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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platelet-derived growth factor-B induces transformation of fibrocytes into spindle-shaped myofibroblasts in vivo (1998)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 109 (1998), S. 349-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has a targeted activity on mesenchymal cells, but the in vivo effects of PDGF are not well understood. We have applied about 3 μg of PDGF-A and PDGF-B on the differentiated chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 13-day-old chick embryos. After 1–3 days, specimens were evaluated macroscopically, histologically with semi- and ultrathin sections, and immunohistologically with antibodies against smooth muscle α-actin (αSMA), desmin, and fibronectin (FN). Proliferation studies were performed according to the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU)/anti-BrdU method. We did not observe effects of PDGF-A. PDGF-B induced proliferation of fibrocytes and their transformation into myofibroblasts. Bundles of spindle-shaped myofibroblasts accumulated beneath the chorionic epithelium. These cells were strongly positive for αSMA and FN, but negative for desmin. They possessed a well developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and bundles of microfilaments anchoring in the cell membrane. Our results suggest that PDGF-B is a ”transforming” growth factor with important functions during formation of granulation tissue which are closely comparable to the effects of the PDGF-B-like protein of simian sarcoma virus. PDGF-B also induced vascular alterations in the CAM, which, however, appeared to be a secondary effect. While the intra-chorionic capillaries were lost, an accumulation of small vessels positive for αSMA was observed. This indicates a function for PDGF-B during segregation of main vessels from a primary vascular plexus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050235
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic transformation of Cymbidium orchid by particle bombardment (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1999), S. 978-984 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Orchid ; Particle bombardment ; PLB ; Transformation ; Key terminologyProtocorm A small storage organ formed from the germinating embryo ; possessing an apical meristem and a leaf primordium ; protocorm-like body (PLB) A somatic protocorm derived from in vitro culture of apical or axillary bud meristems ; primary PLBs PLBs induced by culturing apical meristem-tips aseptically ; secondary PLBs PLBs formed on the surface of a primary PLB in culture ; proliferate PLBs PLBs proliferating on the surface of either primary or secondary PLBs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A protocol is presented for genetically engineering Cymbidium orchid using particle bombardment. This protocol enabled the routine transformation of orchid plants that were previously difficult to transform. Liquid culture was used to generate a large number of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) to be bombarded and to promote continued development of the bombarded meristematic tissue. Plasmid DNA (pKH200) carrying the GUS-INT and NPTII genes flanked by tobacco matrix attachment regions was introduced into the meristematic cells of PLBs by particle acceleration. The transformed PLBs were proliferated and selected for kanamycin resistance conferred by the introduced NPTII gene. Shoot regeneration was then induced from the kanamycin-resistant PLBs, and transgenic plantlets were produced. Both the kanamycin-resistant PLBs and regenerated shoots expressed the GUS-INT gene. The presence of the introduced gene in the transformed orchid plants was confirmed by PCR analysis, sequencing and Southern blot analysis of the PCR product. The recovered transgenic plants were established in soil and acclimatized in the greenhouse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050694
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NOS-like immunoreactive neurons express GABA-like immunoreactivity in rabbit and rat retinae (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 120 (1998), S. 109-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Nitric oxide synthase ; GABA ; Retina ; Rabbit ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In rabbit and rat retinae, wholemounted preparations and 40 μm thick vibratome sections were processed for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunoreactivity and consecutive semithin sections were immunostained with anti-NOS and anti-GABA antisera, respectively. Two types of NOS-labelled amacrine cells were identified: type 1 cells with larger somata were intensely stained, and type 2 cells with smaller somata were weakly stained. A few displaced amacrine cells also showed NOS-like immunoreactivity. All these NOS-like immunoreactive neurons also expressed GABA-like immunoreactivity. Thus, nitric-oxide-containing neurons might constitute a subpopulation of GABAergic neurons in rabbit and rat retinae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050383
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of Müller cells after increased intraocular pressure in the rat retina (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 121 (1998), S. 419-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Glial fibrillary acidic protein ; Müller cell ; Increased intraocular pressure ; Retina ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Using light microscopy and immunocytochemistry, we investigated the morphological changes of retinal tissues and the reaction of Müller cells in the ischemic rat retina induced by increasing intraocular pressure. At early stages (from 1 h to 24 h after reperfusion), cells in the ganglion cell layer and in the inner nuclear layer showed some degenerative changes, but at later stages (from 72 h to 4 weeks) marked degenerative changes occurred in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). At 4 weeks after reperfusion, the ONL was reduced to 1 or 2 cell layers. Immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) appeared in the endfeet and distal processes of Müller cells as of 1 h after reperfusion. GFAP immunoreactivity in Müller cells increased up to 2 weeks and then decreased at 4 weeks after reperfusion. Our findings suggest that Müller cells are involved in the pathophysiology of retinal ischemia through the expression of GFAP. The degree of GFAP expression in Müller cells closely correlated with that of the degeneration of retinal neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050476
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of diatoms in the surficial sediments of the Mangyung-Dongjin tidal flat, west coast of Korea (Eastern Yellow Sea) (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 122 (1995), S. 487-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between the distribution of benthic diatoms and sediment characteristics of the Mangyung-Dongjin tidal flat on the west coast of Korea was investigated during June and July 1988. Diatoms were collected from the upper 5 mm of sediments at 60 sites along eight transect lines running perpendicular to the shore line. Of the 371 taxa encountered in the study area, 88% were pennate diatoms. Genera represented by the greatest number of species were Navicula, Nitzschia, Amphora, Cocconeis, Fragilaria and Achnanthes. The most abundant species were Paralia sulcata, Navicula sp. #1, N. arenaria and Cymatosira belgica; all were broadly distributed across the tidal flats. The 60 sites could be assigned to eight clusters with respect to similarity in species composition. Discriminant analysis showed that separation cluster was primarily related to the mean grain size of the sediment. The species could not be separated into groups based on similarities in occurrence; a high degree of spatial overlap was observed. The preferences of the more abundant species for grain size were, therefore, analysed by plotting numerical abundance against mean grain size. There were at least four patterns: species groups could be associated with finegrained sediments, those of intermediate size and coarser sediments and the last group showed no discernible pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350883
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Al2O3-dispersed Cu Prepared by the Combustion Synthesized Powder (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 18 (1999), S. 67-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006633628227
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics and Sintering Behavior of Yttria Powders Synthesized by the Combustion Process (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 18 (1999), S. 411-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006609523568
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-labeling techniques demonstrate that rod bipolar cells are under GABAergic control in the inner plexiform layer of the rat retina (1998)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 292 (1998), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Retina ; Rod bipolar cells ; Amacrine cells ; Protein kinase C ; Glutamic acid decarboxylase ; GABA ; Synaptic circuitry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The synaptic connectivity between rod bipolar cells and GABAergic neurons in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the rat retina was studied using two immunocytochemical markers. Rod bipolar cells were stained with an antibody specific for protein kinase C (PKC, α isoenzyme), and GABAergic neurons were stained with an antiserum specific for glutamic-acid decarboxylase (GAD). Some amacrine cells were also labeled with the anti-PKC antiserum. All PKC-labeled amacrine cells examined showed GABA immunoreactivity, indicating that PKC-labeled amacrine cells constitute a subpopulation of GABAergic amacrine cells in the rat retina. A total of 150 ribbon synapses established by rod bipolar cells were observed in the IPL. One member of the postsynaptic dyads was always an unlabeled AII amacrine cell process, and the other belonged to an amacrine-cell process showing GAD immunoreactivity. The majority (n=92) (61.3%) of these processes made reciprocal synapses back to the axon terminals of rod bipolar cells. In addition, 78 conventional synapses onto rod bipolar axons were observed, and among them 52 (66.7%) were GAD-immunoreactive. Thus GABA provides the major inhibitory input to rod bipolar cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051030
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light- and electron-microscopic study of substance P-immunoreactive neurons in the guinea pig retina (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 261-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Amacrine cells ; Substance P ; Immunoreactivity ; Synaptic circuitry ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Substance P (SP) immunoreactivity in the guinea pig retina was studied by light and electron microscopy. The morphology and distribution of SP-immunoreactive neurons was defined by light microscopy. The SP-immunoreactive neurons formed one population of amacrine cells whose cell bodies were located in the proximal row of the inner nuclear layer. A single dendrite emerged from each soma and descended through the inner plexiform layer toward the ganglion cell layer. SP-immunoreactive processes ramified mainly in strata 4 and 5 of the inner plexiform layer. SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells were present at a higher density in the central region around the optic nerve head and at a lower density in the peripheral region of the retina. The synaptic connectivity of SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells was identified by electron microscopy. SP-labeled amacrine cell processes received synaptic inputs from other amacrine cell processes in all strata of the inner plexiform layer and from bipolar cell axon terminals in sublamina b of the same layer. The most frequent postsynaptic targets of SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells were the somata of ganglion cells and their dendrites in sublamina b of the inner plexiform layer. Amacrine cell processes were also postsynaptic to SP-immunoreactive neurons in this sublamina. No synaptic outputs onto the bipolar cells were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050423
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light- and electron-microscopic study of substance P-immunoreactive neurons in the guinea pig retina (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 281 (1995), S. 261-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Amacrine cells ; Substance P ; Immunore-activity ; Synaptic circuitry ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Substance P (SP) immunoreactivity in the guinea pig retina was studied by light and electron microscopy. The morphology and distribution of SP-immunoreactive neurons was defined by light microscopy. The SP-immunoreactive neurons formed one population of amacrine cells whose cell bodies were located in the proximal row of the inner nuclear layer. A single dendrite emerged from each soma and descended through the inner plexiform layer toward the ganglion cell layer. SP-immunoreactive processes ramified mainly in strata 4 and 5 of the inner plexiform layer. SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells were present at a higher density in the central region around the optic nerve head and at a lower density in the peripheral region of the retina. The synaptic connectivity of SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells was identified by electron microscopy. SP-labeled amacrine cell processes received synaptic inputs from other amacrine cell processes in all strata of the inner plexiform layer and from bipolar cell axon terminals in sublamina b of the same layer. The most frequent postsynaptic targets of SP-immunoreactive amacrine cells were the somata of ganglion cells and their dendrites in sublamina b of the inner plexiform layer. Amacrine cell processes were also postsynaptic to SP-immunoreactive neurons in this sublamina. No synaptic outputs onto the bipolar cells were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583395
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