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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    GABAergic Inhibition on Dopamine Cells of the Fish Retina: A [3H]Dopamine Release Study with Isolated Cell Fractions (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 50 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Inner retinal cells including dopamine (DA) cells were isolated and fractionated from the carp (Cyprinus carpio) retina by an enzyme cell dissociation and metrizamide gradient centrifugation method. When γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists (bicuculline and picrotoxin) were added into the perfusate over such a cell fraction, they stimulated the release of [3H]DA which had been preloaded in the cell fraction. The action of GABA antagonists was dose and Ca2+ dependent. Their minimal effective concentration was very low (0.5 μM). A similar action was elicited by high K+. In the presence of excess GABA, this stimulatory action of GABA antagonists and high K+ on [3H]DA release was completely abolished. To interpret the action of GABA antagonists on DA cells, isolated cell fractions were preincubated with GABAse. After such a treatment, the stimulatory effects of GABA antagonists and high K+ on [3H]DA release were differentiated from each other; the former disappeared whereas the latter remained unchanged. The data strongly suggest that GABA inhibits the DA release from retinal DA cells and thus the GABA antagonists affect [3H]DA release from cell fractions not by a direct membrane action but by a disinhibition mechanism via GABA receptors on the DA cell bodies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb13221.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ArF excimer laser doping of boron into silicon (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 3656-3659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Boron doping into silicon has been investigated using an ArF excimer laser. Dopant atoms are obtained by pyrolysis of BF3. Two kinds of doping, the doping in BF3 ambients and the doping using adsorbed layers, have been performed. In both cases, the sheet resistance decreases with increasing the number of pulses. The surface concentration and the junction depth increase with the number of pulses. From these results, it is found that dopant atoms are supplied from only adsorbed layers of BF3 formed on the silicon surface. Moreover, the supply of dopant atoms from adsorbed layers limits the doping process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339245
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The use of gradient sector magnets in Chasman-Green lattice (abstract) : INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 1793-1793 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: The design of the next generation synchrotron radiation ring is based on a low-emittance storage ring with large numbers of zero-dispersion straight-section for insertion devices. As a candidate, the Chasman-Green lattice is likely to be the most promising to be investigated. In this paper, field gradients and edges which are not perpendicular to the optic axis are proposed to introduce the bending magnets for a low-emittance Chasman-Green lattice. The horizontal beam emittance of a large ring is generally expressed as1 (1) εx=Cqγθ3F(ψ)/Jx, where Cq=3.83×10−13 m, γ=Lorentz factor of the stored beam, θ=bending angle of a dipole magnet, F(ψ)=emittance form factor as a function of the betatron phase advance per half cell ψ, Jx=partition number of the horizontal betatron oscillation.The form factor F(ψ) depends on the lattice structure and is expressed for the symmetrical cell as (2) F(ψ)=(1/ρθ3)(1/ρθ) ∫ρθ0(γη2 +2αηη'+βη'2)ds, where H=γη2+2αηη'+βη'2 is the Courant–Snyder dispersion invariant, ρ is the magnetic radius, α, β, γ are Twiss parameters and η, η' are the dispersion function and the derivative with s the integral ranges over a bending magnet. We calculate, for examples, F(ψ) for a single lens approximation of equal focal length with ρ=25 and θ=π/32 radian. For the gradient magnet, the gradient parameter K is taken to be −0.05(1/m2) for example, where K is defined as (3) K=(1−n)/2, n=−(ρ/B)(dB/dx). The absolute value of K is restricted to be small to guarantee the damping of energy oscillation. For a nonperpendicular edge, the angle between the edge normal and the beam axis is chosen to be −0.255 radian, for example. The sign conversion is in the usual manner.2 The form factor F(ψ) is calculated as a function of Ψ for the two examples. Another factor to effect the emittance is the partition number Jx as seen in Eq. (1).Jx can be written as (4) Jx=1−Kρ2θ2/3, in the first-order calculation. A negative K has little effect to decrease the emittance in cooperation with F(ψ). The horizontal beam emittance is shown to be decreased by the reduction of the factor in two examples in cooperation with the increase of the horizontal damping partition number of the betatron oscillation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140905
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultrasonic relaxation studies of 2-butoxyethanol-water and 2-butoxyethanol-water-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide solutions as a function of composition (1986)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 90 (1986), S. 4167-4174 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100408a066
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Vitamin D receptor ablation alters skin architecture and homeostasis of dendritic epidermal T cells (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 152 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background  1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3], the active metabolite of vitamin D, exerts its activities by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) with subsequent function as a transcription factor. Targeted ablation of the VDR in mice results in rickets and alopecia.Objectives  To study the consequences of VDR deficiency for skin physiology, and to investigate the mechanisms of the immunosuppressive effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on LC.Methods  We studied the structural, phenotypic and functional properties of skin and individual skin leucocyte populations in VDR–/– mice.Results  The lack of VDR induced a wide spectrum of pathologies including dermal deposition of collagen, enlargement of sebaceous glands, dilation of the hair follicles, development of epidermal cysts, increased numbers of dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC) and hyperkeratosis. Ageing aggravated these changes. Intriguingly, Langerhans cells (LC) were indistinguishable in distribution, morphology and number compared with controls. In vitro, LC underwent a maturation/migration process similar to LC from control mice. Pretreatment of epidermal cells or LC-enriched epidermal cell suspensions with 1,25(OH)2D3 impaired LC maturation and T-cell stimulatory capacity from VDR+/+ but not VDR–/– mice, demonstrating that LC are targets of vitamin D3 and that interaction between vitamin D3 and LC results in a suppression of LC activity.Conclusions  Our data imply that VDR expression controls dermal collagen production, hair development and growth, proliferation of sebaceous glands and the homeostasis of DETC. Surprisingly, VDR deficiency does not influence LC phenotype and function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06392.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    N-retinoyl-D-glucosamine, a new retinoic acid agonist, mediates topical retinoid efficacy with no irritation on photoaged skin (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 153 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background  Chronic ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight induces wrinkle formation. Retinoic acid (RA) can markedly improve wrinkles, although RA does have some side-effects, such as skin irritation. As the efficacy and cytotoxicity of RA has been traced to its free carboxylic acid, we synthesized a new molecule, N-retinoyl-D-glucosamine (GRA), in which a glucosamine has been attached to the polar end group of all-trans retinoic acid.Objectives  To analyse the effect of topical GRA in wrinkle repair and anti-irritation in photoaged mice compared with topical RA, as well as to determine retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) transactivation activity in vitro.Methods  Hairless mice were irradiated with 60 mJ cm−2 of UVB for 10 weeks, and then topically treated with 0·05% GRA or 0·05% RA for 8 weeks. An in vitro transcriptional assay was performed and the activity of GRA in 293 cells transfected with RAR-α or RXR-α expression plasmid and luciferase reporter plasmid then determined.Results  Topical GRA and RA brought about almost complete disappearance of the wrinkles caused by UVB irradiation. The two ligands promoted both a wide repair zone histologically, and the expression of type 1 collagen in the skin. In contrast, topical GRA treatment did not produce irritation such as erythema or roughness, or alteration of transepidermal water loss values, compared with RA. In the in vitro luciferase assay, GRA resulted in significant dose-dependent RAR transactivation activity in a 100 times higher concentration range than RA. GRA did not mediate RXR transactivation activity at all.Conclusions  Topical GRA appears to be able to repair photoaged skin damage without any of the irritation caused by topical RA, probably via RAR transactivation activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06967.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ultrasonic relaxation studies of ternary and quaternary systems containing 2-butoxyethanol, water, decane, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 92 (1988), S. 4127-4134 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100325a027
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The intestinal microflora of Japanese migratory fish (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 35 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03405.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Direct measurement of air and precipitation particle motion by very high frequency Doppler radar (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 316 (1985), S. 712-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] MST (mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere) radars are sensitive, high-power VHF/UHF Doppler radars that can detect clear-air (refractive-index) fluctuations or turbulence in the middle atmosphere (altitude range of 10-100 km2'3). Received echoes are Doppler shifted because of radial motion of the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/316712a0
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Radio acoustic measurement of temperature profile in the troposphere and stratosphere (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 323 (1986), S. 426-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Researches on RASS, initiated by Marshall et all9 have been advanced during the past decade by several groups 2~4 in various countries, who have concentrated on atmospheric temperature measurements in the planetary boundary layer up to ~2 km above the ground. Most of these experiments used a RASS ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/323426a0
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