Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1970-1974  (905)
  • 1890-1899
  • 1971  (905)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (788)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (84)
  • Electron microscopy  (33)
Material
Years
  • 1970-1974  (905)
  • 1890-1899
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 8 (1971), S. 165-171 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Ceramic ; Tetracycline ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un implant céramique non poreux est testé au niveau du fémur de rat en ce qui concerne son adhésivité à l'os. Un certain nombre de techniques morphologiques sont utilisées pour examiner le rapport entre l'implant et l'os néoformé. La microscopie électronique par transmission et la microscopie par fluorescence après marquage à la tétracycline ont donné les meilleurs résultats. Un rapport étroit entre l'os minéralisé et la céramique a été noté en microscopie électronique. Par marquage à la tétracycline, il semble que l'implant puisse stimuler la formation osseuse.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Ein unporöses keramisches Implantat in Rattenfemora wurde auf seine Fähigkeit geprüft, sich mit Knochen zu binden. Eine Anzahl morphologischer Techniken wurde verwendet, um die Beziehung zwischen den Oberflächen von Implantat und neuem Knochen zu untersuchen. Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie und Fluoreszenzmikroskopie nach Tetracyclinmarkierung waren die erfolgreichsten Techniken. Eine enge Beziehung zwischen mineralisiertem Knochen und dem Keramikimplantat konnte mit der Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie nachgewiesen werden. Das Aussehen der Tetracyclinmarkierung im keramischen Implantat deutet darauf hin, daß dieses wahrscheinlich die Fähighkeit hat, Knochenbildung zu erhöhen.
    Notes: Abstract A nonporous ceramic implant in rat femora was evaluated as to its ability to bond to bone. A number of morphologic techniques were utilized to examine the interfacial relationship of the implant to new bone. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy after tetracycline labelling were the most successful techniques. An intimate relationship between mineralized bone and the ceramic was demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. The appearance of tetracycline labelling at the ceramic interface indicates that the implant may have capacity to enhance bone formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 8 (1971), S. 287-303 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcification ; Bone ; Matrix ; Apatite ; Nucleation ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Du collagène d'os compact de mouton est préparé par décalcification dans I'EDTA et à partir de tendons de queux de rats, par extraction dans l'acide acétique et reconstitution dans NaCl. Le dépôt d'apatite dans le collagène osseux de mouton dans une solution de calcification métastable est étudié chimiquement et par microscopie électronique. Le collagène osseux est un bon catalyseur de nucléation pour le dépôt minéral, alors que le collagène de tendons de rat ne l'est pas. Le dépôt minéral du collagène osseux se produit en deux phases cinétiques séparées, une phase rapide de nucléation et une croissance cristalline, donnant naissance à de petits ilots calcifiés et une seconde phase lente de croissance dans des régions ne comportant pas de zones catalytiques. La seconde phase de dépôt minéral paraît être le résultat d'une diffusion inhibée d'ions à travers les fibrilles collagènes alignées, laissant de larges régions de collagène sans minéral, bien que le tampon reste hautement sursaturé. La microscopie électronique permet de penser que les zones de catalyse pourraient avoir un rapport avec la périodicité de 640 Å de collagène, mais l'importance d'un matériel noncollagènique, lié au collagène, n'est pas à exclure. L'activité catalytique faible du collagène reconstitué n'est pas liée à la présence d'inhibiteurs faiblement liés, bien que des inhibiteurs puissent être intimement liés à ce type de collagène, qui pourrait être absent du collagène osseux. La différence d'activité catalytique pourrait intervenir dans la calcification physiologique. Une hypothèse plus générale pour la nucléation de la phase minérale dans les systémes biologiques est nécessaire.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Kollagen wurde aus kompaktem Schafsknochen mittels EDTA-Entkalkung und aus Rattenschwanzsehnen durch Essigsäureextraktion und Rekonstitution mit NaCl gewonnen. Die Apatitablagerung aus einer metastabilen Verkalkungslösung auf Schafsknochenkollagen wurde chemisch und im Elektronenmikroskop untersucht. Es zeigte sich, daß das Knochenkollagen ein guter Nukleationskatalysator für die Mineralablagerung ist, was beim Rattenschwanzkollagen nicht zutraf. Im Knochenkollagen erfolgte die Mineralablagerung in zwei getrennten kinetischen Phasen: einer raschen Phase der Nukleation und des Kristallwachstums, welche kleine verkalkte Inseln entstehen läßt, und einer zweiten langsamen Phase, welcher das Wachstum in Bezierken, die keine katalytischaktiven Stellen einschließen, zuzuschreiben ist. Diese zweite Phase der Mineralablagerung wird als Resultat einer verminderten Ionendiffusion durch die enganeinanderliegenden Kollagenfibrillen angesehen, wodurch weite Kollagenbereiche ohne Mineral bleiben, obwohl der Puffer stark übersättigt ist. Elektronenmikrographien ließen vermuten, daß die katalytischaktiven Stellen in einem gewissen Verhältnis zur 640 Å-Periodizität des Kollagens stehen; es konnte jedoch nicht ausgeschlossen werden, daß nicht-kollagenhaltiges Material, welches an Kollagen gebunden ist, ebenfalls eine Rolle spielt. Die schlechte katalytische Aktivität des rekonstituierten Kollagens konnte nicht auf die Anwesenheit von schwachgebundenen Hemmstoffen zurückgeführt werden, obwohl Inhibitoren stark an dieses Kollagen gebunden sein könnten, die jedoch im Knochenkollagen nicht vorhanden sind. Die Unterschiede in der katalytischen Aktivität können mit der physiologischen Verkalkung in Beziehung stehen. Eine allgemeinere Hypothese für die Nukleation einer Mineralphase in biologischen Systemen wäre erforderlich.
    Notes: Abstract Collagen was prepared from compact sheep bone by decalcification with EDTA and from rat tail tendons by acetic acid extraction and reconstitution with NaCl. The deposition of apatite in sheep bone collagen in a metastable calcification solution was studied chemically and by electron microscopy. The bone collagen was shown to be a good nucleation catalyst for mineral deposition, while rat tail collagen was a poor catalyst. Mineral deposition in bone collagen occured in two separate kinetic phases, a rapid phase of nucleation and crystal growth, giving rise to small calcified islands, and a second slow phase, ascribed to growth in regions not involving the catalytic sites. This second phase of mineral deposition is considered to be the result of impaired ion diffusion through the closely-aligned collagen fibrils, thus leaving large areas of the collagen free of mineral even though the buffer remains highly supersaturated. Electron micrographs suggested that the catalytic sites might be in some relationship to the 640 Å periodicity of collagen, but a role for non-collagenous material bound to the collagen has not been excluded. The poor catalytic activity of reconstituted collagen was not due to the presence of loosely-bound inhibitors, although inhibitors could be strongly bound to this type of collagen and be absent from bone collagen. The differences in catalytic activity may have a bearing on physiological calcification. A more general hypothesis for nucleation of a mineral phase in biological systems is required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 12 (1971), S. 447-456 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Cerebellum ; Purkinje cells ; Diphenyl-hydantoin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopic examination of Purkinje Cells was performed in sections from the cerebellum of three albino rats aged 4 1/2 month, intoxicated with diphenylhydantoin for 51 days. Three untreated albino rats served as controls. There were no difference between the substructure of the Purkinje cells from the two groups of animals. It was concluded that diphenylhydantoin in toxic but sublethal doses does not change the substructure of the Purkinje cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 12 (1971), S. 379-388 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Spinal cord ; Neurone ; Synapse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Quantitative electron microscopical observations have been made on the afferent synaptology of neurones in laminae V and VII of the cervical spinal cord of the cat. Both laminae contain large bouton-covered polydendritic neurones of the type seen in the brainstem reticular formation. Each lamina contains two other categories of neurone. One of these, in lamina V, is peculiar in having a very high proportion of afferent boutons filled with dense-core vesicles; similar neurones exist in lamina VII, but their presynaptic afferents do not contain unusual quantities of dense-core vesicles. The third type of neurone in laminae V and VII seems to be identical with an oligodendritic neurone type found in the brainstem reticular formation and parafascicular-centromedian complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 13 (1971), S. 451-460 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Psychotropic drugs ; Rabbit hippocampus ; Glycogen ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following administration of psychotropic drugs, the brains of rabbits were examined by electron microscopy, with special references to glycogen granules in the hippocampus, and were compared with the normal materials. After seven days' intramuscular injections of chlorpromazine (15 mg/kg/day) or trifluoperazine (10 mg/kg/day), glycogen granules appeared diffusely in the perikaryal cytoplasm of the pyramidal cells and small nerve cells and in the myelinated nerve fibers, and were accumulated in the dendrites of pyramidal cells and in the astrocytic cytoplasm. Those animals showed neuroleptic symptomes and extrapyramidal ones throughout the period. The administration of the drugs might inhibit the glycolytic metabolism in neurons and glial cells of the hippocampus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 156 (1971), S. 268-282 
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Isolated rat kidney ; Na net transport ; Pluronic-F-108® ; Electron microscopy ; Oxygen deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Employing a non-ionic detergent as a colloidosmotically active substance 10 fully isolated rat kidneys were perfused for 60 min. A constant glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 1.0 ml × g−1 × min−1 and a mean Na+-net transport of about 92 μmol × g−1 × min−1 was obtained. The mean O2-consumption of 0.17 ml × g−1 × min−1 was rather high. However, addition of the decoupling agent 2,4-dinitrophenol led to an increase of the O2-consumption by 98%, thus speaking against spontaneous uncoupling. Glomerula, proximal and distal convoluted tubules of kidneys perfused with plasmaexpander-solutions were studied electronmicroscopically. The most striking morphological deviations were found in the proximal tubules of the Haemaccel®-perfused kidneys. In the Pluronic®-kidneys significantly less morphological alterations were found. These morphological changes were of a type which was previously described by other investigators after periods of hypoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 63-75 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The growth of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis in continuous culture has been studied when dissolved oxygen and glucose concentrations were held constant at a series of steady-state levels. Both oxygen and glucose controlled the degree of aerobic metabolism and of ethanolic fermentation. When the glucose uptake rate was low (between 1.2 and 2.8 mmoles per hour per gram of yeast) the relative distribution of glucose between ethanolic and aerobic fermentation was sensitive to oxygen: when dissolved oxygen was near to saturation, glucose metabolism was 0.98 aerobic; when dissolved oxygen was 0.01 saturated, 0.8 of intake glucose metabolism was by ethanolic fermentation. On the other hand when glucose intake was high (between 7.6 and 18.2 mmoles) metabolism was predominately by ethanolic fermentation even when dissolved oxygen concentration was at saturation. The extent, to which catabolism proceeded by an anaerobic or aerobic pathway, as judged by ethanol production, was controlled more by the uptake of glucose than of oxygen.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 151-155 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 147-150 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis were grown in batch culture with and without oxygen control.The concentrations of A-, B- and C-type cytochromes of both yeasts were dependent on the oxygen concentration during growth as well as on the initial glucose concentration of the growth medium. S. cerevisiae cytochromes were maximal after growth in low glucose and low oxygen; S. carlsbergensis cytochromes were maximal after growth in low glucose and high oxygen. Except when glucose was in very low concentration, its catabolism by S. carlsbergensis was directed predominantly towards ethanolic fermentation regardless of the oxygen concentration. Growth rate, total cell mass and yield were maximal, and anabolism was closely balanced with catabolism, when glucose and oxygen of S. carlsbergensis cultures were both high. Under these conditions neither catabolism, respiratory or ethanolic, nor glucose uptake were maximal.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 125-145 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In a previous report it was concluded that steady-state operation of completely mixed reactors for growth of heterogeneous microbial populations, i.e., activated sludge processes, was extremely difficult to attain if maintenance of a constant sludge recycle ratio, c, was required, and equations were devised in which the concentration of cells in the recycle, xR, rather than the recycle ratio, was constant. In this report the equations are developed and computational analysis shows the effect on substrate and cell concentrations in the reactor of operational variables such as inflowing feed concentration, hydraulic recycle ratio, recycle sludge concentration, dilution rate, and the biological “constants” μm, ks, and Y. The stabilizing effect of operating with constant xR on the dilute-out pattern is shown.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 353-369 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Kinetic data of the reaction between sulphite ions and dissolved oxygen depend on the purity of sulphite used. Thus it is adequate to determine them for each batch and concentration of sulphite used. Besides the dependence of reaction rate constants on catalyst concentration, it is usually also required to know their dependence on pH and on temperature. Both quantities can change to a great extent especially in absorption apparatus in which high sulphite conversion occurs. They profoundly influence the value of the reaction rate constant. To get a complete picture of the influence of these three quantities without repeating extensive kinetic measurements for every kind and concentration of sulphite used, a method for obtaining information on the influence of all three quoted quantities in the range of values of interest for application is presented.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 451-452 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 449-450 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 457-470 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A 30-liter apparatus for growing cells continuously is described. Samples are taken automatically, thus obviating one of the main causes of contamination. In order to eliminate the continuous introduction of a gas stream, the pH was kept constant by means of the injection of NH4OH or NaOH. Under these circumstances, and by means of the two methods of agitation described - rotary and “by Vibromixer” - a quantity of cells of approximately 4 × 1010 is harvested every 48 to 72 hr.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 503-515 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two-step microbial transformation of 16α-hydroxycortexolone to its 1-dehydro-11α-hydroxy derivative, without isolating an intermediate, was achieved with an overall yield of 72% of product at a steroid substrate concentration of 3 mg/ml. The process included formation of the cycloborate complex of the substrate, hydroxylation of the borate complex with a suspension of Aspergillus ochraceus mycelium in phosphate buffer, and dehydrogenation of the 11α-hydroxylated intermediate with acetone-dried Arthrobacter simplex cells. The desired product was then obtained by breaking the resultant borate complex through acidification.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 471-492 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: HeLa cells have been cultured at different controlled pH levels in batch suspension culture with open gas phase. Continuous monitoring of the dissolved oxygen tension throughout the culture cycle reveals a characteristic pattern of variation which correlates with various aspects of growth and carbohydrate metabolism. The effect of pH, size, and physiological state of the inoculum on this pattern have been determined, and the results are discussed in terms of a theoretical respiratory rate equation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 549-560 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rates of release of 7 enzymes from bakers' yeast have been measured. The disruption process did not cause loss of activity of these enzymes. The various operating pressures, temperatures, and initial yeast concentrations used did not affect the rates of enzyme release relative to protein release. The release of acid phosphatase and invertase was faster than the overall protein release. Alcohol, glucose-6-phosphate, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases were released slightly faster or at the same rate as the overall protein and alkaline phosphatase and fumarase were released more slowly. These observations correlate well with the reported locations of these enzymes in the yeast cell.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 583-588 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 599-618 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen respiration rate measurements in stirred tank reactors or fermentors have been carried out utilizing currently available dissolved oxygen electrodes. Techniques based on previously derived theory1 have been put to experimental tests and found to adequately describe the oxygen transfer phenomena observed in air-water systems and a fermenting broth.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 641-656 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The kinetics of the enzymatic hydrolysis of sucrose by invertase have been examined, with particular emphasis on high substrate concentration. Initial rates of reaction were determined by following the production of glucose directly as a function of time over a wide range of substrate concentrations (0.04M to 2.06M). The resulting data reveal a reaction rate that increases gradually until the sucrose concentration reaches about 0.29M, after which the reaction velocity decreases with increasing sucrose concentration. Previous workers (e.g., Nelson and Schubert1) have reported a peak reaction velocity as determined by indirect polarimetric measurements of glucose, at a sucrose concentration of about 0.17M. These measurements, however, neglect the intermediate oligosaccharides formed by the transferase action of invertase,8-10 and assume equal amounts of glucose and fructose. According to Anderson et al.,10 these oligosaccharides interfere by producing an erroneously low reaction rate. Experimental results of this work confirm Anderson's observations, and show a further reaction rate increase of nearly 20% between sucrose concentrations of 0.177M and 0.285M under the same conditions of temperature, pH, and enzyme-concentration.Effects of substrate diffusion, solution viscisity, water concentration, and substrate inhibition were experimentally studied and the results incorporated into a kinetic model that has proven satisfactory in modeling the experimental results. This model takes into account inhibition by primary substrate, with concentration of the secondary substrate water, as a rate limiting factor at sucrose concentrations greater than 0.285M.The effects of the mixing, in terms of volumetric power input, on the relation rate have been tested. Approximately 40-fold increase in volumetric power input caused on increase in the reaction rate. These experiments have shown that bulk mass transfer is not a rate limiting factor under the experimental conditions.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The growth of microorganisms in fermentations where oil had been maintained as the continuous phase was examined to determine whether advantage could be gained from the increased solubility of oxygen in hydrocarbon. Although cell concentrations were highest in the aqueous phase of oil-continuous systems, due to the large oil fraction, productivities achieved per unit fermenter volume were generally equivalent to those obtained from water-continuous systems. With the oil-continuous emulsions, the power requirement for aeration and mixing was less, and phase reversal resulted in a threefold concentration of cells in the aqueous medium, thereby facilitating their recovery.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 911-917 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 17-47 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Microscope electrophoresis was used to measure the electrophoretic mobility of polystyrene latex particles and bacterial, and mammalian tissue cells. The submicroscopic hydrophilic colloids (gelatin, serum albumin, and staphylococcal enterotoxin B) were adsorbed on latex carrier particles to determine their electrophoretic mobility and the effect of concentration, pH, electrolyte addition, and buffer ionic strength. Mobility curves as a function of pH were established for latex particles at 1 ppm concentration indicating an isoelectric point (IEP) at pH 3.6. The IEP for Escherichia coli B cells was measured at pH 2.8, Serratia marcescens at pH 2.6, Bacillus subtilis var. niger at pH 2.9, and L strain mouse fibroblast cells at pH 4.4. Using an adsorption technique, isoelectric points were measured for proteins: gelatin (acid form) at pH 9.4, serum albumin at pH 4.9, and staphylococcal enterotoxin B at pH 6.3.Procefures for examining electrophoretic characteristics of microscopic and submicroscopic biological particles are described in order to standardize procedures and to generate results applicable to an understanding of parameters influencing concentration and purification of colloidal biological particles.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 165-165 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 323-330 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The authors have investigated a special aspect of the transfer of oxygen: the aeration performance of small-scale suction-impellers in a suspension of activated sludge floes and a performance comparison with clear water. The principle of the impellers is, that in order to disperse air bubbles into the aforementioned liquids, all that we need do is a simple stirring. Due to the impellers the authors could not show a reduction of the oxygen transfer coefficient in the presence of sludge flocs. Former comparative studies of oxygen transfer, using a fixed orifice, did show a reduction in the presence of sludge flocs. Therefore, it seems probable that the effect of activated sludge flocs on the transfer coefficient is linked with the manner in which air is dispersed, i.e., depends on whether an orifice is fixed or moved. The experimental results allow presumption that by developing a high intensity of shear near the location where air bubbles are produced, we are able to minimize the effect of sludge flocs on the process of bubble formation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The chemical, physical, and biological properties of a group of phosphorus-containing antibiotics are reviewed. Included in this family of antibiotics are the following compounds or mixtures of compounds: diumycin, macarbomycin, moenomycin, prasinomycin, 803GRP, 11,837RP, and 19,402RP. Among the aspects discussed are: antimicrobial activity in vitro, long duration of activity, toxicity, use in animal nutrition, cross resistance, mode of action, chemical and physical properties, and degradation studies.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 409-418 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study reports some findings on the death of mammalian cells occurring from fluid dynamic effects when they are pumped through capillaries. The cell strains used were human HeLa S3 and mouse L929, grown in monolayer culture. Cells were harvested and suspensions were pumped through various lengths and diameters of stainless steel capillary tubing. Viability of the cells was assayed by the dye exclusion test. Cell deaths occurred and could be correlated with either average wall shear or power dissipation within the capillary tube. L929 cells were found to be more sensitive than HeLa S3 cells at all shear rates tested.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A process method has been developed for estimating rapidly the conversion of 9α-fluoro-16α-hydroxyhydrocortisone to 9α-fluoro-16α-hydroxyprednisolone in fermentation broths. This allows frequent analyses of samples during the fermentation cycle. The absorbance ratio determination of conversion of the steroids is based on the measurement of the absorbance of aqueous steroid borate complexes at 241.5 mμ and 271 mμ.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 629-639 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Constant current voltametry was shown to be a suitable method for evaluation of electrodes containing immobilized oxidative enzymes as catalysts. The half-cell potential for the oxdidation of D-glucose at constant pH was measured at a series of constant dc currents, using glucose oxidase immobilized in a polyacrylamide gel-platinum gauze matrix as catalyst. Over the range studied the potential versus current data were linear and could be extrapolated to give the open-circuit half-cell potential at zero current. The difference between the measured potential and the open-circuit potential at a constant current was indicative of the loss in useful voltage due to concentration gradients within or adjacent to the enzyme electrode assembly. The relationship between the open-circuit potential and the pH of the reaction mixture was linear with a slope of -0.056, in good agreement with the predicted slope of -0.061.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 619-628 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A detailed study of anaerobic yeast fermentations requires controlled addition of minor amounts of oxygen to the fermentor. A method for supplying small-scale fermentations with millimolar amounts of oxygen is described. The controlled addition is accomplished by diffusion of oxygen through silicone tubing carrying nitrogen to the fermentor. Sulfite values of the fermentation system are given for different gas velocities and lengths of silicone tubing. Two experiments are outlined in which this technique is applied and the possible energy yield from oxydative phosphorylation is discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 663-684 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Mass transfer coefficients and interfacial areas were determined for the aeration of aqueous solutions in a turbine agitated vessel. The mass transfer coefficients measured for water without additive and for sodium chloride solutions matched very well to measurements in the literature for air bubbles of the same diameter in free rise. Thus the only effect of agitation was to determine the bubble size which then in turn set the coefficient. Two surface active agents were studied: sodium dodecyl sulfate and Dow Corning Antifoam C. The rate of mass transfer increased with the former additive but decreased with the latter; however, the mass transfer coefficient was the exact same function of bubble diameter in both cases and the different rates are attributed to the quite different effects on interfacial area.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 685-689 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 691-695 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 697-701 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 709-711 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 703-707 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 865-876 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A simple inexpensive apparatus with a working volume of 10 liters of culture is described. Details of construction and procedures for operation of the cyclone column vessel are given. The vessel is self-contained, so that experimental parameters of temperature and aeration are individually controlled; homogeneous mixing and representative sampling of the culture, besides control of foam without need for antifoam, are obtained. The vessel may be used in single or multistage systems for aerobic or anaerobic cultivation of organisms in batch, chemostat, or phased cultures.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 893-910 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of dispersion and mass transfer resistance on the degree of conversion in an immobilized-enzyme reactor have been considered theoretically. It is assumed that the immobilized enzymes obey a Michaelis-Menten relationship and backmixing can be characterized by a dispersion model. For two extreme cases (perfect mixing and piston flow), approximate equations are obtained, which can be readily used to evaluate the effect of mass transfer on degree of conversion. Numerical solutions are obtained for other intermediate cases. Design charts are given which set practical limits of enzyme reactor design.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 113-123 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Values of cell yield collected over a period of eight years for heterogeneous populations of sewage origin acclimated to glucose in both batch and continuous culture were subjected to statistical analysis. The cell yield for this sole source of carbon (glucose) ranged from 36 to 88 per cent in batch culture, and 32 to 69 per cent in continuous culture. Because experimental conditions were known and well defined, the variability in cell yield is attributable to the ecological variation inherent in a heterogeneous population. The data presented demonstrate the futility of attempts to define Y for such populations as a precise theoretical constant dependent upon thermodynamic properties of the substrate.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 157-163 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equipment has been designed and constructed for the automatic aseptic inoculation and sampling of microbial cultures. It enables fermentations to be started and samples to be taken round-the-clock, according to a predetermined program.The equipment is suitable for microbial processes on both a laboratory and a factory scale.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 169-184 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Candida utilis was grown in batch culture with and without oxygen control. The concentrations of A-, B-, and C-type cytochromes were found to vary with the initial glucose concentration, with the dissolved oxygen concentration, and with time. A-type was the most sensitive. After glucose was essentially exhausted, the yeast catabolized ethanol, if it had been growing in a relatively low initial glucose concentration, or non-glucose carbohydrate, including some of that previously accumulated within the cell, if it had been growing in a high initial glucose concentration. This difference in metabolic pattern could explain why cytochrome derepression was initiated soon after glucose uptake ceased only if initial glucose had been relatively low. The effects of glucose and dissolved oxygen concentrations on yeast cytochromes and respiratory activity are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A decoyinine resistant, KY 13501, isolated after nitrosoguanidine treatment from Brevibacterium ammoniagenes ATCC 6872 converted 5′XMP added in fermentation media to guanine derivatives and accumulated them in the media. The converted substances were identified as guanine, 5′GMP, 5′GDP, and 5′GTP. The conditions for the conversion were examined and the following points were clarified. (1) Very low concentration of manganese ion (Mn2+) showed profound effects on the conversion and the excessive amounts of the ion severely repressed the conversion. (2) Under limitation of Mn2+, 5′XMP was converted most efficiently when added at inoculation time. (3) The inhibition of the conversion by excessive amount of Mn2+ was completely released by addition of a surface activating agent, polyoxyethylene stearylamine. (4) For the conversion, it was essential to maintain pH of the media at 7.5 to 8.0 and supply ammonium ion.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 241-256 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of inoculum size, dispersed phase volume and substrate concentration on the batch growth of Candida lipolytica are investigated in a model system composed of n-hexadecane dissolved in dewaxed gas oil. Tabular values and parameters are presented for 16 different experiments. All of the batch growth curves exhibited a linear growth region with the length of the region ranging from 1.5 to 9.5 hours. The rate of linear growth varied both with change in dispersed phase volume and initial dispersed phase substrate concentration. A qualitative analysis of the results is presented and possible explanations for the observed linear growth rates are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 431-447 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theory of diffusion control within hollow fiber catalysts is derived for three different types of coordinate geometries: Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical. Effectiveness factors are calculated and formulas for reactant conversion in both a fixed-bed and a contimunuous-feed stirred-tank reactor are derived. The apparent Michaelis constant, Km′, is a measure of the amount of diffusion control within the catalysts. When Km′ is equal to Km, the true Michaelis constant, there is no diffusion control. In all other cases Km′ is greater than Km. Hollow fibers are attractive alternatives to spherical microcapsules for the encapsulation of enzymes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 453-456 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 493-502 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Substrate inhibited enzyme reactions occurring in systems open to mass transfer may display multiple steady-state behavior. For a simple one-substrate case it is shown theoretically that the unstable steady-state region always lies within the conversion range of 50-100%. A criterion for the stability of a steady-state point is given. Numerical solutions of the appropriate transient equation show how the system approaches stable steady state in instances where there are three possible steady-state points. The consequences of the existence of an unstable region on the systems response to changes in its parameters is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 517-527 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of inorganic nutrients on iron oxidation by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was studied using a concentration of 2.0 g Fe2+/liter. Besides ammonium-nitrogen and phosphorus, the essential nutrients were sulphate and magnesium, with the lowest unlimiting concentration being 2.0 g SO2-4/liter and 2.0 mg Mg2+/liter for a suspension of about 108 cells/ml. Omitting nitrate, calcium, potassium, and chloride had no influence on the iron oxidation. Nitrate and chloride were inhibitory in high concentrations although the bacteria were able to adapt to their presence. Several organic compounds tested in 0.5% (w/v) concentrations inhibited iron oxidation. Complete inhibition up to 14 days was caused by fructose, lactose, meat extract, yeast, extract, peptone, and tryptone. T. ferrooxidans-strains were able to adapt to the presence of organic material even though they were not necessarily able to use the organic compounds for energy. Some general conclusions are made concerning the role of nutrients in leaching processes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 529-547 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Liquid phase coefficients were measured for the absorption of oxygen from air to the free interface in stirred vessels. Coefficients for absorption into soft water were independent of the instantaneous dissolved oxygen concentration. Coefficients for absorption into soft water containing a surface active agent were strongly dependent on the instantaneous dissolved oxygen level. The degree of nonlinearity of the coefficients was a function of the rate of agitation of the liquid. The coefficients were independent of the amount of surface active agent added above a very low level. Absorption coefficients for bubble aeration in the same vessels were independent of dissolved oxygen concentration even when the surface active agent was present.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 581-582 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 591-596 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 657-662 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Tetrahymena was continuously cultivated in a series of stirred tank reactors with recycle. By holding part of the reactor train at a higher temperature than the remainder a synchronizing influence was introduced into the cells' environment. The system resulted in division occurring preferentially in a small contiguous group of the reactors, this effect being observed in both the number of cells found in each reactor and also their size distribution.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 779-793 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A 160-liter stainless steel algal growth tank has been constructed and has been used essentially continuously for over three years. Filamentous and unicellular blue-green algae as well as a photosynthetic bacterium have been cultured using both ordinary and heavy water (99.8 atom % 2H). By using a recycling technique, yields as high as 25 g/liter of 2H2O have been obtained.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 761-778 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mechanistic model is presented for the growth kinetics of a yeast grown by submerged aerobic fermentation using a liquid hydrocarbon as sole carbon source. The model is based on the assumption that cell growth is governed by the extent of probable cell attachment at the hydrocarbon oil-droplet surfaces in a four-phase dispersion. An analytical expression has been developed for the model. It is shown that for the case of relatively small oil droplets, the model predicts the present and previous experimental data for growth of yeasts (Candida species) in n-alkane systems. The model is further examined for maximal growth in terms of substrate dilution rate and agitation power consumption for a continuous fermentation process.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 215-228 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Growth rates of Candida tropicalis were studied in two different fermentors. One was the ordinary shaker flask containing both the aqueous culture medium and liquid hydrocarbons. The other was a specially designed rotating disk-type fermentor containing only the aqueous culture medium, into which vapors of n-paraffins from C6 to C18 were supplied continuously without forming the liquid hydrocarbon phase. The specific growth rates of Candida tropicalis in the rotating disk fermentor, under such conditions that supply of hydrocarbon vapor was sufficient, showed good agreement with those in the shaker flask. This seems to indicate that hydrocarbon uptake by Candida tropicals by direct contact with liquid hydrocarbon is negligible.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 271-292 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oxygen transfer coefficients were evaluated for a 14-liter stirred tank fermentor equipped with an oxygen probe, employing elemental copper adsorbed on a weakly basic anion-exchange resin as a solid phase oxygen acceptor. The use of a solid phase oxygen acceptor allowed evaluation of mass transfer resistances associated with the solid phase, and the effect of an oxygen adsorbing solid phase on the overall oxygen transport system, portions of the oxygen transfer process that are neglected by the conventional sulfite oxidation method commonly employed. It was concluded from the data obtained that a transport pathway involving transfer of oxygen to particles present near the air-water interface was a significant oxygen transport pathway for the system studied. Oxygen probe measurements performed on the bulk liquid did not recognize this pathway, suggesting that data taken on biological systems by use of techniques involving oxygen concentration measurements in the bulk liquid may not give the true oxygen absorbing capacity of a system.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Efficient production of xanthan gum by fermentation with Xanthomonas campestris NRRL B-1459 can be accomplished at concentrations of xanthan in the fermented broth 〉 3%. This level of more than twice that previously attained by us results from continuously controlling the fermentation pH with alkali. Only a slight decrease in fermentation rate and yield occurs. When ammonia is used for pH control, cell production more than doubles and fermentation time is shortened. However, xanthan yield is decreased by the diversion of additional sugar to growth.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 185-202 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ultrafiltration has been used with increasing frequency in recent years in biological laboratories for concentration, separation or purification of biological material. No data have been available on the comparison of the characteristics of Ultrafiltration systems currently in use. This study compares the filtration characteristics of four systems using commercially available membranes on suspensions and solutions: suspension of protein micelles (casein), cell debris (E. coli) and catalase solution. None of the four systems considered is found to be generally superior for all the suspensions and solutions. Vibration systems were most effective when relatively large particles were involved, while laminar flow recycling systems with high wall shear rates were best for dilute suspensions and proteins in solution. It was found that shearing inactivates enzymes in both recycle and vibration systems. It was also observed that vibration actually reduces flux in dilute solutions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 293-308 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mode of ethanol action on both the steady-state and the dynamic properties of K. aerogenes was investigated using a nitrogen-limited chemostat. Reduction in the maximum growth rate (μm) suggests that noncompetitive enzyme inhibition could occur, but Lineweaver-Burk analysis showed the inhibition to be more complex. A consistent mechanism of inhibition was established for 0-3% v/v ethanol. Warburg manometric experiments indicated that inhibition occurred in pathways located in the intact cell wall. Frequency response analysis, using sinusoidal variations in the dilution rate showed that ethanol increased the time constant of the metabolic parameter, QAC. The system was stable in the presence of ethanol and showed no evidence of oscillations following a disturbance.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 319-322 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 309-317 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Partially purified glucoamylase from Aspergillus awamori NRRL 3112 was immobilized on diethylaminoethyl cellulose in the presence of low ionic-strength acetate buffers at pH 4.2. The active enzyme-cellulose complex was used to convert starch substrates continuously to glucose in stirred reactors. Substrate concentrations as high as 30% could be quantitatively converted to glucose at a rate of more than 25 mg/min/liter at 55°C for periods of 3 to 4 weeks in a 4-liter reactor. Shutdowns were due to mechanical problems and not to loss of enzymes, which could be recovered with no appreciable loss of specific activity. Transfer products, such as isomaltose and panose, were present in immobilized enzyme-produced syrups but to no greater degree than in soluble glucoamylase digests of starch.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 337-352 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The catalytic activity of amyloglucosidase covalently attached to DEAE-cellulose was studied in a packed bed reactor and a continuous feed stirred tank reactor (CSTR) for the reaction maltose → glucose. At low flow rates mass-transfer limitations in the bed reactor lead to lower conversions for this reactor compared to the CSTR. Simple theoretical expressions for these reactors were compared with the experimental results. There are significant differences between the kinetic parameters and pH profile of the immobilized and free enzyme. The immobilized enzyme also showed greater stability at 50°C than did free amyloglucosidase. The temperature dependence of the reaction rate was the same for immobilized and free enzyme.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 713-718 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 721-739 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A respirometer suitable for continuous operation over extended periods of time is described. Oxygen is supplied to the culture by the electrolysis of water. The quantity of oxygen produced by electrolysis within any specified time interval is automatically printed on a tape. This record is combined with a continuous recording of the concentration of dissolved oxygen entering and leaving the reactor to produce a mass balance for oxygen in the system. Details on respirometer construction and operation are presented.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 795-813 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The steady-state and transient behavior of a chemostat-type continuous culture of Aerobacter aerogenes was investigated with special reference to temperature. Experimentally determined kinetic parameters of the fitted steady-state model were found to be strong functions of temperature. The transient response of the culture to a step change in temperature exhibited a dynamic lag whose magnitude depended on the nature and direction of step change.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 335-336 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971) 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 371-379 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Radioactive labeling experiments have shown that radioactivity from L-leucine-U-14C is incorporated into the L-N, β-dimethylleucine residue of the antibiotic etamycin, and that the N-methyl and β-methyl groups of this latter amino acid appear to be derived from L-methionine.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 843-864 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model for the production of gramicidin S in batch and continuous culture is proposed. It is based on the division of the age of a cell into two phases - an immature and a mature one. A nongrowth associated product, such as an antibiotic, is assumed to be produced when the organism is in the older of these two phases, the mature state. The parameters describing the model were evaluated from batch and single stage transient continuous culture of Bacillus brevis, which produces the antibiotic gramicidin S. The predictive value of the model was studied in steady-state single stage continuous culture and in a transient two stage system. Good agreement between the theoretical curves and the experimental results was found in the transient response of both the first and second stage systems, although at high dilution rates (0.34 hr-1) in the first stage, deviations from the predicted response were observed in the second stage. These may have been due to chemostat instability at dilution rates close to washout, lags in cell growth, and a metabolic lag on going from stage one to stage two.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 919-922 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 49-62 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Single cell protein production was studied in a mixed bacterial culture grown in methane using batch and continuous culture techniques. Overall productivity was found to be higher in the continuous culture which gave a maximum productivity value p = 0.15 g/l/h. Methane and oxygen were consumed in the relation 1 : 1.7. Yield coefficients for methane, oxygen, and ammonium chloride were YCH4 = 0.90, YO2 = 0.26, and YNH4Cl = 0.14. The crude protein content of the biomass was 71%.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 99-111 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A combination of Fickian diffusion and Michaelis-Menten kinetics is proposed to describe the rate of diffusion-coupled biochemical reactions. This postulate leads to a nonlinear mathematical model which is solved by a perturbation technique. The result is a relation which permits identification of zones of relative diffusion or reaction influence. The conversion of cellulose to protein by Myrothecium verrucaria is a heterogeneous process that is well-suited to this type of analysis, although the data requirements are severe.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 877-892 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An inexpensive scale-up of the cyclone column apparatus (Can. J. Microbiol., 11, 893 (1965)) is described which is suitable for pilot plant studies on the 10 liter scale. Details of its construction and operation are given.Experimental with phased cultures of C. utilis growing in the equipment are reported during which studies of dissolved oxygen and oxygen uptake were made over the cell cycle. Changes in both oxygen parameters occurred during the cycle and were useful as monitors of the growth. Cell of C. utilis were found to be very sensitive to changes in oxygen supply during the early stages of the cell cycle.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 923-929 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 77-97 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Extensive screening studies on cellulolytic bacteria and fungi led to the selection of Myrothecium verrucaria as the organism producing the maximum rate of protein biosynthesis from ball-milled newspaper. Studies in aerated stirred-jar fermentors were carried out to determine the conditions for maximum protein synthesis rate and maximum final protein concentration. The optimum aeration rate was 250 to 374 mM of oxygen at 300 to 400 rpm stirring rate. The pH optimum was broad, from 3.9 to 6.5. Urea at 0.03% and yeast autolysate at 0.1% stimulated growth rate and protein production. The maximum rate of protein biosynthesis and the maximum protein yield were 0.3 g/liter/day and 1.42 g/liter, respectively, from medium G3 with 4% ball-milled newspaper. The final product, obtained by evaporation of the total culture, was 33.7 g from one liter of medium which originally contained 40 g of ball-milled newspaper and 11.3 g of other dissolved materials. The protein content of this final product was 3.3 g, calculated from total organic N × 6.25 or 1.42 g calculated from the biuret method. Both the synthesis rate and the final cell yield are below those obtainable by growing Fungi Imperfecti, yeasts or bacteria on soluble materials such as glucose.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 165-165 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A process for the bacterial oxidation of isobutyric acid to L(+) β-hydroxyisobutyric acid has been developed. The strain of Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 21244) used in this fermentation was isolated from local soil. The process was carried out in a 15-liter fermentor over a period of 70 hr and produced L(+) β-hydroxyisobutyric acid in conversions as high as 48%. Hydroxylation of the methyl group of isobutyric acid has special interest because it is difficult to perform chemically. The useful chemical syntheses of β-hydroxyisobutyric acid available at present do not start with isobutyric acid and are not stereospecific.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 257-270 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The interaction between male-specific RNA phages and bacterial cells as well as the complete life cycle of RNA phages in the host cells are complicated phenomena. In this study, a mathematical model is proposed to describe the kinetics of RNA phage production in batch culture. The model consists of several important considerations: (1) adsorption and desorption of phages on cell pili, (2) injection and transport of viral RNA, (3) viral protein synthesis, (4) phage maturation, and (5) cell lysis.Experimental data of MS2 RNA phage production in E. coli C 300o bacteria culture were used to evaiuate the model parameters. Reasonably good fit was obtained between the model and one set of data. However, simulation study based on the estimated parameter values revealed a discrepancy between experimental observation and model prediction. It seems that variation both in F-piliation and in the competence of cells to be infected by phages through different phasae of growth must be taken into account in order to make the model useful.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 331-334 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Studies were undertaken on the production of ergot alkaloids in saprophytic culture employing two strains of C. purpurea. In an attempt to improve the yield of the alkaloids and to develop a cheaper medium, the commonly used carbohydrate source, mannitol, was replaced with different types of starches and starchy materials as these are comparatively much cheaper than mannitol. Results indicated that, in stationary cultures, certain starches enhanced the yield greatly, while in shaker cultures starches could replace mannitol for equivalent yields.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 393-398 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To a Sepharose gel the pyridine nucleotide NAD(H) has been bound using dicyclohexyl carbodiimide. In order to improve the steric availability of the nucleotide for added soluble enzymes such as dehydrogenases, a spacer molecule, ε-amino caproic acid, was inserted between the carbohydrate matrix and the nucleotide. The obtained preparation contained 56 μmoles NAD+/g dry polymer. The obtained matrix-bound NAD(H) was accepted as coenzyme by added lactate dehydrogenase. These preparations were still active after storage for several weeks at 4° C and could be used repeatedly without loss of activity. This represents the first necessary step taken in the preparation of compact closed systems consisting of “enzyme-coenzyme-coenzyme-regenerating enzyme” bound to individual polymer beads; such systems eliminate the need for continuous coenzyme addition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 569-579 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model based on diffusion mechanisms accounts for oxygen transfer from flowing nutrient medium into a film of organisms in slime. Profiles of dissolved oxygen concentration are generated at distances downstream from the start of the slime. In these studies, the nutrient medium was assumed rich, thus the rate of oxygen transport limited microbial respiration. Parameter sensitivity tests were performed for flow rate, oxygen concentration in the medium, and mass transfer coefficients.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 589-589 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 419-429 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The oxygen transfer coefficient estimated by both sulfite and dynamic methods and some of the rheological properties of fermentation broths derived from the batch cultivation of a mutant of U. maydis in a sugar cane juice substrate, are used in a scaling-up procedure on the basis of the power consumption per volume unit concept. The fluid was of the Binham plastic type; the Np-NRE correlations showed that the modified Reynolds numbers of the flat-blade turbine impellers were low, near to or in the laminar region; the Na-Pg/P relations were established and then used in the calculation regardless of the geometrical dissimilarities of the vessels. A change of scale from 5 to 50 liters was calculated and operated keeping the power per volume value constant. Reproduction of lysine yields, 2.5-3.2 g/liter, was repeatedly reached in 8 successive runs.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 741-760 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Candida lipolytica (strain ATCC 8661) was grown on a simple defined medium with n-dodecane as sole carbon source under batch and continuous fermentation conditions. The composition of cellular material recovered from the fermentations, the oxygen demand of the cells, and the effect of operating conditions on cell growth were evaluated experimentally. These basic data are presented and discussed.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 815-824 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The response of continuous cultures of yeast was investigated following step disturbances in glucose feed rate and dilution rate.The responses of the culture to the stimuli were oscillatory. The oscillatory responses were explained in terms of cell synchrony which was induced by the step change. An understanding of continuous cultures to stimuli was made possible with an appreciation of the inherently oscillatory events occurring in the single cell cycle between one mitosis and the next. Step changes in glucose feed rate and dilution rate induced a partial synchrony, which enabled the inherently oscillatory behavior of the individual cells to be made observable in the culture as a whole.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 113 (1971), S. 553-557 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Albino rat ; Striatal neurons ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Dark cisternal fields ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei der elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchung des Striatums einer Ratte wurden im Perikaryon einiger Neurone eigentümliche parallele Anordnungen von membranbegrenzten Zisternen gefunden, welche durch eine auffallend dichte cytoplasmatische Matrix voneinander getrennt waren. Ein mit dieser Beobachtung völlig übereinstimmender Befund ist unlängst von anderer Seite an Nervenzellen des Nucleus entopeduncularis und der orbitofrontalen Großhirnrinde der Katze erhoben worden. Bei den „dunklen Zisternenfeldern“ dürfte es sich um Bereiche des endoplasmatischen Retikulums handeln, die sich in einem besonderen Funktionszustand befinden. Sie kommen wahrscheinlich schon normalerweise bei verschiedenen Tierarten in bestimmten Regionen des ZNS vor.
    Notes: Summary The electron microscopic study of a rat's striatum has revealed peculiar parallel arrays of membrane-bound cisternae with a strikingly dense intercisternal cytoplasmic matrix in the perikarya of a few neurons. The finding corresponds exactly to the unique lamellar configurations recently described in nerve cells of the entopeduncular nucleus and orbitofrontal cortex of the cat. These “dark cisternal fields” are regarded as distinct districts of the endoplasmic reticulum in a special functional state. They seem to occur normally in certain regions of the CNS in different animal species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 114 (1971), S. 271-280 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thymus ; Rat ; Involution ; Reticulum-Cells ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Entodermale Thymus-Retikulumzellen neugeborener Wistar-Ratten enthalten häufig helle Vesikel mit enger räumlicher Beziehung zum Golgi-Apparat. Bei 13 Monate alten Ratten fehlen diese Vesikel. 2. Die Tatsache, daß die Häufigkeit heller Vesikel mit fortschreitendem Lebensalter abnimmt, findet ihre Parallele in der von anderer Seite getroffenen Feststellung, daß die Bildung eines humoralen Faktors im Thymus im Laufe der Zeit eingeschränkt wird. 3. Diese Koinzidenz läßt an die Möglichkeit denken, die hellen Vesikel könnten ein morphologisches Äquivalent der Bildung eines Thymuswirkstoffes sein. 4. In entodermalen Thymus-Retikulumzellen 13 Monate alter Ratten finden sich große Vakuolen mit granulärem Inhalt. Ihre Bildung beginnt schon vor der Thymusinvolution. Sie entstehen wahrscheinlich durch Phagozytose oder Aufnahme zelleigenen Materials, das nicht weiter abbaufähig ist. 5. Da diese Einschlüsse mit fortgesetzem Alter an Zahl und Größe zunehmen, scheinen sie als Ausdruck einer Beeinträchtigung der Stoffwechselvorgänge im Zytoplasma ein erstes morphologisch faßbares Symptom der frühzeitigen physiologischen Involution des Thymus zu sein.
    Notes: Summary 1. Entodermal reticulum cells of new born Wistar rats frequently contain clear vesicles with close connection to the Golgifield. These vesicles do not occur in reticulum cells of 13 months old rats. 2. The frequency of these clear vesicles decreases with advancing age obviously in the same way as the production of a humoral thymic factor reported by several investigators. 3. This observation agrees with the hypothesis that the clear vesicles are the morphological equivalent of the production of a humoral thymus factor. 4. Entodermal reticulum cells of 13 months old Wistar rats contain large vacuoles filled with electron dense, granulated materials. The formation of these vacuoles starts already before the beginning of the thymus involution. Possibly they are produced by phagocytosis or necrobiosis and contain deposits of material that cannot undergo further degradation. 5. The increase of these vacuoles in number and size with advancing age may be considered as equivalent of the deterioration of metabolism responsible for early involution of the thymus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 114 (1971), S. 301-308 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Freeze Fracture ; Microvasculature (chick) ; Ground substance ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tissues of the young chick and chick embryo were prepared in a relatively unaltered condition by the freeze-fracture technique. The ultrastructure of the microvasculature and surrounding interstitial region is compared with that seen in conventional thin-sectioned material. In the undifferentiated vessels of the 3-day chick embryo, no distinct basement lamina can be distinguished in either type of preparation. In the 3-week chick, a continuous basement lamina is present beneath the endothelium only in chemically fixed and sectioned tissue; it cannot be distinguished from the remaining interstitial substance in freeze-fracture preparations. Blood-tissue exchange may depend on permeability characteristics of the entire interstitial region rather than on the basement lamina alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 115 (1971), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Iris ; Rabbit ; Pinocytosis ; Enzymes ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary On the basis of the occurrence, at the light microscopic level, of alkaline and acid phosphatases, the pigment epithelium covering the posterior surface of the iris in the albino rabbit can be divided into two zones not previously described, viz. a central zone close to the pupil, approximately corresponding to the area occupied by the iridic sphincter muscle, and a peripheral zone extending to the ciliary body. The central zone which is in intimate relation with the lens was found to have a high content of both phosphatases. At the fine structural level it exhibits a marked pinocytotic activity in the epithelium at the interdigitations between adjacent cells. Electron microscopy revealed that acid phosphatase is localized to the walls of the pinocytotic vesicles. Alkaline phosphatase is in evidence at the surface membrane folds and at microvillous processes between the epithelial cells and the adjoining muscle cells. Unlike the distribution of the acid phosphatase, that of the alkaline phosphatase does not differ fundamentally in the two zones at the fine structural level. In a series of dehydrogenases studied, staining with a view to succinic-, isocitric- and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases revealed an evenly distributed content of enzyme throughout the epithelium. As to the lactic- and β-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenases, contents seem to be lower in the pupillary than in the peripheral zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 116 (1971), S. 136-150 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adrenal cortex ; Rat ; Sex difference ; ACTH ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Nebennierenrinde von 178 Sprague-Dawley-Ratten wurde elektronenmikroskopisch von der 1.–12. Lebenswoche unter Normalbedingungen sowie nach s.c. Injektion von 3 IE ACTH/100 g Körpergewicht innerhalb von 2 min — 24 Std untersucht. Ab der 5. Lebenswoche unterscheiden sich die Nebennieren von Weibchen im Bereich der äußeren Zona fasciculata durch Kernvergrößerung, größere Mitochondrien und kleindisperse Liposomen von denen der Männchen. Zyklusbedingte Schwankungen in der Ultrastruktur der weiblichen Nebennierenrinde bestehen nicht. Nach ACTH-Applikation nähert sich das Nebennierenbild des Männchen innerhalb von 30 min dem des unbehandelten Weibchens. Außerdem kommt es bei beiden Geschlechtern durch ACTH zu einer Dispersion und Reduktion der Liposomen, Vergrößerung des Golgiapparates und der Zellkerne, Ausweitung des endoplasmatischen Retikulums und Vermehrung der Mikrovilli. Der Geschlechtsdimorphismus wird funktionell erklärt.
    Notes: Summary 178 Sprague-Dawley-rats were studied by electron microscopy from the 1st to the 12th week of life under normal conditions and after s. c. injection of 3 I. U. ACTH/100 gbodyweight from 2 min to 24 hours. Beginning with the 5th week of life females differ from males by small dispersed liposomes and enlarged nuclei and mitochondria in the outer z. fasciculata. There is no change in the ultrastructure of the female adrenal cortex depending on the sexual cycle. After application of ACTH the adrenal cortex of males assimilates to the untreated females within 30 min. After ACTH-application both sexes show dispersion and reduction of liposomes, dilation of endoplasmatic reticulum, increasement of microvilli and enlargement of the Golgi apparatus. The sex-dimorphism is interpreted by functional differences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 118 (1971), S. 97-112 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Stratum corneum ; Man ; Non-fixed ; Non-dehydrated ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This is an electron microscopic study of non-fixed and non-dehydrated normal human stratum corneum from the lumbar region. Non-stained sections have a low contrast. In sections examined 3 days after skin biopsy the cytoplasm of the cells shows a uniform contrast or exhibits dark and light areas. A single layer delimits the cytoplasm from the intercellular space. The latter is partly filled out with substance. In sections stained 2 to 4 days after skin biopsy the fibrils are distinct. On the basis of the variations in their opacity and ultrastructure three types of horny cells are clearly distinguishable. In cells of type 1 intensely stained keratohyalin and less opaque fibrillar substance occur. A distinct keratin pattern is not found. In cells of type 2 the fibrils show areas with distinct kerytohyalin and keratin pattern and transitional phases between these two stages of fibrillar differentiation. The keratin pattern representing the final stage of the fibrillar differentiation process is visualized through a successive “discoloration” of the filaments, whereas the interfilamentous substance retains the opacity of the keratohyalin. In cells of type 3 the entire fibrillar substance exhibits a keratin pattern. This consists of less opaque filaments with a diameter of 74 Å. The septa representing the interfilamentous substance are estimated as 30 Å at their thinnest points. These observations of the fibrils are completely comparable to the findings in fixed and dehydrated normal human stratum corneum. In sections stained particularly more than 18 days after skin biopsy the fibrils exhibit pronounced changes in their staining properties with concomitant decrease in distinctness or a complete extinction of the keratin pattern. The observations of the modified plasma membrane and the intercellular space in stained sections correspond to the findings in fixed and dehydrated normal human stratum corneum. The modified plasma membrane and the structures in the intercellular space appear with equal distinctness, whether the sections are stained 2 to 4, 6 to 12 or 14 to 21 days after skin biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 117 (1971), S. 576-596 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eye ; Frontal organs ; Crustacea ; Anostraca ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Mittelauge (MA) und das ventrale Frontalorgan (FO) von Artemia salina L. (erwachsene Tiere) wurden elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. 1. Das MA ist ein inverses Becherauge. Ein Pigmentbecher aus zwei Pigmentzellen umschließt drei Sehzellgruppen. Die Sehzellen bilden verzweigte Rhabdome vom geschlossenen Typ. Ihr Zytoplasma enthält zahlreiche Vesikel, tubuläre Mitochondrien, kleine Golgiapparate, Mikrotubuli, variable multivesicular und lamellated bodies und Lipideinschlüsse, die von endoplasmatischem Retikulum spiralig umgeben werden. 2. Die Pigmentzellen enthalten dicht gepackte Pigmentkörner, einen gelappten Kern, Mitochondrien vom Cristatyp, wenig endoplasmatisches Retikulum, Mikrotubuli, lamellated und vesicular bodies. Gegenüber den rhahdombildenden Anteilen der Sehzellen ist ihre Zelloberfläche glatt, im übrigen bilden sie lange fingerförmige Ausstülpungen. 3. Artemia salina besitzt zwei Arten von Frontalorganen. Die „dorsalen PO“ sind möglicherweise neurosekretorische X-Organe. Das ventrale FO wird als Sehorgan gedeutet. Es besteht aus zwei Gruppen von Sehzellen ventral vom MA, die eigene Nervenfortsätze zum Protocerebrum senden. Die optische Achse ist der des ventralen Augenbechers entgegengesetzt. Zwischen MA und FO verläuft ein Nerv, der wahrscheinlich dem MA angehört. 4. Übereinstimmungen der Feinstruktur von MA, FO und den Retinulazellen der Komplexaugen betreffen insbesondere die Binnenstruktur der Rhabdommikrovilli und Äquivalente unterschiedlicher Funktionszustände (Hell-Dunkel-Adaptation) hinsichtlich der Ausbildung von perirhabdomalen Vakuolen und des Ausmaßes von pinocytotischen Vorgängen an der Basis der Rhabdome.
    Notes: Summary The median eye (MA) and the ventral frontal organ (FO) of Artemia salina L. (adult specimens) have been investigated with the electron microscope. 1. The MA is an inverse cup-shaped eye. A pigment cup, consisting of two pigment cells, surrounds three groups of photosensory cells, which form ramified rhabdoms of the closed type. Their cytoplasm contains numerous vesicles, tubular mitochondria, small Golgi fields, microtubules, variable multivesicular and lamellated bodies and lipid inclusions, which are surrounded by spirals of endoplasmic reticulum. 2. The pigment cells contain densely packed pigment granules, an indented nucleus, crested mitochondria, small amounts of endoplasmic reticulum, microtubules, lamellated and vesicular bodies. Opposite the rhabdomeric surface of the visual cells their cellular surface is smooth, otherwise it bears long fingershaped projections. 3. Artemia salina possesses two types of frontal organs. The “dorsal FOs” are possibly neurosecretory X-organs. The ventral FO is interpreted to represent a photosensory organ. It consists of two groups of sensory cells located ventrally of the MA, which possess own nerve-processes leading to the Protocerebrum. Their optical axis is opposite the one of the ventral eye cup. Between MA and FO a nerve occurs, which presumably belongs to the MA. 4. Considerable finestructural similarities between MA, PO and the retinula cells of the compound eyes exist as far as the internal structure of the rhabdomeric microvilli and the equivalents of different functional stages (Light-Dark-Adaption) are concerned, namely perirhabdomeric vacuoles and the degree of pinocytotic processes at the base of the rhabdoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 118 (1971), S. 467-481 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neutrophilic promyelocyte ; Human bone marrow ; Primary granulogenesis ; Phase contrast microscopy ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The developmental changes in the neutrophilic promyelocytes from normal human bone marrow have been analyzed by means of phase contrast and electron microscopy. This developmental phase is characterized by the elaboration of primary (azurophillysosomal) granules and the entire intracellular machinery is directed principally toward this goal. The promyelocyte stage has been subdivided into three arbitrary stages based upon morphological, histochemical and functional characteristics which relate to the onset, active production and cessation of primary granulogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 119 (1971), S. 1-20 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Human testis ; Gonocyte ; Spermatogonium ; Germ cell degeneration ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron-microscopic examination of the human fetal testis between 10 and 20 weeks gestation reveals the presence of two distinct cell types within the tubules: Sertoli cells and germ cells. The latter are distinguished by their spherical shape, smooth nuclear membranes, globular mitochondria and paucity of cytoplasmic organelles. The gonocytes, or primitive germ cells, occur as single cells in the central portions of the tubules. Their chromatin is finely granular and evenly dispersed. Nucleoli are centrally placed and of uniform electron density. Various stages in the migration of gonocytes to the tubular periphery are indicated by the extension of cytoplasmic processes toward the basal lamina. Bands of microtubules are present within the processes. Spermatogonia are arranged in pairs and groups at the tubular periphery. They lack the nucleolar and mitochondrial characteristics of adult spermatogonia. Except for slight changes in chromatin density and nucleolar structure, the fetal spermatogonia retain the ultrastructural characteristics of gonocytes. Intercellular bridges connect adjacent spermatogonia. Degeneration affecting large numbers of germ cells, but primarily gonocytes, begins with nuclear infolding and chromatin condensation and eventually involves both nuclear and cytoplasmic structures. The degenerated cells are removed by phagocytosis by adjacent Sertoli cells. Large phagosomes are present in the cytoplasm of many of the Sertoli cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 119 (1971), S. 483-514 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hermaphroditic Gonad ; Gastropoda ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In den Spitzenbereichen der Zwittergonadenacini fertiler Tiere der Pulmonatenspezies Planorbarius corneus sind drei Zelltypen stets gleichzeitig anzutreffen: Oocyten, Spermatiden und Begleitzellen. Die Abgrenzung der Acinusspitze gegen das interacinäre Gewebe hin bildet die Basalmembran des wandständigen Begleitzellepithels. Die Oocyten werden follikelartig von den ineinander verzahnten und durch Desmosomen verknüpften Begleitzellen umgeben. Nur in der Acinuskuppe liegen sie der hier stark verdickten Basalmembran unmittelbar auf. Die Spermatiden sitzen nur mit ihrem anterioren Zellpol den Begleitzellen apikal auf und sind durch Desmosomen mit ihnen verknüpft. Veränderungen der Ultrastruktur der Spermatiden während der Spermiohistogenese werden an drei gegeneinander abgrenzbaren Spermiohistogenesestadien aufgezeigt. Dabei finden die Kernstruktur, das Auftreten von Tubulikörpern und das Abstreifen des Restplasmas vom Mittelstück besondere Beachtung. Den recht uneinheitlich strukturierten Begleitzellen kommen für Oocyten und Spermatiden Ernährungs- und Transportfunktionen zu. Sie phagocytieren überfällige Geschlechtszellen. Es können jedoch trotz ihrer heteromorphen Struktur keine prinzipiell verschiedenen Begleitzelltypen mit jeweils nur einer spezifischen Funktion unterschieden werden. Das in früheren lichtmikroskopischen Arbeiten als Begleitzellprodukt beschriebene „Kinoplasma“ erweist sich als kernwärts wanderndes Restplasma der Spermatiden.
    Notes: Summary Three species of cells always coexist in the tips of hermaphroditic gonad-acini of fertile Planorbarius corneus: oocytes, spermatids and auxiliary cells. The basement membrane of the auxiliary cell epithelium separates the acinus tips from the interacinary tissue. Like follicles the oocytes are enclosed by interlocked and desmosomically attached auxiliary cells. Only in the utmost tips of the acinus the oocytes are in direct contact with the here dilated basement membrane. The spermatids are attached to the auxiliary cells only with their anterior cell-pole and connected with these by desmosomes. Alterations of the spermatid-ultrastructure during the spermiohistogenesis can be studied in three separate stages of the spermiohistogenesis. Particular attention is given to the nuclear structure, the tubular bodies and the shedding of residual plasma from the middle-piece. The rather irregularly structured cells serve oocytes and spermatids as mediators for nutrition and transport. Occasionally occurs phagocytosis of germ-cells. Basically, even though their structures vary, auxiliary cells are not restricted to one specific function. The “Kinoplasma”-described in previous light microscopic studies as a product of the auxiliary cells, proves to be spermatidic residual plasma moving towards the nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...