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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume Nous avons examiné l'attractivité d'un nouveau mélange synthétique fait à partir de cinq composés phéromonaux de la glande mandibulaire chez la reine d'abeille domestique sur l'attraction d'ouvrières durant l'essaimage ainsi que l'inhibition de la production des cellules royales. Le mélange est constitué de trois acides: 9-kéto-2 (E)-acide décénoiques (9ODA), etR-(−)- etS-(+)-9 hydroxy-2 (E)-acide décénoique (9HDA), et des deux aromatiques:p-hydroxyzenzoate méthyle (HOB) et 4-hydroxy-3-méthoxyphényléthanol (HVA). Il est significativement plus actif que ne le sont les composés unitaires pris séparément ou en combinaisons de moins de cinq dans la formation de la suite royale (Slessor et al., 1988). Nos expériences ont inclus les traitements suivants: reines vivantes, extraits de glande mandibulaire, combinaison des trois acides décénoiques et des acides décénoiques avec les aromatiques HOB et HVA. Tandis que les phéromones de la glande mandibulaire attiraient les ouvrières durant l'essaimage et inhibaient la production des cellules royales, la reine était toujours la plus active. Cependant, l'effet du mélange des cinq composés a toujours été comparable ou supérieur à celui de l'extrait mandibulaire, suggérant que des phéromones non-mandibulaires additionnelles peuvent aussi être impliquées dans ces fonctions. La combinaison des deux aromatiques, HOB et HVA, avec les trois acides décénoiques, 9ODA,R-(−)-9HDA, etS-(+)-9HDA, a engendré une activité plus forte que les acides décénoiques seuls. L'élévation d'activité du mélange complet de cinq composés a produit des effets allant d'une faible augmentation qualitative de la formation du groupe à une élévation quantitative modérée de l'inhibition de la production des cellules royales et jusqu'à une forte augmentation quantitative de la formation de la suite royale.
    Notes: Summary In this study, we examined the role of a new, five-component synthetic blend of queen bee mandibular gland pheromone in the attraction of worker bees to artificial swarm clusters, as well as the inhibition of queen rearing. This blend, which consists of three acids: 9-keto-2 (E)-decenoic acid (9ODA), andR-(−)- andS-(+)-9-hydroxy-2 (E)-decenoic acid (9HDA), and two aromatics: methylp-hydroxybenzoate (HOB) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethanol (HVA), has recently been shown to be significantly more active than any of its individual components, alone or in combinations of less than five components, in retinue formation around the queen (Slessor et al., 1988). In the current research, treatments included live queens, mandibular gland extracts, the three decenoic acids together, and the decenoic acids plus the aromatics HOB and HVA. While mandibular gland pheromones attracted workers during swarming and inhibited queen rearing, the queen always showed the strongest activity. However, the five-component blend was always equal to or better than the mandibular extract, suggesting that additional, non-mandibular pheromones may also be involved in these functions. The combination of the two aromatics, HOB and HVA, with the three decenoic acids, 9ODA,R-(−)-9HDA, andS-(+)-9HDA, showed stronger activity than the decenoic acids alone. The enhanced activity of the full, five-component blend exhibited a range of effects from a slight, qualitative enhancement of cluster formation to a moderate, quantitative enhancement of queen rearing inhibition, to a strong, highly significant enhancement of retinue formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Aminobenzoic acids are of major interest in clinical analysis, but their determination in environmental samples has been rarely done. Therefore a method for the determination of 10 aminobenzoic acids in water has been developed, using high-performance liquid chromatography with combined diode array and fluorescence detection. A separation of the analytes has been achieved with a buffer pH 3/methanol gradient. The general elution order has been m-substituted〈p-subst.〈o-subst. aminobenzoic acids. UV and fluorescence data are presented. In a highly polluted water sample of the former ammunition plant Stadtallendorf/Hessen, 4-aminobenzoic acid, 2-amino- benzoic acid and 2-amino-4-nitrobenzoic acid have been detected. After passing a charcoal filter, only the concentration of 4-aminobenzoic acid in a sample from the same site has been above the detection limit. Besides the ten analytes investigated, several unknown compounds have been present in the samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 23 (1967), S. 599-600 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The complex-stability of certain halogenpyrimidines with copper is discussed in connection with their significance as inhibitors of enzymatic reactions in cancer-tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Two composting systems were compared on a laboratory scale as a bioremediation technology for degradation or immobilization of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in contaminated soils. The first compost was aerated from the beginning whereas the second compost was only aerated after an anaerobic prephase of 65 days. In the first compost system the TNT concentration declined rapidly by 92% but, at the end, TNT could be partially recovered. During the anaerobic prephase of the second compost system, TNT was almost completely converted to aminodinitrotoluenes, which during the subsequent aeration almost entirely disappeared. In addition, the second compost generated less toxic material than the first one as confirmed by inhibition of bioluminescence of Vibrio fischeri. These data show that microbiological TNT-degradation systems can be successfully designed which are prerequisite for an efficient bioremediation of contaminated soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two composting systems were compared on a laboratory scale as a bioredediation technology for degradation or immobilization of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in contaminated soils. The first compost was aerated from the beginning whereas the second compost was only aerated after an anaerobic prephase of 65 days. In the first compost system the TNT concentration declined rapidly by 92% but, at the end, TNT could be partially recovered. During the anaerobic prephase of the second compost system, TNT was almost completely converted to aminodinitrotoluenes, which during the subsequent aeration almost entirely disappeared. In addition, the second compost generated less toxic material than the first one as confirmed by inhibition of bioluminescence ofVibrio fischeri. These data show that microbiological TNT-degradation systems can be successfully designed which are prerequisite for an efficient bioremediation of contaminated soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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