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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative Study from Drop-Tube Experiments and Ab-Initio Calculations of the Nucleation of the σ Phase in the Re-W and Re-Ta Systems during Solidification far from Equilibrium (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 343-346 (May 2000), p. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/05/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.343-346.3.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of phosphatidyl glycerol biosynthesis in the lungs of fetuses of diabetic rats (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 202-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Phosphatidyl glycerol ; diabetic pregnancy ; fetal lung ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The lungs of fetuses of streptozotocin-diabetic rats were examined for their ability to incorporate U-14C-glucose into phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl inositol and lysophosphatidyl choline. In the lungs of control rats an increased biosynthesis of phosphatidyl glycerol in late pregnancy suggested a close association between the production of this phospholipid and the terminal maturation of the fetal lung. In the offspring of diabetic rats the incorporation of 14C-glucose into phosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl glycerol was markedly decreased compared with the control rats on gestational day 20, whereas no difference was seen at day 22. Insulin treatment of the pregnant rats restored the biosynthesis of phosphatidyl choline and lysophosphatidyl choline towards normal on gestational day 20, while the ratio of phosphatidyl glycerol to phosphatidyl inositol incorporation of 14C-glucose was decreased, suggesting that the biosynthesis of phosphatidyl glycerol is more sensitive than that of phosphatidyl choline and lysophosphatidyl choline to the metabolic disturbances inherent in maternal diabetes. The delayed fetal pulmonary maturation occurred without fetal hyperinsulinism which suggests that this latter feature may not be of crucial significance in the aetiology of the respiratory distress syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250162
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limited benefit of treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with an aldose reductase inhibitor: a 24-week controlled trial (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; polyneuropathy ; sorbitol accumulation ; aldose reductase inhibitor ; clinical trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of the aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil, on symptomatic symmetrical diabetic polyneuropathy were studied during a 6-month period in a double-blind parallel group placebo-controlled trial. Twenty-seven patients received sorbinil and 28 placebo. The patients were assessed by clinical examination, neurophysiological measurements, sensory threshold determinations and tests of autonomic nerve function. No major clinical benefit was seen in the sorbiniltreated patients and no differences in sensory thresholds were observed. In three out of nine neurophysiological tests (motor nerve conduction velocity of the posterior tibial nerve, F-wave latency and sensory distal latency of the ulnar nerve) and one out of five tests of autonomic nerve function (heart rate variation during deep breathing) significant differences between the patient groups evolved in favour of sorbinil treatment. An overall evaluation of the temporal development of these and remaining neurophysiological and autonomic variables suggested a small but significant benefit from sorbinil treatment. There was no evidence of continuing improvement throughout the treatment period and beneficial effects observed were no greater than those seen in previous trials of considerably shorter treatment periods. It is concluded that sorbinil treatment results in some improvement in peripheral nerve function in symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy, but that the long-term effect may be of limited value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283137
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MUREX: a land-surface field experiment to study the annual cycle of the energy and water budgets (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 838-854 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Hydrology (evapotranspiration; soil moisture; water-energy interactions)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The MUREX (monitoring the usable soil reservoir experimentally) experiment was designed to provide continuous time series of field data over a long period, in order to improve and validate the Soil-vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT) parameterisations employed in meteorological models. Intensive measurements were performed for more than three years over fallow farmland in southwestern France. To capture the main processes controlling land-atmosphere exchanges, the local climate was fully characterised, and surface water and energy fluxes, vegetation biomass, soil moisture profiles, surface soil moisture and surface and soil temperature were monitored. Additional physiological measurements were carried out during selected periods to describe the biological control of the fluxes. The MUREX data of 1995, 1996, and 1997 are presented. Four SVAT models are applied to the annual cycle of 1995. In general, they succeed in simulating the main features of the fallow functioning, although some shortcomings are revealed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-0838-2
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of insulin secretion, but normal peripheral insulin sensitivity, in a patient with a malignant endocrine pancreatic tumour producing high amounts of an islet amyloid polypeptide-like molecule (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 843-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Amylin ; endocrine pancreatic tumour ; glucose tolerance ; insulin resistance ; islet amyloid polypeptide ; pancreatic islets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet amyloid polypeptide or amylin is a polypeptide secreted mainly from the pancreatic beta cells together with insulin upon stimulation. High levels of islet amyloid polypeptide have also been shown to increase the peripheral insulin resistance and consequently a role for islet amyloid polypeptide in the glucose homeostasis has been suggested. We have studied the glucose homeostasis in a patient with a malignant endocrine pancreatic tumour producing large amounts of an islet amyloid polypeptide-like molecule (about 400 times the upper reference level for islet amyloid polypeptide). This patient developed insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus shortly after the tumour diagnosis. Both intravenous and oral glucose tolerance tests revealed inhibited early responses in insulin and C-peptide release, but the insulin and C-peptide response to glucagon stimulation was less affected. Aneuglycaemic insulin clamp showed normal insulin-mediated glucose disposal. In vitro experiments, where isolated rat pancreatic islets were cultured with serum from the patient, showed a moderately decreased islet glucose oxidation rate and glucose-stimulated insulin release compared to islets cultured with serum from healthy subjects. However, culture of rat islets with normal human serum supplemented with synthetic rat islet amyloid polypeptide did not affect the glucose-stimulated insulin release. In conclusion, the observed effects show that the diabetic state in this patient was associated with an impaired glucose-stimulated insulin release but not with an increased peripheral insulin resistance. Thus, the results suggest that if islet amyloid polypeptide has diabetogenic effects they are more likely to be exerted at the level of insulin secretion than at the level of peripheral insulin sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400360
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The activity of β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase in the pancreatic islets of hyperglycaemic mice (1970)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 6 (1970), S. 526-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Hyperglycaemic syndrome of mice (NZO, obob) ; β-oxidation of fatty acids ; β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase ; islets of Langerhans ; liver, heart and skeletal muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'activité de laβ-hydroxyacyl-CoA déshydrogénase (EC 1.1.1.35.) a été mesurée, selon les principes de microtechniques de Lowry, dans les îlots et les acini pancréatiques, le foie, le muscle cardiaque et le muscle du squelette chez des souris de la souche obése de NouvelleZélande (NZO) et de la souche obése hyperglycémique (obob). L'enzyme dosé montrait la même dépendance du pH dans les îlots, le foie et le muscle cardiaque. L'activité enzymatique la plus élevée a été trouvée dans les îlots pancréatiques et le muscle cardiaque, et représentait 2 à 5 fois l'activité obtenue dans les acini pancréatiques, le foie et le muscle du squelette. Les résultats montrent qu'une condition nécessaire pour uneβ-oxydation rapide des acides gras existe dans les îlots de Langerhans.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Aktivität derβ-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35.) wurde nach den Prinzipien der Lowry-Mikrotechniken in den Pankreasinseln und -Acini, der Leber, dem Herzen und dem Skeletmuskel von Mäusen des fettsüchtigen New Zealand-Stammes (NZO) und in dem fettsüchtig-hyperglykämischen Stamm (obob) gemessen. Das untersuchte Enzym zeigte die gleiche pH-Abhängigkeit in Material aus den Inseln der Leber und dem Herzmuskel. Die höchste Enzymaktivität fand sich in Pankreasinseln und Herzmuskel; sie war zwei bis fünfmal höher als in den Pankreas-Azini, der Leber und der Skeletmuskulatur. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß eine Voraussetzung für eine schnelleβ-Oxydation von Fettsäuren in den Langerhans'schen Inseln erfüllt ist.
    Notes: Summary The activity ofβ-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35.) was measured according to the principles of the Lowry microtechniques in pancreatic islets and acini, liver, heart and skeletal muscle in mice of the New Zealand obese strain (NZO) and the obese hyperglycaemic strain (obob). The assayed enzyme showed the same pH dependence in material from islets, liver and heart muscle. The highest enzymatic activity was found in pancreatic islets and heart muscle, and this was 2 to 5 times the activity obtained in pancreatic acini, liver and skeletal muscle. The results show that one prerequisite for a fastβ-oxidation of fatty acids exists in the islets of Langerhans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01211896
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sympathetic response to euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia (1992)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 35 (1992), S. 873-879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Sympathetic nervous system ; catecholamines ; insulin ; blood pressure ; glucose metabolism ; hypertension ; insulin resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sympathetic nervous system activation by insulin has been suggested as a mechanism explaining the association between insulin resistance and hypertension. We further examined the effect of insulin by direct microneurographic muscle and skin nerve sympathetic activity recordings during euglycaemic insulin clamps in healthy subjects. The mean plasma insulin level was elevated from 5.3±0.7 to 92.2±2.2 mU/l in seven subjects during a 90-min one-step clamp. In six other subjects plasma insulin was further raised from 85.7±4.0 mU/l to 747±53 mU/l between 45–90 min (two-step clamp). Four of the latter subjects received a sham clamp with NaCl infusions only on a second recording session. At the low dose of insulin muscle nerve sympathetic activity increased from a resting level of 22.7±5.0 bursts per min to 27.7±5.0 bursts per min at 15 min (p〈0.05). The increases in muscle nerve sympathetic activity were significant (p〈0.001; ANOVA) throughout insulin infusion, with a slight further increase (from 29.2±1.6 to 32.3±1.9 bursts per min) at the supraphysiological insulin concentration. During sham clamps muscle nerve sympathetic activity did not increase. Both insulin clamps induced minor, but significant, increases in forearm venous plasma noradrenaline concentrations. Skin nerve sympathetic activity (n=3) did not change during insulin infusions. Heart rate increased slightly but significantly (p〈0.005), during the insulin clamps. Blood pressure was not notably affected. In conclusion, hyperinsulinaemia was associated with increased vasoconstrictor nerve activity to skeletal muscle and with no change of sympathetic outflow to skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399935
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between diastolic hypertension and myocardial morphology and function in elderly males with diabetes mellitus (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1603-1606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Non-insulin diabetes mellitus ; hypertension ; M-mode echocardiography ; heart function.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The existence of a distinct diabetic cardiomyopathy, characterized by a raised left ventricular mass, has previously been suggested. However, as diabetes mellitus is associated with both left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension a confounding effect of raised blood pressure in diabetic patients has to be considered. In the present cross-sectional study an echocardiographical examination was performed as part of a health screening survey in 582 males, aged 70 years. After the exclusion of subjects with coronary heart disease or those on regular antihypertensive treatment, 30 normotensive subjects with diabetes were compared with 10 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and a diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or more and 203 normotensive control subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Both groups with NIDDM showed a significantly increased left atrial diameter (4.4 ± 0.7 vs 4.0 ± 0.5 cm, p 〈 0.05) and an increased atrial component in diastole (A-wave, p 〈 0.01) compared to the control subjects. Left ventricular mass was, however, only marginally and not significantly elevated in the diabetic subjects when compared to the healthy control subjects (133 ± 19 and 133 ± 28 vs 128 ± 25 g/m2). Only in the subjects with concomitant diabetes and a raised blood pressure was the intraventricular septum significantly enlarged (p 〈 0.05). Thus, in the present sample no distinct diabetic cardiomyopathy with an increased left ventricular mass, independent of the influence of hypertension could be detected. The myocardial alterations in these diabetic males were restricted to an increased left atrial size and an impaired diastolic function. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 1603–1606]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050621
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiotensin II and the endocrine pancreas: effects on islet blood flow and insulin secretion in rats (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Renin-angiotensin system ; ACE inhibitor ; angiotensin II ; pancreatic islets ; insulin release ; islet microcirculation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An intrinsic angiotensin system has been described in the pancreas, with angiotensin II specific receptors being present on both exocrine, endocrine and vascular cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of angiotensin II on insulin secretion and blood flow regulation in the pancreas. Blood flows were determined with a microsphere technique. Infusion of angiotensin II induced a dose-dependent reduction in both whole pancreatic and islet blood flow, which was most pronounced in the former. Administration of enalaprilate, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme, and saralasin, a non-selective angiotensin II receptor antagonist, preferentially increased islet blood flow. The effects of angiotensin II on insulin release were examined by measuring insulin concentrations in the effluents from isolated perfused pancreata. In these preparations, enalaprilate affected neither basal nor glucose-stimulated insulin release, whereas angiotensin II delayed the first phase of insulin release in response to glucose. The effect of angiotensin II was probably due to initial marked vasoconstriction. The retardation of insulin release could be avoided by adding angiotensin II to the perfusion medium 20 min before glucose administration, i. e. so that the vasoconstriction had disappeared when glucose-stimulation began. The present study suggests that the angiotensin-system is important in regulation of islet blood flow and points to a pivotal role of islet blood perfusion for an adequate insulin release. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 127–133]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050880
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative Study from Drop-Tube Experiments and Ab-Initio Calculations of the Nucleation of the σ Phase in the Re-W and Re-Ta Systems during Solidification far from Equilibrium (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Journal of metastable and nanocrystalline materials Vol. 8 (May 2000), p. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1422-6375
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/43/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FJMNM.8.3.pdf
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