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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved interferometer for measuring unsteady film thickness (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 2685-2690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An interferometer previously developed for measuring instantaneous film thickness of the order of 10 μm–1 mm [T. Ohyama, K. Endoh, A. Mikami, and Y. H. Mori, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 59, 2018 (1988)] has been improved with respect to both facility of handling and accuracy of thickness determination. The improved version of the interferometer uses an expanded laser beam focused aslant on the subject film. The rays reflected from the front and rear surfaces of the film form interference fringes on a screen, which are then recorded in the form of a single snapshot interferogram or as a set of serial interferograms to be geometrically analyzed. Experiments with thin glass plates as sample films verified the expected advantages of the new version over the original one. The improved version of the interferometer was also tested on a liquid film asymptotically thinning as it drained down a vertical plate. The test indicated that the accuracy and precision of the new improved version far exceed those of other transient film-thickness measuring techniques. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147095
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internal Hollows in Cooked Rice Grains (Oryza sativa cv. Koshihikari) Observed by NMR Micro Imaging (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 64 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nondestructive analysis of water distribution and structural changes in cooked rice grains, Oryza sativa cv Koshihikari, was performed with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Micro imaging of protons (1H). Using a specially designed holder, high quality images of cooked rice grains were obtained, even when up to 10 grains were studied simultaneously. Internal hollows were observed in all examined cooked rice grains, and we propose a mechanism to explain their formation. The origin of these hollows was hypothesized to be cracks or fissures, and hollows resulted from sealing of such lacerations by gelatinized starch in the peripheral layer in combination with expansion of the grain during cooking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb09849.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of TRH on Serum Calcium, Calcitonin, Parathyroid Hormone, and TSH in Patients with Eating Disorders (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 553 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb54537.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of Cytosolic Ca2+ Suppression By Prostaglandin E2 Receptors in Rat Melanotrophs (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 15 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have previously reported that voltage-dependent Ca2+ (VDC) channels of rat melanotrophs are inhibited by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In this study, mechanisms involved in the inhibitory actions of PGE2 receptors of rat melanotrophs were analysed using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Ca2+-imaging and whole-cell, patch-clamp techniques with recently developed EP agonists, each of which is selective for the known four subclasses of EP receptors (EP1–4). PGE2 reversibly suppressed the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The maximum reduction in [Ca2+]i by PGE2 was comparable to that by dopamine or to that by extracellular Ca2+ removal. RT-PCR analysis of all four EP receptors revealed that EP3 and EP4 receptor mRNAs were expressed in the intermediate lobe. The effects of PGE2 to suppress [Ca2+]i were mimicked by the selective EP3 agonist, ONO-AE-248, whereas three other EP agonists, ONO-DI-004 (EP1), ONO-AE1-259 (EP2) and ONO-AE1-329 (EP4), had little or no effect on [Ca2+]i. All four G-protein activated inward rectifying K+ (GIRK) channel mRNAs were identified in intermediate lobe tissues by RT-PCR. Dopamine concentration-dependently activated GIRK currents, whereas PGE2 did not activate GIRK currents, even at the concentration causing maximal inhibition of VDC channels. These results suggest that PGE2 acts on EP3 receptors to suppress Ca2+ entry of rat melanotrophs by selectively inhibiting VDC channels of these cells. We have compared the possible cellular and molecular mechanisms of inhibition by dopamine and PGE2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2003.00864.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of long-term cigarette smoking on immunoglobulin E-mediated allergy, pulmonary function, and high-resolution computed tomography lung densitometry in elderly patients with asthma (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Smoking is the most important cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the influence of cigarette smoking on the pathogenesis of asthma in the elderly remains controversial. This study attempted to clarify the influence of cigarette smoking on elderly asthmatics.Methods Forty-eight asthmatics over 70 years old (25 ex-smokers and 23 never-smokers) and 20 patients with COPD over 70 years old (all ex-smokers) were studied to determine the influence of cigarette smoking on IgE-mediated allergy (total IgE, IgE antibodies against inhalant allergens, bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR), generation of leukotriene (LT) B4 and C4), pulmonary function, and the relative area of lung showing attenuation values less than −950 Hounsfield units (RA950) on high-resolution computed tomography scans.Results The incidence of positive IgE antibodies against inhalant allergens, BHR, and the generation of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) by leucocytes were significantly increased in patients with a history of smoking compared with those without. Residual volume (%RV) was significantly increased, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was significantly decreased in ex-smokers with asthma and COPD compared with never-smokers with asthma. Inspiratory RA950 and ratio of expiratory RA950 to inspiratory RA950 were significantly larger in asthmatics with a smoking history than in those without, and in COPD patients than in asthmatics.Conclusion Cigarette smoking enhances the production of IgE antibodies, BHR, and generation of LTB4 by leucocytes in elderly asthmatics. Increased hyper-inflation or emphysematous changes of the lungs expressed by increased RA950, closely related to %RV, was more frequently observed in ex-smokers compared with never-smokers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01844.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α and transforming growth factor β on group II phospholipase A2 activity in rat gingival fibroblasts (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 28 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1993.tb02116.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phospholipase A2 in rat gingival tissue (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 27 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a proinflammatory enzyme in the synovial fluids of all - and sera of some - patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Due to the similarities in pathogenesis between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis, we sought to study the enzymatic properties of PLA2 in periodontal tissue. In this study, we demonstrated PLA2 activity in rat gingival tissue, about 80% of which was present in the cytosolic fraction. We characterized the cytosolic PLA2 enzyme with respect to substrate specificity, sensitivity to detergent, Ca2+ ion dependency and optimum pH. We found that phosphatidylethanolamine, rather than phosphatidylcholine, was the preferred substrate, the Ca2+ ion was essential for the expression of PLA2 activity, the enzyme was active over a broad pH range, with the optimum at pH 9.0, and sodium-deoxycholate inhibited the enzyme activity strongly in a concentration-dependent manner. These results are consistent with those which have been obtained with synovial fluid PLA2 and suggest that gingival PLA2 may be involved in the pathogenic processes of gingivitis and periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01827.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Change in the Status of Water in Japanese Noodles During and After Boiling Observed by NMR Micro Imaging (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : A correlation between moisture content (M, g water/ g dry matter) and transverse relaxation time (T2) of water protons in standard wheat gel samples was established by NMR. Changes in moisture distribution in Japanese noodles were estimated from T2 of water protons obtained by NMR micro imaging using the correlation. Penetration of water from the surface to the core during boiling and homogenization of moisture content after boiling were clearly observed in the MR images and moisture profile. A local minimum of T2 of water protons was detected in the moisture profile of noodles boiled in tap water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb15215.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of Internal Hollows in Cooked Rice Using a Light Transmittance Method (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 64 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We previously reported that nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) micro imaging detected the hollows in cooked rice but required a specialist to operate equipment. Convenient detection of hollows is useful in the characterization of cooked rice. X-ray imaging and light transmittance photography were studied as alternatives to NMR micro imaging. X-ray imaging detected about 50% of all hollows. Light transmittance photography detected almost all hollows in cooked rice (Oryza sativa cv. Koshihikari) effectively and rapidly, relatively quantifying hollow sizes and numbers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb12274.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in Hollow Volumes in Cooked Rice Grains with Various Amylose Contents as Determined by NMR Micro Imaging (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The presence of hollows in cooked rice grains found before in the cultivar Koshihikari was confirmed for 4 more cultivars with various amylose contents. The size, shape, and total volume of hollows differed between cultivars. Hollow volumes increased with grain volume and length before 100 °C was reached, but subsequently decreased during prolonged boiling. The previously proposed mechanism, describing sealing by gelatinized starch of cracks formed during soaking, seemed accurate for all 5 cultivars. Based on the hypothetical model of their formation, a relationship between amylose content and hollow formation was assumed. However, no correlation existed between final hollow volume and shape on 1 side and individual parameters such as flour gelatinization and amylose content on the other side.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb16017.x
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