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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonequilibrium response in attenuating smooth plane-wave fronts (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 2987-2997 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It has been clarified in an earlier work [Y. Sano, J. Appl. Phys. 65, 3857 (1989)] that the locations of attenuating peaks in smooth strain, particle velocity, and stress profiles in a smooth plane-wave front differ, that is, the order of peak precedence is stress, particle velocity, and strain. As a result of the precedence order, the wave front composed of elementary waves such as a contraction wave C, mesocontraction waves I and II, and a vice-rarefaction wave R was formed. That the process is degraded by another rarefaction wave Rb which first follows the wave R, and then outruns the waves R, II, and I in sequence, has also been proved. [Y. Sano, J. Appl. Phys. 67, 4072 (1990)]. After the completion of the degradation process, the wave front, i.e., the wave C, may attenuate little, but steepen. This paper extends the process under consideration to include the steepening process during which the wave C approaches a steady state. In addition to this extension, stationary phenomena in strain, particle velocity, and stress-time profiles are shown to be able to take place in the degradation process. It is one of the main purposes of this paper to show through the phenomena that the response caused by the wave fronts during the process will be unsteady and nonequilibrium. Furthermore, universal properties of the stress-particle velocity paths are clarified. The properties involve concavity or convexity of the path curves produced by the waves C, I, II, and R. Universal properties of the stress-strain paths such as concavity, convexity, or inflection of the path curves by the waves C, I, II, and R are also clarified. Through the behavior of the stress-particle velocity and stress-strain paths having the properties mentioned above, it is also shown that the response caused by the waves will be unsteady and nonequilibrium. The stationary phenomena, the universal properties, and the stress-particle velocity and stress-strain behaviors are compared with the previous experiments and computational data. Another main purpose of this paper is to confirm through comparison the occurrence of the elementary waves and the degradation process in the experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348612
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the two most common Wx alleles on different genetic backgrounds in rice (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Wxa and Wxb are the most common alleles of the Wx gene in Asian cultivated rice. The difference between them is responsible for differences in the levels of the Wx gene product in the endosperm, as well as in amylose content, which is an important determinant of the quality of edible rice. Since Indica rice mostly carries the Wxa allele, we introduced the Wxb allele into Indica-type rice (IR36) from a Japonica-type rice (T65) by repeated backcrossing. In the near-isogenic line (IR36 Wxb), the level of the Wx gene product was reduced and, as expected, the level of amylose. However, IR36Wxb had a lower amylose content than the recurrent parent of T65 with the Wxb allele. The results suggest that the Indica (IR36) background might lower the amylose content more than the Japonica (T65) background when the Wx allele is the same. The possible importance of modifiers that regulate expression of the Wx gene is also discussed in relation to improvements in the grain quality of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00533.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of basophils by immunohistochemistry in the airways of post-mortem cases of fatal asthma (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There is increasing evidence for the role of basophils in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. To examine the presence of basophils in the airways of patients with fatal asthma by immunohistochemistry, we stained lung tissues from four post-mortem cases who had died from severe asthmatic attacks and four controls with a monoclonal antibody raised against tryptase (AA-1) and anti-IgE. Mast cells and basophils were identified in the bronchioles as A A-1- and anti-IgE-positive cells, and anti-IgE-posilive cells, respectively. Airway mast cells were found beneath the basemenl membrane, near blood vessels in the submucosa, and adjacent to the submucosal glands, and scattered throughout the muscle bundles. There was a significant increase of mast cells in the asthma group compared with the control group (203.5 ± 84.6/mm2, mean ± s. d. vs 37.7 ± 8.7/mm2, P 〈 0.05, n= 4). In contrast, basophils were observed in the airway lumen, in the bronchial epithelium and in the submucosa. The number of basophils in the bronchioles was 81.8 ± 55.5/mm2 (n= 4); however, basophils were not found at all in the airways of the control group. Although eosinophils, B lymphocytes and macro-phages bear low affinity IgE receptors and could react with anti-IgE, the location of these cells in the close sections did not correspond closely with basophils. The presence of basophils in lung tissues obtained from fatal asthma patients supports the view that basophils play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00276.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased levels of a TH2-type CC chemokine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) in serum and induced sputum of asthmatics (2002)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Cytokines liberated by TH2 cells play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Recent studies have demonstrated that CC chemokine receptor (CCR)4 is preferentially expressed by TH2 cells. These facts suggest possible involvement of two CCR4-specific ligands i.e., thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma via recruitment of TH2 cells to inflammatory sites. We investigated the levels of TARC and MDC in the serum and induced sputum of asthmatics. Methods: The levels of TARC in the serum (46 asthmatics and 26 healthy subjects) and induced sputum (30 asthmatics and 6 healthy subjects) were measured using a highly sensitive ELISA system. The levels of eotaxin and MDC were also measured by ELISA. Results: TARC, but not MDC, was significantly increased in asthmatic sera (P〈0.001). Although MDC was undetectable in the sputum of most cases by our assay system, sputum TARC was significantly increased (P=0.027). Conclusions: The elevated TARC levels in asthmatics might be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.1s3256.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eotaxin in induced sputum of asthmatics: relationship with eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein in sputum (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Eosinophilic inflammation is a crucial aspect of allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma. An eosinophil-active chemokine, eotaxin, may play a role in the pathogenesis of the tissue eosinophilia accompanying asthma. Methods: Induced sputa were obtained from 53 patients with atopic asthma and six healthy subjects, and the concentration of eotaxin in the sputum was measured by ELISA. We investigated whether the sputum content of eotaxin is related to 1) asthma status or corticosteroid therapy, and 2) other sputum indices, including percentage of eosinophils and concentration of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Results: The patients with stable or unstable asthma showed significantly higher concentrations of sputum eotaxin than the normal controls. The level of sputum eotaxin demonstrated a positive correlation with the percentage of eosinophils in stable asthmatics not receiving corticosteroid therapy, but not in stable patients treated with corticosteroids, or in unstable patients. Sputum eotaxin demonstrated a positive correlation with ECP in asthmatic patients who were either in a stable state or not receiving steroid therapy. Conclusions: The elevated level of eotaxin detected in association with increased eosinophils and ECP in the sputum of asthmatics suggests that eotaxin is involved in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The relationship of eotaxin to airway eosinophilia may be modified by the stability status of asthma and corticosteroid therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00474.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case of T-cell lymphoma associated with panniculitis, progressive pancytopenia and hyperbilirubinaemia (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 123 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 57-year-old woman with T-cell lymphoma developed subcutaneous tumours and panniculitis and also a progressive pancytopenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01482.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High Performance AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with Recessed Gate (2002)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 389-393 (Apr. 2002), p. 1511-1514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/06/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.389-393.1511.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retrotransposition of a plant SINE into the wx locus during evolution of rice (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 38 (1994), S. 132-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Plant SINE ; retroposon ; Rice evolution ; wx locus ; Oryza sativa ; PCR ; Repetitive sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new type of plant retroposon, p-SINE1, has been found in the wx locus of rice (Oryza sativa). It has some structural characteristics similar to those of mammalian SINEs, such as members of the Alu or Bl family. In order to estimate the time at which the integration of p-SINE1 into a single locus occurred during rice evolution, we examined the distribution of two members of p-SINE1 in several species of the Oryza genus by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We found that one member of p-SINE1 (p-SINE1-r2) in the ninth intron of the wx + gene was present only in two closely related species, O. sativa and O. rufipogon, and was not present in the other species carrying the AA genome within the Oryza genus. This result indicates that p-SINE1-r2 was integrated into the wx locus after O. sativa and O. rufipogon had diverged from other species with the AA genome. In contrast to p-SINE1-r2, another member (p-SINE1-rl) located in the untranslated 5′-region of the wx + gene was present not only in all species with the AA genome but also in species with a different genome (CCDD). This result suggests that p-SINE1-rl was integrated into that position prior to the genomic divergence. Thus, it appears that each member of p-SINE1 was retroposed at a specific site at a different time during rice evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00166160
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the variability of the 3′ terminal sequence of the turnip mosaic virus genome (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 126 (1992), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sequence of the 3′-terminal 1223 nucleotides (nts) of a Japanese isolate of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV-Jap) RNA has been determined. The sequence reveals a single open reading frame (ORF) which terminates at a position 212 nts upstream of the 3′ poly(A)-tract. Determination of the N-terminal amino acids of TuMV-Jap coat protein (CP) mapped the CP cistron within this ORF and revealed a Glu-Ala dipeptide sequence as the putative cleavage site by which the CP is released from the viral polyprotein. The predicted amino acid sequence of the TuMV-Jap CP shows 97.2% identity with that of a Canadian isolate of TuMV (TuMV-Can) and 99% with a second, Chinese, isolate (TuMV-Chi). However, the 3′-terminal non-translated region (NTR) of TuMV-Jap RNA is significantly shorter (212 nts) than the 3′-NTR of TuMV-Can RNA (668 nts), but of equal length as the 3′-NTR of the TuMV-Chi isolate which also measures 212 nts. The 3′-NTRs of both the TuMV-Jap and TuMV-Chi RNAs show homology with the first 201 nucleotides of the TuMV-Can RNA 3′-NTR. A search in the EMBL nucleotide sequence database revealed that the 467 nt-long unique extension of the 3′-NTR of TuMV-Can RNA has 89.8% homology to a part of the chloroplast ribosomal protein 12 gene (rsp 12-gene). Irrespective of the origin of this extra sequence in the reported TuMV-Can sequence, which may have been introduced by a genuine RNA recombination event, it is concluded that the standard TuMV genome has a CP gene of 864 nts and an conserved 3′-NTR of approximately 212 nucleotides in length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309697
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural differences in the vicinity of the waxy locus among the Oryza species with the AA-genome: identification of variable regions (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 376-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words AA-genome ; BAC clone ; Oryza species ; The waxy locus ; Variable regions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We constructed a fine physical map for a 260-kb rice BAC contig surrounding the waxy locus. In order to identify variable regions within this 260-kb as to the restriction fragments length polymorphisms and copy numbers, sixty overlapping fragments derived from the 260-kb contig were used as probes to compare their corresponding structures among the Oryza species with AA-genome. According to the hybridization patterns, each fragment was classified into four types; true single copy (class 1), single copy with a smear background (class 2), multiple copy without a smear background (class 3), and only a smear background (class 4). Out of 16 single copy (class 1 and class 2) regions obtained in this map, the one site corresponding to wx gave rise to remarkable polymorphisms among AA-genome species in Oryza. In most of the fragments observed as repetitive segments (class 4), we could not find obvious differences in the hybridization pattern. However, interestingly, one site sorted into class-3 showed copy numbers varying among the lines. The lines belonging to O. sativa O. rufipogon, O. meridionalis,and O. longistaminata possessed high-copy numbers of this fragment, whereas only a few bands were detected in the lines from O. glaberrima, O. barthii, and O. glumaepatula. The two variable regions found within the AA-genome species represented genomic dynamisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050049
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