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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterotopic pancreas of the stomach: CT findings correlated with pathologic findings in six patients (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 119-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreas, ectopic—Stomach, diseases—Stomach, cysts—Stomach, CT.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to characterize the computed tomographic (CT) findings of heterotopic pancreas of the stomach. Methods: CT scans of six surgically proven cases of heterotopic pancreas of the stomach were reviewed. Three were dynamic spiral CT scans, with both arterial dominant and late phase scans. In other three, both unenhanced and contrast-enhanced scans were obtained by using conventional techniques. Particular attention was given to the enhancement of the heterotopic pancreas. Pathologic and surgical findings were correlated with CT findings. Results: The locations were in the gastric antrum in five cases and in the mid-body in one. Size ranged from 1 cm to 3 cm (mean = 2.1 cm). Three cases showed homogeneous, strong enhancement similar to the pancreas and consisted mainly of pancreatic acini with the same histologic features as the normal pancreas. Two cases showed poor enhancement and consisted mainly of ducts and hypertrophied muscle; pancreatic acini were a minor component. In one case appearing as a cystic lesion on CT, a pseudocyst was found with many ducts and some nests of pancreatic acini. Conclusions: Heterotopic pancreas of the stomach showed a diverse spectrum of CT findings. Good understanding of these CT findings may be helpful in making a correct diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619910028
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Helical CT anatomy of pancreatic arteries (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 517-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreas, anatomy—Pancreas, computed tomography—Computed tomography, helical technology.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To assess the frequency of visualization of pancreatic arteries in the arterial phase of helical computed tomography (CT). Methods: The visibility of pancreatic and peripancreatic arteries in helical CT images was evaluated in 20 consecutive patients who had no evidence of pancreatic disease. CT examinations were performed by using a continuously rotating CT scanner and intravenous injection of contrast media. The scans were taken 35 s after the start of injection and with a table speed of 3 mm/s. Images were reconstructed in 3-mm section increments. Results: Frequently visualized arteries were the gastroduodenal, anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal, and right gastroepiploic arteries. Infrequently visualized arteries were the dorsal pancreatic, pancreatica magna, caudal pancreatic, transverse pancreatic, and common, anterior, and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries. Conclusion: Helical CT enabled us to recognize small pancreatic arteries, and the evaluation of these arteries should be considered in the staging of pancreatic carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900117
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dysplastic nodules of the liver: imaging findings (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 250-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver—Neoplasms—US—CT—MR.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To verify characteristic features of hepatic dysplastic nodules at different imaging modalities. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with 37 dysplastic nodules of the liver (0.8–3.0 cm) underwent sonography (28 patients), computed tomography (CT; 24 patients), magnetic resonance (MR; 11 patients), and angiography (12 patients). Each nodule was analyzed for echogenicity, attenuation, signal intensity, and vascularity. Results: Echogenicity of nodules was high in 16 (43%), homogeneous in two (6%), and low in 19 (51%) of 37 nodules. Attenuation of nodules was high in one (7%), homogeneous in four (26%), and low in 10 (67%) of 15 nodules on the arterial-phase CT images; homogeneous in five (33%) and low in 10 (67%) of 15 nodules on the portal-phase CT images; and high in four (17%), homogeneous in six (26%), and low in 13 (57%) of 23 nodules on the delayed-phase CT images. Signal intensity of nodules was high in 15 (94%) and homogeneous in one (6%) of 16 nodules on T1-weighted MR images and was homogeneous in seven (44%) and low in nine (56%) of 16 nodules on T2-weighted MR images. Vascularity of nodules was avascular in 14 (88%) and slightly vascular in two (12%) of 16 nodules. Conclusions: Hepatic dysplastic nodules show diverse imaging characteristics with different imaging techniques; however, common imaging findings of hepatic dysplastic nodules are low echo, low attenuation, and high, low, or homogeneous intensity on T1- and T2-weighted MR, and avascularity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900490
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Castleman disease with renal amyloidosis: imaging findings and clinical significance (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 376-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Amyloidosis ; Hamartoma ; Kidney ; Computed tomography ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two cases of renal amyloidosis associated with mesenteric and mediastinal Castleman disease of plasma cell type. Computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a mesenteric mass with multiple nodal enlargement in one patient and a right paratracheal mass with irregular central calcifications in the second patient. Renal ultrasonography (US) showed increased echogenicity of the renal parenchyma with prominent medullas. Doppler waveform obtained in the kidney associated with mesenteric disease showed complete absence of diastolic flow signal, although it was normal in the patient with mediastinal disease. Recognition of Castleman disease as the cause of renal amyloidosis and the understanding of CT and US findings of this entity are important for the management, as well as its diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203376
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR findings of hepatic cavernous hemangioma after intraarterial infusion of iodized oil (1994)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 19 (1994), S. 507-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Liver, diseases-Liver, neoplasms Liver, MR studies ; Magnetic resonance (MR) ; Contrast media, iodized oil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed on five tumors of three patients who had hepatic hemangiomas. Four tumors were given an intraarterial infusion of 3–8 ml of iodized oil, while one tumor was not. MR images were obtained at 2.0 or 0.5 T. A single spin echo sequence with TE of 30 ms and TR of 500 ms and a double echo sequence with TEs of 60 and 150 ms and TR of 2000 ms, were used to produce relatively T1-, T2-weighted, and heavily T2-weighted images, respectively. Follow-up MR imaging was done 1–5 months after infusion of iodized oil. On relatively T1 weighted images, hemangiomas showed iso or hypointensity. On T2-weighted images, all tumors showed hyperintensity. However, on heavily T2-weighted images, tumors with iodized oil showed heterogeneous, slight hyperintensity, while tumors without iodized oil showed characteristic appearance of marked hyperintensity in hemangiomas. In hepatic cavernous hemangiomas with intraarterial infusion of iodized oil, familiarity with this unusual MR intensity of tumors on heavily T2-weighted images is useful to avoid the incorrect diagnosis and to reduce the frequency of inappropriate hepatic resection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198251
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic Hemangioma: Contrast-Enhancement Pattern during the Arterial and Portal Venous Phases of Spiral CT (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver, CT—Liver, neoplasm—Hemangioma.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate contrast-enhancement patterns of hepatic hemangioma according to size during hepatic arterial (30-s delay) and portal venous (65-s delay) phases of spiral computed tomography (CT). During a 10-month-period, 73 patients with 118 hemangiomas underwent two-phase spiral CT examination. The enhancement patterns of tumors were divided into four types based on the attenuation of surrounding liver parenchyma: peripherally nodular high, uniform high, iso, and low. The diameter of the tumors were 〈10 mm (n= 39), 11–20 mm (n= 33), and 〉21 mm (n= 46). Overall, the most common enhancement patterns of hemangioma were peripherally nodular high (66/118, 55.9%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. The second most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma were uniform high (15/118, 12.7%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. In tumors smaller than 20 mm, 11 (9.3%) had low-low attenuation and two (1.7%) had iso-low attenuation during the arterial and portal venous phases, respectively. In conclusion, at two-phase spiral CT, the most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma are peripherally nodular high and/or uniform high during the arterial and portal venous phases. However, hemangiomas smaller than 2 cm may have atypical enhancing patterns including low and iso-attenuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900492
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic abnormalities related to blood flow: evaluation with dual-phase helical CT (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 340-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900512
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral sparganosis: analysis of 34 cases with emphasis on CT features (1992)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 34 (1992), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain ; Infection ; Computed tomography ; Parasites ; Inflammation ; Sparganosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cerebral sparganosis is a rare parasitic CNS disease, producing chronic active granulomatous inflammation. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data, CT scans and histopathologic specimens in 34 patients with cerebral sparganosis. The majority of the patients (89%) were rural inhabitants; 75% had a history of ingestion of frogs and/or snakes. The major presenting symptoms were seizure (84%), hemiparesis (59%) and headache (56%) of chronic course. On CT scans, the disease most frequently involved the cerebral hemispheres, particularly frontoparietal lobes, with occasional extension to the external and internal capsules and basal ganglia. The cerebellum was rarely involved. Bilateral involvement was seen in 26%. The main CT findings consisted of white matter hypodensity with adjacent ventricular dilatation (88%), irregular or nodular enhancing lesion (88%), and small punctate calcifications (76%). In combination, the CT triad above appears to be specific for this disease, and was noted in 62% of cases. Of 16 follow-up CT scans, 5 (38%) showed a change in the location of the enhancing nodule. With a single CT scan, it does not appear to be possible to determine whether the worm is alive or dead, information important for deciding whether to intervene surgically. Change in the location of the enhancing nodule and/or worsening of the other CT findings on sequential CT scans would suggest that the worm is alive and that the patient is a candidate for surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588423
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Re-evaluation of optimal dose of contrast medium for vascular enhancement in CT of the head and neck (1997)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 39 (1997), S. 30-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Computed tomography ; head and neck ; Contrast medium ; dose ; Comparative study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adequate contrast enhancement of major neck vessels is more important than that of a tumour itself in CT of most head and neck tumours because of differentiation from neck node metastases. Our purpose was to re-evaluate the dosage of contrast medium for adequate vascular enhancement in CT of the head and neck. In a blind prospective fashion, 60 patients with a variety of head and neck lesions were randomised into three equal groups receiving 0.75, 1.0, or 1.25 ml/kg of meglumine ioglycate, 300 mg/ml. Contrast medium was administered by injector at 2 ml/s. The scan time and interscan delay were each 1 s, and total scan time 50–180 s. The scan was started immediately after administration of two-thirds of the contrast medium. The degree of vascular enhancement was assessed visually and quantitatively. We visually scored the degree of vascular enhancement as excellent (4 points), good (3), fair (2) or poor (1). For quantitative study, after measuring the CT numbers of the common or internal carotid artery (CA), internal jugular vein (IJV) and adjacent muscle at three levels, were calculated mean vessel/muscle contrast ratios. The degree of enhancement of the CA and IJV tended to increase with dose of the contrast media, but no examination was rated as showing poor enhancement in any group. The mean visual assessment scores for 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25 ml/kg were 2.7, 2.9 and 3.1, respectively; the mean ICA/muscle contrast ratios were 1.58, 1.55 and 1.63, and those of IJV/muscle 1.65, 1.59 and 1.59. There was no significant difference between visual and quantitative assessment in any group. The results suggest that 0.75 ml/kg of contrast medium appears sufficient for vascular opacification for head and neck lesions when the CT scan can be completed in about 120 s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050362
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiological evaluation of pulmonary vein obstruction including two examinations by magnetic resonance imaging (1993)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 23 (1993), S. 6-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstracts Congenital obstruction of the pulmonary vein without anomalous drainage can cause long-standing pulmonary congestion and pulmonary arterial hypertension, and it may include stenosis of individual pulmonary veins and pulmonary vein atresia. We reviewed seven cases of pulmonary vein obstruction, five of which were accompanied by other cardiac anomalies. Right pulmonary veins were involved in all seven cases; one case was bilateral. Pulmonary veins were occluded totally in five and partially in three lungs. Diagnostic pulmonary catheterization and angiography were performed. Chest radiographs of total occlusion cases showed decreased lung volume, features of pulmonary edema, interstitial lesions, and pleural changes, which were quite specific, whereas pulmonary venous dilatation was the dominant finding in partial obstruction cases. Pulmonary perfusion scan (n=3) showed total perfusion defects in the cases with total occlusion of pulmonary veins. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (n=2) demonstrated totally occluded pulmonary veins at the venoatrial junction in two lungs and membranous focal obstruction in one lung. Two children underwent pneumonectomy and had the diagnosis histologically confirmed. Although catheterization and angiography are essential for the diagnosis of pulmonary vein obstruction, MR imaging is a useful adjunct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020210
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