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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adamantinoma of bone (1982)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 398 (1982), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Bone neoplasms ; Adamantinoma ; Ultrastructure ; Immunoenzyme ; Tibia/fibula ; Keratin ; Blood group antigens ; Factor VIII-related antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adamantinoma of bone is a rare tumor, and fine structural analysis has been done in only a few cases. We report four cases studied by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical methods. Ultrastructural evaluation revealed a characteristic constellation of features, including intracellular bundles of type I microfilaments, moderate numbers of evenly dispersed mitochondria, scattered profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum, occasional Golgi bodies and lysosomes, and scattered glycogen particles. Microvillous processes and desmosomes were identified in all tumors. Well-formed basement membranes enveloped cell clusters but did not surround individual cells. Intercellular basement membrane-like material also was found focally in pools. Ultrastructural features of endothelial differentiation, including Weibel-Palade bodies, micropinocytotic vesicles, and tight junctions, were not identified. Immunoperoxidase stains for coagulation factor VIII (von Willebrand factor) and blood group antigens were negative, whereas similar stains for keratin were positive. Our findings strongly suggest that adamantinoma is a neoplasm expressing definite epithelial, rather than endothelial, characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00585615
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibodies, types 1 and 2: their utility in the study of tumors of the nervous system (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 96 (1998), S. 329-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibodies ; Central nervous system ; Immunohistochemistry ; Tumor classification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This is a comprehensive immunohistochemical study of selected archival tumors of the nervous system applying human anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibodies of types 1 and 2 (ANNA-1 and -2), serum markers of paraneoplastic syndromes associated primarily with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Neither ANNA-1 nor ANNA-2 bound to glial tumors regardless of histological grade and subtype; instead they labeled neurons in overrun normal parenchyma. Central neurocytomas and the neuronal components of mixed glioneuronal tumors were also immunoreactive for both. In addition, varying proportions of tumor cells were stained in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), tuber and neuroblastoma. All other tumors were nonreactive, namely choroid plexus papilloma, pituitary adenoma, pineocytoma, pheochromocytoma, thymic and pulmonary carcinoid, chordoma, meningioma, schwannoma and metastatic melanoma. SCLC was immunonegative for ANNA-1 and ANNA-2 in paraffin preparations, but displayed strong immunoreactivity for both in frozen sections: this discrepancy was not observed in other tumors studied. In conclusion, the human IgG autoantibodies ANNA-1 and ANNA-2 provide novel tools for studying the cytogenesis of tumors of the nervous system in that they permit the identification of both normal and neoplastic, poorly differentiated and small neuronal cells that may escape detection using commercially available anti-neuronal antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050902
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ganglion cells in the posterior pituitary: result of ectopia or transdifferentiation? (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 106-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Posterior pituitary ; Ganglion cell ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ectopia ; Transdifferentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histologic examination revealed large ganglion cells within the posterior pituitary of an 80-year-old woman who died of myocardial infarction. Apparently fully mature, the cells were an incidental finding scattered within hyperplastic foci of pars intermedia (PI)-derived cells (basophil invasion) on histologic examination of the pituitary obtained at autopsy. Immunocytochemistry showed staining reactivity for neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, alpha subunit of the glycoprotein hormones and beta-endorphin. The presence of these ganglion cells with features similar to those of magnocellular hypothalamic neurons could be considered the result of abnormal migration during the early phase of embryonic life, or differentiation/maturation of neuroblasts, presumed to occur in the embryonic neurohypophysis. Alternatively, transdifferentiation from proliferating PI cells may explain the emergence of neurons; a hypothesis supported by the proximity and shared alpha subunit, and beta-endorphin immunoreactivities of the two cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051200
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of vascular endothelial growth factor in the GH3 cell line (2000)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 300 (2000), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: GH3 cell line Immunocytochemistry Pituitary Prolactin VEGF Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The question of whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expressed in the GH3 cell line was investigated using immunocytochemistry, immunoelectron microscopy, and Western blotting. Using immunocytochemistry, VEGF was demonstrated in approximately 90% of the cells. Immunopositivity was localized mainly in the paranuclear Golgi region. In a small minority of cells, diffuse cytoplasmic immunostaining was also noted. By immunoelectron microscopy VEGF was evident in the secretory granules, cytoplasmic vesicles, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus. Western blotting confirmed the results of the morphologic studies. It can be concluded that VEGF, which is know to induce angiogenesis and to increase vascular permeability, is produced in the prolactin- and growth hormone (GH)-secreting GH3 cell line. The functional role of VEGF in the GH3 cells is unknown. It is possible that this growth factor affects endocrine activity of GH3 cells by a paracrine mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004419900173
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycolipids and myelin proteins in human oligodendrogliomas (1996)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 13 (1996), S. 433-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: brain tumours ; glioma ; gangliosides ; glycolipids ; myelin proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We studied myelin proteins and glycolipids in 24 human oligodendrogliomas (16 pure, eight mixed), including two grade I, 13 grade II, five grade III, and four grade IV Tumours with a 1b ganglioside content (GD1b, GT1b and GQ1b) over 30% of total gangliosides occur more frequently in the WHO grade I II and (47%) and grade III (40%) than in the grade IV (25%) group; there was no difference in the amounts of total ganglioside or individual gangliosides between pure and mixed oligodendrogliomas. The presence of 6′-LM1 correlated with higher grades of tumours (χ2 p≃0.02); however, 3′-LM1 and total neolacto-series gangliosides did not correlate with grade. Immunohistochemical studies of oligodendrocyte and myelin markers (GalCer, sulfatide, 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein) using specific antibodies showed only a very small proportion of tumour cells staining. These data do not support the hypothesis that tumours classified as oligodendrogliomas are derived from mature oligodendrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731476
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cisplatin-based chemotherapy in primary central nervous system germ cell tumors (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 12 (1992), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: germ cell tumors ; cisplatin ; chemotherapy ; pineal tumor ; brain neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a retrospective review of our experience with cisplatin-based chemotherapy in eight patients (ages 9–44 years) with histologically confirmed primary central nervous system germ cell tumors. Five patients received chemotherapy as the primary treatment, radiation therapy being administered either at completion of chemotherapy or between chemotherapy courses. Three patients received cisplatin-based chemotherapy for recurrent disease after prior radiation therapy and/or surgery. Four of five patients treated with chemotherapy at diagnosis are in complete remission at 11–14 months from diagnosis. The remaining patient twice achieved complete remission prior to dying of progressive disease 16 months after diagnosis. Two of three patients treated with chemotherapy for recurrent disease are in complete remission at 20 and 26 months; the remaining patient deteriorated after the first cycle of chemotherapy and expired six months thereafter. Overall, of seven patients evaluable for response, five achieved complete remission with chemotherapy alone, and two with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Our results confirm previous reports of high complete remission rates utilizing cisplatin-based chemotherapy in conjunction with radiation therapy. Prospective evaluation of cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy is warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172456
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial of recombinant interferon-alpha-2a and eflornithine in patients with recurrent glioma (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 36 (1998), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: glioma ; eflornithine ; interferon ; phase II ; brain neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Interferons alpha and beta have been reported to cause tumor regression in a small proportion of patients with recurrent glioma. Eflornithine, an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, reduces cellular polyamine levels and has also been reported to cause tumor regression in patients with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme. In vitro evidence suggests that interferon and eflornithine are synergistic. In this phase II trial, we investigated the combination of recombinant alpha interferon (36 × 106 units/m2 subcutaneously days 3 to 7) and eflornithine (2.25 g/m2 QID PO days 1 to 7) repeated every 28 days. All 29 patients entered in the study were evaluable for toxicity and efficacy. Toxicity consisted primarily of fever, chills, myalgia, weakness and fatigue as well as cortical dysfunction including somnolence, confusion, and exacerbation of underlying neurologic deficits. One patient died from cerebral herniation attributable to interferon. None of the patients experienced objective tumor regression. Seven patients (24%) were stable for more than six months, but the disease stability could also be explained by indolent underlying disease or inability to distinguish recurrent tumor from delayed radiation effects. Intermittent high-dose recombinant interferon alpha plus eflornithine demonstrated no definite antitumor effects in this trial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005870329601
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in childhood (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 2 (1984), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: nerve sheath tumor ; pediatric nerve tumor ; von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is an uncommon sarcoma in the pediatric population; however, its presence should be considered in a child with an enlarging or painful soft-tissue mass. Diagnosis of this neoplasm depends on either the demonstration of its origin within a peripheral nerve or the association with a contiguous neurofibroma. We have identified 16 cases of MPNST involving children 16 years of age or less, which represent 12.8% of the total cases seen at the Mayo Clinic. Most of the lesions arose in children with von Recklinghausen's disease and were associated with a contiguous neurofibromatous component. The mean survival of patients who were known to have died of tumor was only 1.8 years. This sarcoma requires prompt aggressive therapy utilizing wide surgical excision. Because of the association of MPNST with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis, a careful workup and family history should be obtained for the potential prognostic value and for the purpose of genetic counseling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253276
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II study of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in recurrent primary brain tumor (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 30 (1996), S. 243-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: recurrent glioma ; 5-fluorouracil ; leucovorin ; radiation therapy ; astrocytoma ; oligodendroglioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty patients with recurrent primary brain tumors were treated with a combination of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. There were three responses seen. Toxicity consisted of stomatitis, diarrhea, and hematological suppression. 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin would appear to be minimally effective in recurrent brain tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177275
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The results of radiotherapy for brainstem tumors (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 40 (1998), S. 171-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: brainstem tumors ; surgery ; radiation therapy ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: This analysis was performed to examine the outcome of adult and pediatric patients with brainstem tumors. Methods and materials: Forty patients with brainstem glioma were evaluated retrospectively. Included were 24 females and 16 males ranging in age from 3 to 81 years (median, 29.5 years). These patients were treated with various combinations of surgery, chemotherapy, and ratiotherapy (RT). The length of follow-up in survivors ranged from 0.6 to 20 years (median: 3.2 years, mean: 6 years). Survival rates were calculated with the Kaplan Meier method and differences between survival curves were calculated using the log-rank test. Results: The overall 2 and 5-year survival rates were 44% and 34%, respectively. The median survival time was 19 months. The 5-year survival rate was 54% for patients with tumors outside the pons compared to 21% for those with tumors involving the pons (p=0.04). The 5-year survival rate was 59% for patients with exophytic tumors as compared to 23% for those with intrinsic tumors (p=0.05). Patients undergoing subtotal resection had a 5-year survival rate of 53% compared to 28% for those having only a biopsy or no surgical intervention (p=0.04). None of the other potential prognostic or treatment related factors evaluated [patient age, tumor grade, tumor histology, radiotherapy parameters (including BID fractionation, 3-D treatment planning, or the use of doses 〉 55 Gy), or the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy] evaluated were associated with patient survival. Conclusions: Brainstem gliomas generally occur in younger individuals. The survival rates were better for patients with exophytic tumors, those involving sites other than the pons, and tumors amenable to subtotal resection. Improvements in the outcome of patients with brainstem gliomas will require new therapeutic approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006193306286
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