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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adiponectin stimulates glucose utilization and fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 8 (2002), S. 1288-1295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Adiponectin (Ad) is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that regulates energy homeostasis and glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the signaling pathways that mediate the metabolic effects of Ad remain poorly identified. Here we show that phosphorylation and activation of the 5′-AMP-activated ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm788
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein in rat articular cartilage (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 196-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: PTHrP ; Articular cartilage ; Chondrocyte ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Expression and localization of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in rat articular cartilage during fetal and postnatal periods were investigated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. PHTrP displayed distinct distribution and intensity of staining at different ages. In fetal (18-day-old) and young (3-week-old) rats, articular chondrocytes expressed abundant PTHrP throughout the entire thickness of cartilage. In contrast, in 60-week-old rats, PTHrP was expressed in a few articular chondrocytes of superficial and middle layers. Regulation of PTHrP and PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA was also studied in cultured rat articular chondrocytes. Northern blot analysis revealed that both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an important stimulator for chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) stimulated the expression of PTHrP mRNA with down-regulation of its receptor mRNA. In contrast, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) down-regulated the expression of receptor without changes of PTHrP mRNA level. These results suggest that the changes in abundance and localization of PTHrP and its receptor may be directly involved in the cell growth and differentiation of articular cartilage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310258
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aciculin and its relation to dystrophin: immunocytochemical studies in human normal and Duchenne dystrophy quadriceps muscles (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 99 (2000), S. 654-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Aciculin ; Dystrophin ; Binding site ; Normal and dystrophic muscles ; Ultrastructural ¶localization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aciculin is a novel adherens junction antigen extracted from human uterine smooth muscle that is reported to associate biochemically with dystrophin. We attempted to determine (i) the immunostainability of anti-aciculin antibody for the 6 histochemically normal human muscles and seven muscles from boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD) and 11 disease control muscles, (ii) the ultrastructural localization of aciculin in normal skeletal myofibers, (iii) aciculin’s spacial relationship with dystrophin and β-spectrin, and (iv) if the aciculin is ultrastructurally colocalized with dystrophin, the distance from the aciculin epitope to the epitope of the dystrophin N- or C-terminal domain. For this, rabbit anti-aciculin antibody was generated against the synthetic peptide of aciculin fragment D [4]. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the immunostainability of DMD muscles for anti-aciculin antibody was markedly decreased as compared with normal and disease control muscles. Single and double immunogold labeling electron microscopy of 6 histochemically normal human quadriceps femoris muscles revealed that aciculin was present along the inner surface of muscle plasma membrane and that aciculin formed doublets more frequently with dystrophin (23.5 ± 1.8%; group mean ± SE) than with β-spectrin (12.8 ± 1.1%; P 〈 0.01 two tailed t test). Rabbit anti-aciculin antibody frequently formed doublets with monoclonal antibodies against the N- or C-terminal domain of dystrophin at the muscle cell surface. These results suggest that aciculin is associated with dystrophin and may interact with both the N- and C-terminal domains of dystrophin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051176
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ruptured Distal Anterior Choroidal Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Casting Intraventricular Haemorrhage (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Anterior choroidal artery; peripheral aneurysm; intraventricular haemorrhage; choroid plexus cyst
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report describes a rare case of a distal anterior choroidal artery aneurysm which developed intraventricular haemorrhage without subarachnoid haemorrhage as shown on computerized tomographic (CT) scan. A 69-year-old hypertensive man suddenly became unconscious. An emergency CT scan showed a severe intraventricular haemorrhage and a small round low-dense lesion within the haematoma at the right trigone. The haematoma with obstructive hydrocephalus made the lateral ventricles larger on the right than on the left. CT scan could not detect any subarachnoid haemorrhage. Right interal carotid angiography revealed a saccular aneurysm at the plexal point of the right anterior choroidal artery. We approached the aneurysm and the small round lesion through the trigone via a right temporo-occipital corticotomy. We could clip the aneurysmal neck and remove the intraventricular haematoma and the papillary cystic mass (corresponding to the small round lesion on CT scan) totally in one sitting. Histological examination revealed the aneurysm to be a true one and the papillary cystic mass to be a choroid plexus cyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050082
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pravastatin on plasma and urinary mevalonate concentrations in subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia: a comparison of morning and evening administration (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 361-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Hypercholesterolaemia ; Pravastatin ; Mevalonate; cholesterol synthesis ; circadian rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine whether there is a difference in the effect of the hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor pravastatin on cholesterol synthesis between the morning and the evening, we studied the 24-h profile of mevalonate in plasma and urine in 11 subjects with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. In study 1, eight subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia took pravastatin (20 mg) once in the morning, and another 20-mg dose in the evening after a 1-week wash-out period. In study 2, five subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia took pravastatin (20 mg per day) in the morning on 3 consecutive days and on 3 days in the evening after a 1 day wash-out. Plasma mevalonate concentrations were reduced at 9 h and 5 h after pravastatin administration in the morning and the evening, respectively. Urinary mevalonate excretion was significantly reduced at 4–8 h after pravastatin administration in the morning (51 vs 19 nmol ⋅h−1) and at 4–16 h after pravastatin administration in the evening (56 vs 27 nmol ⋅h−1). Daily urinary mevalonate excretion was equally and significantly reduced by pravastatin in the morning or evening. In conclusion, we found that morning and evening administration of pravastatin caused equal reductions in plasma and urinary mevalonate concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050032
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pravastatin on plasma and urinary mevalonate concentrations in subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia: a comparison of morning and evening administration (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 361-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Hypercholesterolaemia ; Pravastatin ; Mevalonate ; cholesterol synthesis ; circadian rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine whether there is a difference in the effect of the hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor pravastatin on cholesterol synthesis between the morning and the evening, we studied the 24-h profile of mevalonate in plasma and urine in 11 subjects with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. In study 1, eight subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia took pravastatin (20 mg) once in the morning, and another 20-mg dose in the evening after a 1-week wash-out period. In study 2, five subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia took pravastatin (20 mg per day) in the morning on 3 consecutive days and on 3 days in the evening after a 1 day wash-out. Plasma mevalonate concentrations were reduced at 9 h and 5 h after pravastatin administration in the morning and the evening, respectively. Urinary mevalonate excretion was significantly reduced at 4–8 h after pravastatin administration in the morning (51 vs 19 nmol · h−1) and at 4–16 h after pravastatin administration in the evening (56 vs 27 nmol · h−1). Daily urinary mevalonate excretion was equally and significantly reduced by pravastatin in the morning or evening. In conclusion, we found that morning and evening administration of pravastatin caused equal reductions in plasma and urinary mevalonate concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203778
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental study on a wake behind a torus using the UVP monitor (1999)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 26 (1999), S. 197-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The flow around a torus has a complicated three-dimensional structure. Measuring the spatiotemporal field of velocity by means of conventional methods such as hot-wire anemometers and other one-point measuring instruments is thus difficult. Research is made on the spatiotemporal structure of the wake behind the torus by using a flow-visualizing technique and an ultrasonic velocity profile (UVP) monitor, in which two kinds of tori with different diameter ratios or solidity are set in a uniform flow with zero inclination and oblique postures. For the torus with zero inclination, there are two modes of flow structure according to the diameter ratio; at lower ratio, a disk mode is dominant, and at higher ratio, a ring wake mode appears. For the torus set with an oblique posture, the structure of the wake changes with respect to the oblique angle in a complicated fashion. The power spectra of the fluctuating velocities reveal an aspect of the character of this structural change. The Strouhal numbers estimated from the power spectra suggest that the flow patterns can be classified into four categories with respect to the oblique angle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050280
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two novel mutations of SURF1 in Leigh syndrome with cytochrome c oxidase deficiency (1999)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 105 (1999), S. 560-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is the most common cause of Leigh syndrome (LS). COX consists of ten nuclear-encoded and three mtDNA-encoded structural subunits. Although the nucleotide sequences of all 13 genes are known, no mutation was found in nuclear-encoded subunit genes of COX-deficiency patients. Zhu et al. (1998) and Tiranti et al. (1998) found nine mutations in the surfeit 1 (SURF1) gene in LS families with COX deficiency. The mouse surfeit gene cluster consists of six closely spaced housekeeping genes unrelated by sequence homology. Except for the Surf3 gene, the function is still not known. The juxtaposition of at least five of the surfeit genes is conserved between birds and mammals. We identified two novel mutations of SURF1 in a Japanese LS patient with COX deficiency using direct sequencing analysis. Firstly, a 2-bp deletion at nucleotide position 790 (790delAG) in exon 8 was found, which shifts the reading frame such that the mutant protein has a completely different amino acid sequence from codon 264 to the premature stop codon at 290. Secondly, we found a T-to-G transversion at nucleotide 820, resulting in the substitution of tyrosine by aspartic acid at codon 274 (Y274D). We also studied the parents' genes, and found that the Y274D mutation was in his father and the 790delAG mutation was in his mother heterozygously. Therefore, we concluded that the patient was a compound heterozygote with these mutations. These are the first pathogenetic SURF1 mutations identified in a Japanese family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900191
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stream response to subsidence from underground coal mining in central Utah (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 279-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Longwall mining ; Channel morphology ; Landslides ; Aquatic habitat ; Wasatch Plateau
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Short-term geomorphic and hydrologic effects of subsidence induced by longwall mining under Burnout Creek, Utah were evaluated. During the year after longwall mining, 0.3–1.5 m of subsidence was measured near impacted reaches of the mountain stream channel. The major channel changes that occurred in a 700-m reach of Burnout Creek that was subsided from 1992 to 1993 were: (1) increase in lengths of cascades and to a lesser extent glides; (2) increases in pool length, numbers and volumes; (3) increase in median particle diameter of bed sediment in pools; and (4) some constriction in channel geometry. Most of the changes appeared short-lived, with channel recovery approaching pre-mining conditions by 1994. In a 300-m reach of the South Fork that was subsided from 1993 to 1994, only channel constriction was observed, although any impacts on pool morphology may have been confounded by heavy grazing in the riparian reaches during the dry summer of 1994. Similar near-channel sedimentation and loss of pool volume between 1993 and 1994 were noted throughout Burnout Creek and in adjacent, unmined James Creek. Subsidence during the 3-year period had no effect on baseflows or near-channel landslides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050007
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structure of bovine morulae and blastocysts in vivo and in vitro (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 199 (1999), S. 519-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Morphology ; Embryo culture ; Lipid droplet ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The ultrastructure of bovine morulae and blastocysts developed from in vitro-matured and -fertilized oocytes in a serum-supplemented medium was compared with that of morulae and blastocysts collected non-surgically from superovulated cows. In the in vivo-derived morulae, two characteristic cells types could be identified by the electron-density of their cytoplasm and by their ultrastructural features. One type appeared light in color with low electron-dense cytoplasm. These cells were located in the peripheral layer of the cluster of blastomeres, possessed numerous cellular organelles such as mitochondria and Golgi apparatus and had microvilli projecting into the perivitelline space. The other cell type was distinguished by cytoplasm that stained more densely than that of the lighter-appearing cells. The darker-appearing cells generally possessed fewer organelles than the lighter cells, but many lysosome-like structures were present in the cytoplasm. The in vitro-developed morulae also contained two types of cells similar to those observed in the in vivo morulae. However, most of the in vitro-developed cells possessed numerous lipid droplets and contained fewer lysosome-like structures than the cells of the in vivo-derived morulae. The blastocysts, both in vivo and in vitro, showed a clear differentiation of trophoblast cells and inner cell mass (ICM)-cells. In the in vivo-derived blastocyst, the apical membrane of trophoblast cells was covered with large, numerous microvilli and well-developed junctional complexes were observed. Lipid droplets were present in the cytoplasm of trophoblast and ICM-cells but were not abundant. In vitro-developed blastocysts showed less well-developed junctional complexes between trophoblast cells, less well-developed apical microvilli on the trophoblast cells, and contained large numbers of lipid droplets. This accumulation of lipid droplets was higher in the trophoblast cells than in the ICM-cells. The zonae pellucidae of in vitro-developed embryos were thinner than that of the in vivo-derived embryos. This study demonstrates conspicuous differences in the ultrastructural features between the in vivo-derived and in vitro-developed embryos, suggesting that the ultrastructure may reflect the various physiological anomalies observed in previous studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050249
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