF-DE) or freeze-substitution (QF-FS) methods. Peritoneal cells including mast cells of adult male rats were stimulated in vitro with compound 48/80 at 17° C for 0, 10, 30, 60 or 180 s. The QF-DE replicas revealed that the mast cells stimulated with compound 48/80 for 30 s decreased filamentous actin around secretory granules. In the QF-FS specimens, perigranular membranes in mast cells stimulated for 60 s formed pentalaminar structures between adjacent granules in their cytoplasm prior to degranulation. These findings suggest that preparatory states for degranulation occur in the whole cytoplasm of stimulated mast cells at early stages. Moreover, both QF-FS specimens and QF-DE replicas revealed a compact morphological appearance of discharged granules in the extra-cellular space, indicating the existence of considerable content within the granules. Skeletal structures in the granules were also demonstrated on QF-DE replicas prepared after extracting soluble elements from the cytoplasm. It is suggested that the granular contents associated with the skeletal structures are gradually detached from the discharged granules to ensure local concentration in the tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Mast cell ; Quick-freezing ; Compound 48/80 ; X-ray microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract X-ray microanalysis was performed on rat mast cells prepared by quick-freezing, cryosectioning and freeze-drying (QF-FD) method, or quick-freezing and freeze-substitution (QF-FS) method. Peritoneal cells including mast cells were stimulated with compound 48/80 for 0, 10 or 30 s at 17° C, and the mast cells stimulated for 30 s started exocytosis. In X-ray spectra of the QF-FD specimen, mast cells stimulated for 10 s increased their levels of phosphorus, sodium and chlorine in the intergranular cytoplasm prior to exocytosis, and kept this increase until 30 s after stimulation. In the QF-FS specimen, where soluble elements were removed, peaks of phosphorus, sulphur and potassium could be detected as elements in X-ray spectra. Phosphorus increased and potassium decreased in intergranular cytoplasm of mast cells stimulated for 10 s, and these changes became more obvious after 30 s. However, supplemental increase of other cations such as sodium could not be detected in the QF-FS specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 26 (1992), S. 279-287 
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The acoustic emissions (AEs) under partially compression were monitored with two softwood and one hardwood specimens in very eary stages of decay by a brown- and a white-rot fungus. Even slightly decayed specimens emitted AEs immediately after beginning of loading, typically when partial compression stress was applied to brown-rotted wood with the flat-headed attachment. With sound specimens of three wood species, only a few AEs were generated until the load reached at the proportional limit. These results suggest that AE monitoring will be one of the feasible means to detect the incipient stages of decay in a field test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Arteriovenous malformations ; Embolisation ; Guide wire ; Minicatheter ; Progressive suppleness pursil catheter ; Superselective catheterisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract For safe, more definitive embolisation of arteriovenous malformations, improved selectivity of the catheter is desirable. This report describes the advantage of the combined use of a progressive suppleness pursil catheter and a hydrophilic polymer-coated guide wire, together with precaution against complications. In 14 patients, 27 vessels were catheterised with this. Chemical embolisation using oestrogen alcohol and polyvinyl acetate was carried out only if sufficiencytly superselective catheterization was achieved with negative results on a provocation test. Chemical embolisation was successful in 25 vessels, but in three vessels catheterised very distally, it required much more time to withdraw the catheter because of the friction between it and the wall of the vessel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 56-58 (Jan. 1991), p. 481-485 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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