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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of insulin secretion, but normal peripheral insulin sensitivity, in a patient with a malignant endocrine pancreatic tumour producing high amounts of an islet amyloid polypeptide-like molecule (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 843-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Amylin ; endocrine pancreatic tumour ; glucose tolerance ; insulin resistance ; islet amyloid polypeptide ; pancreatic islets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet amyloid polypeptide or amylin is a polypeptide secreted mainly from the pancreatic beta cells together with insulin upon stimulation. High levels of islet amyloid polypeptide have also been shown to increase the peripheral insulin resistance and consequently a role for islet amyloid polypeptide in the glucose homeostasis has been suggested. We have studied the glucose homeostasis in a patient with a malignant endocrine pancreatic tumour producing large amounts of an islet amyloid polypeptide-like molecule (about 400 times the upper reference level for islet amyloid polypeptide). This patient developed insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus shortly after the tumour diagnosis. Both intravenous and oral glucose tolerance tests revealed inhibited early responses in insulin and C-peptide release, but the insulin and C-peptide response to glucagon stimulation was less affected. Aneuglycaemic insulin clamp showed normal insulin-mediated glucose disposal. In vitro experiments, where isolated rat pancreatic islets were cultured with serum from the patient, showed a moderately decreased islet glucose oxidation rate and glucose-stimulated insulin release compared to islets cultured with serum from healthy subjects. However, culture of rat islets with normal human serum supplemented with synthetic rat islet amyloid polypeptide did not affect the glucose-stimulated insulin release. In conclusion, the observed effects show that the diabetic state in this patient was associated with an impaired glucose-stimulated insulin release but not with an increased peripheral insulin resistance. Thus, the results suggest that if islet amyloid polypeptide has diabetogenic effects they are more likely to be exerted at the level of insulin secretion than at the level of peripheral insulin sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400360
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between diastolic hypertension and myocardial morphology and function in elderly males with diabetes mellitus (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1603-1606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Non-insulin diabetes mellitus ; hypertension ; M-mode echocardiography ; heart function.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The existence of a distinct diabetic cardiomyopathy, characterized by a raised left ventricular mass, has previously been suggested. However, as diabetes mellitus is associated with both left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension a confounding effect of raised blood pressure in diabetic patients has to be considered. In the present cross-sectional study an echocardiographical examination was performed as part of a health screening survey in 582 males, aged 70 years. After the exclusion of subjects with coronary heart disease or those on regular antihypertensive treatment, 30 normotensive subjects with diabetes were compared with 10 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and a diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or more and 203 normotensive control subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Both groups with NIDDM showed a significantly increased left atrial diameter (4.4 ± 0.7 vs 4.0 ± 0.5 cm, p 〈 0.05) and an increased atrial component in diastole (A-wave, p 〈 0.01) compared to the control subjects. Left ventricular mass was, however, only marginally and not significantly elevated in the diabetic subjects when compared to the healthy control subjects (133 ± 19 and 133 ± 28 vs 128 ± 25 g/m2). Only in the subjects with concomitant diabetes and a raised blood pressure was the intraventricular septum significantly enlarged (p 〈 0.05). Thus, in the present sample no distinct diabetic cardiomyopathy with an increased left ventricular mass, independent of the influence of hypertension could be detected. The myocardial alterations in these diabetic males were restricted to an increased left atrial size and an impaired diastolic function. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 1603–1606]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050621
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limited benefit of treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with an aldose reductase inhibitor: a 24-week controlled trial (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; polyneuropathy ; sorbitol accumulation ; aldose reductase inhibitor ; clinical trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of the aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil, on symptomatic symmetrical diabetic polyneuropathy were studied during a 6-month period in a double-blind parallel group placebo-controlled trial. Twenty-seven patients received sorbinil and 28 placebo. The patients were assessed by clinical examination, neurophysiological measurements, sensory threshold determinations and tests of autonomic nerve function. No major clinical benefit was seen in the sorbiniltreated patients and no differences in sensory thresholds were observed. In three out of nine neurophysiological tests (motor nerve conduction velocity of the posterior tibial nerve, F-wave latency and sensory distal latency of the ulnar nerve) and one out of five tests of autonomic nerve function (heart rate variation during deep breathing) significant differences between the patient groups evolved in favour of sorbinil treatment. An overall evaluation of the temporal development of these and remaining neurophysiological and autonomic variables suggested a small but significant benefit from sorbinil treatment. There was no evidence of continuing improvement throughout the treatment period and beneficial effects observed were no greater than those seen in previous trials of considerably shorter treatment periods. It is concluded that sorbinil treatment results in some improvement in peripheral nerve function in symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy, but that the long-term effect may be of limited value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283137
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative Study from Drop-Tube Experiments and Ab-Initio Calculations of the Nucleation of the σ Phase in the Re-W and Re-Ta Systems during Solidification far from Equilibrium (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Journal of metastable and nanocrystalline materials Vol. 8 (May 2000), p. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1422-6375
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/43/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FJMNM.8.3.pdf
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative Study from Drop-Tube Experiments and Ab-Initio Calculations of the Nucleation of the σ Phase in the Re-W and Re-Ta Systems during Solidification far from Equilibrium (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 343-346 (May 2000), p. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/05/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.343-346.3.pdf
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of prazosin is associated with an increase of insulin sensitivity in obese patients with hypertension (1988)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 415-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Glucose tolerance ; hypertension ; insulin sensitivity ; lipids ; prazosin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to determine whether insulin sensitivity measured by the euglycaemic insulin clamp technique is lower in patients with primary hypertension than in matched healthy control subjects, and whether this sensitivity was affected after 12 weeks of antihypertensive treatment with the alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking drug prazosin. Twelve moderately obese normoglycaemic patients (four men), with hypertension not previously treated with pharmacological agents and diastolic blood pressure above 100 mm Hg, and 12 healthy matched control subjects participated. Supine blood pressure decreased 12/5 mmHg (p〈0.01) and standing blood pressure 14/9 mmHg (p=0.001) during prazosin treatment (mean dosage 5.3±1.6 mg/day (SD)). During euglycaemic insulin clamp studies the control subjects showed a higher mean glucose uptake than the untreated hypertensive patients (7.5±1.0 and 5.8±1.9 mg·kg b.w.−1·min−1, respectively, p〈0.01). During prazosin treatment there was no significant difference between the hypertensive patients and the control subjects in this respect (6.6±2.8 and 7.5±1.0, respectively, p=0.21). During prazosin treatment, however, the disappearance rate of glucose decreased during the intravenous glucose tolerance test (from 1.7±0.9 to 1.3±0.6, p〈0.02) and the area under the glucose concentration-time curve decreased by 38% (from 473±119 to 294±99, p〈0.001). The peak insulin concentration decreased from 55±35 to 46±32 mU/l (p〈0.006) and the area under the insulin concentration-time curve was suppressed by 38% (from 2368±1597 to 1479±940, p〈0.01). This study shows that treatment of moderately obese hypertensive patients with prazosin is associated with an increase of the insulin-mediated glucose disposal and a decrease of the insulin response to an intravenous glucose load.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271585
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The activity of β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase in the pancreatic islets of hyperglycaemic mice (1970)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 6 (1970), S. 526-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Hyperglycaemic syndrome of mice (NZO, obob) ; β-oxidation of fatty acids ; β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase ; islets of Langerhans ; liver, heart and skeletal muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'activité de laβ-hydroxyacyl-CoA déshydrogénase (EC 1.1.1.35.) a été mesurée, selon les principes de microtechniques de Lowry, dans les îlots et les acini pancréatiques, le foie, le muscle cardiaque et le muscle du squelette chez des souris de la souche obése de NouvelleZélande (NZO) et de la souche obése hyperglycémique (obob). L'enzyme dosé montrait la même dépendance du pH dans les îlots, le foie et le muscle cardiaque. L'activité enzymatique la plus élevée a été trouvée dans les îlots pancréatiques et le muscle cardiaque, et représentait 2 à 5 fois l'activité obtenue dans les acini pancréatiques, le foie et le muscle du squelette. Les résultats montrent qu'une condition nécessaire pour uneβ-oxydation rapide des acides gras existe dans les îlots de Langerhans.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Aktivität derβ-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35.) wurde nach den Prinzipien der Lowry-Mikrotechniken in den Pankreasinseln und -Acini, der Leber, dem Herzen und dem Skeletmuskel von Mäusen des fettsüchtigen New Zealand-Stammes (NZO) und in dem fettsüchtig-hyperglykämischen Stamm (obob) gemessen. Das untersuchte Enzym zeigte die gleiche pH-Abhängigkeit in Material aus den Inseln der Leber und dem Herzmuskel. Die höchste Enzymaktivität fand sich in Pankreasinseln und Herzmuskel; sie war zwei bis fünfmal höher als in den Pankreas-Azini, der Leber und der Skeletmuskulatur. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß eine Voraussetzung für eine schnelleβ-Oxydation von Fettsäuren in den Langerhans'schen Inseln erfüllt ist.
    Notes: Summary The activity ofβ-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35.) was measured according to the principles of the Lowry microtechniques in pancreatic islets and acini, liver, heart and skeletal muscle in mice of the New Zealand obese strain (NZO) and the obese hyperglycaemic strain (obob). The assayed enzyme showed the same pH dependence in material from islets, liver and heart muscle. The highest enzymatic activity was found in pancreatic islets and heart muscle, and this was 2 to 5 times the activity obtained in pancreatic acini, liver and skeletal muscle. The results show that one prerequisite for a fastβ-oxidation of fatty acids exists in the islets of Langerhans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01211896
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Well-being and treatment satisfaction in adults with diabetes: A Swedish population-based study (1995)
    Springer
    Quality of life research 4 (1995), S. 515-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2649
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; outcomes ; quality of life ; reliabllity ; sex factors ; validity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to implement the St Vincent Declaration programme, instruments for quality assurance of medical outcomes as well as measures of psychological outcomes of diabetes care had to be developed. This paper presents baseline values for three questionnaires measuring psychological Wellbeing, Treatment Statisfaction and General Health among a representative sample of adult people with diabetes in Sweden consisting of 423 individuals of which 153 were insulin treated and 270 were diet/tablet-treated. Cronbach's α indicated that each of the Well-being and Treatment Satisfaction subscales was internally reliable, alphas ranging from 0.66–0.88. Factor analysis resulted in identification of five subscales (depression, anxiety, positive well-being, treatment satisfaction and metabolic control). There was no relation between any of the quality of life subscales with HbA1c, BMI, duration of diabetes, frequency of blood glucose tests per day, insulin regimens or diabetic complications. Females reported a more negative impact of diabetes on daily life compared with males (p〈0.001). In conclusion, the Well-being and Treatment Satisfaction scales are reliable for quality assurance purposes in diabetes while the briefer general health instrument provides a useful assessment of the global impact of a chronic disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00634746
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucose dependent alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure and enzyme content in mouse pancreatic islets maintained in tissue culture (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 313-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Islands of Langerhans ; Mitochondria ; Enzymes ; Tissue Culture ; Electron Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isolated islets of Langerhans from mice were maintained in tissue culture for one week at either a high (28 mM) or a low (3.3 mM) extracellular glucose concentration. Electron microscopic morphometry by means of stereological methods revealed a much greater volume of mitochondria in islet cells cultured at low glucose than in those cultured at high glucose. The former islets also showed a higher activity of the mitochondrial marker enzyme, L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.35). These results indicate a true mitochondrial hypertrophy at the low glucose concentration. Although it is known from previous studies that the islet cell metabolism is diminished after low-glucose culture, the present observations of an increased mitochondrial volume probably do not reflect a degenerative process, but rather adaptive changes towards oxidation of energy yielding substrates other than glucose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220177
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