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  • Electronic Resource  (130,187)
  • Book  (321)
  • Loose Leaf
  • 2015-2019  (37)
  • 1995-1999  (130,473)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 2019  (37)
  • 1996  (130,473)
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Material
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Year
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Keywords
Language
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A measurement of τ polarization in Z^0 decays (1992-8977)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 294 (1992), S. 466-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(92)91549-O
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the average lifetime of b hadrons (1993-4325)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 317 (1993), S. 474-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(93)91027-K
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Book
    Book
    ¬Das¬ Swift-Handbuch : Apps programmieren für macOS, iOS, watchOS und tvOS (2019)
    Details
    Title: ¬Das¬ Swift-Handbuch : Apps programmieren für macOS, iOS, watchOS und tvOS
    Author: Sillmann, Thomas
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 1272 S.
    ISBN: 978-3-446-45505-4
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Das erweiterte Museum : Medien, Technologien und Internet; 19 (2019)
    Details
    Title: Das erweiterte Museum : Medien, Technologien und Internet; 19
    Author: Franken-Wendelstorf, Regina [Herausgeber]
    Contributer: Greisinger, Sybille [Herausgeber] , Pellengahr, Astrid [Herausgeber]
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 120 Seiten : , mit 50 farbigen Abbildungen
    Series Statement: MuseumsBausteine 19
    ISBN: 978-3-422-07436-1
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 5
    Book
    Book
    ¬The¬ OpenMP common core : making OpenMP simple again (2019)
    Cambridge, Massachusetts :MIT Press,
    Details
    Title: ¬The¬ OpenMP common core : making OpenMP simple again
    Author: Mattson, Timothy G.
    Contributer: He, Yun , Koniges, Alice Evelyn
    Publisher: Cambridge, Massachusetts :MIT Press,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 320 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-0-262-53886-2
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    TV-L Kommentar 2019 : Jahrbuch zum Tarifvertrag der Länder mit allen wichtigen Tariftexten und den Entgeltordnungen (2019)
    Details
    Title: TV-L Kommentar 2019 : Jahrbuch zum Tarifvertrag der Länder mit allen wichtigen Tariftexten und den Entgeltordnungen
    Author: Effertz, Jörg
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 1500 S.
    Series Statement: Wissen für die Praxis
    ISBN: 978-3-8029-7925-5
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    Introductory econometrics : a modern approach (2019)
    Beazil ; Mexico ; Singapore :Cengage Learning,
    Details
    Title: Introductory econometrics : a modern approach
    Author: Wooldridge, Jeffrey M.
    Edition: 7th edition
    Publisher: Beazil ; Mexico ; Singapore :Cengage Learning,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XXII, 826 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-0-357-90016-1
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    Reviews in computational chemistry; 31 (2019)
    Details
    Title: Reviews in computational chemistry; 31
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XXVII, 336 S.
    Series Statement: Reviews in computational chemistry 31
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Book
    Book
    Die digitale Transformation in Institutionen des kulturellen Gedächtnisses / (2019)
    Details
    Title: Die digitale Transformation in Institutionen des kulturellen Gedächtnisses /
    Author: Büttner, Stephan
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 300 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-3-945610-50-3 , 3-945610-50-8
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 10
    Book
    Book
    Numerische Mathematik I : eine algorithmisch orientierte Einführung (2019)
    Berlin u.a. :de Gruyter,
    Details
    Title: Numerische Mathematik I : eine algorithmisch orientierte Einführung
    Author: Deuflhard, Peter
    Contributer: Hohmann, Andreas
    Edition: 5. Aufl.
    Publisher: Berlin u.a. :de Gruyter,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XII, 348 Seiten
    Series Statement: Numerische Mathematik
    Type of Medium: Book
    URL: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=2012085&site=ehost-live
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  • 11
    Book
    Book
    Parallel Computing Hits the Power Wall : Principles, Challenges, and a Survey of Solutions (2019)
    Basel u.a. :Springer,
    Details
    Title: Parallel Computing Hits the Power Wall : Principles, Challenges, and a Survey of Solutions
    Author: Lorenzon, Arthur Francisco
    Contributer: Beck Filho, Antonio Carlos Schneider
    Publisher: Basel u.a. :Springer,
    Year of publication: 2019
    ISBN: 9783030287191
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
    URL: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=2289471&site=ehost-live
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  • 12
    Book
    Book
    Eingruppierung TVöD-Bund in der Praxis : die neue Entgeltordnung: Verwaltung, körperliche/handwerkliche Tätigkeiten (2019)
    Details
    Title: Eingruppierung TVöD-Bund in der Praxis : die neue Entgeltordnung: Verwaltung, körperliche/handwerkliche Tätigkeiten
    Author: Richter, Achim
    Contributer: Gamisch, Annett , Mohr, Thomas
    Edition: 2. Aufl.
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 190 S.
    Series Statement: Wissen für die Praxis
    ISBN: 978-3-8029-1597-0
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 13
    Book
    Book
    Click Here to Kill Everybody : Sicherheitsrisiko Internet und die Verantwortung von Unternehmen und Regierungen (2019)
    Details
    Title: Click Here to Kill Everybody : Sicherheitsrisiko Internet und die Verantwortung von Unternehmen und Regierungen
    Author: Schneier, Bruce
    Contributer: Lorenzen, Knut [Übersetzer]
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 383 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-3-95845-947-2
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 14
    Book
    Book
    Beck'scher Bilanz-Kommentar : Handels- und Steuerbilanz, §§ 238 bis 339, 342 bis 342e HGB (2019)
    Details
    Title: Beck'scher Bilanz-Kommentar : Handels- und Steuerbilanz, §§ 238 bis 339, 342 bis 342e HGB
    Edition: 12. Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: LVIII, 3000 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-3-406-73388-8
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 15
    Book
    Book
    Umsatzsteuerrecht : Umsatzsteuergesetz mit Umsatzsteuer-Durchführungsverordnung, Umsatzsteuer-Anwendungserlass, Mehrwertsteuer-Systemrichtlinie, EU-Verordnung 282/2011, EG-Richtlinie 2008/9/EG, 13. EG-Richtlinie : Textausgabe mit ausführlichem Sachregister; 5546 (2019)
    Details
    Title: Umsatzsteuerrecht : Umsatzsteuergesetz mit Umsatzsteuer-Durchführungsverordnung, Umsatzsteuer-Anwendungserlass, Mehrwertsteuer-Systemrichtlinie, EU-Verordnung 282/2011, EG-Richtlinie 2008/9/EG, 13. EG-Richtlinie : Textausgabe mit ausführlichem Sachregister; 5546
    Contributer: Wagner, Wilfried , Deutschland [Normerlassende Gebietskörperschaft]
    Edition: 37., überarbeitete Auflage, Stand: 1. Februar 2019, Sonderausgabe
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XV, 1302 Seiten
    Series Statement: dtv 5546
    ISBN: 978-3-423-05546-8
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 16
    Book
    Book
    SQL : der Grundkurs für Ausbildung und Praxis : mit Beispielen in MySQL/MariaDB, PostgreSQL und T-SQL (2019)
    Details
    Title: SQL : der Grundkurs für Ausbildung und Praxis : mit Beispielen in MySQL/MariaDB, PostgreSQL und T-SQL
    Author: Adams, Ralf
    Edition: 3., aktualisierte Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 490 S. : , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 978-3-446-46110-9
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 17
    Book
    Book
    Processing, Analyzing and Learning of Images, Shapes, and Forms : Part 2; 20 (2019)
    Amsterdam :Elsevier, North-Holland,
    Details
    Title: Processing, Analyzing and Learning of Images, Shapes, and Forms : Part 2; 20
    Author: Kimmel, Ron
    Contributer: Tai, Xue-Cheng
    Publisher: Amsterdam :Elsevier, North-Holland,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XIX, 684 Seiten
    Series Statement: Handbook of numerical analysis 20
    ISBN: 978-0-444-64140-3
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Book
    Book
    Mathematical theory of scattering resonances; 200, 200 (2019)
    Providence, RI :American Mathematical Society,
    Details
    Title: Mathematical theory of scattering resonances; 200, 200
    Author: Dyatlov, Semyon
    Contributer: Zworski, Maciej
    Publisher: Providence, RI :American Mathematical Society,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XI, 634 S.
    Series Statement: Graduate studies in mathematics 200
    ISBN: 978-1-4704-4366-5
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 19
    Book
    Book
    Maschinelles Lernen : Grundlagen und Algorithmen in Python (2019)
    Details
    Title: Maschinelles Lernen : Grundlagen und Algorithmen in Python
    Author: Frochte, Jörg
    Edition: 2., aktualisierte Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 406 Seiten : , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 978-3-446-45996-0
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 20
    Book
    Book
    CQRS : Command Query Responsibility Segregation (2019)
    Independently published,
    Details
    Title: CQRS : Command Query Responsibility Segregation
    Author: Kumar, Ajay
    Publisher: Independently published,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 212 S.
    ISBN: 978-1-7958-7477-9
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 21
    Book
    Book
    Stationärmaschinen - Bandsäge / (2019)
    Details
    Title: Stationärmaschinen - Bandsäge /
    Author: Henn, Guido
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 186 Seiten : , Illustrationen +
    Series Statement: Werkstattwissen für Holzwerker
    ISBN: 978-3-7486-0194-4 , 3-7486-0194-8
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 22
    Book
    Book
    Personalvertretungsgesetz Berlin : Basiskommentar mit Wahlordnung und ergänzenden Vorschriften (2019)
    Köln :Bund-Verlag,
    Details
    Title: Personalvertretungsgesetz Berlin : Basiskommentar mit Wahlordnung und ergänzenden Vorschriften
    Author: Daniels, Wolfgang
    Contributer: Kunze, Sandra , Pätzel, Enrico , Witt, Marko
    Edition: 4., überarbeitete und aktualisierte Auflage
    Publisher: Köln :Bund-Verlag,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 541 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-3-7663-6891-1
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 23
    Book
    Book
    ¬Die¬ Verwendung von TurboCAD in technischen Berufen : zur Erstellung von technischen Zeichnungen und Konstruktionen für Zeichner, Techniker und Ingebie´ure (2019)
    Norderstedt :BoD - Books on Demand,
    Details
    Title: ¬Die¬ Verwendung von TurboCAD in technischen Berufen : zur Erstellung von technischen Zeichnungen und Konstruktionen für Zeichner, Techniker und Ingebie´ure
    Author: Bosse, Matthias
    Edition: 3. Aufl.
    Publisher: Norderstedt :BoD - Books on Demand,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 284 S.
    ISBN: 978-3-7460-1226-1
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 24
    Book
    Book
    Programmieren in TypeScript : Skalierbare JavaScript-Applikationen entwickeln (2019)
    Details
    Title: Programmieren in TypeScript : Skalierbare JavaScript-Applikationen entwickeln
    Author: Cherny, Boris
    Contributer: Lang, Jørgen W.
    Edition: 2. Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XVIII, 310 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-3-96009-122-6
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 25
    Book
    Book
    c't wissen DSGVO : Was 2019 wirklich wichtig ist (2019)
    Details
    Title: c't wissen DSGVO : Was 2019 wirklich wichtig ist
    Author: c't-Redaktion
    Year of publication: 2019
    ISBN: 978-3-95788-223-3
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 26
    Book
    Book
    Tätigkeitsbewertung nach TVöD und TV-L : Eingruppierung, Bewertungsverfahren, Stellenbeschreibung, Arbeitshilfen (2019)
    Details
    Title: Tätigkeitsbewertung nach TVöD und TV-L : Eingruppierung, Bewertungsverfahren, Stellenbeschreibung, Arbeitshilfen
    Author: Kaufung, Harald
    Edition: 3. Aufl.
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 88 Seiten : , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 978-3-415-06464-5
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 27
    Book
    Book
    Linux-Server : das umfassende Handbuch (2019)
    Details
    Title: Linux-Server : das umfassende Handbuch
    Author: Deimeke, Dirk
    Contributer: Kania, Stefan , Soest, Daniel van , Heinlein, Peer , Miesen, Axel
    Edition: 5., aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 1270 Seiten : , Illustrationen ; , 24 cm x 19 cm
    ISBN: 978-3-8362-6092-3 , 3-8362-6092-1
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
    URL: Inhaltstext
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  • 28
    Book
    Book
    Deep Learning Kochbuch : Praxisrezepte für einen schnellen Einstieg (2019)
    Details
    Title: Deep Learning Kochbuch : Praxisrezepte für einen schnellen Einstieg
    Author: Osinga, Douwe
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XVI, 244 Seiten
    ISBN: ISBN 978-3-96009-097-7
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 29
    Book
    Book
    Applied stochastic analysis : E. Weinan, Tiejun Li, Eric Vanden-Eijnden; 199 (2019)
    American Mathematical Society,
    Details
    Title: Applied stochastic analysis : E. Weinan, Tiejun Li, Eric Vanden-Eijnden; 199
    Author: E.Weinan
    Contributer: Li, Tiejun , Vanden-Eijnden, Eric
    Publisher: American Mathematical Society,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 305 S.
    Series Statement: Graduate studies in mathematics 199
    ISBN: 978-1-4704-4933-9
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 30
    Book
    Book
    Urlaubsrecht : Basiskommentar zum BUrlG und zu anderen urlaubsrechtlichen Vorschriften (2019)
    Details
    Title: Urlaubsrecht : Basiskommentar zum BUrlG und zu anderen urlaubsrechtlichen Vorschriften
    Author: Heilmann, Joachim
    Edition: 6., aktualisierte und überarbeitete Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 403 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-3-7663-6871-3
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 31
    Book
    Book
    Riemannian geometric statistics in medical image analysis : (to appear) (2019)
    Amsterdam :Elsevier / Academic Press,
    Details
    Title: Riemannian geometric statistics in medical image analysis : (to appear)
    Author: Pennec, Xavier
    Publisher: Amsterdam :Elsevier / Academic Press,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 550 S.
    ISBN: 978-0-12-814725-2
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 32
    Book
    Book
    Schutz durch DIN VDE : Lehrbuch zu den Lernfeldern: Elektrische Installationen planen und ausführen, Elektroenergieversorgung und Sicherheit von Betriebsmitteln gewährleisten (2019)
    Details
    Title: Schutz durch DIN VDE : Lehrbuch zu den Lernfeldern: Elektrische Installationen planen und ausführen, Elektroenergieversorgung und Sicherheit von Betriebsmitteln gewährleisten
    Author: Fritsche, Hartmut
    Contributer: Häberle, Gregor , Häberle, Verena
    Edition: 19. völlig überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 360 S. +
    Series Statement: Europa-Fachbuchreihe für elektronische, mechatronische und informationstechnische Berufe
    ISBN: 978-3-8085-3728-2
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 33
    Book
    Book
    Einführung in Data Science : Grundprinzipien der Datenanalyse mit Python (2019)
    Details
    Title: Einführung in Data Science : Grundprinzipien der Datenanalyse mit Python
    Contributer: Rother, Kristian , Demmig, Thomas
    Edition: 2. Auflage
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 432 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-3-96009-123-3
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 34
    Book
    Book
    Basiswissen Vergaberecht : Ein Leitfaden für Ausbildung und Praxis (2019)
    Köln :Reguvis Fachmedien,
    Details
    Title: Basiswissen Vergaberecht : Ein Leitfaden für Ausbildung und Praxis
    Author: Rechten, Stephan
    Contributer: Röbke, Marc , Kokew, Christian
    Edition: 3., aktualisierte Auflage
    Publisher: Köln :Reguvis Fachmedien,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 350 Seiten
    Series Statement: Praxisratgeber Vergaberecht
    ISBN: 978-3-8462-1043-7
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 35
    Book
    Book
    VOB Vergabe- und Vertragsordnung für Bauleistungen : Teil A (DIN 1960), Teil B (DIN 1961), Teil C (ATV) (2019)
    Berlin :Beuth-Verlag,
    Details
    Title: VOB Vergabe- und Vertragsordnung für Bauleistungen : Teil A (DIN 1960), Teil B (DIN 1961), Teil C (ATV)
    Edition: Ausgabe 2019
    Publisher: Berlin :Beuth-Verlag,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XVI, 8, 1123 Seiten
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 36
    Book
    Book
    Der Social-Media-Zyklus : Schritt für Schritt zum systematischen Social-Media-Management im Unternehmen (2019)
    Details
    Title: Der Social-Media-Zyklus : Schritt für Schritt zum systematischen Social-Media-Management im Unternehmen
    Author: Decker, Alexander
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: XXI, 573 Seiten : , Illustrationen, Diagramme ; , 24 cm x 16.8 cm
    ISBN: 978-3-658-22872-9
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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  • 37
    Book
    Book
    Energy-Efficient Computing and Data Centers / (2019)
    Wiley & Sons Ltd,
    Details
    Title: Energy-Efficient Computing and Data Centers /
    Author: Brochard, Luigi
    Contributer: Kamath, Vinod , Corbalan, Julita
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    Publisher: Wiley & Sons Ltd,
    Year of publication: 2019
    Pages: 234 Seiten
    ISBN: 978-1-78630-185-7
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
    URL: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=2226921&site=ehost-live
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  • 38
    Book
    Book
    Computing : archives for informatics and numerical computation; Supplementum (1977-2003)
    Wien [u.a.] :Springer, ; 1.1977 - 16.2003; damit Ersch. eingest.
    Details
    Title: Computing : archives for informatics and numerical computation; Supplementum
    Publisher: Wien [u.a.] :Springer,
    Year of publication: 1977-2003
    Dates of Publication: 1.1977 - 16.2003; damit Ersch. eingest.
    Type of Medium: Book
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  • 39
    Book
    Book
    Computer personnel : a quarterly publ. of the Special Interest Group on Computer Personnel Research, SIGCPR (1971-1999)
    New York, NY :ACM, ; Nachgewiesen 2.1971 - 20.1999,4; damit Ersch. eingest.
    Details
    Title: Computer personnel : a quarterly publ. of the Special Interest Group on Computer Personnel Research, SIGCPR
    Publisher: New York, NY :ACM,
    Year of publication: 1971-1999
    Dates of Publication: Nachgewiesen 2.1971 - 20.1999,4; damit Ersch. eingest.
    ISSN: 0160-2497
    Type of Medium: Book
    Parallel Title: Internetausg. ---〉:Computer personnel
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  • 40
    Book
    Book
    Online : erfolgreiches Informationsmanagement, ADI-Nachrichten, ÖVD ; Organ d. ADI - Anwenderverband Deutscher Informationsverarbeiter e.V (1973-1997)
    Bergheim :DATACOM-Zeitschriften-Verl., | Köln Müller -1993,9 ; 11.1973 - 14.1976; 19.1981 - 20.1982; 1983 - 1994; 32.1995 - 34.1997,10
    Details
    Title: Online : erfolgreiches Informationsmanagement, ADI-Nachrichten, ÖVD ; Organ d. ADI - Anwenderverband Deutscher Informationsverarbeiter e.V
    Contributer: Anwenderverband Deutscher Informationsverarbeiter
    Publisher: Bergheim :DATACOM-Zeitschriften-Verl., , Köln Müller -1993,9
    Year of publication: 1973-1997
    Dates of Publication: 11.1973 - 14.1976; 19.1981 - 20.1982; 1983 - 1994; 32.1995 - 34.1997,10
    ISSN: 0340-1545 , 0179-6623 , 0342-9393
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: Undetermined
    Former Title: Vorg. ---〉:Zeitschrift für Datenverarbeitung
    Subsequent Title: 15.1977 - 18.1980 ---〉:ADL-Verband für Informationsverarbeitung: ADL-Nachrichten, Online
    Subsequent Title: Aufgeg. in ---〉:Information week
    Note: Später ohne Zählung
    Additional Information: Beil. ---〉:Drucker spezial
    Additional Information: Beil. ---〉:Online / special
    Additional Information: Darin ---〉:Anwenderverband Deutscher Informationsverarbeiter: ADI-Nachrichten, ÖVD
    Additional Information: Beil. ---〉:Pro info
    Additional Information: Beil. ---〉:Online-Info
    Additional Information: 1996 darin ---〉:Datacom-Special
    Parallel Title: 19.1981 auch in ---〉:Öffentliche Verwaltung und Datenverarbeitung
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of thermal flare plasmas (3×106–3×107 K): Observational results (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3203-3241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: One of the most violent while best observed phenomena occurring in the solar upper atmosphere is flare emission in the 3×106 to 3×107 K temperature range. This emission, commonly called thermal flare emission, can vary in intensity by more than five orders of magnitude, and exhibits regular and predictable properties. A wealth of observational data regarding thermal solar flares has been collected. Through these data the morphological properties of thermal flares have been determined. Plasma properties such as electron temperatures, electron densities, mass motions, and variations in elemental abundances during the course of the flare are well established. Observational data have also been used to determine relationships between peak fluxes and maximum flare temperatures as well as general properties of the light curve of flares.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871605
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perpendicular ion acceleration by localized high frequency electric fields in magnetized plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3251-3266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A basic process capable of explaining observations of fast perpendicular ions in a wide range of plasma environments is described. Spatial symmetry breaking perpendicular to the confining magnetic field is shown to cause irreversible energy gain for ions gyrating through an electric field having a nonuniform amplitude. The efficiency depends on the ratio of the ion Larmor radius to the scale length of the amplitude gradient, and on the scaled frequency ν≡ω/Ωi. A Landau resonance is not required, and there is no lower threshold on the electric field, because the mechanism is active in the linear regime. Theory, numerics, and particle-in-cell simulations are used to illustrate the interaction for electrostatic fields in the lower-hybrid range of frequencies, but the process does not depend on a particular type of mode. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871608
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    l=1 electrostatic instability induced by electron-neutral collisions in a nonneutral electron plasma interacting with background neutral gas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3279-3287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper investigates theoretically the electrostatic stability properties of a nonneutral electron plasma interacting with background neutral gas through elastic collisions with constant collision frequency νen. The model treats the electrons as a strongly magnetized fluid (ωpe2/ωce2(very-much-less-than)1) immersed in a uniform magnetic field B0eˆz, and assumes small-amplitude perturbations with azimuthal mode number l=1 and negligible axial variation (∂/∂z=0). The analysis also assumes weak electron collisions with νen/ωce=ε(very-much-less-than)1, and that the process of heat conduction is sufficiently fast that the electrons have relaxed through electron-electron collisions to a quasiequilibrium state with scalar pressure P(r,θ,t)=n(r,θ,t)T, and isothermal temperature T. Assuming that perturbed quantities vary with time according to exp(−iωt), the detailed stability analysis carried out to first order in νen/ωce(very-much-less-than)1 shows that the real oscillation frequency and growth rate for the l=1 diocotron mode are given, respectively, by the simple expressions Re ω=ω0 and Im ω=(νen/ωce)ω0. Here, ω0=Nec/r2wB0, where rw is the perfectly conducting wall radius, and N=∫d2x n is the number of electrons per unit axial length. This analysis suggests that a measurement of the oscillation frequency and growth rate for the l=1 diocotron mode can be used to infer νen, and thereby serve as a sensor for the background neutral pressure. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871610
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the self-oscillations instability due to the plasma coupling with an emissive hot cathode sheath (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3331-3336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental results are reported showing that plasma self-oscillations appear when the ion flux arriving at the hot emissive cathode double sheath boundary from a continuous plasma discharge is not high enough to sustain the discharge. Using the stability criterion of a double sheath and the particle balance equations, different conditions for the plasma stability are stated, in good qualitative agreement with experimental results. A nonlinear analysis giving the noninteger correlation dimension in a chaotic self-oscillations regime is also reported, showing that a complete understanding of this instability may be reached by a finite set of nonlinear equations. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871602
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory-based transport modeling of the gyro-radius experiments (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3344-3357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Self-consistent predictive transport simulations of temperature and density profiles have been carried out for ten dimensionally similar low (L) mode discharges from the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. Grove and D. M. Meade, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1167 (1985)], Doublet III-D Tokamak [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)], and the Joint European Torus [P. H. Rebut, R. J. Bickerton, and B. E. Keen, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1011 (1985)], where only the normalized Larmor radius was allowed to vary. It is found that a purely gyro-Bohm transport model predicts temperature and density profiles that match the experimental data from these ρ* scans very well. In particular, a combination of theoretically derived transport models is used in these simulations, including the Weiland model for transport due to drift waves (ion temperature gradient and trapped electron modes) and the Guzdar–Drake model for transport due to resistive ballooning modes. These gyro-Bohm transport models depend very sensitively on the shapes as well as the magnitudes of the profiles. As the magnetic field, density and temperature are changed in each dimensionally similar series of discharges, the penetration length of neutrals from the edge varies considerably. This effect causes the shape of the density profiles to change near the edge of the plasma, which causes the scaling of our transport model diffusivities to differ significantly from their fundamentally gyro-Bohm scaling. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871604
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A threshold for excitation of neoclassical tearing modes (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3379-3385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stability criterion for neoclassical tearing modes is obtained from the drift kinetic equation. A finite amplitude of a magnetic island is required for mode excitation. The threshold is determined by the ratio of the transversal and the parallel transport near the island when the flattening of the pressure profile eliminates the bootstrap current. A number of supershots from the database of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. J. Grove and D. M. Meade, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1167 (1985)] are compared with the theory. In cases where the modes were observed in experiment the stability criterion was violated. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871614
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  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Velocity–space asymmetry of the trapping boundary of charged particles at and near the magnetic axis of a tokamak (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3397-3409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In tokamaks, the trajectory of a trapped particle has a pair of poloidal turning points where Vz reverses direction. They form a stagnation point when coalescing on the equatorial plane. The trajectories traversing the stagnation point, because of the finite Larmor radius and hence the banana width, have a threefold degeneracy: a pinch orbit and a kidney orbit of a trapped particle, and a loop orbit of a passing particle. When traversing the stagnation point from a pinch orbit, the trajectory of a negative-V(parallel) particle must change to a loop orbit and the particle becomes passing, and that of a positive-V(parallel) particle must change to a kidney orbit and the particle remains trapped. The trapping boundary is asymmetric in V(parallel). The percentage of trapped particles in a species in a local Maxwellian plasma depends on the radial distance r as well as on the Larmor radius of its thermal particle. At the axis the trapping ratio is finite and more ions than electrons are trapped; for typical parameters in Princeton Beta Experiment-Modification [Bell et al., Phys. Fluids B 2, 1271 (1990)], for example, 2.2% of electrons and 8.6% of deuterons are trapped. Up to a radial distance of ∼10 times the Larmor radius of a thermal particle, the trapping ratio increases as r2. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871616
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-pulse laser harmonics from oscillating plasma surfaces driven at relativistic intensity (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3425-3437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The generation of harmonics by interaction of an ultrashort laser pulse with a step boundary of a plane overdense plasma layer is studied at intensities Iλ2=1017–1019 W cm−2 μm2 for normal and oblique incidence and different polarizations. Fully relativistic one-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are performed with high spectral resolution. Harmonic emission increases with intensity and also when lowering the plasma density. The simulations reveal strong oscillations of the critical surface driven by the normal component of the laser field and by the ponderomotive force. It is shown that the generation of harmonics can be understood as reflection from the oscillating surface, taking full account of retardation. Describing the oscillations by one or more Fourier components with adjustable amplitudes, model spectra are obtained that well reproduce the PIC spectra. The model is based on relativistic cold plasma equations for oblique incidence. General selection rules concerning polarization of odd and even harmonics depending on incident polarization are derived. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871619
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron cyclotron resonance heating near the turning point in inhomogeneous magnetic field (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3318-3323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Cyclotron resonance heating of electrons in a magnetic beach is studied by rigorous numerical analysis of the electron trajectories. It is confirmed that a heating response function [Y. Kiwamoto et al., Phys. Plasmas 1 834 (1994)] connecting the velocity distributions in both sides of the resonance layer can be applied over a wider range of electron velocities than originally expected. For electrons mirror-reflected close to the resonance layer, however, the electron velocity distribution after heating substantially deviates from the prediction of the response function. The deviation is quantitatively evaluated to obtain a criterion of applicability of the response function. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871600
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analytic study of the magnetohydrodynamic stability of inverse shear profiles (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3369-3374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper reports on the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability of tokamak field profiles that have a non-monotonic safety factor q(r). An analytic criterion is obtained for these "inverse shear'' profiles by expanding in inverse aspect ratio and assuming that the minimum in q is slightly less than the m/n value of the mode under examination (m and n being the principal poloidal and toroidal mode numbers of the instability). Three terms are identified as controlling the stability of this "double kink''; two of them are stabilizing and due, respectively, to field line bending and the interaction of average favorable curvature with the pressure gradient. The possibility of instability comes from the third term which is due to toroidal coupling and is ballooning in character. The analytic results are compared with those from a fully toroidal stability code.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871612
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of transport in stellarators by self-shielding (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3375-3378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In neoclassical transport theory the parallel viscosity causes the plasma pressure orthogonal to the magnetic field to depend on the poloidal and toroidal angles. If the Fourier components of the perpendicular pressure and the field strength are pMN and εMNB0, then one obtains strong shielding of a Fourier component of the field when |pMN|/|εMN|〉B20/μ0. Estimates imply shielding becomes important in a stellarator for |εMN| smaller than a few tenths of a percent. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871613
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  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulated Raman scattering in a plasma channel (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3410-3413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An intense laser beam propagating in a low-density plasma channel undergoes stimulated Raman forward scattering, producing a plasma wave and two electromagnetic sideband waves. The electromagnetic waves are localized within a width ∼(ca/ωp0)1/2, where a is the radius of the channel, ωp0 is the plasma frequency on the axis of the channel, and c is the velocity of light, whereas the localization of the plasma wave is dependent on the growth rate of the Raman process. The localization effects reduce the region of interaction and the growth rate. At moderate intensities the growth rate scales as 2/3 power of intensity, however, at higher intensities it varies less rapidly. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871617
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  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimentally determined profiles of fast wave current drive in a tokamak (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2846-2848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Profiles of the noninductive current, driven by direct electron absorption of fast waves in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies, have been determined for DIII-D tokamak discharges [Luxon et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 159]. The results clearly indicate the presence of centrally peaked driven current and validate theoretical models of fast wave current drive. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871643
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  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solitary kinetic Alfvén waves in the two-fluid model (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2879-2884 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Employing the two-fluid model, a generalized Sagdeev equation governing solitary kinetic Alfvén waves (SKAWs) and the criterion for the existence of SKAWs, which are valid for different ranges of plasma pressure parameter β, are presented. In the limit cases of β(very-much-greater-than)me/mi and β(very-much-less-than)me/mi, the present results correspond, respectively, with conclusions obtained by Hasegawa et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 37, 690 (1976)] and by Shukla et al. [J. Plasma Phys. 28, 125 (1982)], that is, SKAWs accompanied by, respectively, hump and dip density solitons for β(very-much-greater-than)me/mi and β(very-much-less-than)me/mi. However, for the case of β∼me/mi, the present results show that SKAWs accompanied by both hump and dip density solitons are possible, and lead to KdV solitons in the small amplitude limit. In addition, the possibility for applying these results to electromagnetic spikes observed by the Freja scientific satellite is discussed [detailed information about the Freja satellite experiments can be found in serial papers presented in Space Sci. Rev. 70, Nos. 3/4 (1994)]. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871648
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  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model realization of self-organized criticality for plasma confinement (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2903-2911 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A model for plasma transport near marginal stability is presented. The model is based on subcri- tical resistive pressure-gradient-driven turbulence. Three-dimensional nonlinear calculations based on this model show effective transport for subcritical mean profiles. This model exhibits some of the characteristic properties of self-organized criticality. Perturbative transport techniques are used to elucidate the transport properties. Propagation of positive and negative pulses is studied. The observed results suggest a possible explanation of the apparent nonlocal effects ob- served with perturbative experiments in tokamaks. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871650
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  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detuning effect of negative ions on oscillating-two-stream instabilities of electromagnetic waves (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3513-3515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is proved analytically in the three-fluid theory of a plasma that the effect of negative ions on the oscillating-two-stream instability results in a change of the frequency mismatch between the electromagnetic pump and the electron plasma wave. Ion thermal and collision terms are assumed to be negligible. This negative ion effect can completely detune and suppress the instability, if the number density ratio of negative to positive ions is greater than 2(v20/v2th), where v0 is the oscillation velocity amplitude of electrons under the pump and vth is the electron thermal speed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871593
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  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cylindrical curvature on nonlocal electron transport in a plasma (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3518-3519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Following earlier analyses for the planar and spherical cases, nonlocal electron radial transport is treated for cylindrical high-Z plasmas. Comparison of the result with earlier ones shows that, for the same parameters, the magnitude of the nonlocal heat flux for the cylindrical case is intermediate between the planar and spherical cases, and somewhat closer to the spherical case. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871503
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  • 58
    Electronic Resource
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    Characteristics of a weakly ionized non-neutral plasma (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2859-2863 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A scheme that allows stable confinement of a weakly ionized non-neutral plasma is discussed. The method requires the forced rotation of the neutral gas within the trap about an axis that roughly coincides with the trap's magnetic and mechanical axes. A number of the basic equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of such a trapped plasma are calculated. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871645
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  • 59
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    Properties of an argon plasma free jet generated from a continuous optical discharge (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2502-2510 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The expansion of a supersonic free jet generated from a laser-sustained argon plasma is studied experimentally by using two techniques: (i) the time-of-flight analysis of velocity distributions of the atom beam skimmed from the free jet, leading to the conclusion that the translational relaxation of the heavy particles (neutral atoms and ions) follows very accurately the classical isentropic laws; (ii) the fluorescence technique for studying the internal state relaxation process by local analysis of the radiation emitted spontaneously from the plasma free jet. Only the electronic states excited above 14.5 eV are found to be in a Boltzmann equilibrium, defining a local temperature Texcit in the structure of the free jet. The axial electronic temperature, calculated using a simple one-dimension thermodynamic model, follows fairly well the experimental values of Texcit, while the translational temperature of the heavy particles decreases much lower, in agreement with the asymptotic value deduced from the velocity distributions of the atom beam. Thus appears the uncoupling between the electronic excitation process, governed by the electronic collisions, and the translational cooling of the heavy particles, governed by the collisions between the heavy particles. A more detailed analysis of the excitation process is obtained through the calculation of the state population densities with a collisional-radiative model. The agreement with the experimental measurements is rather good for most of the states investigated. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871968
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  • 60
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    Finite Larmor radius magnetohydrodynamics of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2523-2532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The evolution of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability is studied using finite Larmor radius (FLR) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory. Finite Larmor radius effects are introduced in the momentum equation through an anisotropic ion stress tensor. Roberts and Taylor [Phys. Rev. Lett. 3, 197 (1962)], using fluid theory, demonstrated that FLR effects can stabilize the Rayleigh–Taylor instability in the short-wavelength limit (kLn(very-much-greater-than)1, where k is the wave number and Ln is the density gradient scale length). In this paper a linear mode equation is derived that is valid for arbitrary kLn. Analytic solutions are presented in both the short-wavelength (kLn(very-much-greater-than)1) and long-wavelength (kLn(very-much-less-than)1) regimes, and numerical solutions are presented for the intermediate regime (kLn∼1). The long-wavelength modes are shown to be the most difficult to stabilize. More important, the nonlinear evolution of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability is studied using a newly developed two-dimensional (2-D) FLR MHD code. The FLR effects are shown to be a stabilizing influence on the Rayleigh–Taylor instability; the short-wavelength modes are the easiest to stabilize, consistent with linear theory. In the nonlinear regime, the FLR effects cause the "bubbles and spikes'' that develop because of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability to convect along the density gradient and to tilt. Applications of this model to space and laboratory plasma phenomena are discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871970
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    Computer experiments on dynamical cloud and space time fluctuations in one-dimensional meta-equilibrium plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2538-2545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The test particle picture is a central theory of weakly correlated plasma. While experiments and computer experiments have confirmed the validity of this theory at thermal equilibrium, the extension to meta-equilibrium distributions presents interesting and intriguing points connected to the under or over-population of the tail of these distributions (high velocity) which have not yet been tested. Moreover, the general dynamical Debye cloud (which is a generalization of the static Debye cloud supposing a plasma at thermal equilibrium and a test particle of zero velocity) for any test particle velocity and three typical velocity distributions (equilibrium plus two meta-equilibriums) are presented. The simulations deal with a one-dimensional two-component plasma and, moreover, the relevance of the check for real three-dimensional plasma is outlined. Two kinds of results are presented: the dynamical cloud itself and the more usual density (or energy) fluctuation spectrums. Special attention is paid to the behavior of long wavelengths which needs long systems with very small graininess effects and, consequently, sizable computation efforts. Finally, the divergence or absence of energy in the small wave numbers connected to the excess or lack of fast particles of the two above mentioned meta-equilibrium is exhibited. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871724
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  • 62
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    Quasi-two-dimensional fast kinematic dynamo instabilities of chaotic fluid flows (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2564-2578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper tests previous heuristically derived general theoretical results for the fast kinematic dynamo instability of a smooth, chaotic flow by comparison of the theoretical results with numerical computations on a particular class of model flows. The class of chaotic flows studied allows very efficient high resolution computation. It is shown that an initial spatially uniform magnetic field undergoes two phases of growth, one before and one after the diffusion scale has been reached. Fast dynamo action is obtained for large magnetic Reynolds number Rm. The initial exponential growth rate of moments of the magnetic field, the long time dynamo growth rate, and multifractal dimension spectra of the magnetic fields are calculated from theory using the numerically determined finite time Lyapunov exponent probability distribution of the flow and the cancellation exponent. All these results are numerically tested by generating a quasi-two-dimensional dynamo at magnetic Reynolds number Rm of order up to 105. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871964
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    Pulsed currents carried by whistlers. VI. Nonlinear effects (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2589-2598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a large magnetized laboratory plasma (n(approximately-equal-to)1011 cm−3, kTe≥1 eV, B0≥10 G, 1 m × 2.5 m), current pulses in excess of the Langmuir limit (150 A, 0.2 μs) are drawn to electrodes in a parameter regime characterized by electron magnetohydrodynamics (ωci(very-much-less-than)ω(very-much-less-than)ωce). The transient plasma current is transported by low-frequency whistlers forming wave packets with topologies of three-dimensional vortices. The generalized vorticity, Ω, is shown to be frozen into the electron fluid drifting with velocity v, satisfying ∂Ω/∂t(approximately-equal-to)∇×(v×Ω). The nonlinearity in v×Ω is negligible since v and Ω(r,t) are found to be nearly parallel. However, large currents associated with v≥(2kTe/me)1/2 lead to strong electron heating which modifies the damping of whistlers in collisional plasmas. Heating in a flux tube provides a filament of high Spitzer conductivity, which permits a nearly collisionless propagation of whistler pulses. This filamentation effect is not associated with density modifications as in modulational instabilities, but arises from conductivity modifications. The companion paper [Stenzel and Urrutia, Phys. Plasmas 3, 2599 (1996)] shows that, after the decay of the transient wave magnetic field, magnetic helicity remains in the plasma due to temperature-gradient driven currents. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872080
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    Ballooning instability precursors to high β disruptions on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2620-2625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Toroidally localized ballooning modes have been found as precursors to high β disruptions in many regimes on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. Meade et al., Proceedings of the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion, Washington, DC, 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. I, pp. 9–24]. Lower frequency, global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) activity, typically an ideal n=1 kink mode, causes the toroidal localization. Larger-amplitude n=1 modes result in stronger toroidal localization of the ballooning modes. The modes are typically localized to a region spanning about 90°–120° in the toroidal direction. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871975
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    Stabilization of the resistive wall mode using a fake rotating shell (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2641-2652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Tokamak plasma performance can, in theory, be greatly improved if the so-called "resistive wall mode'' is stabilized. This can be achieved by spinning the plasma rapidly, but such a scheme would be difficult to implement in a reactor setting. A more promising approach is to apply external feedback in order to make a resistive shell placed around the plasma act like a perfect conductor. A scheme is outlined by which a network of feedback controlled conductors surrounding the plasma can be made to act like a rotating shell. This fake rotating shell combined with a stationary conventional shell (e.g., the vacuum vessel) can completely stabilize the resistive wall mode. The gain, bandwidth, current, and power requirements of the feedback amplifiers are extremely modest. A previously proposed stabilization scheme (the intelligent shell) is also investigated, and is compared with the fake rotating shell concept. The main disadvantage of the former scheme is that it requires a high gain. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871521
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    Subpicosecond KrF*-laser plasma interaction at intensities between 1014 and 1017 W/cm2 (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2679-2685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interaction of high-intensity subpicosecond KrF*-laser pulses with aluminium plasmas is investigated at intensities between 1014 and 1017 W/cm2. Using a one-dimensional hydrocode, the laser energy absorption and time evolution of plasma parameters have been studied as a function of laser intensity, incidence angle, and polarization. Complementary particle-in-cell simulations have also been performed to check the collisionless absorption component carried by hot electrons and ions. These simulations are compared to previous experiments on laser pulse absorption and x-ray generation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871525
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    Two-dimensional analysis of the power transfer between crossed laser beams (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2686-2692 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The power transfer between crossed laser beams made possible by an ion-acoustic wave is studied. A simple formula is derived for the steady-state power transfer, which depends on two dimensionless parameters: the ratio of the incident beam intensities and the normalized beamwidth. Numerical simulations show that the transient power transfer is larger than the steady-state power transfer and usually oscillates in time. The convective depletion of the higher-frequency beam saturates the power transfer more quickly than the damping of the ion-acoustic wave. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871721
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    Propagation of ultraintense laser pulses through overdense plasma layers (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2693-2701 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Due to relativistic effects, a large amplitude electromagnetic wave can propagate in a classically overdense plasma with ω2p(approximately-greater-than)ω2(approximately-greater-than)ω2p/γ, where ωp is the plasma frequency, ω the laser frequency, and γ the relativistic factor of an electron in the laser field. Particle-in-cell simulations are used to study the interaction of an ultrahigh intensity laser pulse in normal incidence on a one-dimensional preformed plasma layer. Both electrons and ions dynamics are included. The width of the layer is 10 to 30 μm and the plasma is characterized by (ωp/ω)2=1.5. During the penetration of the electromagnetic wave a large longitudinal electric field is generated. It results in a strong longitudinal heating of electrons which reach relativistic temperatures. This heating further lowers the effective plasma frequency ωp/γ so the layer becomes almost transparent after the plasma crossing by the wave front. Velocity of the wave front, reflection and transmission rates are studied as functions of the incident energy flux, the plasma thickness, and the pulse duration. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871526
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  • 69
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    Joule heating of a current layer due to plasma density inhomogeneities (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2248-2254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the present paper the magnetic field dynamics in the frame of electron magnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) theory is considered in the case of a current passing through a plasma of inhomogeneous density. It is shown: (1) due to the Hall effect the Joule heating of a current layer increases up to (ωτ)ei times the Joule heating of ordinary homogeneous plasma. (2) The EMHD magnetic field dynamics can be considered as an enhanced magnetic field diffusion in the frame of MHD theory, using "efficient'' coefficients of plasma conductivity and of magnetic field diffusion. The "efficient'' coefficient of the magnetic field diffusion cT/10eH in the case of magnetic field-plasma equilibrium is the same order of magnitude as the Bohm's coefficient cT/16eH. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871933
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    Construction of the weakly-relativistic Fokker-Planck kinetic equation in the Darwin approximation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2255-2264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The explicit form of the weakly-relativistic Vlasov and the Fokker-Planck collision operators for a multispecies plasma are evaluated by using a systematic expansion in β(underbar)=v(underbar)/c and retaining corrections up to the second order. Properties of these operators are investigated. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871907
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    Analysis of noble gas recycling at a fusion plasma divertor (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2286-2292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Near-surface recycling of neon and argon atoms and ions at a divertor has been studied using impurity transport and surface interaction codes. A fixed background deuterium–tritium plasma model is used corresponding to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) [ITER EDA Agreement and Protocol 2, ITER EDA Documentation Series No. 5 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1994)] radiative plasma conditions (Te≤10 eV). The noble gas transport depends critically on the divertor surface material. For low-Z materials (Be and C) both neon and argon recycle many (e.g., ∼100) times before leaving the near-surface region. This is also true for an argon on tungsten combination. For neon on tungsten, however, there is low recycling. These variations are due to differences in particle and energy reflection coefficients, mass, and ionization rates. In some cases a high flux of recycling atoms is ionized within the magnetic sheath and this can change local sheath parameters. Due to inhibited backflow, high recycling, and possibly high sputtering, noble gas seeding (for purposes of enhancing radiation) may be incompatible with Be or C surfaces, for fusion reactor conditions. On the other hand, neon use appears compatible with tungsten. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871911
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    Model for relaxation in reversed-field pinch plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2316-2330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this article, a model for anomalous ion heating, a dynamo current-sustained edge toroidal field, and a sawtooth oscillation during the relaxation in the reversed-field pinch (RFP) plasma is presented. The dynamo (α), the turbulent resistivity (β) and viscosity (χ), dependent on the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) fluctuations, are incorporated into the model. Turbulent viscous dissipation of the fluctuation energy is proposed as the mechanism of the anomalous ion heating. This is a straightforward corollary of the turbulent viscosity heating of ions in that the temperature of the heavier ions is higher than that of the lighter ions and that the ion temperature increases with the MHD fluctuation level. Correspondingly, the turbulent resistivity heats electrons anomalously. It is shown that the dynamo current, generated by the back-transfer of fluctuating magnetic field helicity to mean magnetic field, sustains the RFP magnetic configuration. In the edge the total current density is approximately equal to the dynamo current density, while at the core the dynamo current opposes the applied electric-field-driven current, flattening the current profile. Provided the α dynamo has a periodic behavior in time, the physical quantities of the RFP plasma have a sawtooth time dependence. The local poloidal current density in the edge increases during the sawtooth crash and peaks at the end of the crash, as do the ion and electron temperatures. In contrast, the toroidal current density at the core decreases during the crash and arrives at its minimum at the end of the crash. Qualitatively, the conclusions drawn from the present model are in good agreement with many of the experimental results [Scime et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2165 (1992); Ji et al., ibid. 73, 668 (1994)] and the numerical simulations. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871914
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    Gyrokinetic-magnetohydrodynamic hybrid simulation of the transition from toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes to kinetic ballooning modes in tokamaks (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2349-2352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A gyrokinetic-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) hybrid simulation code has been developed in order to study high-n (where n is the toroidal mode number) MHD instabilities driven by energetic particles in finite-β tokamaks. Here β is the ratio between plasma and magnetic pressures. Specifically, it is observed that as the core plasma β value increases, there is a corresponding transition from the toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) to the kinetic ballooning mode (KBM). The energetic particle mode (EPM) branches of both the toroidal Alfvén mode (TAM) and KBM are shown to be important in this transition. KBM are preferentially excited when the energetic particle velocity is small compared to the Alfvén velocity. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871918
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    Transport processes and entropy production in toroidal plasmas with gyrokinetic electromagnetic turbulence (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2379-2394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transport processes and resultant entropy production in magnetically confined plasmas are studied in detail for toroidal systems with gyrokinetic electromagnetic turbulence. The kinetic equation including the turbulent fluctuations are double averaged over the ensemble and the gyrophase. The entropy balance equation is derived from the double-averaged kinetic equation with the nonlinear gyrokinetic equation for the fluctuating distribution function. The result clarifies the spatial transport and local production of the entropy due to the classical, neoclassical and anomalous transport processes, respectively. For the anomalous transport process due to the electromagnetic turbulence as well as the classical and neoclassical processes, the kinetic form of the entropy production is rewritten as the thermodynamic form, from which the conjugate pairs of the thermodynamic forces and the transport fluxes are identified. The Onsager symmetry for the anomalous transport equations is shown to be valid within the quasilinear framework. The complete energy balance equation, which takes account of the anomalous transport and exchange of energy due to the fluctuations, is derived from the ensemble-averaged kinetic equation. The intrinsic ambipolarity of the anomalous particle fluxes is shown to hold for the self-consistent turbulent electromagnetic fields satisfying Poisson's equation and Ampère's law. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871922
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    Axial dynamics of the electron beam in the plasma beat-wave accelerator (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2434-2440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using the sheet model for the electron beam, a system of one-dimensional nonlinear equations has been constructed that describes the dynamics of the beam along with that of the three complex wave amplitudes in the plasma beat-wave accelerator scheme. This system can give directly the acceleration rate in terms of the basic parameters of the process. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871726
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    Momentum and energy exchange between species of a multicomponent gas mixture due to inelastic and reactive collisions (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2805-2812 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Formulas are derived for the rates of change of the number density, momentum, and energy of species due to inelastic and reactive collisions, valid for finite values of the Mach number of the relative motion of the reacting species and for different temperatures of the species. The Wang Chang-Uhlenbeck-de Boer approach is employed. With the aim to make the obtained results more practicable, explicit formulas are given relating the introduced kinetic coefficients to the reaction rate constant, rather than to the reaction cross section. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871714
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    Alfvén waves and rotation of collisional plasmas in tokamaks (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2818-2820 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of radio frequency fields on a plasma rotation in the edge (collisional) region of slightly rippled tokamaks is considered. The expressions for poloidal and toroidal velocities and for quasistationary radial electric fields are obtained as a function of absorbed rf power. The estimations of these quantities for the Phaedrus-T tokamak [N. Hershkovitz et al., 15th International Atomic Energy Agency Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Seville, 1994 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, in press)] are also presented. It is shown that Alfvén waves can strongly modify the rotation velocities and radial electric fields in collisional regions of tokamak plasmas. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871716
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    Response to "Comments on ‘Analysis of electron cyclotron current drive using neoclassical Fokker–Planck code without bounce-average approximation' '' [Phys. Plasmas 2, 4570 (1995)] (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2829-2829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871720
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    Generation of the saturated electrostatic potential along a magnetic field line (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2218-2220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of plug potential is usually observed in a tandem mirror experiment without neutral beam injection in the plug region [Phys. Plasmas 2, 2321 (1995)]. The formation requires only the electron cyclotron resonance heating experimentally. In this Letter the plug potential is analytically shown to be created in a tandem mirror with passing ions, mirror trapped ions in the thermal barrier, passing electrons and φ-trapped electrons in a plug potential but without high energy sloshing ions. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871701
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    On the fast rotational equilibrium of a non-neutral plasma column (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2239-2242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The equation governing the stability of a single species non-neutral plasma column to small amplitude electrostatic perturbations is shown to remain unchanged under a certain transformation. This transformation can be used to predict the stability of the fast rotational equilibrium using the results for the slow rotational equilibrium. For the fast rotational equilibrium the zero frequency modes, which can give rise to field error driven transport, are identified. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871931
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    Electromagnetic instability and anomalous resistivity in a magnetic neutral sheet (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2265-2274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An electromagnetic instability in a magnetic neutral sheet is investigated by means of a two-and-one-half dimensional (21/2-D) semi-implicit particle simulation code. Electromagnetic waves are excited slowly in a field null region after saturation of the lower hybrid drift waves excited in an early time on both sides of the neutral sheet. This instability is found to be a new instability, independent of the lower hybrid drift instability. Examination of its characteristic properties indicates that the new instability is highly related to the meandering motions of ions in the neutral sheet. The growth of the instability gives rise to anomalous resistivity in the neutral sheet current. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871908
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    Finite-β and alpha particle effects on kinetic Alfvén wave in a fusion tokamak plasma (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2293-2305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper, a model for the kinetic Alfvén wave (KAW) in the presence of fusion alphas is established. The finite-β (relative to low β) and alpha particle effects on KAW are investigated. In this model, ion sound, transit time magnetic pumping (TTMP), the response of alpha particles (alphas), and those effects considered by preceding authors are included. In cylindrical geometry, a set of three second-order differential equations in r for the perturbed fields Er, E⊥, and E(parallel) is numerically solved. A dispersion relation of the Alfvén wave in the fusion tokamak plasma is derived. The mode conversion and the energy deposition are qualitatively discussed on the basis of this relation. Both the analytical and numerical analyses indicate that (i) no matter whether m (poloidal mode number) is positive [N. Ding et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 1529 (1995)] or negative (mainly studied in the present paper), the alphas do not affect the compressional Alfvén wave, but they do affect the KAW evidently; (ii) for m〈0, it is preferable to choose the frequency ω of the injected wave so that the inequality ω(approximately-greater-than)(Pm±1/Rm±1)−1ω*αm holds for optimal power absorption. The energy deposition at the resonant position close to the interior of the fusion tokamak plasma in taking account of the effects of ion sound and TTMP is less than that without taking account of these effects. But for the same β value, at the position adjacent to the edge the contrary is the case. For a certain resonant position, as the β value increases, the energy deposition decreases. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871912
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    Magnetohydrodynamic kink stability of high pressure (εβpol(very-much-greater-than)1) toroidal plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2337-2343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High pressure toroidal equilibria with εβpol(very-much-greater-than)1 are shown to be violently unstable to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) kink modes. Here, ε is the inverse aspect ratio of a torus with a square conducting wall and βpol is the ratio of the plasma pressure to the poloidal magnetic field pressure. A broad spectrum of toroidal mode numbers is unstable at large εβpol. These modes grow rapidly, with a very short exponential growth time of the order of the Alfvén time. The growth rate of the kink mode is independent of the magnitude of the resistivity of the plasma. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871916
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  • 84
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    Collisionless m=1 reconnection in tokamaks (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2411-2422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In high temperature tokamak regimes, the m=1 reconnecting mode is governed by two fluid effects associated with the electron skin-depth de=c/ωpe and the ion sound radius ρs=cs/Ωci. To clarify the early nonlinear dynamics of this mode, numerical simulations of a two fluid model are presented. To simulate physically reasonable parameters in a tokamak geometry, an efficient approach is used in which only a narrow layer surrounding the q=1 surface and m=1 magnetic island must be simulated. In the usual tokamak case ρs(approximately-greater-than)de, as well as the limit ρs=0, the early nonlinear growth of the mode is faster than exponential due a broadening of the flow layer. This broadening appears to result from tension in the magnetic field lines, which acts to pull the layer open as the island grows. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871925
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  • 85
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    Forced magnetic reconnection and the persistence of current sheets in static and rotating plasmas due to a sinusoidal boundary perturbation (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2427-2433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The problem of forced reconnection in static and rotating plasmas due to a sinusoidal boundary perturbation is revisited. The primary focus of this paper is on inner region dynamics, including the effects of resistivity as well as viscosity. It is shown that for high-Lundquist-number plasmas, the use of the "constant-ψ'' approximation in the linear and nonlinear regimes of forced reconnection is not justified. The linear and nonlinear dynamics in the inner region are characterized by the persistence of current sheets. Explicit analytical solutions for the time dependence of the reconnected flux and current sheet density are given, and tested by numerical simulations. These results differ qualitatively from earlier analytical results on forced reconnection in static plasmas [T. S. Hahm and R. M. Kulsrud, Phys. Fluids 28, 2412 (1985)] (except in a very restricted range of parameters) as well as rotating plasmas [R. Fitzpatrick and T. C. Hender, Phys. Fluids B 3, 644 (1991)]. Some qualitative implications for laboratory and space plasmas are discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871927
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  • 86
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    Instability of the Lembège–Pellat equilibrium under ideal magnetohydrodynamics (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2472-2474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetotail-like equilibrium model of Lembège and Pellat [Phys. Fluids, 25, 1995 (1982)] has been used in a number of stability calculations over the past 13 years. Most of these computations examine collisionless tearing—a mode of tail instability first suggested by Coppi et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 16, 1207 (1966)]—or other kinetic modes and involve both analytical and computer analysis. In this Communication it is shown, analytically, that the equilibrium model of Lembège and Pellat is unstable according to ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). More precisely, for the ideal MHD stability theory of Bernstein et al. [Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 244, 17 (1958)] it is proven that Λ=p′+Γp (v″/v′)〈0. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871710
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  • 87
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    Simulations of electrostatic modes of non-neutral plasmas with small aspect ratio in a Penning trap (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1502-1511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dependence on induced charge, experimental geometry, and temperature of electrostatic modes in very low aspect ratio non-neutral plasmas in a Penning trap is considered. The modes are of interest as non-destructive diagnostics of the shape of the plasmas. These investigations include equilibrium calculations of plasma shapes and profiles at finite temperature and particle-in-cell simulations of axisymmetric modes. The results of the simulations are compared to the zero-temperature theory by Dubin [Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 2076 (1991)] taken to first-order in the aspect ratio and to experimental measurements by Weimer et al. [Phys. Rev. A 49, 3842 (1994)]. In general, it is concluded that the Dubin theory provides a means to obtain reasonable estimates of plasma parameters, including density, radius, and axial length, for plasmas in the very important regime for which the axial length is comparable to the Debye length. In addition, dependence on induced charge, equilibrium shape, and plasma temperature are identified which can likely be used to improve agreement between theory and experiment. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872011
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  • 88
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    Electronmagnetohydrodynamic response of a plasma to an external current pulse (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1484-1494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper we examine the dynamic response of a magnetoplasma to an external time-dependent current source in the context of electronmagnetohydrodynamics (EMHD). A combined analytic and numerical technique is developed to address this problem. The set of cold electron plasma and Maxwell's equations are first solved analytically in the (k,ω) space. Inverse Laplace and three-dimensional complex Fast Fourier Transform techniques are used subsequently to numerically transform the radiation fields and plasma currents from the (k,ω) space to the (r,t) space. The results show that the electron plasma responds to a time-varying current source imposed across the magnetic field by exciting whistler/helicon waves and forming an expanding local current loop, driven by field-aligned plasma currents. The current loop consists of two antiparallel field-aligned current channels concentrated at the ends of the imposed current and a cross-field Hall current region connecting these channels. The characteristics of the current closure region are determined by the background plasma density, the magnetic field, and the time scale of the current source. The results are applied to the ionospheric generation of extremely low-frequency (ELF) and very low-frequency (VLF) radiation using amplitude modulated high-frequency heating. It is found that contrary to previous suggestions the dominant radiating moment of the ELF/VLF ionospheric source is an equivalent horizontal magnetic dipole. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872009
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  • 89
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    Stochastic ion behavior in subharmonic and superharmonic electrostatic waves (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1545-1568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamics of a charged particle in a magnetic field perturbed by electrostatic waves propagating transverse to the magnetic field has been investigated. Depending on the number of perturbing waves, the magnitude of the perturbation and the perturbation frequency (ν=r/s=ω/ω0, where r and s are relatively prime integers, and ω0 is the cyclotron frequency), the particle motion can exhibit either a small deviation from simple cyclotron motion or stochastic motion over phase space. The latter case is found to correspond to particle heating and anomalous transport. In the case of cyclotron harmonic perturbations (superharmonic case, s=1), the phase space of the particle is covered by a stochastic web, inside of which the particle motion is chaotic. The particle can, in principle, be heated to very high energy. However, if the wave frequency is some fraction of the ion cyclotron frequency (subharmonic case, s≥2), the heating range is limited. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872014
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  • 90
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    A magnetohydrodynamic stability study of reverse shear equilibria in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1673-1681 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A study is presented of the low-n (n=1,2,3) magnetohydrodynamic stability of equilibria with reverse shear safety factor profiles. The low-n stability boundaries are found to be characterized by resonance structures due to internal so-called "infernal'' mode types of instabilities. The parametric dependence of shear reversal width and depth, current, and pressure gradient on the beta limit are determined by using profile models that allow each parameter to be varied independently. Reverse magnetic shear is found to have a stabilizing influence for modes with toroidal mode numbers n≥2 leading to the possibility of improved β limits in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [Plasma Phys. Controlled Nucl. Fusion Res. 26, 11 (1984)]. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871687
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  • 91
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    Laser beam deflection by flow and nonlinear self-focusing (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1709-1727 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In general, it is found that the plasma density response to a laser beam's ponderomotive force is shifted in the direction of a transverse flow, which in turn deflects the laser beam in that direction, and retards the flow at a temporal rate which is proportional to the beam's spatial deflection rate. This rate is a rapidly increasing function of 〈I〉, the average laser intensity. This may result in finite beam deflections after propagation over a distance of a few speckle lengths for random phase plate optics. In current gas filled hohlraum experiments, the estimated magnitude of these effects is consistent with their experimental observation and one may need to include this physics in order to predict beam pointing which results in a symmetric capsule implosion. Flow retardation may be sufficient to exclude flow from the beam, self-limiting the deflection process. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871690
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  • 92
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    Contribution of Yushmanov-trapped electrons to a thermal dike (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1603-1611 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A substantial amount of Yushmanov-trapped electrons are generated as a result of electron cyclotron resonance heating employed for generating a thermal dike in an open magnetic field configuration. The production rate and the energy spectrum of the trapped electrons are calculated by using a heating response function. The calculated energy spectrum of the end-loss electrons driven from the Yushmanov-trapped region indicates a reduction in power efficiency of the thermal dike. The potential profile modified by the Yushmanov-trapped particles tends to reduce their production rate, leading to a stationary state. Their significance to a thermal dike basic experiment in the end region of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1992 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1993), Vol. 2, p. 651] is discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872019
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  • 93
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    A kinetic model of transient effects in tokamak edge plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1634-1639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fluid descriptions are not adequate for edge plasma studies when the high collision frequency assumption fails in the presence of rapid transient processes. The results of analytic and numerical modeling of some of the non-Maxwellian features of edge plasma transport associated with transient heating and cooling phenomena in the scrape-off layer are presented. It is found that kinetic effects alter the heat conduction coefficient and lead to interesting critical behavior of the distribution function. The numerics are performed with the recently developed time-dependent Fokker–Planck code ALLA. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872023
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  • 94
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    Effects of plasma long-wavelength hydrodynamical fluctuations on stimulated Brillouin scattering (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1689-1699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Two important effects of long wavelength velocity and density perturbations on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) have been identified: (i) nonlinear interaction of the SBS-produced ion acoustic wave with velocity perturbations provides detuning of the SBS interaction, formation of ion acoustic wave satellites and its additional damping; (ii) harmonic generation of long wavelength density perturbations enhances the spectral density of ion acoustic fluctuations over a wide range of wavevectors, including SBS resonant sound waves. The first effect reduces the magnitude of the SBS gain, and the second one enhances the nonthermal noise level for SBS. Long wavelength ion acoustic perturbations reduce SBS reflectivity more dramatically than short wavelength harmonics produced by the SBS driven nonlinear sound wave. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871679
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  • 95
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    Fast magnetic reconnection and sudden enhancement of current sheets due to inward boundary flows (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2129-2134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic reconnection is widely believed to be involved in dynamical phenomena such as solar flares or magnetospheric substorms. The Sweet–Parker model of magnetic reconnection in a Y-type geometry predicts a characteristic time scale proportional to S1/2 (where S is the Lundquist number), which is too slow to account for the observed time scales. The Petschek model, in contrast, predicts a time scale proportional to ln S in an X-point geometry. Numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations in the high-S regime generally validate the Sweet–Parker model, unless the resistivity is enhanced in the diffusion region to large values (such that typically S〈103). It is demonstrated in this paper that nonlinear reconnection dynamics in a Harris sheet driven by inward boundary flows occurs on a nonlinear time scale that is proportional to S1/5 and thus has a weaker dependence on resistivity than the Sweet–Parker time scale. The current sheet amplitude at the separatrix (spanning Y points) grows algebraically in the linear regime but is suddenly enhanced after it makes a transition to the nonlinear regime. An analytical calculation is given for both the linear and the nonlinear regimes, and supported by two-dimensional resistive MHD simulations. The features of sudden current sheet enhancement and fast reconnection, controlled by boundary flows, are relevant to the phenomena of substorm onset or the impulsive phase of flares. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871665
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  • 96
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    Role of beam quality in free-electron lasers (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2156-2162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A kinetic theory of the scaling of free-electron lasers is presented. The results are based on a variational solution of an eigenvalue equation that is derived from the Vlasov–Maxwell equations and includes the effects of optical guiding, betatron oscillations and emittance, energy spread, and self-fields. The dependence of growth rate and filling factor on betatron oscillations and emittance is displayed in terms of scaled variables. A scaled thermal velocity, S, is defined as a measure of axial beam quality and shown to provide a quantitative distinction between the cold and the kinetic regimes of operation. The possibility of enhancing the growth rate by compressing the beam longitudinally is explored and discussed on the basis of the variation of S. Finally, we discuss a surprising result. It is shown that self-fields, by opposing the betatron oscillations due to wiggler gradients, tend to reduce the spread in the axial velocity of the electrons. That is, self-fields effectively cool the beam. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871669
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  • 97
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    Ion divergence in magnetically insulated diodes (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2175-2182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetically insulated ion diodes are being developed to drive inertial confinement fusion. Ion beam microdivergence must be reduced to achieve the very high beam intensities required to achieve this goal. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 3094 (1991)] indicate that instability-induced fluctuations can produce significant ion divergence during acceleration. These simulations exhibit a fast growing mode early in time, which has been identified as the diocotron instability. The divergence generated by this mode is modest, due to the relatively high-frequency ((approximately-greater-than)1 GHz). Later, a low-frequency low-phase-velocity instability develops with a frequency that is approximately the reciprocal of the ion transit time. This instability couples effectively to the ions, and can generate unacceptably large ion divergences ((approximately-greater-than)30 mrad). Linear stability theory reveals that this mode has structure parallel to the applied magnetic field and is related to the modified two-stream instability. Measurements of ion density fluctuations and energy-momentum correlations have confirmed that instabilities develop in ion diodes and contribute to the ion divergence. In addition, spectroscopic measurements indicate that lithium ions have a significant transverse temperature very close to the emission surface. Passive thin-film lithium fluoride (LiF) anodes have larger transverse beam temperatures than laser-irradiated active sources. Calculations of the ion beam source divergence for the LiF film due to surface roughness and the possible loss of adhesion and fragmentation of this film are presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871672
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  • 98
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    Fast ion orbits in spherical tokamaks (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1187-1188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In a spherical tokamak, the 1/R variation of the toroidal field is extreme, and for a given value of the safety factor a relatively low average toroidal field can be used, together with large plasma current and large plasma minor radius and elongation. The poloidal and toroidal fields are then of similar size. In consequence, the orbits of fast ions depart considerably from the guiding center orbits because of gyromotion in the small magnetic fields on the low-field side. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871741
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  • 99
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    Quasi-thermal fluctuations in a beam-plasma system (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1234-1240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The quasi-thermal electrostatic field fluctuations of a stable unmagnetized electron beam-plasma system is considered. Both the beam and the background plasma are modeled as isotropic Maxwellians. Both the normal modes of the plasma and the contributions from other modes are considered. The dependence of these fluctuations on beam velocity, density, and temperature are examined. The implications of these waves for real beam-plasma systems are also discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871747
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  • 100
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    Temperature and anisotropic-temperature relaxation measurements in cold, pure-electron plasmas (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1250-1258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Plasma temperatures in the range 25 to 2×106 K have been measured using a cryogenic, ultra-high vacuum, pure-electron plasma trap. The rate ν at which the temperatures parallel and perpendicular to the applied magnetic field relax to a common value has been measured over the temperature range 28 to 3.8×105 K and the magnetic field range 20 to 60 kG. This rate ν is closely related to the plasma collision frequency. When the cyclotron radius rc is large compared to the classical distance of closest approach b (rc/b(very-much-greater-than)1), the measured values of ν are in agreement with conventional collision theory. When the cyclotron radius is small compared to the classical distance of closest approach (rc/b(very-much-less-than)1), ν drops precipitously as rc/b is decreased, in agreement with the many-electron adiabatic invariant theory of O'Neil and Hjorth. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871749
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