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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of experimentally achieved DIII-D detached plasmas using the UEDGE code (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1967-1975 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The introduction of a divertor Thomson scattering system in DIII-D [J. Luxon et al., International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1986), p. 159] has enabled accurate determination of the plasma properties in the divertor region. Two plasma regimes are identified: detached and attached. The electron temperature in the detached regime is about 2 eV, much lower than 5–10 eV determined earlier. Fluid models of the DIII-D scrape-off layer plasma successfully reproduce many of the features of these two regimes, including the boundaries for transition between them. Detailed comparison between the results obtained from the fluid models and experiment suggest the models underestimate the spatial extent of the low-temperature region associated with the detached plasma mode. Low-temperature atomic physics processes that are not included in the present models may account for this discrepancy. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871993
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TiNx films with metallic behavior at high N/Ti ratios for better solar control windows (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 630-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using cathodic arc deposition with 700 eV nitrogen ion assistance, metallic response in TiNx thin films to at least N/Ti=1.3 is found. Metallic behavior is usually limited to N/Ti ratios just above 1.1. Defects are almost exclusively Ti vacancies which further enhances optical changes. The resulting large shift in onset of Drude reflection to longer wavelengths enhances the view, daylighting, and environmental performance of a coated window relative to stoichiometric TiN films on glass. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124463
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional atom probe field-ion microscopy observation of Cu/Co multilayer film structures (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 1125-1127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Focused ion-beam milling has been used to fabricate field-ion specimens from a multilayer film structure containing 100 repetitions of a (Cu2 nm/Co2 nm) bilayer deposited directly onto a planar substrate. The as-deposited films showed a magnetoresistance ratio of ∼5% over a 250 Oe range at room temperature, and a coercivity of ∼60 Oe. The magnetic data suggest that the films are coupled ferromagnetically. Successful field-ion specimen preparation has allowed the observation of these layers by field-ion imaging and three-dimensional atom probe compositional analysis. Examination of the multilayer images reveals that, in some regions, the layers are nonparallel, but the interfaces are chemically quite sharp, with a diffuse interface region of ∼3 atomic layers. In addition, in some areas adjacent cobalt layers appear to be in contact. The fact that the layers are wavy suggests that the ferromagnetic coupling may be a result of Néel "orange peel" type magnetostatic coupling between adjacent cobalt layers. The relatively high coercivity may be a result of the poor layer planarity leading to a high number of domain wall pinning sites. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122104
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substrate effects on GaN photoconductive detector performance (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 25-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: GaN photoconductive detectors were fabricated on three substrates: sapphire, SiC, and GaN-on-sapphire substrates. The undoped GaN was deposited on each substrate by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. The structural properties, as measured by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy, of the layers grown on GaN-on-sapphire and SiC were superior to those of the layers grown on sapphire. A corresponding improvement in optical response and sharpness of optical response of the photoconductive detectors was observed with improved material quality. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124265
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature operation of intermixed GaAs/AlGaAs gain coupled distributed feedback lasers (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 888-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Room-temperature gain coupled distributed feedback (GC-DFB) lasers have been realized by implantation induced intermixing in the GaAs/AlGaAs material system. The implantation dose has been systematically varied to realize GC-DFB lasers with different gain coupling coefficients due to different band-gap modulation of the active quantum wells. It is demonstrated that a band-gap modulation of 7 meV is sufficient to achieve a high single mode yield at room temperature. The results are discussed on the basis of calculations with the optical matrix theory. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114726
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The consistent application of Maxwell–Garnett effective medium theory to anisotropic composites (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 2221-2223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Maxwell–Garnett class of effective medium model applies if a representative cell can be found whose polarization vanishes upon insertion in the effective medium. For an anisotropic composite with randomly distributed ellipsoidal particles aligned along the principal axis, this leads to electrostatic restraints on the shape of such cells. It is shown that the cell boundary must have different depolarization factors to the inclusion within the cell. Practice is to equate them. A new physically correct ellipsometric modeling routine still with only two fitting parameters is demonstrated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118821
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metallization to asymmetric cladding separate confinement heterostructure lasers (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3847-3849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Annealed and nonannealed p-contact metallization for asymmetric cladding separate confinement heterostructure lasers with a thin p-cladding layer is reported. Ti–Au and annealed Ti–Pt–Au p-type contacts are demonstrated to improve the adhesion over a pure gold contact and allow annealing of the metallization to thin p-cladding laser structures at the expense of an increase in the optical loss. The increased optical loss is due to the decreased conductivity of titanium and platinum as compared to gold. As little as 10 A(ring) of titanium is adequate for an adhesion layer and only increases the optical loss by 1.6 cm −1 over a pure gold metallization which has an optical loss of 10.0 cm−1. A metallization of 15 A(ring) Ti−15 A(ring) Pt−1500 A(ring) Au is adequate for an anneal at 410 °C for 10 s and increases the optical loss by 7.0 cm −1. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115293
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis, prevention and management of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 103 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09790.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethics and research in anaesthesia (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.0617h.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of syntocinon on blood loss during first trimester suction curettage (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have studied 64 pregnant women (9 weeks gestation and greater undergoing elective vaginal termination of pregnancy.) They were allocated randomly to one of two groups to receive either 1 ml (10 units) of syntocinon or 1 ml of saline (placebo) after cervical dilatation. Anaesthesia was standardised and surgery was performed by a single blinded gynaecologist, who assessed the size of the uterus and graded uterine contractility. All patients received a Cervagem vaginal suppository 70-270 min before surgery. The volume of blood loss was calculated colorimetrically and found to be less than 100 ml in all patients. The median blood loss in the syntocinon group (n = 30) was 17.6 ml, (range 6.1-12.7) and was significantly less than that in the placebo group (n = 34), median blood loss 24.5ml, (range 6.7–94.3) (p = 0.02). Six patients in the saline group had unsatisfactory uterine contraction compared with none in the syntocinon group (p = 0.025).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb07797.x
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