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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 320 (1970), S. 97-110 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cerebellar Cortex ; Evoked Potentials ; Visceral Afferents ; Kleinhinrinde ; Evoked Potentials ; Viscerale Afferenzen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Evoked Potentials nach Reizung des N. radialis superficialis und N. splanchnicus wurden an der Kleinhirnrinde untersucht und ihre Verteilung mappiert. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Potentiale der beiden Afferenzen sich stark voneinander unterscheiden. Die verschiedene Form weist darauf hin, daß beide Afferenzen von der Kleinhirnrinde unterschiedlich verarbeitet werden. Durch Interaktions-, Frequenzversuche und Input-Output-Kurven wurden diese Differenzen analysiert.
    Notes: Summary After stimulation of the superficial radial nerve and the splanchnic nerve, evoked potentials were recorded on the surface of the cerebellum and their distribution mapped. It was shown, that the potentials of both afferents were quite different from each other. The differences in shape indicate that both afferents are differentially organized by the cerebellar cortex. This conclusion was reached through interaction experiments, frequency studies, and input-output-relation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cerebellärer Kortex ; Lernen am Erfolg ; Licht-Dunkelheit-Diskrimination ; Cerebellum ; Instrumental Conditioning ; Light-Dark Discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Ten adult cats were used as subjects in a study which was designed to investigate the effects of cortical ablations of the cerebellar hemispheres upon learning and retention of a light-dark discrimination task. The discrimination task was instrumentally conditioned in food-deprived cats. The results of this study showed that unilateral or bilateral ablations of the cerebellar hemispheres have no effects upon retention of a learned discrimination task. The data further indicated that bilateral ablations of the cerebellar hemispheres seem to retard learning of a discrimination task during the first 5 days of the learning period. This latter effect was interpreted to be due to a dynamic period of compensation, during which, asCarrea andMettler [3] assumed, the cerebral cortex takes over the functions of the ablated parts of the cerebellum.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zehn Katzen wurden als Versuchstiere in einem Experiment benutzt, welches die Einflüsse der Entfernung der corticalen cerebellären Hemisphären auf das Erlernen und Behalten einer Licht-Dunkelheit Diskrimination untersuchte. Die Diskriminationsaufgabe wurde bei hungrigen Katzen nach der Skinner Methode durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigten, daß unilaterale oder bilaterale Entfernungen der cerebellären corticalen Hemisphären keinen Einfluß auf das Behalten der erlernten Diskriminationsaufgabe hatten. Dagegen schien die bilaterale Entfernung der cerebellären corticalen Hemisphären das Erlernen der Diskriminationsaufgabe zu verzögern, besonders während der ersten 5 Tage der Lernperiode. Es wurde angenommen, daß dieser einfluß auf einer dynamischen Kompensationsperiode beruht, während der, wieCarrea undMettler [3] vermuteten, der cerebrale Kortex die Funktion der entfernten Teile des Kleinhirns übernimmt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 312 (1969), S. 18-31 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cerebraler Cortex ; Splanchnicusafferenzen ; Cerebral Cortex ; Splanchnic Afferents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The areas of representation of the splanchnic nerve were investigated in the following cortical areas: somatic area II (ipsi-and contralteral), and somatic area I (contralateral). These areas of representation were found to be much larger than formerly reported in the literature. 2. The fibers of the Aβ-and Aγδ-group are represented differentially in these areas. The fastet fibers of the Aβ-group are primarily represented in the contralateral somatic area II. The ipsilateral area II receives afferent impulses from the entire range of the Aβ-fibers, and probably also from the Aγδ-fibers. In the contralateral somatic area I, there is probably no representation of the fastest fibers of the Aβ-group. Otherwise all other fibers sizes of the Aβ-group and the Aγδ-fibers are represented. 3. Of all the pathways leading to the different cortical areas, the pathway to the contralateral somatic area II transmits with the greatest strength. 4. The Aβ afferentś of the splanchnic nerve interfere at a supraspinal level with afferents of the ipsilateral radial superficial nerve and with afferents of the contralateral splanchnic nerve. Thus, there exists a dominance of the somatic afferents (radial nerve) over the visceral afferents, and a dominance of the contralateral over the ipsilateral afferents of the splanchnic nerves.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. In folgenden corticalen Arealen wurde die Repräsentation des N. splanchnicus unterscuht: Area somatica II, ipsi-und kontralateral und Area somatica I, kontralateral. Die von uns ermittelten Repräsentationsgebiete sind flächenmäßig größer als sie in früheren Arbeiten angegeben sind. 2. Die Aβ-und Aγδ-Fasern des N. splanchnicus sind in diesen Arealen unterschiedlich repräsentiert. Die schnellsten Fasern der Aβ-Gruppe sind vornehmlich in der Area somatica II, kontralateral repräsentiert. Die Area somatica II, ipsilateral empfängt Impulse aus der ganzen Streubreite der Aβ-Fasern und wahrscheinlich auch von den Aγδ-Fasern. In der Area somatica I, kontralateral sind die schnellsten Fasern der Aβ-Gruppe wahrscheinlich nicht repräsentiert, ansonsten alle anderen Fasergrößen der Aβ-Gruppe und mit Sicherheit auch die Aγδ-Fasern. 3. Von den Leitungswegen, die zu den verschiedenen Arealen führen, hat der nach der Area somatica II, kontralateral die größte Übertragungsstärke. 4. Die Aβ-Afferenzen eines N. splanchnicus interferieren auf supraspinaler Ebene mit Afferenzen des ipsilateralen N. radialis superficialis und mit Afferenzen des kontralateralen N. splanchnicus. Dabei zeigt sich eine Dominanz der somatischen über die visceralen Afferenzen und eine Dominanz der kontralateralen über die ipsilateralen Afferenzen der N. splanchnici.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 402 (1984), S. 292-299 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; Climbing fibre ; Purkinje cell ; Awake monkey ; Passive movement ; Sensory feedback
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract From three intact and awake monkeys, 149 Purkinje cells and 44 presumed mossy fibres were recorded in the intermediate part of the cerebellar anterior lobe, and this activity was analyzed with regard to different parameters of a passive hand movement. The tonic discharge rate of the simple spikes (SS) varied according to different joint positions only in a single Purkinje cell, whereas such a position relation was found in nine out of 44 presumed mossy fibres. A phasic increase of the complex spike (CS) discharge rate of Purkinje cells in response to passive wrist movements usually occurred within 100 ms after movement onset. However, in some units a phase of increased CS rate was observed which lasted for the whole movement duration. The amount of this phasic increase in the CS rate depended on the acceleration of movement, but the SS response to movements of different velocity remained unchanged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 71 (1993), S. 1157-1169 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: System-reservoir interaction ; stochastic coupling ; quantum master equation ; Langevin equation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the problem of a system coupled to an ensemble of independent harmonic oscillators acting as a reservoir. We use an extension of the functional derivative technique to analyze some of the effects of adding stochastic terms to the system-reservoir coupling parameters. Two approaches (quantum master equation and Langevin equation) are considered and their ranges of validity and differences are examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 79 (1995), S. 669-682 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Escape probabilities ; mean first passage times ; dichotomous noise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Previous results on first-passage-time statistics for systems driven by dichotomous noise are extended in order to cover the escape from regions including fixed points of the stochastic flow. For such regions a treatment splitting the escape through one or the other boundary is required. The obtained escape probabilities and mean exit times are relevant for the complete characterization of stochastic systems undergoing bifurcations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 79 (1995), S. 683-699 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Escape probabilities ; mean first passage times ; dichotomous noise ; stochastic bifurcations ; level of extinction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We use the general results for the escape probabilities and mean exit times obtained in an accompanying paper to analyze in detail a nonlinear system presenting an imperfect (subcritical) pitchfork bifurcation. We redraw the bifurcation diagram to show the effect of the noise. To avoid spurious results we introduce the concept ofextinction level as the minimum possible value for the system, and discuss its effect on the bifurcation diagram.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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