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  • 1
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The amino acid nicotianamine (NA) is essential for micronutrient metabolism in plants. Lack of NA results in a chlorotic phenotype and oxidative stress, since NA is a chelator of iron and other metal nutrients. To investigate the precise cellular function of NA in micronutrient transport and homeostasis, a protocol for the production of [14C]-labelled NA was developed. Recombinant NA synthase was used to generate [14C]-NA from [14C]-S-adenosylmethionine. After purification by solid-phase ion exchange about 66% yield was achieved. The identity of the [14C]-NA with chemically synthesized NA was demonstrated by several independent methods, including two TLC systems, two HPLC systems and immuno-detection. Moreover, biological function was shown by complementation of the Lycopersicon esculentum mutant chloronerva that is free of NA due to a defect in NA synthase. Proof-of-function for the produced [14C]-NA as a suitable tool for transport studies was provided monitoring the distribution of [14C]-NA after feeding to tomato and Ricinus communis seedlings.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Using immunological tissue printing we detected transient expression of a faba bean vicilin gene with or without introns driven by the B1 hordein promoter in barley endosperm after particle bombardment. The described method generally allows the analysis of transient expression of genes without depending on reporter gene constructs and specifically suggests correct splicing of dicot introns by a monocot splicing machinery.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 24 (1986), S. 72-82 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Schlagwort(e): Balbiani ring ; Chironomus ; DNA sequence comparison ; Gene conversion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The 3′-end sequences of two nonallelic genes derived from the Balbiani ring c (BRc) locus ofChironomus thummi are described. Only one of the genes appears to be transcribed abundantly in normal late larval salivary glands. The two sequences are highly similar, even in the 3′ untranslated regions, but sharply diverge beyond the polyadenylation site. Together with evidence from the 3′ ends of BR1 and BR2 genes ofC. pallidivittatus andC. tentans, independently characterized by others, this result suggests the existence of a sequence-homogenization mechanism that operates across the 3′ ends of all BR genes characterized to date. The 3′-terminal coding region of each BRc gene is divided into two portions by a short intron. The upstream portion is homologous to and continuous with the tandem repeats that make up the internal core of each BR gene; however, that portion is variant in sequence relative to the core, and apparently is not subject to the homogenization process that operates on the core repeats. The portion downstream of the intron encodes a unique, 111-residue polypeptide highly different from the rest of the BRc product. The evolution of the various segments of the BRc genes is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Schlagwort(e): Balbiani ring ; Repeat ; Evolution ; Repetitive DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary All known types of Balbiani ring (BR) gene consist of multiple, tandemly arranged, ca. 180 to 300-bp repeat units that can be divided into a constant region and a subrepeat region. The latter region includes short tandem subrepeats (SRs). Comparison of all available BR sequences using computer methods has enabled us (a) to define more precisely the constant and subrepeat regions, (b) to infer the evolutionary relationships among the various types of BR repeats, (c) to derive a consensus approximation of an ancestral sequence from a small segment of which the highly diverse present-day SRs may have originated, and (d) to detect an underlying substructure in the constant region, evident in the consensus but not in the present-day sequences and possibly corresponding to an original 39-bp DNA segment from which the extant, giant BR sequences may have evolved. We discuss the processes of reduplication, diversification, and homogenization within the hierarchically repetitive BR sequences as examples of how a simple DNA element may evolve into a diverse family of large, protein-coding genes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract 5 S RNA of Chironomus thummi larvae was purified from total phenol extracted RNA by gel filtration and labelled to about 107 dpm/μg with carrier-free iodine-125. After hybridization in situ of 125I-5S RNA and autoradiography only region B3c-e (containing two “normal” and two very faint bands) of chromosome II of salivary gland cells was highly labelled. In chromosomes of an animal showing pairing discontinuities a clearly “heterozygous” labelling of the 5 S RNA region was found. Region B3c-e shows no clearcut morphological signs of puffing or autoradiographically detectable 3H-uridine incorporation in spite of a continuous synthesis of 5 S RNA in salivary gland cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1985), S. 63-71 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary The recombinant phage λG1 has been identified by screening 700 plaques of a Charon 4A library, containing DNA of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, for phage clones directing the hydrolysis of lichenan in Escherichia coli, as indicated by haloes surrounding plaques on lichenan agar. The gene coding for an endo-β-1.3–1.4-glucanase was recloned within a 3.6 kb EcoRI fragment into the EcoRI site of plasmid pBR322, in both orientations. The location and extent of the bgl gene on the 3.6 kb Bacillus DNA insert was estimated by insertion mutagenesis with transposon Tn5 and restriction mapping of Tn5 insertions within or near to the bgl gene. The β-glucanase synthesized by E. coli harbouring plasmids pEG1 or pEG2 was shown to accumulate mainly in the periplasmic space but β-glucanase activities were also detected extracellulary and in the cytoplasm. The molecular weight of the enzyme synthesized in E. coli harbouring pEG1 was estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be about 24000. It was shown that the level of bgl gene expression in E. coli varies about 10-fold, depending on the orientation of the 3.6 kb DNA-fragment cloned within the EcoRI site of pBR322. After insertion of HindIII-DNA fragments from phage into the HindIII site of the β-glucanase-high-expression plasmid pEG1, we obtained clones also showing an approximately 10-fold reduction in β-glucanase activites. It was thus concluded that on plasmid pEG1 the leftward acting Apr (PI) promotor of plasmid pBR322 strongly increases the expression in E. coli of the cloned B. amyloliquefaciens bgl gene.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): cDNA clone (sucrose synthase) ; Gene expression (sucrose synthase, seed development) ; Nucleotide sequence (sucrose synthase) ; Seed development ; Sucrose synthase (cloning, expression, regulation) ; Vicia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Copy-DNA clones encoding a single class of sucrose-synthase (SUCS; EC 2.4.1.13) subunit have been isolated and sequenced from a Vicia faba L. seed cotyledonary library. Southern analyses indicated the existence of only one gene. Transcript levels determined by Northern blot hybridisation steadily increased until the middle of development [25–35 days after flowering (DAF)] and declined thereafter. Sucrose levels approximately paralleled levels of SUCS mRNA. The activity of SUCS increased with decreasing fructose and glucose concentrations and peaked about 10 d later than mRNA levels. In-vitro culture experiments demonstrated that increasing the sucrose concentration leads to increased levels of SUCS mRNA. The SUCS mRNA was also synthesised in seed-coat tissue, but in lower amounts than in cotyledons and with a different developmental profile. The early peak level of SUCS mRNA (20 DAF) in seed coats coincided with the peak in the amount of sucrose and with a peak of transiently synthesised starch.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): cis-regulatory elements ; Vicia faba ; seed protein gene ; promoter deletions ; seed-specific expression ; transgenic tobacco
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We have identified cis-regulatory elements within the 5′-upstream region of a Vicia faba non-storage seed protein gene, called usp, by studying the expression of usp-promoter deletion fragments fused to reporter genes in transgenic tobacco seeds. 0.4 kb of usp upstream sequence contain at least six, but probably more, distinct cis-regulatory elements which are responsible for seemingly all quantitative, spatial and temporal aspects of expression. Expression-increasing and-decreasing elements are interspersed and include an AT-rich sequence, a G-box element and a CATGCATG motif. The latter acts as a negative element in contrast to what has been found for the same motif in legumin-and vicilin-type seed storage protein gene promoters. Seed specificity of expression is mainly determined by the −68/+51 region which confers, however, only very low levels of expression. The data support the combinatiorial model of promoter function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): gene family ; legumin (high-molecular-weight polypeptide) ; storage protein gene ; Vicia faba
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Nucleotide sequence information from a partial genomic clone, a cDNA clone, a RACE clone and a PCR fragment was combined to reconstruct the first reported complete gene sequence encoding a large legumin subunit, designated LelB3. The length difference to the well-characterized major legumin subunits is caused by an extended glutamin/glutamic acid-rich region encoded by the C-terminal part of the α chain. Amino acid sequence comparisons reveal that gene LelB3 is more closely related to B-type than to A-type legumin genes of Vicia faba. Gene LelB3 is a member of a small gene family as indicated by published (Pich and Schubert, Biol Zbl 112 (1993); 342–350) and limited own data.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): oleosin ; gene expression ; seed development ; Arabidopsis thaliana
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Oleosins are proteins associated with lipid bodies mainly synthesised during seed development. Using a subtractive hybridisation approach two new members of the oleosin gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana have been isolated. The quantitative and temporal expression patterns of both genes are found to be affected in the fus3 mutant defective in late embryogenesis. This pattern is interpreted as a molecular marker for a mutant specific developmental change from a seed maturation toa germination pathway.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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