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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sumatriptan, a selective 5-hydroaytryptamine (5HT1D)-receptor agonist, has recently been introduced in the pharmacotherapy of acute migraine attacks. The potential vasoactive effect of sumatriptan on human dural vessels in vivo, however, is still a matter of controversy. We investigated the effects of sumatriptan on dural vessels after subcutaneous or intra-arterial injection. During interventional angiography, the middle meningeal artery (MMA) of nine patients was catheterized with a microcatheter using the transfemoral route. Three MMA were entirely normal, two supplied a dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and four were transdural feeders to a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Sumatriptan was injected either into the subcutaneous tissue of the right shoulder (6 mg, two patients) or into the catheterized MMA (2 mg, six patients). The substance caused a marked vasoconstriction of the three normal MMA, visible angiographically and confirmed by intravascular Doppler ultrasonography. Vasoconstriction was still present in the last angiogram obtained 15 min post-injection. Slightly hypertrophied feeders to dural AVF and to brain AVM showed some vasoconstriction in one and four patients, respectively. In two patients with markedly hypertrophied dural feeders to a dural AVF and to a brain AVM, respectively, rapid shunting probably prevented obvious vasoactive effects of sumatriptan. The data obtained by angiography and intravascular Doppler ultrasonography provide strong evidence that sumatriptan has a vasoconstrictive effect on normal as well as hypertrophied dural vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 40 (2000), S. 1017-1029 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hirnabszess ; Zerebritis ; Metastatische Herdenzephalitis ; Endokarditis ; MRT ; Gd-DTPA ; Keywords Brain abscess ; Cerebritis ; Metastatic focal encephalitis ; Endocarditis ; MRI ; Gd-DTPA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The hematogenous spread of bacteria, fungi and protozoa may also reach the brain vessels, which happens mostly through septic emboli. From such an embolus a metastatic focal encephalitis and later a septic-embolic brain abscess may arise. The most frequently underlying infections that may cause septic emboli are bacterial endocarditis as well as bacterial infections of artificial heart valve prostheses. Congenital heart malformations with a right-to-left shunt also play here a certain role. Basically, however, all septic conditions and bacteriemias may cause septic-embolic brain abscesses. They occur frequently as multiple lesions. MRI is superior to CT in depicting the different stages of evolution from focal encephalitis, through the hardly encapsulated early abscess, to the formation of a membrane and later a dense fibrous capsule. The medical treatment of a brain abscess requires properly performed CT or MRI follow-up examinations in order to realize early enough a possible growing of such a lesion.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die hämatogene Ausbreitung von Bakterien, Pilzen oder Protozoen bis in die Hirngefäße erfolgt meist durch eine septische Embolie. Es entstehen eine metastatische Herdenzephalitis und im weiteren Verlauf daraus ein septisch-embolischer Hirnabszess. Die häufigste Grunderkrankung die zu septischen Embolien führt ist die bakterielle Endokarditis sowie die bakterielle Infektion von Herzklappenprothesen. Eine besondere Bedeutung kommt hier den angeborenen kardialen Fehlbildungen mit Rechts-Links-Shunt zu. Grundsätzlich können jedoch alle Bakteriämien zu septisch-embolischen Hirnabszessen führen. Septisch-embolische Hirnabszesse treten aufgrund ihres Entstehungsmechanismus häufig multipel auf. Die CT und besser noch die MRT erlauben die Darstellung aller Entwicklungsstadien von der Herdenzephalitis über den kaum abgegrenzten Abszess, die Membranbildung bis zur Entstehung einer dicken, die eitergefüllte Höhle allseits umgebenden Abszesskapsel. Die medikamentöse Therapie von Hirnabszessen erfordert Verlaufsuntersuchungen, um einer eventuellen Größenzunahme der Läsion(en) frühzeitig durch Umstellung der antibiotischen Medikation oder durch operative Abszessentfernung zu begegnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 23 (1982), S. 253-258 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Embolization ; Ethibloc ; Coaxial catheter system ; Head and neck
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary “Ethibloc” has been used almost exclusively until now for embolization of tumors and bleeding vessels in the liver and kidney. Unlike with Gelfoam-particles, there is no recanalization. The resorption occurs so slowly that there is no interference with the necrosis of the embolized tumor. Due to its low viscosity, it passes catheters with thin lumina and fills the capillary bed of the tumor without danger of reaching the venous vessels. In this paper we describe a new technic of percutaneous catheter-embolization with Ethibloc using a coaxial catheter which we believe enhances safety and effectiveness. It has been successfully used in five patients. In the meantime two more patients have been treated successfully.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 10 (1975), S. 177-178 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La ventriculographie positive au Dimer X a permis de constater un recessus infundibulaire intrahypophysaire chez une femme de 34 ans atteinte d'hydrocéphalie obstructive. Les auteurs admettent la pathogénie malformative.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Bei einer 34-jährigen Patientin mit Hydrocephalus bei Liquorpassagestörung durch einen Mittelhirnprozeß kam im Ventrikulogramm mit Dimer X ein abnormer intrasellarer Recessus des 3. Ventrikels zur Darstellung. Nach seiner Lokalisation und nach ontogenetischen sowie phylogenetischen Gesichtspunkten ist er als persistierender intrahypophysärer Recessus infundibuli zu bezeichnen. Eine Fehlbildung infolge einer Entwicklungshemmung wird angenommen.
    Notes: Summary X-ray examination of the intracranial ventricles with Dimer X made it possible to make the diagnosis of obstructive hydrocephalus due to a mass lesion of the midbrain and an abnormal intrasellar recess of the third ventricle in a 34 year old female patient. Considering the location and ontogenetic and phylogenetic facts one can diagnose the second pathological finding as a persisting intrapituitary recessus infundibuli. A malformation due to inhibition during development is to be assumed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Aneurysm ; Transcranial colour-coded duplex sonography ; Embolisation ; Subarachnoid haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined 72 patients with 89 angiographically confirmed intracranial aneurysms, using transcranial colour-coded duplex sonography (TCCD) to determine the location and size of the aneurysm. The patients were admitted for coil embolisation of their aneurysm following subarachnoid haemorrhage or because of a cranial nerve palsy. Using a 2/2.25 MHz transducer, 42 aneurysms (47%) were seen satisfactorily through the temporal bone window or foramen magnum. In 24 cases (27%) image quality was insufficient as a result of a poor bone window, of the aneurysm having a diameter of less than 6 mm or of its being in an unfavourable location. In 23 other cases (26%) it was not possible to detect the aneurysm. Thrombosed structures could be demonstrated using TCCD in 8 of 12 giant intracavernous or basilar artery aneurysms, and in 15 of 19 aneurysms treated by platinum coil embolisation. TCCD offers a noninvasive method for monitoring progressive intra-aneurysmal thrombosis following coil embolisation and for follow-up of patients with untreatable fusiform aeurysms, should this be required. Detection of small aneurysms is limited by spatial resolution and insonation angles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S111 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Vitamin E deficiency ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a patient with a progressive neurological disorder consisting of ataxia, loss of proprioception and pyramidal tract dysfunction in his sixth decade. He had severe vitamin E deficiency due to fat malabsorption secondary to chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Sural nerve biopsy revealed a reduced number of myelinated fibres. MRI of the cervical spine showed high-signal lesions on T2-weighted images in the posterior columns, correlating well with the clinical findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S111 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Vitamin E deficiency ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a patient with a progressive neurological disorder consisting of ataxia, loss of proprioception and pyramidal tract dysfunction in his sixth decade. He had severe vitamin E deficiency due to fat malabsorption secondary to chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Sural nerve biopsy revealed a reduced number of myelinated fibres. MRI of the cervical spine showed high-signal lesions on T2-weighted images in the posterior columns, correlating well with the clinical findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 16 (1978), S. 65-68 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Medulloblastoma and acute lymphocytic leukemia patients treated by intrathecal methotrexate and radiation were investigated by means of computerized axial tomography. More than 50% of them turned out to have acquired encephalopathy. Only gross morphologic brain defects, as visualized by computerized tomography, caused manifest clinical signs of brain dysfunction, such as epilepsy, mental retardation, paresis, and apallic syndrome. Mild morphologic changes were found even in asymptomatic children. The preferred site of defects in brain substance was the paraventricular white matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 14 (1977), S. 205-208 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Atlas ; Malformation of atlas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fissures in the anterior arch of the atlas are rare. The defect can properly be diagnosed on axial radiographs and can be suspected in studying carefully the lateral x-ray. The developmental cause of the split anterior arch and its clinical significance are discussed. A median cleft, analogous to a fissure in the anterior arch of the atlas, may also occur in the proatlas, as schown in one case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Computed tomography ; Rapid imagesplitting ; Contrast bolus ; Brain parenchyma enhancement ; Brain death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-three patients complying with the clinical criteria for brain death were studied by contrast-enhanced CT. In all but one, the great intracranial vessels escaped visualization; accordingly, angiography demonstrated cerebral circulatory arrest. In the remaining case, faint enhancement of the circle of Willis corresponded to angiographic demonstration of the proximal segments of cerebral arteries. Neither in normal brain nor in dead brain did slow CT scanning disclose any postcontrast increase in parenchymal attenuation. An improved technique is proposed to demonstrate the transit of the contrast bolus by rapid CT with image splitting. If cerebral blood flow is preserved, the grey and white matter will enhance significantly following administration of contrast medium. Vice versa, the absence of enhancement confirms brain death, even in instances in which the great cerebral vessels are obscured by hemorrhage or other extensive lesions. Two additional cases of brain death were evaluated by rapid CT scanning. As to brain death, the technique obviates the need for angiography or radionuclide angiography, usually applied in prospective organ donors, because its informative content is superior to that of either method. The CT technique described affords a reliable and safe diagnosis of brain death, and can be interpreted easily.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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