Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (1,281)
  • 1980-1984  (1,281)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1981  (1,281)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (963)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (318)
  • Nuclear reactions
Source
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (1,281)
Material
Years
  • 1980-1984  (1,281)
  • 1955-1959
Year
Keywords
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved method for the dynamic measurement of mass transfer coefficient for application to solid-substrate fermentation (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1611-1622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new method has been developed for the measurement of overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KLa) in gas-liquid-solid systems. This method is based on the examination of gas phase dynamics in a three-phase contactor and consists of measuring continuously the response of the outlet gas composition to a step input change of CO2 in the inlet gas stream. The advantages and limitations of the new method are presented and its sensitivity is discussed on the basis of model predictions. Preliminary results on the implementation of the CO2 method are also reported. Experimental data obtained in a nonviscous electrolyte solution show that the proposed method compares favorably with the conventional dissolved oxygen technique, provided that a correction is made to take account of the difference in diffusivity of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230718
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eeffect of pH on growth in a respiration-deficient mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1623-1637 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of pH on the budding cycle of a respiration-deficient mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigation by monitoring the time course of bud development on single cells. The volume of each bud was measured at various time intervals between the inception of its development and inception of development of the next bud on the mother cell. A previous report that the budding cycle consisted of two phases (a rapid-growth phase and a slow-growth phase) was confirmed. With increase in pH from 3.8 to 6.0 the budding cycle shortened as a result of both increase in rate of the rapid-growth phase and decrease in the duration of the slow-growth phase. Although further increase in pH to 7.4 further increased the rate of the rapid-growth phase, the budding cycle lengthened as a result of an increase in time lag and increase in duration of the slow-growth phase. The growth rate, in terms of bud volume, conformed with the expression: (1/V)(dV/dτ) = ξ exp(-V/η), where the values of ξ and η were dependent on pH. The cell volume distribution in a batch culture was compared with the cell volume distribution calculated from the growth curve of a single bud. Similarities in the curves suggested that the growth pattern of a whole culture reflected the growth pattern of a single cell.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230719
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative investigation of various cellulase assay procedures (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1573-1590 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The cellulolytic activity of crude enzyme preparations from different cellulolytic fungi (namely Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma Koningii, Fusarium solani, Sporotrichum pulverulentum, Sporotrichum thermophile) was assayed comparatively with several common analytical procedures described in the literature. The investigation was carried out with the objective of evaluating, with raw culture filtrates, the different cellulase tests in relation to their specificity for endo- and exo-cellulase action as well as to allow comparisons to be made between results from different research groups using different methods. (1)Cellulase activity was tested viscometrically as well as chemically (determination of reducing end groups) with different carboxymethylcelluloses as substrates. Essentially constant ratios between both kinds of activities were obtained, indicating that they are directly related. Nevertheless, international units of activity, calculated from viscometric measurements (glycosidic bonds broken per unit time) were considerably lower than international units deduced from the increase in reducing power (glucose equivalents liberated per unit time), this discrepancy most likely accounted for by the predominant influence of the exo-cellulase component in cellulase tests based on the determination of reducing eng groups. (2) By estimating cellulase activity with insoluble cellulosic substrates no direct relationship could be established with the above-described activities except in the case where the cellulose was amorphous. The ratio profile between activities thus obtained and endo-cellulase activities determined viscometrically shows that some enzyme preparations (such as those from both Trichoderma sp.) are clearly more active than others against crystalline cellulose reflecting quantitative differences in enzyme composition. Nevertheless, for a biological understanding of cellulolysis. analytical procedures using crystalline celluloses are not adequate for specifically monitoring exo-cellulase activity in crude enzyme solutions for essentially two reasons: (a) they are not sufficiently sensitive to detect small changes in enzyme activity during the early phase of growth, and (b) exo-cellulase activity in crude enzyme solutions also depends on the endo-cellulase activity present.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230716
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cultural factors on cellulase activity and protein production by Aspergillus terreus (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1653-1659 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Protein production by Aspergillus terreus GN1 grown on 1.0% alkali-treated bagasse was studied under various cultural conditions. The maximum biomass protein content of 20.1% and protein recovery of 11.2% was obtained with an initial pH of 4.0, with 1/5 (v/v) inoculum in continuously shaken cultures grown for seven days. Protein content of the alkali-treated bagasse was 3.0%. Highest crude protein percent also corresponded with highest carboxymethyl cellulase and filter paper enzyme activities.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230721
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixed cultures: Commensalism and competition with Proteus vulgaris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1639-1651 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several modes of interaction are demonstrated and modeled in the Proteus vulgaris-Saccharomyces cerevisiae system, in particular, commensalism (citrate present. glucose limiting, the nicotinic acid required by the bacterium supplied by the yeast), and commensalism and competition [citrate absent, both organisms compete for the same limiting carbon source (glucose) and the yeast supplies the nicotinic acid for the bacterium]. By varying the medium component concentrations, competition (citrate absent, glucose limiting, nicotinic acid not limiting), mutualism (citrate excess, glucose limiting, nicotinic acid absent), and neutralism (citrate limiting, glucose limiting, and nicotinic acid excess) could also be created. Kinetic models for commensalism and commensalism plus competition were developed to describe cell growth, substrate utilization, and nicotinic acid production. Good agreement with experiment was obtained for the commensalism case.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230720
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of a continuous anaerobic culture of saccharomyces cerevisiae to variation of pH (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1661-1667 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230722
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Covalent attachment of papain to p-benzoquinone-activated cellulose (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1669-1674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230723
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230801
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of immobilized aminoacylase from Micrococcus agilis for isolation of D-phenylglycine from its racemic mixture (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1675-1681 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The procedure for isolation of D-phenylglycine from its racemic mixture by enzymatic hydrolysis of L-enantiomer of N-acetyl-D,L-phenylglycine is described. For this hydrolysis. aminoacylase from Micrococcus agilis immobilized by sorption of DEAE-cellulose was applied. As is also shown, the course of enzymatic reaction can be directly controlled by spectrophotometric method.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230802
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of nitrification using a fluidized sand bed reactor with attached growth (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1683-1702 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The oxidation of ammonium ion to nitrite and nitrate ion (nitrification) has been studied in a laboratory scale fluidized sand bed reactor with attached microbial growth. The undefined population of Nitrobacteracea organisms were immobilized on the sand particles by natural attachment after 2-3 months of adaptation. General balance equations have been formulated for a recycle reactor and oxygenation tank system. Kinetic experiments in the reactor and in a microrespirometer have been analyzed in terms of double Michaelis-Menten rate expression for the nitrogenous reactants and dissolved oxygen. Dynamic simulation of the batch integral reactor system was used to establish the error in the kinetic constant which arose due to assuming differential behavior. Design guidelines have been developed for the oxygen requirements in terms of oxygen transfer coefficients, oxygen enrichment, and liquid recycle rate.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230803
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrolysis of triglyceride by solid phase lipolytic enzymes of Rhizopus arrhizus in continuous reactor systems (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1703-1719 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Continuous hydrolysis of triglyceride in organic solvent systems using Rhizopus arrhizus mycelia as a source of insolubilized lipase has been studied in packed-bed and stirred-tank reactors. Typically a packed bed reactor containing 1 g of mycelia fed at 1 mL/min with a solution of 2.5% (w/v) olive oil in di-isopropyl ether gave a fatty acid yield of 45% at 30°C. The optimum water concentration was found to be 0.17% (w/v) except under conditions of high oil feed concentration and high yield where no optimum was established. No temperature optimum was observed over the range 20-55°C. Calculated activation energies of 13-20 kJ/mol, depending on temperature, were lower, while Km(app) values of 0.1-0.3M were higher than those for hydrolysis in conventional aqueous emulsion systems. No evidence of any significant diffusional limitation, which could account for these values, was obtained. The mycelia showed a loss of activity of 0.6-1.0%h at 30°C. The packed bed proved markedly superior to the stirred tank for this system.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230804
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of oxyreductases on inorganic supports based on alumina. Immobilization of lactate dehydrogenase on alumina by adsorption (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1721-1734 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was adsorbed on low-(γ, η) and high -(θ, α) temperature forms of alumina. θ-Al2O3 exhibited the greatest adsorption ability. The maximum adsorption value was 30 mg LDH/g of a carrier. The conditions for irreversible adsorption have been determined. An adsorption isotherm on θ-Al2O3 for pH 6.0 has been obtained; the LDHads surface area and the carrier surface portion accessible to the enzyme molecules have been calculated. The reaction kinetic parameter were determined by taking into account the reaction proceeding in the intradiffusional region. The specific catalytic activity (Aspec) of LDHads at small surface coverage of θ-Al2O3 is five times less than Aspec of the native enzyme and KMimm with respect to NADH exceeds KMnat by two orders or magnitude. The is evidence for a strong LDH-Al2O3 interaction and a considerable deformation of the enzyme globule. Aspec and KM decrease as the amount of the enzyme attached to the carrier increases. Due to adsorption. LDH becomes thermostable and durable. The LDHads samples conserve 20-40% of their activity at room temperature during a year.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230805
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mathematical model for the aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a saturated respiratory capacity (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1735-1762 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model for the aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in both batch and continuous culture is described. It was based on the experimental observation that the respiratory capacity of organism may become saturated and exhibit a maximum specific oxygen uptake rate after suitable adaptation. This experimental observation led to the possibility that transport into and out of the mitochondrion was of major importance in the overall metabolism of S. cerevisiae and was subject to long-term adaptation. Consistent with this observation a distributed model was proposed which. as its basis, assumed the control of repression or inhibition of the uptake rates of other substrates. No other regulation of fermentation and respiration was assumed. The model provided a suitable structure allowing precise quantification of the changes in rate and stoichiometry of energy production. The model clearly indicated that growth under the wide range of experimental conditions reported could not be predicted using constant values for the maximum specific respiratory rate of constant values of YATP (g biomass/mol ATP) and PO ratio of (mol ATP/atom oxygen). The causes of the variation in the respiratory rate were not determined and it was concluded that a more detailed analysis (reported subsequently) was required. The variation of YATP and PO ratio with specific growth rate implied that the efficiency of ATP generation or ATP utilization decreased with increasing specific growth rate. It was concluded that it was not possible to quantify the individual effect of YATP and PO ratio until independent means for their reliable estimation is available.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230806
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulse response in an immobilized-enzyme column: Elution profiles in reversible and consecutive reactions (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1961-1976 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A pulse of substrate solution was applied to an immobilized-enzyme column, in which the substrate was then converted by reversible or consecutive reactions. Immobilized glucose isomerase was used for the reversible reaction, and immobilized invertase and glucose oxidase for the consecutive reactions. The elution profiles of substrate and product were determined experimentally. These profiles were in good agreement with the ones predicted theoretically. The effect of some parameters on the elution profiles for reversible and consecutive reactions is discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230903
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some properties of a papain-agarose reactor provided with a pH monitor (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1977-1989 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A small reactor of immobilized papain was used to gain some knowledge about the effect of immobilization upon the reactivity of the enzyme towards one substrate and various types of inhibitors. A buffer solution containing benzoyl-arginine ethyl ester as substrate was run through a small column of papain immobilized by attachment to agarose beads. The pH of the effluent was measured continuously and provided the data used to calculate the substrate conversion during passage through the reactor. The operation of the system was checked by determining the substrate conversion as a function of flow rate. It proved to operate as theory demanded. The rate and extent of inhibition were measured after addition of various inhibitors to the buffer-substrate solution. The following quantities of immobilized papain were found to be equal within ±20% to those of the free enzyme in solution: the overall activity, the Km of benzoyl-arginine ethyl ester, the Ki of the competitive inhibitor benzoylamino-acetonitrile, the rate of inactivation by chloroacetic acid and by chloroacetamide, the rate of activation by cysteine of the mixed disulfide of papain and cysteine, and the rate of spontaneous reactivation of the KCNO-papain adduct. The inactivation by KCNO proved to be strongly pH dependent. This may explain why the rate of the latter reaction is only 66% of the rate with free enzyme. It is concluded that the rates and equilibrium constants measured in the present reactor system are within ±20% of the values of the dissolved enzyme, provided that the reactions are not strongly pH dependent. Calculation showed there was no diffusion limitation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230904
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of municipal wastewater by subsequent reverse osmosis and anaerobic digestion (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2001-2008 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experiments are described in which municipal wastewater is submitted to reverse osmosis. During a test period of two months a tubular apparatus, operated batchwise, maintained its original flux and rejection, the permeate being of good quality as a raw material for drinking water. The wastewater was concentrated 7.7 times. Continuous anaerobic digestion of the brine removed over 90% of the BOD evolving the expected amount of methane. The overall process is considered in its context of environmental and energetic aspects and is compared with a conventional treatment. This reveals clear perspectives for practical application in urban areas.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230906
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose: Evaluation of cellulase culture filtrates under use conditions (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2009-2026 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Culture filtrates from three mutant strains of Trichoderma reesei grown on lactose and on cellulose were compared under use conditions on four cellulose substrates. Cellulose culture filtrates contained five to six times as much cellulase as lactose culture filtrates. Unconcentrated cellulose culture filtrates produced up to 10% sugar solutions from 15% cellulose in 24 h. Specific activity in enzyme assays and efficiency in saccharification tests were low for enzymes from all the mutants. Over a wide range the percent saccharification of a substrate in a given times was directly proportional to the logarithm of the ratio of initial concentrations of enzyme and substrate. As a result of this, dilute enzyme is more efficient than concentrated enzyme, but if high sugar concentrations are desired, very large quantities of enzyme are required. Since the slopes of these plots varied, the relative activity of cellulase on different substrates may be affected by enzyme concentration.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230907
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-cell protein production from spent sulfite liquor utilizing cell-recycle and computer monitoring (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2105-2116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Spent sulfite liquor (SSL), a waste product of the paper pulping industry, is produced at a rate of 1 ton (dry basis) per ton of pulp. The sugar content of SSL is about 30 g/L. To reduce the biological oxygen demand (BOD) of SSL before disposal, torula yeast (Candida utilis) is produced by a continuous culture process, the productivity of which is limited by sugar concentration and cell growth rate. To increase productivity, a recycle system has been designed and tested. Cells were sedimented continuously with a flocculating agent (bentonite) before being recycled to the fermentor. A bentonite concentration of 0.02 g/g cell was required. A computer monitoring system based on material balancing techniques was developed to monitor and control the recycle system. With this computer system, productivity was raised to 6.1 g/L h, with cell concentration up to 65 g/L in the recycle stream and 24 g/L in the fermentor. This represents a productivity increase of 150% over continuous culture with no recycle.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230914
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feed-on-demand control of fermentation by cyclic changes in dissolved oxygen tension (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2137-2143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230916
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on biologically active fluidized beds (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2145-2147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230917
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixing time and oxygen transfer characteristics of double draft tube airlift fermentor (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2117-2135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Despite the increasing importance of airlift fermentors, very little published information is available on how the geometric configurations of the draft tubes and the air-sparging system affect the mixing and oxygen transfer characteristics of the fermentor. A 14-L air-lift fermentor was designed and build with a fixed liquid height to diameter ratio of 1.5 utilizing four equally spaced air jets at the bottom. Two jet orifice sizes were used, 1.27 and 3.81 mm i.d., and for each jet size the following four geometric configurations were used: Single inner concentric draft tube, single outer concentric draft tube, two concentric draft tubes, and no draft tubes where the fermentor was operated as a shallow bubble column. It was found that the presence of draft tubes stabilized liquid circulation patterns and gave systemically higher mixing times than those obtained in the absence of draft tubes. In addition, the double draft tube geometry resulted in higher mixing times than the single draft tubes. For the power unit volume range 20 to about 250 W/m3 the larger 3.81-mm orifices gave systemically higher kLa values than the smaller 1.27-mm i.d. orifices. At 200 W/m3 the use of a single outer draft tube with the 3.81-mm orifices resulted in 94% increase in kLa values over that obtained with no draft tubes. However, the effect of draft tube geometry on kLa values when the 1.27-mm orifices were used was not significant. The air bubble formation characteristics at the jet orifices were found to be different, which reflected the differences observed in mass transfer and mixing characteristics. The power economy for oxygen transfer was found to be depend strongly on the orifice size and less on the geometric configuration of draft tubes.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230915
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biofilm kinetics (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2149-2149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230918
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fate of 14C-leucine-labeled bacteria immobilized in polyacrylamide gel (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2151-2159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230919
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of some properties of immobilized and soluble forms of fungal peroxidase (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2161-2165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230920
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new approach to controlled lignin biotransformation (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2171-2172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230922
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 126
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231001
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 127
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial transformation of racemic hydantoins to D-amino acids (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2173-2183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It has been shown that resting cells of Agrobacterium radiobacter catalyze a sequence of two stereospecific hydrolytic reactions leading to the complete transformation of racemic hydantoins to D-amino acids. This report describes some properties of this new biocatalyst and its potential application for the production of some D-amino acids, which are used as intermediates in the preparation of semisynthetic penicillin and cephalosporins.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231002
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 128
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera in a continuous-stirred-tank fermentorApproved by the Director of the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station as Research Paper No. 80520 (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2361-2371 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Growth rates and amylase production rates were determined for the yeast Saccharomycopsis fibuligera grown on a simulated potato processing waste in a continuous-stirred-tank fermentor. S. fibuligera formed large multicellular flocs in the fermentor, and cell growth was reduced at low dilution rates because of mass-transfer resistance. The average Thiele modulus, which is the measure of extent of substrate diffusion, had a value ranging from φav = 2.2 for D = 0.10 to 0.3 for D = 0.40. Growth rates were described by the Monod equation modified to include mass-transfer effects. This modified Monod equation was used to predict growth rates from measured floc-size distribution. Experimentally determined growth rates were in close agreement with these predicted values.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231016
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 129
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined product and substrate inhibition equation for cellobiase (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2779-2788 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cellobiase (CE 3.2.1.21) is a β-glucosidase which hydrolyzes cellobiose to glucose and is known to be subject to both product and substrate inhibition. This work report a model which combines both product and substrate inhibition effects for cellobiase isolated from a commercial preparation of Trichoderma viride from Miles Laboratories (Elkhart, IN). An integrated rate equation is presented which predicts the trends of time courses for hydrolyses of cellobiose a t concentrations ranging from 14.6-1416mM cellobiose. The constants used in the model (determined from initial rate data) are compared to those reported for cellobiase obtained from other sources of T. Viride. Most notable in this comparison is the apparently higher activity and reduced inhibition of this enzyme compared to other sources of cellobiase.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231212
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 130
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous enzymatic transformation in an enzyme membrane reactor with simultaneous NAD(H) regeneration (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2789-2802 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Multienzyme reaction systems with simultaneous coenzyme regeneration have been investigated in a continuously operated membrane reactor at bench scale. NAD(H) covalently bound to polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 104 [PEG-10,000-NAD(H)] was used as coenzyme. It could be retained in the membrane reactor together with the enzymes. L-leucine dehydrogenase (LEUDH) was used as catalyze for the reductive amination of α-ketoisocaproate (2-oxo-4-methylpentanoic acid) to L-leucine. Format dehydrogenease (FDH) was used for the regeneration of NADH. Kinetic experiments were carried out to obtain data which could be used in a kinetic model in order to predict the performance of an enzyme membrane reactor for the continuous production of L-leucine. The kinetic constants Vmax and Km of enzymes are all in the same range regardless of whether native NAD(H) or PEG-10,000-NAD(H) is used as coenzyme. L-leucine was produced continuously out of α-ketoisocaproate for 48 days; a maximal conversion of 99.7% was reached. The space-time yield was 324 mmol/L day (or 42.5 g/L day).
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231213
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 131
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new sensor, the “filtration probe,” for quantitative characterization of the penicillin fermentation. I. Mycelial morphology and culture activity (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2803-2813 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this article the filtration resistance of fungal (Penicillium) mycelia is shown to be quantitatively related to the morphology of the cells. On this basis, it was possible to determine the intracellular volume by simple filtration measurements. Since the dry weight of the cells can also be measured, a morphological variable-the “hyphae density” (dry weight hyphae/volume hyphae)-can be quantified. This variable typically is measured to have values in the range of 0.35-0.20 g/cm3; the lower values represent the final stages of the fermentation. It can be shown that this loss of cell material during fermentation is limited to cytoplasmic components, and that most (70%) of the components which disappear are proteins. Concurrent with and linearly related to this loss of proteins, the culture activity in terms of both cell maintenance energy (respiration activity) and penicillin synthesis also decreased. The hyphae density measured by filtration is therefore a direct measure of the metabolic potential of the organism.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231214
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 132
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration of animal blood by ultrafiltration (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 19-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pilot-scale investigations into the application of ultrafiltration (UF) for concentrating bovine blood or a mixture of bovine and ovine blood are described. Tests were carried out in an Iopor 6CL UF system and a Romicon (hollow fiber) UF system. Optimal operating conditions for these two system were evaluated. Starting from a 18-20% TS lood concentration final concentrations of 28-30% TS were achieved. The lopor system was found to be more suited for processing blood and the average flux values obtained indicated UF to be a more economical process for concentrating blood than vacuum evaporation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230103
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 133
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a hollow-fiber system for large-scale culture of mammalian cells (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 79-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A flat-bed hollow-fiber cell culture system has been developed which maximizes the utilization of the large fiber surface while diminishing significantly the problems inherent in a cartridge-type reactor. The reactor core consists of a shallow bed of hollow fibers sandwiched between two stainless-steel microporous filter plates through which the media flow is directed normal to the plane of the fiber bed. Reactors with both 930 and 9300 cm2 of fiber surface have been successfully constructed and operated. A variety of cells has been grown in these reactors including SV3T3 cells, baby hamster kidney cells, Vero cells, and rhesus money kidney cells, and cell products such as plasminogen activator and migration inhibition factor (MIF) were produced. This system offers an excellent prototype for scaleup design.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230107
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 134
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of anaerobic microbial culture with high acidogenic activity (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 185-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mixed cultures which were used were isolated from municipal sludge digesters, and the production of organic acids (acetic, propionic, butyric, etc.) from carbohydrates was tested. The behavior of the reference population (culture R) obtained directly from the sewage treatment plant, is compared to that obtained after three months in a plug-flow reactor (Gradostat fermentor) without pH control (culture A) and after six months with pH control (culture B). For culture B, the specific rate of acid production is related to the cell growth rate by (1/X)rp= 17 µ + 1.6 with a maximal acid concentration of 40 g/liter. The batch culture yields are improved from 0.36g/g for the initial culture (R) to 0.72 g/g for culture B after six months in continuous culture, and 0.8 g/g in plug-flow continuous culture. The productivity of organic acids reaches 1.7 g/liter·hr. It is suggested that the acidogenic fermentation, the first step of methanogenesis, is a potential process to produce acetic, propionic, and butyric acids.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230112
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 135
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-temperature membrane-entrapped cells (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 221-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230115
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 136
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme activity maintenance in packed-bed reactors via continuous enzyme addition (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 41-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An operational scheme for using immobilized enzymes in packed-bed reactors that permits operation at a constant throughput rate and constant product quality is described. The scheme used columns operated in series with continuous enzyme addition to compensate for enzyme decay. A mathematical technique was developed to determine the enzyme addition rate, enzyme usage, and enzyme volume in the column system. Operation of columns in series is compared to operation where the flow rate is decreased to compensate for a loss of enzyme activity for both zero-and first-order decay. The analyses indicated that columns in series resulted in better enzyme utilization but larger reactor volumes than parallel reactors with decreasing flow rate.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230105
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 137
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methods for quantitative representation of the morphology of molds (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 149-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A semiautomatic method for the quantitative representation of mold morphology is described.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230110
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 138
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alcoholic fermentation: On the inhibitory effect of ethanol (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 201-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The inhibitory effect of ethanol is studied during alcoholic fermentation in strict anaerobiosis (initial dissolved oxygen stripped by gasing pure nitrogen). It is demonstrated that the ethanol produced during the batch fermentation is more inhibitory than the added ethanol (in the range of 0 to 72.6g/liter). By analogy with noncompetitive enzyme kinetic inhibition, the inhibition constant for added ethanol is 105.2 g/liter and 3.8 g/liter for produced ethanol, which exhibits the same inhibition effects in all experiments where ethanol was added. The measurement of the intracellular alcohol concentration can explain the dual inhibitory effects of ethanol.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230113
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 139
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some observations on the similarity of batch and plug-flow systems as applied to enzyme reactors*NCL communication No. 2627. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230116
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 140
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whole-cell hollow-fiber reactor: Transient substrate concentration profiles (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 447-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230220
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 141
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ammonia excretion by Azotobacter chroococcum (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 467-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230224
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 142
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon dioxide sensor for fermentation systems (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 461-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230223
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 143
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration of proteins by foaming (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 669-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Factors influencing foam concentration of proteins are studied. Projecting practical application of the results, the possibilities for obtaining good enrichment ratio are studied. The dependencies of enrichment ratio and albumin concentration in the foam on the initial solution concentration and expansion factor are investigated. Using a method of application of pressure difference in the Plateau-Gibbs borders of the foam, stabilized by albumin and lysozyme, comparatively high enrichment ratio of the proteins is obtained. The method is applicable for any protein foams and is more effective for more stable foams. The enrichment ratio of albumin significantly depends on the parameters and properties of the foam (dispersion, expansion factor, stability, etc). and also on the initial concentration of the solution. The protein concentration in the foam and the foam dispersion depend in a different way on the initial concentration by the creation of pressure difference in the foam and the Rf/C0 dependence shows a maximum. The latter indicates the existence of an optimum of the initial protein concentration with respect to the efficiency of the foam concentration and the foam separation of proteins from solutions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230402
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 144
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disruption of Candida utilis cells in high pressure flow devices*Paper presented in part at the 178th National Meeting, American Chemical Society, Division of Microbial and Biochemical Technology, September, 1979. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 765-780 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The disruption of Candida utilis cells in suspensions subjected to different types of stress was investigated. Stresses caused by impingement of a high velocity jet of suspended cells against a stationary surface were found to be significantly more effective for disruption than either shear or normal stresses. The fraction of cells disrupted by impingement is a first order function of the number of passes through the disruptor and, over a prescribed range of operating pressures, is a power function of pressure. These results indicate that impingement is the predominant mechanism causing cells disruption in high pressure flow devices such as Manton-Gaulin homogenizers. The impingement results suggest that cells grown in cyclic batch culture are easier to disrupt than cells grown at a lower specific growth rate in continuous culture. In addition to determining the fraction of cells disrupted, the release of invertase activity was determined for the impingement experiments. The fraction of total invertase activity released was found to be somewhat greater than the fraction of cells disrupted.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230408
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 145
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of yeast-lytic enzymes by Cytophaga species in batch culture (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 97-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The conditions for culture storage, inoculum preparation, and growth of a Cytophaga species, constitutive with respect to yeast-lytic enzymes, have been established in shake-flask studies and in 5 liter fermentor experiments. A low cost medium was adopted for 900 liter-scale fermentation and gave an enzyme activity in the fermentation broth somewhat greater than the comparable laboratory-scale one.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230108
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 146
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultivation of a filamentous mold in a glass pilot-scale airlift fermentor (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 863-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Results of pilot plant studies using a glass airlift fermentation device (55 liter fermentation volume) have proven the relative merits of such a system in the fermentation of a filamentous mold, Monascus purpureus, on 4% (w/w) starch media. The resultant overall yield of cell mass (Yx/s) of 0.38 was an appreciable increase over the 0.32 obtained with a pilot scale stirred tank fermentor previously studied. Power requirements of the airlift fermentor were approximately 50% of those for the mechanically agitated system. The lack of mechanical shear in the airlift system provides a more gentle environment or the cultivation of organisms than does the high degree of shear prevalent in the mechanically agitated vessels. Mass transfer of oxygen to the aqueous phase of the fermentation volume is improved significantly through use of the airlift device. Mass transfer coefficients in the range of 200 reciprocal hr were obtained to approximately 80 reciprocal hr in the stirred tank fermentor.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230416
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 147
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editor's Note (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. iii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230502
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 148
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple steady-state phenomena within enzyme reactors: The enzyme reaction with two substrates (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 939-952 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The theoretical dynamic characteristics of an isothermal continuous flow stirred tank enzyme reactor (CFSTER) operating on two substrates are investigated. Under certain conditions multiple steady states are possible; namely, with an enzyme which binds with the two substrates sequentially. The occurrence of multiple steady states is found to be primarily dictated by three dimensionless parameters which incorporate rate law constants. The global stability of certain steady states is examined by numerically solving the transient material balance on the CFSTER. The effect of recycle on the dynamics of an isothermal plug flow enzyme reactor (PFER) is also studied. A general conclusion indicated by this work is that any open isothermal reaction system wherein the reaction rate law passes through a maximum with increasing substrate concentration and where back mixing occurs with exhibit multiple steady-state behavior in some operating range.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230504
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 149
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ribonuclease isolated from yeast (Saccharomyces carlsbergensis): Characterization and properties (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 953-964 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The homogeneity of a purified ribonuclease from brewers' yeast was determined by velocity sedimentation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis techniques. The velocity sedimentation pattern gave a single peak with a Sapp 3.46 and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed one major band. The absorption spectrum of the enzyme showed maximum absorption at 277-278 nm and minimum at 252 nm. The enzyme was relatively stable to extreme pH values and high temperature. Both NaCl and KCl increased the enzyme activity whereas enzyme was inhibited by divalent metal ions. The inhibition of the enzyme was increased in the order of Ca2+ 〉 Mg2+ 〉 Fe2+Cu2+. Chemical modification studies of the enzyme showed that tryptophan residues and disulfide bonds were required for enzyme activity.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230505
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 150
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inorganic carbon sources and biomass regulation in intensive microalgal cultures (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 995-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Three freshwater and one marine algal species were grown under inorganic carbon limitation in laboratory continuous cultures. Comparisons were made between HCO3- alkalinity and bubbled CO2 as carbon sources. HCO3- alkalinity was an excellent source of inorganic carbon below specific pH levels, but chemical precipitation at high pH placed an upper limit on productivity that was far lower than potential light-limiting levels. With bubbled CO2 it was possible to achieve light limitation. The main factor controlling productivity was the mass flux of inorganic carbon added to the culture, which is the product of gas flow rate and influent PCO2 level. Small bubbles were more efficient than large bubbles at low gas flow rates and PCO2 levels, but led to froth flotation of algal cells and concomitant reductions in productivity at high bubble rates. At 1% CO2 productivity was still dependent on mass fluxes of added carbon, but was independent of bubble size. At high bubble rates with 1% CO2 narcosis was evident. Maximum yields occurred at intermediate dilution rates when inorganic carbon was supplied via bubbled gas.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230508
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 151
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of the methanogenic bacterium Methanosarcina barkeri (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1057-1065 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Whole cells of the methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri were immobilized in an alginate network which was crosslinked with Ca2+ ions. The rates of methanol conversion to methane of entrapped cells were found to be in the same range as the corresponding rates of free cells. Furthermore, immobilized cells were active for a longer period than free cells. The particle size of the spherical alginate beads (1.2 mm-3.7 mm φ) and thus diffusion had no obvious influence on the turnover of methanol. The half-value period for methanol conversion activity determined in a buffer medium was approximately 4 days at 37°C for entrapped cells. The apparent Km value Km′ for such cells was nearly 140mM and the Vmax value was about 1.2 μmol methanol/min/mg entrapped protein. Therefore the high rates of methanol degradation measured, e.g., 0.5 μmol methanol/min/mg entrapped protein, indicated that the immobilization technique preserved the cellular functions of this methanogenic bacterium.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230513
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 152
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of the integration of the internal energy metabolism and cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1763-1795 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A computer simulation of the integration of the internal energy metabolism and the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is described. This was attempted, for the first time, as a result of the observation that in this organism the overall or average external metabolic exchange rates often differed considerably from the internal metabolic fluxes which they are normally assumed to represent. This was the result of such factors as the variation in the nature of the metabolism of the organism depending on its stage in the cell cycle and redox interactions between anabolism and catabolism. The overall result of this simulation is the prediction of the internal metabolic fluxes consistent with the experimentally determined external fluxes. While these simulation depend on the assumption regarding the energetics and cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, they provide a means of examining with precision such processes as the energetics of cell growth and cell cycle variation. As a result, within these limitation, they allow the systematic study of coordinated cell control. Such an approach provides a useful and largely unused adjunct to the experimental approaches which have attempted the study of coordinated metabolic regulation.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230807
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 153
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of earthworms as a potentially economical source of protein (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1797-1811 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The main objectives of this study were (1) to determine the optimum frequency for transferring a fixed population of Eisenia foetida into fresh surroundings to effect maximum production of earthworm biomass, (2) to determine carrying capacity and maximum production of E. foetida biomass per unit area-volume-time at 24°C, and (3) to measure the nucleic acid concentration of this earthworm. Population were rapidly decimated in limed peat moss with horse manure as food when transferred weekly or when held for ten weeks in the same substrate; no significant differences and high survival obtained at intermediate intervals. Significantly more cocoons were produced when transfers were made every two weeks, and a trend was seen toward a lower level of cocoon production with length of detention in substrate. The growth rate of adults was approximately similar in relation to the frequency of transfer, as was biomass, at transfer frequencies of every 2 to 9 weeks. One interpretation of the data is that a detention interval of 6 to 8 weeks is optimum for maximizing production of biomass; eight weeks is the interval commonly selected in commercial practices. Carrying was 9.5 g live weight on a surface area-volume of 24 cm2-110 cm3 with horse manure as food on 20 g of soil as substrate; maximum production in this space was 2 g live weight in 7 weeks, which extrapolates to 6685 kg protein/ha yr. Nucleic acid concentration was 2.9%, which falls below values of about 6-28% obtained for microbes, and may exceed values for mammalian muscle by about twofold.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230808
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 154
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The production of ethanol by immobilized yeast cells (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1813-1825 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were immobilized in calcium alginate beads for use in the continuous production of ethanol. Yeasts were grown in medium supplemented with ethanol to selectively screen for a culture which showed the greatest tolerance to ethanol inhibition. Yeast beads were produced from a yeast slurry containing 1.5% alginate (w/v) which was added as drops to 0.05M CaCl2 solution. To determine their optimum fermentation parameters, ethanol production using glucose as a substrate was monitored in batch systems at varying physiological conditions (temperature, pH, ethanol concentration), cell densities, and gel concentration. The data obtained were compared to optimum free cell ethanol fermentation parameters. The immobilized yeast cells examined in a packed-bed reactor system operated under optimized parameters derived from batch-immobilized yeast cell experiments. Ethanol production rates, as well as residual sugar concentration were monitored at different feedstock flow rates.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230809
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 155
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced production of cellulase, hemicellulase, and β-glucosidase by Trichoderma reesei (Rut C-30) (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1837-1849 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Production of cellulases and Hemicellulases was studied with Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30, This organism produced, together with high cellulase activities, considerable amounts of xylanases and β-glucosidase. Three cellulose concentration (1, 2.5, and 5.0%) were examined to determined the maximum levels of cellulase activity obtainable in submerged culture. Temperature and pH profiling was used to increase cell mass to maximum levels within two days and thereby enhancing fermentor productivity at higher substrate levels. The effect of temperature, pH, Tween-80 concentration, carbon sources, and substrate concentration on the ration of mycelial growth and extracellulose enzyme production are described.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230811
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 156
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pH on solvent flux during stirred ultrafiltration of proteins (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1873-1880 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230813
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 157
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of batch alcoholic fermentation of glucose syrup substrate (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1827-1836 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The quantitative effects of substrate concentration, yeast concentration, and nutrient supplementation on ethanol content, fermentation time, and ethanol productivity were investigated in a Box-Wilson central composite design experiment, consisting of five levels of each variable, High substrate concentration, up to 30° Brix, resulted in higher ethanol content (i.e., up to 15.7% w/v or 19.6% v/v) but longer fermentation time and hence lower ethanol productivity. Increasing yeast concentration, on the other hand, resulted in shorter fermentation time and higher productivity. The highest ethanol productivity of about 21 g EiOH/L h was obtained at low substrate concentration (i.e., 12° Brix), low alcohol content (i.e., 6% by weight), high yeast concentration (i.e., 4.4%), and high supplementation of yeast extract (i.e., 2.8). Productivity of this magnitude is substantially higher that that of the traditional batch fermentation of fed-batch fermentation. It is comparable to the results of continuous fermentation but lower than those of vacuum fermentation but lower than those of vacuum fermentation. Optimal conditions for maximal ethanol productivity can be established by a multiple regression analysis technique and by plotting the contours of constant response to conform to the constraints of individual operations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230810
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 158
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fed-batch culture: Modeling and application in the study of microbiol energetics (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1851-1871 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microbial growth in the fed-batch mode is described by a simple unstructured model. The model is found to be in good agreement with agreement with the experimental observation, except under highly transient conditions. Extensive experimental data were collected and the energetics of the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae is evaluated. It is shown that the fed-batch culti vation is a powerful experimental tool in the study of microbial kinetics and energetics simultaneously. Methods for determining the maintenance requirements are shown and evaluated. The maintenance coefficients determined from fed-batch data are systematically smaller than those reported for continuous culture systems. Results suggest a decrease in maintenance demands at low specific growth rates.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230812
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 159
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of wastewater by electrolysis (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1881-1887 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230814
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 160
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of enzymes on alginic acid-polyacrylamide copolymers (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1889-1892 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230815
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 161
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissolved oxygen profiles in photosynthetic microbial slimes (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1893-1895 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230816
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 162
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A convenient method for the determination of oxygen solubility in different solution (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1897-1901 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230817
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 163
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulsed light probe for cell density measurement (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1903-1906 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230818
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 164
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Covalent attachment of papain to PAB-cellulose by means of terephthalic diazide (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1907-1911 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230819
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 165
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple method for purification of acrylamide and N,N′-methylene-bisacrylamide solutions (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1919-1919 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230821
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 166
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230901
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 167
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of enzymes on polytetrafluoroethylene particles packed in HPLC columns (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1913-1917 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230820
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 168
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of heats of combustion of biomass from elemental analysis using available electron concepts (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2051-2067 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The method of Thornton and Dulong's formula for estimating heats of combustion are compared in this work. Heats of combustion predicted by Thornton's method for renewable resources such as wood, straw, and municipal solid wastes are considerably closer to experimentally measured values compared to values predicted by Dulong's formula. Thornton's method states that the heat of combustion is directly proportional to the quantity of oxygen consumed in the combustion process. A method which utilizes the weight fraction carbon on a dry basis and the reluctance degree to predict the heat of combustion of renewable resources is presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230910
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 169
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maximum production in a bakers' yeast fed-batch culture by a tubing method (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2069-2081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A feedback control system of the glucose feed rate in a bakers' yeast fed-batch culture was developed by keeping the ethanol concentration constant. A PID controller and on-off controller were applied and discussed with the aid of the porous Teflon tubing method. Experimental results showed the effectiveness of the control system for avoiding the glucose effect and glucose starvation. It was shown that the feedback control system developed hare could achieve a maximum specific growth rate of 0.3 h-1 or a maximum cell yield of 0.5 g cell/g glucose in the fedhyphen;batch culture.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230911
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 170
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of different methods of glucose oxidase immobilization (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2093-2104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Glucose oxidase was immobilized by covalent bond to two basic types of sorbents - glycidylmethacrylate copolymers and bead cellulose. These two types of carries were chemically modified, if needed, by the employing various procedures and subsequently used in the immobilization of native and oxidized glucose oxidase. The samples thus obtained were compared with those of immobilized glucose oxidase bound onto some common carriers. Samples which possessed not only a high absolute activity but also adequate mechanical and flow properties were characterized in greater detail with respect to the immobilization efficiency and kinetic properties of bound glucose oxidase.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230913
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 171
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of amyloglucosidase on alkylamine derivatives of metal-link-activated inorganic supports (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2083-2092 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new process to couple amyloglucosidase (AG) to inorganic supports is described. The technique consists in activating the support with a transition metal salt according to the metal-link method and subsequent amination and linkage of the alkylamine derivative using glutaraldehyde. The various parameters susceptible of influencing the properties of the immobilized enzyme (IME) preparation are investigated. The best result are obtained when 100 mg of 1000-Å controlled porous glass (CPG) are treated with 45 mg of TiCl4 and the activated carrier aminated using a 10-g/L solution of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) in carbon tetrachloride (10 Ml/100 mg). Preparation obtained according to the process here described show operational stabilities much superior to those of AG immobilized on the same support by the traditional metal-link method or its variations. The mechanism involved in the preparation of the amino derivative of CPG is proposed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230912
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 172
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the statistical analysis of batch data (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2391-2396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231018
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 173
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental determination of intrinsic denitrification kinetic constants (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2403-2406 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231020
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 174
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental bioenergetics ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae in respiration and fermentation (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2373-2390 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on glucose was investigated, focusing on the heat evolution as it relates to biomass and ethanol synthesis. “Aerobic fermentation” and “aerobic respiration” were established respectively in the experimental system by performing batch and fed-batch experiments. “Balanced growth” batch cultivations were carried out with initial sugar concentrations ranging from 10 to 70 g/L, resulting in different degrees of catabolite repression. The fermentative heat generation was continuously monitored in addition to the key culture parameters such as ethanol production rate, CO2 evolution rate, O2 uptake rate, specific growth rate, and sugar consumption rate. The respective variations of the above quantities reflecting the variations in the catabolic activity of the culture were studied. This was done in order to evaluate the microbial regulatory system, the energetics of microbial growth including the rate of heat evolution and the distribution of organic substrate between respiration and fermentation. This study was supported by closing C, energy, and electron balances on the system.The comparison of the fractions of substrate energy evolved as heat (δh) with the fraction of available electrons transferred to oxygen (∊O2) indicated equal values of the two (0.46) in the aerobic respiration (fed-batch cultivation). However, the glucose effect in batch cultivations resulted in smaller ∊O2 than δh, while both values decreased in their absolute values. The evaluation of the heat energetic yield coefficients, together with the fraction of the available electrons transferred to O, contributed to the estimation of the extent of heat production through oxidative phosphorylation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231017
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 175
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231101
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 176
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for the determination of dissolved carbon dioxide (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2397-2401 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231019
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 177
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow characteristics of a pilot-scale airlift fermentor (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2421-2431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of aeration on the flow characteristics of water in a glass pilot-scale airlift fermentor have been examined. The 55-L capacity fermentor consisted of a 15.2-cm-i.d. riser column with a 5.1-cm-i.d. downcomer tube. It was found that the average bubble size diminished with increased aeration. Typically, average bubble sizes ranged from 4.32 mm at a superficial gas velocity of 0.64 cm/s to 1.92 mm at 10.3 cm/s. A gas holdup of 0.19 was attained with superficial gas velocities (vs) on the order of 10 cm/s, indicating the highly gassed nature of the fluid in the riser section of the fermentor. Circulation velocities of markers placed in the fermentor decreased with increasing aeration rates due to increased turbulence and axial liquid back mixing within the riser section. Actual volumetric liquid circulation rates remained relatively constant (0.36-0.49 L/s) for values of (vs) up to 10 cm/s. Based on theoretical calculations, the ascending velocity of bubbles in a swarm reached 54 cm/s in the range of (vs) values studied.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231104
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 178
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of biomass formation and citric acid production by Aspergillus niger on pilot plant scale (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2433-2445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Citric acid fermentation on pilot plant scale was studied, using two strains of Aspergillus niger of different productivity. Growth and product formation were analyzed from a high number of data points. Several phases could be distinguished which were described by a sequence of logarithmic, cube-root, and linear equations. Growth and product formation could be related by a modified Luedeking-Piret equation, taking into consideration a lag time for the organism to shift to shift into the physiological state ready for product formation. The observed differences in productivity of the two strains are reflected by the different non-growth-associated terms of the equation. In light of these findings the classical "type II fermentation" is redefined as a mixed type-resembling type I during trophophase and type III during idiophases.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231105
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 179
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollution control of swine manure and straw by conversion to Chaetomium cellulolyticum SCP feed (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2407-2415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Swine manure has a very high pollution potential and obnoxious odor. Large farms particularly are confronted with a manure disposal problem since environmentally acceptable solutions are now required by government regulations. Swine manure was found to be a good source of supplementary nutrients to ferment wheat straw into single-cell protein (SCP) with Chaetomium cellulolyticum when 0.13g (NH4)2SO4/g solid was used as an additional source of N. In batch fermentations, inhibitory effects, possibly due to soluble released from the straw during alkali or acid pretreatment, were overcome by starting the fermentation at about pH 7.0 and then reducing it to 5.0 during growth. An overall protein productivity of up to 66 mg/L h was obtained from a slurry mixture of 1% w/v solids of manure and straw. This compares favorably with 99 mg/L h when manure was fermented with glucose instead of straw as the main carbon source. A high protein productivity of 200 mg/L h was obtained from a slurry mixture containing anaerobically prefermented swine manure liquor and 1.5% w/v solids from straw. The final products of the manure and straw fermentations contained 25-30% DW crude protein and 6-20% DW cellulose and the materials were free of the original obnoxious odor and undesirable microbial contamination.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231102
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 180
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of physical and physicochemical pretreatments of wood for SCP production with Chaetomium cellulolyticum (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2417-2420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Relatively poor SCP production (4.2 mg/L h) was obtained using C. cellulolyticum and ground aspen wood treated with steam at atmospheric pressure for 1 h. The percentage of protein in the final product increased to 21.4% at a specific growth rate of 0.15 h-1 when the wood sample was treated with steam at a higher pressure (280 psig for 4 min) according to the "Stake" process. Alkali treatment (10% and 15% w/w at 121°C for 30 min), known to solubilize hemicelluloses and some of the lignin, gave intermediate results. More complete delignification of wood using NaClO2 increased the protein composition in the final product to 37.9%, at a specific growth rate of 0.19 h-1. Cellulose utilization was lowest (12.4%) in the case of the wood treated with steam at atmospheric pressure; it was higher at 75.3 and 78.5% for wood treated with NaOH at 10 and 15% w/w levels, respectively. The cellulose utilization was highest (90%) for wood treated with NaClO2.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231103
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 181
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic modeling of a multiple immobilized enzyme system. I. Development and testing of the model (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2447-2464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A kinetic model for the reaction sequence catalyzed by coimmobilized invertase and glucose oxidase with a sucrose substrate in a tubular reactor has been developed. The computerized mathematical model employs and orthogonal collection technique for solving oxidase were coimmobilized in poly(2-hydroxyethlmethacrylate) gels and used in a continuous flow packed-bed tubular reactor system. In addition to describing the development of the kinetic model, this article compares experimentally determined reactor effluent concentrations for various sucrose feed solutions to those predicted by the model. Variations between experimental and predicted reactor effluent concentrations were found to be on the micromolar level for sucrose feed concentrations as low as 1.38mM.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231106
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 182
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further purification and characterization of a thermophilic rennet (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2483-2492 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Further work on a thermophilic rennet synthesized by a thermophilic actinomycete is reported. It was produced by growth in fermentor of 50-or-200-L volume and was purified by membrane filtration of a cell-free supernatant and then molecular filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Its stability under various conditions was determined: The enzyme is a true rennet requiring calcium ions for activity. Experiment shows that it resembles neither pepsin, trypsin, nor chymotrypsin. It is freeze-labile with a molecular weight of 9700 from amino acid composition. When skim milk powder was added to the growth medium, a rennet with different properties was obtained.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231108
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 183
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic modeling of a multiple immobilized enzyme system. II. Application of the model (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2465-2481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mathematical model for the reaction sequence catalyzed by immobilized invertase and glucose oxidase discussed in the preceding article has been used successfully to duplicate experimental findings. In addition, it has been used as a tool for the simulation and prediction of effects derived from alterations to system-related and gel-related parameters. The effects of gel diffusivity on the overall conversion of sucrose substrate to reaction products was investigated through use of this model. Changes in the enzyme loading within a gel and the results of varying the ration of invertase activity to glucose activity were also evaluated. Through use of concentrations of the molecular species determined at the collocation points within a gel particle and in the bulk liquid phase, an estimate of the thickness of the diffusion boundary layer around the gel particle was determined which was in close agreement with values obtained from classical mass transfer relationships. For most of this study, the enzymes were coimmobilized within the same polymeric matrix. However, a number of tests were run with the enzymes immobilized individually and placed in separate reactors in a sequential reactor system. The experimental results from these tests were duplicated successfully by means of the model with little modification to the basic computer program. Such an example illustrates the potential flexibility of the model and its overall versatility.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231107
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 184
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of porous teflon tubing method to automatic fed-batch culture of microorganisms. I. Mass transfer through porous teflon tubingThis part was presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan, on April 4, 1979. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2493-2507 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: For the purpose of a rational design for an automatic feedback control system incorporating a porous Teflon tubing sensor in semibatch culture, steady-state mass-transfer characteristics of tubing sensors have been investigated theoretically and experimentally, and also dynamic responses have been studied experimentally. A distributed mathematical model for steady-state diffusion has been solved numerically and its solution has been shown as useful for the sensor design. The overall mass-transfer resistance of radial diffusion has been shown to be the sum of external liquid-film mass-transfer resistance and membrane diffusion resistance. The steady-state experiments using ethanol dissolved in water revealed that its transfer into the tubing was controlled by the molecular diffusion within the tubing-wall membrane. Oxygen transfer from external water into the tubing was shown experimentally to be controlled by the liquid-film resistance outside the tubing. In general, the radial mass transfer of a substance having a small Henry's constant is controlled by the liquid-film resistance.The response of the tubing sensor-detector-recorder system for the stepwise addition of ethanol into the external water could not be represented by a simple combined system of the first-order delay with lag time. The responses depend on the characteristics of the tubing as well as flow rate of the carrier gas, etc., but they were quite excellent in all cases (e.g., 90% in 20 s).
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231109
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 185
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    γ-Ray-induced degradation of lignocellulosic materials (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2525-2535 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Lignocellulosic plant materials were treated with various swelling agents and exposed to γ radiation from 60Co or 137Cs. At dosages of 50 Mrad or above, lignocellulosic materials were extensively degraded and solubilized in water. Addition of water, NaOH, or H2SO4 to the substrate increased the degree of solubilization. Complete solubilization was achieved for samples of sugarcane bagasse, newspaper, cotton linters, cotton cloth, sawdust, and α-cellulose powder. About 35% total sugar and 5% reducing sugar per dry weight of sugarcane bagasse could be obtained by this method. Most of the soluble carbohydrates seemed to be disaccharides or larger molecules and glucose degradation products. Solubilization of cellulose was dosage dependent and although the rate of solubilization was increased by adding alkali, released sugar was further decomposed by the alkali and by high dosage of radiation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231111
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 186
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal design of airlift fermenters (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2537-2560 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this article a modeling of a draft-tube airlift fermentor (ALF) based on perfect backmixing of liquid and plugflow for gas bubbles has been carried out to optimize the design and operation of fermentation units at different working capacities. With reference to a whey fermentation by yeasts the economic optimization has led to a slim ALF with an aspect ration of about 15. As far as power expended per unit of oxygen transfer is concerned, the responses of the model are highly influenced by kLa However, a safer use of the model has been suggested in order to assess the feasibility of the fermentation process under study.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231112
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 187
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic variation in plants regenerated from protoplasts: The potato system (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2691-2701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Regeneration of whole plants from isolated protoplasts (plant cells devoid of cell walls) provides a novel capability that is potentially useful for crop improvement efforts. Such a regeneration capacity has been developed for the commercial potato cultivar ‘russet Burbank,’ currently the most popular cultivar in production. Due to fertility problems of this cultivar, the improvement of ‘russet Burbank’ by classical breeding procedures has been limited. Examination of a large population of protoplast-derived clones has revealed the variation for a number of traits can be observed. Variation observed under laboratory conditions and in field trials includes changes in plant morphology and tuber-setting characteristics, as well as alterations in response to environmental and pathogen stress. A brief description of the cloning process and the potential for application of cloning technology in crop plant improvement will be presented.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231205
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 188
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Five-year perspective of the large-scale growth of mammalian cells in suspension culture (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2717-2735 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Cell Culture Center at the University of Alabama in Birmingham was set up to produce large quantities of cells and their products from suspension cultured cell lines. This system has now been in operation for over five years and has been effective in producing large quantities of mammalian cells of murine and human origin. This article describes the system and some growth parameters which have been of importance for large-scale mammalian cell growth.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231207
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 189
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of anchorage-dependent cells - problems and their possible solutions (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2703-2716 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In vitro cell culture has proven to be a valuable procedure for the study of cellular function as well as the production of veterinary and human vaccines. In recent years, interest in cell culture technology has grown due to the need for production of interferon, monoclonal antibodies, various hormones, and other cell-secreted products with potential medical uses. Many of these products have been successfully produced only be cells which require attachment to a surface in order to grow and function. This requirement places severe limitations on the economics and feasibility of large-scale culture. In response, a number of new technologies have been proposed and developed in attempts to increase the surface area available within a given culture volume, to increase the cell density per surface area, to decrease medium and serum requirements per unit of product, to increase product production by control of the cellular environment, and to automate the production process. Some of the techniques and described along with their ability to control the environment of cells in culture.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231206
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 190
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of the degradability of sugarcane celulosic residues by indirect methods (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2737-2745 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of mild NaOH treatments on sugarcane cellulosic wastes (bagasse, pith, and straw) to increase their biological degradability has been studied. At a level of 8% NaOH (on a dry matter basic) 60% digestibility measured by the in vitro technique was achieved for all materials tested. Indirect methods to predict the digestibility of treated materials such as the bacterial degradability, enzymatic degradability, hot-water solubility, and chemical oxygen demand were tried as alternative methods to the rumen fluid technique. High correlation coefficients for all materials were obtained with all alternative techniques. The minimal r value was 0.96 while the highest was 0.99. An important reduction of time and reagents is achieved by the utilization of the solubility and chemical oxygen demand tests.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231208
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 191
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of microbial cells in crosslinked, prepolymerized, linear polyacrylamide gels: Antibiotic production by immobilized Streptomyces clavuligerus cells (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2747-2759 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mild new method for the immobilization whole microbial cells has been developed. Cells were suspended in a solution of preformed, linear, water-soluble Polyacrylamide chains, partially substituted with acylhydrazide groups. The Prepolymerized backbone polymer was crosslinked, in the presence of viable cells, by stoichiometric amounts of dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutardialdehyde, and period ate-oxidized polyvinyl alcohol. The crosslinking reaction, carried out in cold, neutral physiological conditions resulted in cells entrapped in gels with physical properties similar to those of the common Polyacrylamide gels. However, cell damage generally caused by the acrylamide monomer was avoided. Resting Streptomyces clavuligerus cells, possessing a high capacity for antibiotic production, were entrapped according to this procedure. These immobilized cells produced cephalosporins continuously for 96 h with yields similar to those of free resting cells. The same cells, when immobilized by direct polymerization acrylamide monomers, yielded significantly lower amount of antibiotics.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231209
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 192
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal substrate profile for antibiotic fermentations (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2771-2777 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The optimal substrate profile is calculated by Pontryagin's maximum principle for a simplified mathematical model of microbial growth and product formation. This model is fitted to experimental data of turimycin fermentation. Sub optimal control is studied for comparison.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260231211
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 193
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced product formation in continuous fermentations with microbial cell recycle*Portions of this paper were first presented at the ACS National Meeting, Chicago, II-linois, August 29, 1977. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 373-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of partial recycle of microbial cells on the operation of a chemostat has been investigated for two fermentations. Stable steady states without partial cell recycle were obtained for the conversion of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose by Gluconobacter oxydans subsp. suboxydans 1916B and for the conversion of glucose to 2-ketogluconic acid by Serratia marcescens NRRL B-486. The employment of partial cell recycle dramatically increased product formation rates for both fermentations.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230212
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 194
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of major structural features of cellulose on rate of enzymatic hydrolysis (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 419-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230215
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of protoplasts from a fungus as a criterion of mechanical interactions in the fermentor (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 441-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230219
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230301
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230101
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protease production by immobilized mycelia of Streptomyces fradiae (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 29-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Streptomyces fradiaewas immobilized in polyacrylamide gel prepared from 5% total acrylamide (90% acrylamide and 10%N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide). Production of protease by the immobilized mycelia was attempted in a batch system. A dilute medium containing 0.5% starch, 0.5% meat extract, and 0.05% yeast extract was employed. The reusability of the immobilized and washed mycelia was examined. The activity of protease production by washed mycelia was rapidly decreased with increasing use cycles. The activity of the immobilized mycelia increased gradually, and reached a maximum after ten use cycles. Then, the activity gradually decreased with increasing reaction cycles. This might be caused by destruction of the gels. On the other hand, the sterilization of the surface of the immobilized mycelia was effective for elongation of the lifetime. As a result, the half-life of protease production by the sterilized immobilized mycelia was about 30 days. The rate of protease production by immobilized mycelia was 12,000 U/ml/hr. This value was four times higher than that by submerged culture.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230104
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the production of dextran by free and immobilized dextransucrase (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2027-2037 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides was produced in a semicontinuous culture with slow addition of a concentrated sucrose solution. The resulting high activity of the fermentation broth allowed a one-step purification method, by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in 96.4% yield. This procedure resulted in 140-fold purification, with specific activity of 122 U/mg. The enzyme was immobilized onto an amino-Spherosil support activated with glutaraldehyde. Preparations with dextransucrase activities as high as 40.5 U/g of support were obtained, when low specific area supports were used and maltose was added during the enzyme coupling. Diffusional limitations were found during enzyme reaction, as shown by a kinetic study. As a consequence of immobilization, the average molecular weight of dextrans seems to increase. Immobilized dextransucrase looks promising for low-molecular-weight dextran production. Clinical dextran was synthesized when the polysaccharides produced in the presence of maltose were used as acceptor of a second synthesis reaction. The molecular weight distribution of the resulting production was less disperse than when clinical dextran was produced by acid hydrolysis of high-molecular-weight dextran.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230908
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of phenol oxidation by washed cells (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 2039-2049 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The uptake of phenol by pure cultures of Pseudomonas putida growing on phenol in continuous culture has been studied. The purpose of the experiments was to determine the kinetic parameters governing uptake of phenol by organisms growing on phenol in the high-conversion range by measuring uptake rates per unit biomass per unit time at various phenol concentrations. The microorganisms used were taken from a chemostat at residence times of 8, 5.25, 3.85, 3.2, 3, and 2.7h. The Monod-Haldane model and modifications of it were applied to the data and the best kinetic parameters were determined by nonlinear least-squares techniques. The best model was a two-parameters simplification of Monod-Haldane in which μ = K1S/(K2 + S2). The value of K1 was found to increase monotonically with the value of phenol concentration in the original chemostat with an apparent induction “threshold” of 0.1 mg/L.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230909
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...