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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss of 8Li recoil nuclei in 7Li(d,p)8Li and implications on the 7Be(p,γ )8B cross section (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 3 (1998), S. 1-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:26.20.+f Hydrostatic stellar nucleosynthesis – 25.60.Dz Interaction and reaction cross sections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The loss of 8Li recoil nuclei in 7Li(d,p)8Li has been measured using different backings and 7LiF target thicknesses as well as different deuteron energies. The results confirm essentially recent TRIM calculations. The losses are large (about 13%) for the combination of thin targets and heavy backings at E d=0.80 MeV and increase with decreasing deuteron energy. The implications on the cross sections for 7Li(d,p)8Li and 7Be(p,γ)8B are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050141
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatitis C virus RNA in serum and liver histology in asymptomatic anti-HCV positive subjects (1995)
    Springer
    Infection 23 (1995), S. 33-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei asymptomatischen, anti-HCV positiven Personen mit andauernd normalen oder leicht (das heißt ≤1,5 fach über der oberen Normgrenze) liegenden Serum ALT-Spiegeln wurden die HCV-RNA im Serum, Leberhistologie und das RIBA-II-Muster untersucht. Bei 22 asymptomatischen, anti-HCV positiven Personen (11 Männern und 11 Frauen im mittleren Alter von 40; Bereich 21–70 Jahren) wurde eine Leberbiopsie durchgeführt und HCV-RNA im Serum bestimmt. Der Nachweis von anti-HCV wurde mit ELISA-2 und RIBA-II-Tests geführt. Die HCV-RNA im Serum wurde mittels PCR bestimmt. Unsere Untersuchungen zeigten, 1.) daß 9/22 asymptomatischen, anti-HCV-positiven Personen histologische Zeichen einer chronischen Lebererkrankung mit fortbestehender HCV-Infektion hatten. 2.) Vier Personen hatten keine histologischen Zeichen einer chronischen Hepatitis und normale Serum-ALT-Spiegel trotz Nachweises von HCV-RNA im Serum. 3.) Die ALT-Spiegel im Serum unterschieden HCV-RNA positive Personen mit chronischer Hepatitis nicht von denjenigen ohne chronische Hepatitis. 4.) Bei anti-HCV positiven Personen mit normalen ALT-Spiegeln ist ein positiver RIBA-II Test nicht immer mit einer HCV-Virämie oder einer chronischen Hepatitis assoziiert. Bei unklarem RIBA-II-Muster bestanden häufig unspezifische Leberveränderungen oder ein normaler histologischer Befund. „Wirklich“ gesunde Träger von HCV (das heißt, Personen mit normalem Serum ALT-Spiegel, ohne histologische Zeichen einer chronischen Hepatitis trotz HCV Virämie) können folglich vorkommen.
    Notes: Summary This study was designed to evaluate serum HCV-RNA, liver histology, and RIBA-II pattern in asymptomatic anti-HCV positive subjects with persistently normal or slightly (i.e. ≤1.5 times the upper limit of the normal range) elevated serum ALT levels. To this purpose, 22 asymptomatic anti-HCV positive subjects (11 men and 11 women, median age 40, range 21–70 years) underwent liver biopsy and determination of serum HCV-RNA. Positivity for anti-HCV was determined by ELISA-2 and by RIBA-II. Serum HCV-RNA was determined by PCR. Our data show that: 1) 9/22 symptom-free, anti-HCV positive subjects had histological features of chronic liver disease associated with ongoing HCV infection; 2) four subjects had no histological signs of chronic hepatitis and normal serum ALT levels despite positivity for serum HCV-RNA; 3) serum ALT levels did not discriminate HCV-RNA positive subjects with from those without chronic hepatitis; 4) in anti-HCV positive subjects with normal serum ALT levels, a positive RIBA-II pattern was not always predictive of HCV viraemia or chronic hepatitis while an indeterminate RIBA-II pattern was frequently associated with nonspecific liver changes or normal histology. In conclusion, based on these findings, “true” healthy carriers of HCV (i.e. subjects with normal serum ALT levels and no histological features of chronic hepatitis despite HCV viraemia) may exist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01710055
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the household contacts of patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease (1994)
    Springer
    Infection 22 (1994), S. 183-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Bedeutung der Familie als Faktor für die Ausbreitung der HCV-Infektion wird immer noch kontrovers diskutiert. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde versucht, die Prävalenz anti-HCV-positiver Fälle unter den häuslichen Kontaktpersonen von Patienten mit HCV-assoziierter chronischer Hepatitis zu bestimmen. Nahezu alle Kontaktpersonen von 113 Personen mit anti-HCV-positiver Hepatitis (100/113 Ehegatten, 260/290 Kinder) wurden untersucht. Für die Bestimmung von anti-HCV wurde ELISA-II mit Bestätigung durch RIBA II eingesetzt. 27% der Ehegatten und 1,9% der Kinder erwiesen sich als anti-HCV-positiv. Bei den Gatten korrelierte die Prävalenz der anti-HCV-Positivität mit der Dauer der Ehe. Bei 17/32 (53,1%) der anti-HCV-positiven Personen wurde eine chronische Hepatitis aufgedeckt. Diese Studie gibt Hinweise auf eine vorwiegend horizontale Übertragung der HCV-Infektion zwischen Ehegatten und eine positive Korrelation zwischen Übertragung und Dauer der Ehe.
    Notes: Summary It is still controversial whether the familial environment plays a role in the diffusion of HCV infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anti-HCV positivity in the household contacts of patients with HCV-related chronic hepatitis. Nearly all the household contacts of 113 subjects with anti-HCV+ chronic hepatitis (100/113 spouses and 260/290 children) were investigated. Anti-HCV was determined by means of ELISA II and was confirmed by RIBA II. Anti-HCV positivity was found in 27% of the spouses and in 1.9% of the children. Prevalence of anti-HCV positivity in spouses correlated positively with the duration of the marital status. Seventeen/32 (53.1%) of anti-HCV-positive subjects were found to have chronic hepatitis. This study indicates that intrafamilial diffusion of HCV infection is mostly accounted for by horizontal, in particular spouse to spouse, transmission and that spouse to spouse transmission of HCV infection correlates positively with the duration of marital status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01716699
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine H2-receptor antagonists stimulate proliferation but not migration of human gastric mucosal cellsin vitro (1996)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 41 (1996), S. 972-978 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: roxatidine ; ranitidine ; MKN 28 ; cell proliferation ; cell migration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gastric mucosal cell migration and proliferation are crucial events in the repair of gastric mucosal erosions. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the H2 blockers roxatidine and ranitidine might stimulate migration and proliferation of gastric mucous cells derived from a human well-differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (MKN 28 cells)in vitro, in conditions independent of systemic factors and of acid inhibition. Confluent monolayers of MKN 28 cells were wounded with a razor blade and were then incubated with roxatidine or ranitidine. The number of cells migrating to the damaged area was determined 24 hr later. Cell proliferation was assessed by means of [3H]thymidine uptake and cell counts after incubation with roxatidine or ranitidine. Neither H2 antagonist significantly stimulated cell migration. On the other hand, cell proliferation was dose-dependently and significantly enhanced by incubation with roxatidine and ranitidine. Exogenous administration of TGF-α significantly stimulated MKN 28 cell division. However, incubation with roxatidine or ranitidine did not increase the steady-state mRNA expression of TGF-α or EGFR as assessed by northern blot analysis. Based on thesein vitro findings, we postulate that the ulcer healing effect of these H2 antagonistsin vivo might be due in part to stimulation of gastric mucosal cell proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02091539
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The adrenocortical stress-response of Black-legged Kittiwake chicks in relation to dietary restrictions (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 169 (1999), S. 303-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Corticosterone ; Testosterone ; Food-stress ; Nest-bound chicks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study we examined hormonal responses of Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissatridactyla) chicks to experimental variations in energy content and nutritional quality (low or high lipid to protein ratio, LPR) of their food. Starting at the age of 10 days, chicks were fed either high or low LPR fish at 30, 50, 70 and 100% of ad libitum energy intake. After 20 days of treatment, chicks were exposed to a standardized acute handling and restraint stress protocol, where a baseline sample was taken immediately after taking a chick from the nest, and three additional blood samples were taken at intervals up to 50 min. Testosterone and corticosterone titres in plasma were measured via radioimmunoassay. We found that baseline testosterone levels were not significantly affected by the experimental treatments. Food-restricted chicks had elevated baseline and acute stress-induced levels of corticosterone compared to chicks fed ad libitum. An elevation of circulating levels of corticosterone in energetically stressed individuals was further magnified by low nutritional quality of food. Baseline and acute stress-induced corticosterone levels of chicks were negatively correlated with their fat reserves. We conclude that the physiological condition of Black-legged Kittiwake chicks can be assessed reliably by measuring circulating levels of corticosterone. We discuss short- and long-term effects of elevated corticosterone secretion in food-stressed nest-bound chicks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600050225
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection against acute paraquat toxicity by ambroxol (1991)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 5 (1991), S. 25-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary One of the earliest biochemical effects induced by the herbicide paraquat (PQ) is damage to type II pneumocytes with consequent depletion of surfactant (Skillrud and Martin, 1984). We made a series of studies on the possible protective effect of drug ambroxol, which induces surfactant synthesis from alveolar type II cells (Post et al. 1983). The cell line A-549, exposedin vitro to PQ concentrations ranging from 0.5×10-4 to 2×10-3 M, showed a significant dose-dependent loss of viability. Ambroxol (10 mg/ml) pretreated cells were more resistant to PQ, their viability starting to decrease from a PQ concentration of 0.8×10-3 M. Membrane microviscosity was measured on the same cells. Cells treated with PQ alone showed a reduction of membrane microviscosity which was significantly counteracted by ambroxol pretreatment. The curves for membrane microviscosity of PQ and ambroxol-plus-PQ-treated cells overlapped those for cell viability, indicating that the stimulation of surfactant synthesisin vitro may be a prerequisite for counteracting some of the precocious effects of PQ. Partial protection from PQ- induced mortality was also obtainedin vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00736800
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of cell survival in CD95-induced T cell apoptosis: role of NF-κB/Rel transcription factors (1999)
    Springer
    Apoptosis 4 (1999), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-675X
    Keywords: Apoptosis ; CD95 (Fas/APO-1) ; NF-κB/Rel ; T lymphocytes.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The activity of NF-κB/Rel transcription factors can inhibit the apoptosis induced by TNF, UV or cancer therapy drugs in a number of cell types, including human T lymphocytes. Furthermore, the NF-κB/Rel inducer, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), has been reported to suppress the CD95-induced apoptosis of human T lymphocytes. To verify whether the survival-enhancing effect of PMA required NF-κB/Rel activity, we generated two Jurkat cell sublines (AL.7 and AL.8) transfected with a pCMV4-IκBα construct, and two (AL.3 and AL.5) with the void pCMV4 vector. Compared to wild type, AL.3 and AL.5 cells, the AL.7 and AL.8 sublines displayed markedly lower amounts of NF-κB/Rel nuclear complexes and a reduced expression of a κB-controlled CAT reporter gene after 1 and 4 h of incubation with PMA, respectively. All the five cell types displayed negligible levels of apoptosis when cultured with medium or PMA alone; when stimulated with the mAb CH-11, the AL.7 and AL.8 sublines displayed apoptotic responses only slightly (〈0.5 fold) higher than control cells. On the other hand, the salvage activity of PMA was partially impaired in the AL.7 and AL.8 sublines. PMA inhibited apoptosis by 〉85% in wild type, AL.3 and AL.5 cells and by 〈60% in the AL.7 and AL.8 sublines; the apoptosis percentages in the mAb CH-11 + PMA cultures of the IκBα-transfected cells were 〉4-fold higher than in control cells. We conclude that the inhibition of the CD95-induced apoptosis by PMA relies on both NF-κB/Rel-dependent and -independent mechanisms. The partial contribution of these nuclear factors to the suppression of apoptosis indicates that the NF-κB/Rel activity can influence the extent of the CD95-induced T cell death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009662606398
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical properties of poly-D( - )(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(epichlorohydrin) blends (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 43 (1992), S. 327-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die physikalischen Eigenschaften von Polymercompositen, die durch Mischung des kristallinen, bioabbaubaren und bioverträglichen Polymers Poly-D( - )(3-hydroxybutyrat) (PHB) mit nichtkristallinem, ataktischen Poly(epichlorhydrin) (PECH) erhalten wurden, werden untersucht. Die durch Eindampfen von Lösungen hergestellten PHB/PECH-Mischungen wurden mit Hilfe von thermomechanischen, röntgenographischen und viskolastischen Messungen sowie durch ihr Festigkeits- und Dehnungsverhalten charakterisiert. Aus den Ergebnissen wurde geschlossen, daß die kristallinen Bereiche des PHB die Rolle von Vernetzungen spielen, während das zwischen den kristallinen Bereichen befindliche amorphe PECH als Weichmacher wirkt. Ein einfacher dynamischer Verlustmodul, der der Glasübergangstemperatur entspricht, weist auf die Mischbarkeit des kristallinen PHB mit dem amorphen PECH hin.
    Notes: Physical properties of a new polymer blend obtained by mixing poly-D( - )(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a crystalline polymer with interesting properties of biodegradability and biocompatibility, with uncrystallizable atactic poly(epichlorohydrin) (PECH) were studied. PHB/PECH blends, obtained by casting solution, were analysed by thermomechanical and X-ray analysis, viscoelastic measurements, and on the basis of strength and elongation measurements. It was concluded that the crystalline region of PHB plays an important role of crosslinks, and amorphous PECH filled between the crystalline regions plays a role of plasticizer. A single dynamic loss modulus, corresponding to the glass transition temperature, implies the miscibility between crystalline PHB and amorphous PECH.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1992.010430606
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