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  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979
  • 1970-1974  (2,447)
  • 1972  (2,447)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2,332)
  • Ultrastructure  (115)
Material
Years
  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979
  • 1970-1974  (2,447)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 9 (1972), S. 655-687 
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Chinese hamster ; Diabetes ; Glycogen infiltration ; Kidney ; Nuclear glycogenosis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cette enquête sur l'ultra-structure du rein de hamsters chinois atteints de diabète a permis de relever des lésions glomérulaires légères, consistant en un épaississement non-homogène des membranes basales des vaisseux capillaires, des altérations de cellules de la mésange, une dilatation irrégulière des anses vasculaires. Sur la partie tubulaire, une accumulation de glycogène dans le cytoplasme des cellules de la partie distale et du tube collecteur ainsi que la présence de glycogène dans le noyau des animaux atteints d'un grave diabète et de kétose.
    Abstract: Resumen La presente investigación sobre la ultraestructura del riñón del hamster chino diabético, ha dado la posibilidad de poner en evidencia sutiles lesiones glomerulares, consistentes en el engrosamiento no homogéneo de las membranas basales de los vasos capilares, en alteraciones de las células del mesangio, en la dilatación irregular de las ansas; y, a cargo de la parte tubular, en una acumulación de glicógeno en el citoplasma de las células del tramo distal y del túbulo colector y en la presencia de glicógeno en el núcleo de los animales con diabetes grave y quetosis.
    Notes: Riassunto La presente indagine sulla ultrastruttura del rene di hamsters cinesi diabetici ha fatto rilevare fini lesioni glomerulari, consistenti in ispessimento non omogeneo delle membrane basali dei vasi capillari, alterazioni delle cellule del mesangio, dilatazione irregolare delle anse vascolari. A carico della parte tubulare, accumulo di glicogeno nel citoplasma delle cellule del tratto distale e del tubulo collettore; presenza di glicogeno nel nucleo negli animali con diabete grave e chetosi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Cyclophosphamide treatment ; Guinea pig ; Experimental diabetes ; Immunodiabetes ; Immunosuppression ; Insulin resistance ; Islets of Langerhans ; Precipitating insulin antibodies ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Hyperglycémie, amélioration de la tolérance à l'insuline et modifications considérables à niveau des cellules B et A des ilots de Langerhans ont fait l'objet d'une observation, après immunisation par insuline et adjuvant, en cobayes produisant des anticorps anti-insuline précipitants. Le traitement par le cyclophosphamide inhibait la production d'anticorps anti-insuline, alors que la glycémie et la tolérance à l'insuline restaient aux mêmes niveaux qu'on pouvait vérifier chez les animaux de contrôle non immunisés. Même les îlots de Langerhans semblaient avoir subi des dommages moins importants par rapport à ceux des animaux qui n'avaient pas été traités par le cyclophosphamide.
    Abstract: Resumen En covayos productores de anticuerpos antinsulina precipitantes, tras inmunización con insulina y adyuvante, se ha podido observar: hiperglicemia, aumento de la tolerancia a la insulina y conspícuas modificaciones a cargo de las células A y B de las islas de Langerhans. El tratamiento con ciclofosfamida inhibía la producción de anticuerpos antinsulina, mientras la glucemia y la tolerancia insulínica permanecían en los mismos niveles que podían observarse en los animales de control no inmunizados. Las islas de Langerhans aparecían menos dañadas respecto a las de los animales no tratados con ciclofosfamida.
    Notes: Riassunto Iperglicemia, aumento della tolleranza all'insulina e cospicue modificazioni a carico delle cellule B ed A delle isole di Langerhans sono stati osservati, dopo immunizzazione con insulina in adiuvante, in cavie produttrici di anticorpi anti-insulina precipitanti. Il trattamento con ciclofosfamide inibiva la produzione di anticorpi anti-insulina, mentre la glicemia e la tolleranza insulinica rimanevano agli stessi livelli riscontrabili negli animali di controllo non immunizzati. Anche le isole di Langerhans apparivano meno danneggiate rispetto a quelle degli animali non trattati con ciclofosfamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 77 (1972), S. 279-291 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Lung mouse tumors ; Chemical carcinogen ; Ultrastructure ; Pneumocyte II ; Crystalline inclusions ; Interstitial fibrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The pulmonary tumours induced in Swiss mice by NMUR seem to be constituted for the most part by cells closely related to the granular pneumocytes (pneumocytes II ou B). Other rarer cells, of epithelial bronchiolar aspect, may take part in the proliferation. The ultrastructural study of tumoral cells suggest that their secretory functions are disturbed. The origin of the crystalline intratumoral structures is discussed, as well as their possible relationship with the production of surfactant. The peritumoral areas are characterized by a dense interstitial flbrosis in which the collagen fibers are associated with an elastoid substance.
    Notes: Resumé Les tumeurs pulmonaires induites chez la souris swiss par le NMUR apparaissent essentiellement constituées de cellules apparentées aux pneumocytes granuleux (pneumocytes II ou B). D'autres cellules plus rares, de morphologie épithéliale bronchiolaire peuvent participer á la prolifération. L'étude ultrastructurale des cellules tumorales suggère que leurs fonctions secrétoires sont perturbées. Le mode de formation des structures cristallins intratumorales est discuté, ainsi que leur rapport éventuel avec la production du surfactant. Les territoires péri-tumoraux sont caractérisés par une fibrose interstitielle dense où les fibres de collagène sont associées à uns substance élastoïde.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 9 (1972), S. 238-242 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Dentine ; Ultrastructure ; Tubule ; Tooth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude ultrastructurale de la dentine humaine périphérique, de couronnes dentaires de sujets âgés de 11 à 75 ans, a montré trois aspects principaux du contenu des canalicules en coupe transversale. Il s'agit de canalicules apparemment vides, de canalicules contenant un matériel organique annulaire et, enfin, de canalicules totalement remplis d'un matériel organique d'aspect granulaire ou hyalin. Aucune terminaison nerveuse n'est visible à ce niveau.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die ultrastrukturelle Untersuchung von peripherem menschlichem Zahnkronendentin bei Patienten im Alter von 11–75 Jahren hat drei Hauptaspekte des Inhaltes der Dentintubuli gezeigt. Sie bestehen bei transversalen Schnitten aus toten Gängen sowie beim Lumen der Tubuli entweder aus ringförmigen oder ganzausfüllenden Ablagerungen. Im äußeren Dentin wurden keine Nervenendigungen beobachtet.
    Notes: Abstract An ultrastructural study of peripheral human coronal dentin in patients aged 11 to 75 years, has shown main aspects of the dentinal tubular content. In transverse sections, they consist of dead tracts and annular or solid content to the tubular lumen. No nerve endings were observed in the outer dentin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 9 (1972), S. 296-309 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoclasts ; Enzyme ; Parathyroid ; Microdissection ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une nouvelle méthode d'isolement d'ostéoclastes est mise au point pour des analyses biochimiques et de microscopie électronique. Pour isoler les cellules par microdissection, des empreintes d'os métaphysaire sont utilisées. Cette méthode, supérieure aux coupes d'os, permet une meilleure préservation cytologique et enzymatique et permet d'obtenir des cellules totales plus faciles à manipuler, avec des résultats plus reproductibles. Par analyse planimètrique de cellules isolées, colorées histochimiquement, il apparait que les ostéoclastes constituent plus de 90% de la masse de l'échantillon. Les concentrations de la phosphatase acide et de certaines enzymes, liées au nucléotide pyridinique, entrant dans le métabolisme de l'acide citrique, sont déterminées dans des échantillons d'ostéoclastes, pesant de 0,2 à 2,0 μg, isolés à partir de rats normaux et parathyroidectomisés. L'activité en aconitase, mesurée en direction de la transformation de citrate en isocitrate, est de 0,5–0,8 M/Kd/H, la plus faible des activités étudiées. Les activités en GDH et NADP-ICDH sont 5 à 10 fois supérieures que celle de l'aconitase, mais seulement un dixième à un tiers de celle de la phosphatase acide, de la déshydrogénase lactique ou malique.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine neue Technik beschrieben, welche die Isolierung von Osteoklasten für biochemische und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen ermöglicht. Als Ausgangsmaterial zur Zellisolierung wurden Abstriche von Metaphysenknochen benützt. Die Verwendung von Abstrichen bietet gegenüber Knochenschnitten wichtige Vorteile, wie z.B. eine bessere Erhaltung der cytologischen und enzymatischen Eigenschaften sowie die Gewinnung von unverletzten Zellen, welche leichter verarbeitet werden können und besser reproduzierbare Daten ergeben. Durch planimetrische Analyse der histochemisch gefärbten Ausstriche von isolierten Zellen konnte nachgewiesen werden, daß die Osteoklasten über 90% des gesamten Probenmaterials ausmachen. Die Mengen verschiedener Enzyme, welche an Pyridinnukleotid gebunden und am Citronensäuremetabolismus beteiligt sind, sowie der sauren Phosphatase wurden in Osteoklastenproben bestimmt, welche ein Gewicht von 0,2–2,0 μg hatten und aus Knochen von normalen und mit Parathyroidextrakten behandelten Ratten isoliert worden waren. Die Aktivität der Aconitase, welche in der Richtung von Citrat zu Isocitrat gemessen wurde, war mit 0,5–0,8 M/Kd/H die niedrigste aller untersuchten Aktivitäten. Die Aktivitäten der GDH und der NADP-ICDH waren 5–10mal höher als jene der Aconitase, entsprachen jedoch nur einem Zehntel bis einem Drittel derjenigen der sauren Phosphatase, der Laktat- oder der Malatdehydrogenase.
    Notes: Abstract A new method is described by which osteoclasts can be isolated for biochemical and electron microscopic analyses. As a source of cells for isolation by microdissection, imprints of metaphyseal bone were used. The use of imprints provides important advantages over bone sections, including a higher degree of cytologic and enzymatic preservation, and the delivery of whole cells which are more readily manipulated and which yield data that are more readily reproduced. By planimetric analysis of the histochemically-stained isolated cell samples, it was shown that osteoclasts represent over 90% of the sample mass. The levels of several of the pyridine nucleotide-linked enzymes involved in citric acid metabolism, as well as acid phosphatase, were determined in osteoclast samples weighing 0.2 to 2.0 μg isolated from normal and parathyroid-treated rats. Aconitase activity measured in the direction of citrate to isocitrate was 0.5–0.8 M/Kd/H, the lowest of the activities studied. The activities of GDH and NADP-ICDH were 5 to 10 times higher than that of aconitase but only a tenth to a third that of acid phosphatase, lactic or malic dehydrogenase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 137 (1972), S. 106-113 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary ; Mouse ; Tissue culture ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Suitability of an ordinary incubation system for the culture of anterior pituitary tissues of mice was examined by electron microscopy. It was found that this system has many advantages over Trowell's standard technique for tissue culture and is particularly suitable for the short-term culture. In this system the pituitary tissue cultures were maintained well for at least two days in a chemically defined tissue culture medium (TC 199) without any additives. Addition of 20% calf serum to the medium extended the period to up to five days. Any attempts to prolong it further, however, failed because of a massive necrosis and a great loss of the histological integrity. In the cultured tissues there an enhancement of the LTH cells and a suppression of the other granulated types of cells were observed. The follicular cells were found to hypertrophy and to actively participate in phagocytosis of cell debris.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; Granular pneumocytes ; Granular inclusions ; Lamellar inclusions ; Ultrastructure ; Lung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les inclusions lamellaires caractéristiques des cellules granuleuses de l'épithélium pulmonaire apparaissent chez le Poulet à 16 jours d'incubation. Elles dérivent d'inclusions granulaires que l'on peut déceler dans l'épithélium dès l'apparition de l'ébauche pulmonaire, à 21/2 jours d'incubation. Nous avons étudié l'évolution de ces deux types d'inclusions lorsque les ébauches pulmonaires sont transplantées sur des hôtes d'âge différent. Lorsque une ébauche pulmonaire jeune (21/2 à 3 jours) est greffée sur un hôte plus âgé (6 jours), l'évolution des inclusions granulaires est fortement stimulée et peut conduire à l'apparition d'organites présentant plusieurs des caractères des inclusions lamellaires. Lorsqu'au contraire, une ébauche pulmonaire est transplantée sur un hôte plus jeune (3 jours), deux cas peuvent se présenter: Ou bien l'épithélium ne contient pas encore d'inclusions lamellaires au moment de la transplantation (ébauche de 14 jours par exemple): le moment d'apparition de celles-ci est alors considérablement retardé et leur différenciation ne devient massive que lorsque les inclusions lamellaires apparaissent dans le poumon de l'hôte; Ou bien les inclusions lamellaires sont déjà différenciées (poumon de 18 jours par exemple): dans ce cas, leur différenciation se poursuit pendant toute la durée de la greffe. Lorsqu'une ébauche pulmonaire est transplantée sur un hôte plus âgé ou plus jeune, l'évolution ultrastructurale de l'épithelium est donc modifiée. Selon les cas, elle est stimulée ou, au contraire, freinée. Des facteurs présents dans le milieu intérieur de l'hôte influencent la différenciation des greffons. Ils pourraient également intervenir dans de développement normal des poumons.
    Notes: Summary The lamellar inclusions of the granular pneumocytes first appear in chick pulmonary epithelium at 16 days of incubation. They are derived from granular inclusions which can already be seen in the epithelium at the time when lung buds become distinct (at 21/2 days incubation). We have studied the fate of these two types of organelles after transplantation of embryonic lungs to hosts of a different age. When a young lung bud (21/2 to 3 days) is grafted into an older host (6 days), the development of the granular inclusions is strongly stimulated, and can lead to the appearance of organelles which exhibit several features characteristic of lamellar inclusions. When an embryonic lung is transplanted to a younger host, two situations can occur: Either the epithelium does not yet contain any lamellar inclusions at the time of transplantation (eg lung at 14 days); these appear after a considerable delay, and differentiate in large quantities only at the time of appearance of the inclusions in the host lungs. Or the lamellar inclusions are already differenciated (eg lung at 18 days), in which case, their differentiation continues in the host. Therefore, when a lung bud is transplanted into either a younger or older host, the ultrastructural development is modified. It is either stimulated or inhibited. Some factors, present in the host internal milieu, influence the differentiation of the grafts. These factors could also play a role in the normal development of the lungs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 137 (1972), S. 153-169 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Embryology ; Epithelial autophagia ; Histocytochemistry ; Human palate ; Macrophages ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An ultrastructural and a histochemical study of the disintegration of the human fetal palatinal junctional epithelium was carried out. Special attention was focused both on the epithelium proper as well as on participation of the surrounding mesenchyma. Epithelial autophagia was noticed in the form of inclusion bodies with cellular remnants as well as general cellular disintegration. The disintegration was correlated to the cellular activity of acid phosphatase and AS-esterase. The differences between human and non-human material were recorded and discussed. In the surrounding mesenchyma, histiocytes (macrophages) were noticed participating in the epithelial disintegration, while ordinary mesenchymal cells seemed without importance. The study of activity of alkaline phosphatase reveals that the rapidly growing ossification center of the vomer was touching the superior aspect of the epithelial junctional seams, where the epithelial disintegration starts. Based upon the findings the following sequential steps of disintegration were discussed: 1) pressure from the outside (the vomer anlage), 2) epithelial autophagia and 3) heterophagia of epithelial remnants (invading histiocytes). The ultrastructure and histochemistry of the so-called epithelial pearls were described. The intercellular substance of the palatinal processes was found to consist of hyaluronic acid and of chondroitin-4- and/or-6-sulfate. The mutual ratio of the glycosaminoglucuronoglycans was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 21 (1972), S. 109-116 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Infantile Neuro-Axonal Dystrophy ; Motor End Plates ; Nerve ; Spheroïds ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The authors report the ultrastructure of neuromuscular biopsies in three cases of infantile neuro-axonal dystrophy. The presence of spheroïds in peripheral and intramuscular nerves, but also in the motor end plates allows the diagnostic of this disease, without doing cerebral biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 21 (1972), S. 68-75 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Myelinated Nerve ; Venom ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of right sciatic nerves of Swiss white mice was studied after being exposed to a venom solution ofAgkistrodon contortrix laticinctus (broad-banded copperhead) and to 0.9% NaCl solutions for periods of 1, 2 or 3 h. There was some “Wallerian-like” degeneration in all groups of nerves in the experiment. Additional neuropathological changes were noted in the nerves exposed to venom solutions. The connective tissue was affected most severely, while the basal lamina was unaffected. Schwann cells were vacuolated, and in the most extreme case, a type of myelin splitting occurred which was considered as a “demyelinative” effect. The results were compared to those of Martin and Rosenberg (1968) [15] on studies of the giant squid axon. References to additional fine structural studies of various other neuropathies were given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 21 (1972), S. 239-252 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Myotendon ; Zebra-Bodies (ladder-like structure) ; Rods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the adult and foetal human myotendon is described. At the myotendon the muscle fibre is surrounded by plasma and basement membranes which are never penetrated by the adjacent collagen fibrils of the tendon. Increased thickness and electron density of the plasma membrane and the myofilaments which merge with it occur at the myotendon and this electron dense zone corresponds to the terminal Z-line of the final sarcomere of the myofibril. In the adult the muscle fibre near the myotendon may contain nemaline rods and zebra-bodies. The tendon in the foetus shows much more activity of the fibroblasts than in the normal adult. The collagen fibrils of the early foetus are thinner in diameter than at later stages of development. The union of the tendon with cartilage is illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 21 (1972), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Haemangiopericytoma, Cerebral-Secondary ; Histology ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A secondary haemangiopericytoma of the cerebral hemisphere in a woman of 23 is described. It is formed of cells arranged in masses around proliferating blood capillaries, and also in rosette patterns. The tumour cells are separated from the capillary endothelial cells by thick collars of basement membrane in abnormal amounts. The histology of the primary tumour of the sacrum, and of the secondary tumours in the lungs and nervous system, are similar. A metastatic haemangiopericytoma of the central nervous system appears not to have been previously reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 10 (1972), S. 38-48 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bivalve ; Molluse ; Shell ; Carbonates ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La technique du bombardement à l'aide d'ion d'argon est utilisée pour réduire l'épaisseur de la coquille de carbonate de calcium des bivalvesMytilus etMercenaria pour examen au microscope électronique par transmission et en diffraction électronique; une comparaison est réalisée à l'aide de répliques simples, servant de témoins. Les résultats obtenus confirment les études antérieures de répliques et de microscopie par balayage. De plus, une structure “aérée” est mise en évidence dans la coquille des aragonites, et surtout dans le nacre deMytilus. Cette structure est interprêtée comme un artefact induit par la chaleur, formé par l'inclusion d'eau et de matériel organique, interprétation qui concorde avec les études chimiques et de microscopie électronique.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Beschießung mit Argonionen wurde angewendet, um die Dicke von Calciumcarbonat-Schalen der zweischaligen MuschelnMytilus undMercenaria zu reduzieren. Diese Technik erlaubte die Ausführung von Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie und Elektronendiffraktion, wobei gleiche Proben nach einer bereits bestehenden Methode vorbereitet und als Kontrollen herangezogen wurden. Es wurden zusätzliche Resultate zu den Muschelstruktur-studien erhalten, welche früher publizierte Arbeiten unterstützen, die mit der Abklatschmethode und der Raster-Elektronenmikroskopie ausgeführt worden waren. Zusätzlich wurde eine „schaumartige” Struktur der Muschelaragoniten, besonders im Perlmutter vonMytilus, beobachtet. Da es sich um ein durch Hitze verursachtes Artefakt handelt, wird diese Struktur als Einschlüsse von Wasser und organischem Material interpretiert, was den Befunden von verschiedenen veröffentlichten chemischen und elektronenmikroskopischen Arbeiten entspricht.
    Notes: Abstract Use is made of the argon ion-bombardment technique to reduce the thickness of calcium carbonate shells of the bivalvesMytilus andMercenaria for transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction, with comparison of single-stage replicas of similar specimens serving as controls. As an additional approach to shell structure studies, it gives results which support earlier published work with both replicas and scanning microscopy. In addition, a “frothy” structure is detected in the shell aragonites, especially inMytilus nacre. As a heat-induced artifact, it is interpreted as representing trapped water and organic material inclusions, an interpretation consistent with several published chemical and electron microscope studies.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 10 (1972), S. 216-222 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Callus ; Osteoclast ; Endocytosis ; Lysosomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La bordure en brosse des ostéoclastes de cals de fractures de rats présente des plissements complexes de la membrane cytoplasmique formant des canaux étroits. L'absorption d'un produit exogène opaque aux électrons (des macromolécules de dioxyde de thorium) s'effectue par l'intermédiaire de ces canaux, par un «courant» membranaire. Les contenus des canaux sont transférés à des lysosomes («granules spécifiques»), situés sous la bordure en brosse. Dans des «régions de transition», adjacentes à cette dernière, l'absorption de dioxyde de thorium se fait par «vésiculation membranaire» (endocytose classique).
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der gekrauste Rand der Osteoklasten im Frakturcallus von Ratten besteht aus komplexen Einstülpungen der Plasmamembran, die enge Kanälchen bildet. Die Absorption einer exogenen, elektronisch dichten Verbindung, Thoriumdioxyd, erfolgt durch diese Kanäle, offenbar durch einen „Membranfluß”. Der Inhalt der Kanäle wird zu den Lysosomen („spezifische Granula”) geführt, welche unter dem gekrausten Rand liegen. In „Übergangsgebieten”, welche sich neben dem gekrausten Rand befinden, scheint die Aufnahme der Thoriumdioxydpartikel durch „Bläschenbildung in der Membran” (konventionelle Endocytose) stattzufinden.
    Notes: Abstract The ruffled border of osteoclasts in the fracture callus of rat consists of complex infoldings of the plasma membrane forming narrow channels. Absorption of an exogenous, electron-dense compound, thorium dioxide, has been shown to take place via these channels, apparently through “membrane flow”. The contents of the channels are transferred to lysosomes (“specific granules”) located subjacent to the ruffled border. In “transitional regions” adjacent to the ruffled border, uptake of thorium dioxide particles appeared to occur through “membrane vesiculation” (conventional endocytosis).
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 159 (1972), S. 87-98 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Small lymphocytes ; Throracic duct lymph ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die charakteristische Feinstruktur der durch Drainage des Ductus thoracicus des Menschen gewonnenen Lymphocyten wurde beschrieben, ihre Größe und Kern-Plasma-Relation durch planimetrische Verfahren ermittelt. Zwei morphologisch unterschiedliche Formen kleiner Lymphocyten konnten beschrieben werden: Zellen, die durch einen chromatinarmen Kern und relativ lockeres Cytoplasma gekennzeichnet sind, das zahlreiche Zellorganellen (Golgifeld, Centriolen, Mitochondrien und freie diffus verteilte Ribosomen) einschließt, sowie Zellen mit chromatinreichen Kern und dichtem Cytoplasma mit auffallend wenig Mitochondrien, jedoch relativ zahlreichen freien Ribosomen. Eine mögliche funktionelle Bedeutung dieser beiden morphologisch unterschiedlichen kleinen Lymphocyten wird diskutiert. Danach werden die Zellen der ersten Gruppe als differenzierte Zellformen, die der zweiten jedoch als immunologisch aktivere kleine Lymphocyten angesehen.
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of small lymphocytes of human thoracic duct lymph is described and planimetric studies of their size and nucleus-cytoplasm relationship are made. Two morphologically different small lymphocytes could be recognized; cells with a nucleus with little chromatin and a relatively light cytoplasm inclosing many organelles (Golgifield, Centriol, Mitochondria, Monoribosomes), cells with compact chromatin and dense cytoplasm including only a few mitochondria but many monoribosomes. The possible function of these morphological different small lymphocytes was discussed. The first group is a well differentiated cellform, the second one may contain more immonulogical active small lymphocytes.
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  • 16
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 203-204 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 243-250 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Nonmetallic high-temperature materials. Some special ceramics are considered as materials for applications above 1100°C. They exhibit good heat strength, excellent corrosion resistance and with some limitations sufficient thermal shock and impact resistance. Compared to metals, this interesting type of materials require more development.
    Notes: Einige Sonderkeramiken kommen als Werkstoffe für Temperaturbeanspruchungen oberhalb von 1100°C in Betracht. Sie verfügen über ausreichende Warmfestigkeiten und gute Korrosionseigenschaften und mit einigen Einschränkungen auch über einen brauchbaren Thermoschock- und Schlagwiderstand. Im Vergleich zu den Metallen ist diese interessante Materialklasse noch sehr entwicklungsfähig.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 19
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 250-258 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Diffusion Bonding of Titanium Alloys. Diffusion bonding is a 4 stage process involving surface deformation atomic bonding interface diffusion and grain growth. These processes can proceed in the above order or more or less simultaneously. The effect of production parameters and material properties on the basic mechanisms is investigated. Several diffusion bonding techniques for industrial applications have been developed and are discussed in detail. Experience with the diffusion bonding of titanium alloys has shown that base material properties may be obtained in the weld zone. Actual parts fabricated by diffusion bonding sometimes show higher strength than made without welding. Some of the difficulties associated with diffusion bonding are presented. The economical and technical advantages of the diffusion bonding process are shown by reference to typical applications where this technique can be successfully applied.
    Notes: Beim Diffusionsschweißen laufen teils nacheinander, teils gleich-zeitig vier Prozesse ab: Oberflächenverformung, atomare Bindung, Grenzflächendiffusion und Kornwachstum.- Es wird untersucht, wie diese einzelnen Vorgänge jeweils von den technologischen Verfahrens-und Materialparametern abhängen, wobei teilweise eine mathematische Erfassung möglich ist. Für die technische Durchführung der Diffusionsschweißung stehen mehrere Verfahren zur Verfügung, deren Vorteile und Nachteile diskutiert werden. - Die bisherigen Erfahrungen mit dem Diffusions-schweißen von Titanlegierungen haben gezeigt, daß in der Schweißnaht Grundmaterialfestigkeit erreicht werden kann, bei manchen Bauteilen ergeben sich sogar Festigkeitsgewinne. Typische Fehlerquellen beim Diffusionsschweißen von Titan werden aufgezeigt. Abschließend wird anhand von Beispielen auf die Einsatzgebiete eingegangen, wo das Diffusionsschweißen wirtschaftliche und konstruktive Vorteile erbringen kann.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 21
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 22
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 394-414 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: New Developments in Powder Metallurgy. The new development in powder metallurgy is discussed with special emphasis of technological aspects. The most important meetings held during the last years as well as some other literature have been considered. After introductory paragraphes the basic technologies and then the materials itselves are discussed. The limits to the field of ceramics are fixed by involving metallic hard compounds (carbides), but leaving out nonmetallic materials. Also compound materials with metallic components are considered. In the following paragraph on basic investigations some approaches with importance for further technological development are focussed. The competition with other technological processes, opening of new groups of materials for powder metallurgy, new technological processes, new fields of application, successes and sometimes failures make considerable dynamics in this field.
    Notes: Es wird die neuere Entwicklung der Pulvermetallurgie unter vorwiegend technologischen Gesichtspunkten dargestellt. Hierzu wurden besonders die wichtigen Tagungen der letzten Jahre und eine Auswahl der Zeitschriftenliteratur berücksichtigt. Nach einem einführenden Abschnitt werden zunächst die wichtigsten technologischen Grundlagen (Ausgangsstoffe, Formgebung, Sintern, Drucksintern u. a.) und anschließend die Werkstoffgruppen besprochen. Die Abgrenzung zur Keramik erfolgt durch Einbeziehung der metallischen (Karbide), aber Nichtberücksichtigung der nichtmetallischen Hartstoffe. Auch Verbundwerkstoffe mit metallischen Komponenten finden Erwähnung. Im folgenden Abschnitt über grundsätzliche Untersuchungen wird auf Teilgebiete hingewiesen, deren Bearbeitung auch für die technologische Weiterentwicklung nützlich sein dürften. Durch die Wettbewerbssituation mit anderen Fertigungstechniken, die Erschließung neuer Werkstoffgruppen, Technologien und Anwendungsgebiete, durch Erfolge und gelegentliche Rückschläge, ist dieses Gebiet von besonderer Dynamik.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 23
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 425-432 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Stand der topologischen Betrachtungsweise von Sintervorgängen. Die topologischen Verfahren, die zur Beschreibung der Geometrie von gesinterten Gefügen herangezogen werden können, und die topologischen Ergebnisse, die bisher gewonnen wurden, werden kurz beschrieben. Obwohl die Ergebnisse noch ziemlich begrenzt sind, so liefert ihre Kombination mit metrischen Meßdaten doch die Grundlage für eine quantitative Beschreibung der Entwicklung der Gefügegeometrie während des Sinterns. Zwei einander widersprechende Gesichtspunkte für diese geometrische Entwicklung werden diskutiert.
    Notes: The topological concepts which have been applied to describe the geometry of sinter structures and the topological data which has been obtained to date are briefly presented. This data, although limited in extent, when combined with the metric data provides the basis for a quantitative description of the geometric evolution accompanying the sintering process. Two contrasting viewpoints of this geometric evolution are briefly presented.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 24
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 439-441 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 25
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 441-447 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 26
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 18-21 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Contribution to Studies of fracture in thin bituminous films. A recently published theory of crack propagation in viscoelastic materials is briefly reviewed. This theory serves as a basis for a newly developed hypothesis describing the fracture process in thin bituminous films. Observation of fracture surfaces with the help of a scanning electron microscope showed that microcracks start from the weakest points (inhomogeneities) in the matrix. By increasing the external load disk-shaped cracks increase as a function of the applied load. Only when the critical mean crack diameter is reached macroscopie failure occurs. Fractographic methods proved to give detailed information about fracture process in thin bituminous films.
    Notes: Eine an anderer Stelle ausführlich beschriebene Theorie der Rißausbreitung in viskoelastischen Stoffen wird kurz dargestellt. Daraus läßt sich eine Hypothese zum Bruchvorgang in dünnen Bitumenfilmen ableiten. Mit Hilfe von Raster-Elektronenmikroskop-Aufnahmen an Bruchflächen von Bitumenfilmen konnte die Vorstellung, daß bei einer Belastung zunächst in Inhomogenitäten des Materials Mikrorisse entstehen, bestätigt werden. Von diesen „Griffith-Rissen“ breiten sich bei Laststeigerung scheibenförmige Risse in einer Ebene senkrecht zur aufgebrachten Spannung aus. Sobald ein mittlerer kritischer Radius dieser sekundären Risse erreicht wird, tritt der makroskopische Bruch ein. Es hat sich gezeigt; daß fraktographische Methoden in der Lage sind, wertvolle Beiträge zum Studium des Bruchvorganges dünner Bitumenfilme zu liefern.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 27
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 28
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 55-55 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 29
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 110-111 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 30
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 31
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 111-111 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 32
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 111-111 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 33
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 112-112 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 34
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 35
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 36
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 37
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 130-133 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Crack Arrest Behaviour of Structural Steels. Medium scale tests are described by which it is possible to estimate the crack arrest behaviour, usually characterized by the Robertson-Test or Double Tension Test. Tests on 16 steels show that the critical temperature for an instable fracture during the sharp-notch slow bend test corresponds largely with the crack arrest temperature determined in the Robertson-Test. A regression equation is given for the relation of the results of both tests. - A distinct relation between the crack arrest temperature of the Robertson-Test on the one side and the transition temperatures measured in the notched bar impact test, the Coheracy test and the drop-weight test on the other side was not observed.
    Notes: Es werden Versuche beschrieben, nach denen man das Rißauffangvermögen, das üblicherweise durch Robertson-Test oder Double Tension-Test gekennzeichnet wird, unter Verwendung von Proben mittlerer Abmessung abschätzen kann. Nach Untersuchungen an insgesamt 16 Stählen stimmt die kritische Temperatur für das Auftreten eines instabilen Bruches im Scharfkerbbiegeversuch mit der im Robertson-Test ermittelten Crack Arrest-Temperatur gut überein. Für die Beziehung beider Größen wird eine Regressionsgleichung angegeben. Ein strenger Zusammenhang zwischen Crack Arrest-Temperatur des Robertson-Testes einerseits und den in Kerbschlagbiegeversuch, Kohärazieprüfung und Drop Weigth-Test gemessenen Übergangstemperaturen andererseits konnte nicht beobachtet werden.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 38
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 39
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 211-222 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 40
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 222-222 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 41
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 222-223 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 42
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Glass-Balls for Technical Application. Description of methods of producing glass-balls with a diameter of 1 to about 1000 μm and their application for shot blasting, reflecting and for filling material
    Notes: Herstellungsmethoden von Glaskugeln mit einem Durchmesser von 1 bis ca 1000 μm und die Verwendung dieser Kugeln als Strahlmittel, Reflexperlen und als Füllstoff werden beschrieben.
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  • 43
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 239-243 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Adhesion and Interfacial Reactions in the αAl2O3/Ni Composite System. Composite models consisting of a zylindrical sapphire rod surrounded by a sintered nickel ring are used to determine the influence of small amounts of titanium or zirconium (as alloying additions in the nickel) on the adhesion and compatibility between the composite components. Poor nickel gives temporally and thermally stable-shear strength values between 50 and 70 N/mm2. With nickel containing 0,05 at.-% Ti or Zr the shear strength increases to 250-280 N/mm2 by using favourable sintering conditions (i. e. 1300°C, 1 h). This increase is caused by an improvement of adhesion which can be explained by the formation of strong chemical bonds. These bonds are produced by chemical reactions between the sapphire surface and the alloyed active metals Ti or Zr in the nickel. With longer sintering times, higher sintering temperatures, and/or higher active metal concentrations, these reactions cause roughening of the sapphire surface and precipitation of active metal oxide phases at the interface or in the adjacent nickel zone. Those reactions-caused alterations of the interface region are changing the shear behaviour and can lead to a decrease of shear strength. The shear strength values of such specimens dont allow conclusions of the real adhesion between the components.
    Notes: An Verbundwerkstoffmodellen aus zylindrischen Saphirstäben mit aufgesintertem Nickelring wird der Einfluß geringer Mengen von Titan oder Zirkon als Legierungsbestandteil im Nickel auf die Haftung und Verträglichkeit zwischen den Partnern unter-sucht. Mit unlegiertem Nickel werden zeitlich und thermisch stabile Scherfestigkeitswerte zwischen 50 und 70 N/mm2 erzielt. Enthält das Nickel 0,05 At-% Titan oder Zirkon, steigt bei günstigen Sinterbedingungen (z. B. 1300°C, 1 h) die Scherfestigkeit auf 250-280 N/mm2 an. Dieser Anstieg ist auf eine, Verbesserung der Haftung zwischen den Partnern zurückzuführen, die sich mit der Ausbildung chemischer Haftkräfte als Folge von Reaktionen zwischen der Saphiroberfläche und den im Nickel enthaltenen aktiven Legierungselementen Titan oder Zirkon erklären lassen. Bei längeren Haltezeiten, höheren Sintertemperaturen und/oder höheren Aktivmetallkonzentrationen führen diese Reaktionen zur Aufrauhung des Saphir und zur Ausscheidung von Oxidphasen der im Nickel enthaltenen aktiven Elemente in der Grenzfläche oder in einer grenzflächennahen Zone des Nickels. Diese reaktionsbedingten Grenzflächenveränderungen bewirken eine Änderung des Scherverhaltens, die sich in einer Verringerung der Scherfestigkeit äußern kann. Die an solchen Proben gemessenen Scherfestigkeitswerte lassen keine Rückschlüsse auf die tatsächliche Haftung zwischen den Partnern mehr zu.
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 279-279 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 280-280 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 316-318 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 49
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 322-322 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 50
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 51
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 52
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 336-336 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 53
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 345-352 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Springs in precision mechanics and their materials. Springs of different types are important components for mechanical and electronic instruments. The properties required of the material follow as a result of the different problems for which the springs are designed. After a short classification of the field of task and uses the properties, their importance for function of the spring and the possibilities of testing are described. A Summary of materials for springs today in use is presented.
    Notes: Federn der verschiedensten Art bilden wichtige Bestandteile feinmechanischer und elektrotechnischer Geräte. Aus den unterschiedlichen Aufgaben, die diese Federn zu erfüllen haben, ergeben sich die Eigenschaften, die vom Federwerkstoff gefordert werden müssen. Nach einer Kurzen Klassifizierung der Aufgaben- und Anwendungsgebiete von Federn werden als Übersicht, Werkstoff-Eigenschaften, ihre Bedeutung für die Funktion der Feder, die Möglichkeiten der Prüfung und die heute gebräuchlichen Federwerkstoffe besprochen.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 54
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 280-280 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 55
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 282-286 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Recent Development in the Field of Welding Technique. Because of important advantages as soundness of gap, no overlapping and possibility of mechanization the welding procedure takes a considerable plave in the wide field of joint techniques. Often the mechanical properties of the weld metal exceed the values of the base metal.The following report describes recent welding techniques: welding with cored-wire electrodes, the narrow-gap-welding and electron-beam welding at atmosphere. This procedures are often used for the welding of new grades of materials.
    Notes: Im vorliegenden Beitrag sind anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen neue Entwicklungen auf einigen Gebieten der Schweißtechnik beschrieben. Diese Entwicklung wird durch wirtschaftliche Gesichtspunkte wesentlich beschleunigt und ist noch nicht an ihrem Ende angelangt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 56
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 281-281 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 57
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 383-385 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 58
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 368-376 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Changes of the state of aggregation of metals due to the passage of strong shock waves. The heating of metals due to the passage of a shock wave is, in general, small because of the low compressibility of solids. Under the action of extremely strong shock waves, for instance in the applications of high explosives, the increase of temperature may however, be so high that after pressure release the metal is in the liquid state. This prediction is based mainly on theoretical calculations as the direct determination of temperature, and hence of the state of aggregation, is difficult because of the rapid rate of the processes involved.The investigation discussed here was aimed at demonstrating the possible melting of metals under shock loading by looking for specific phenomena characteristic of the state of aggregation. To do this, shock waves of different intensities produced by means of high explosives were passed through samples of partly metallic, partly nonmetallic, material. The state of aggregation after pressure release was determined by X-ray flash photography and by investigations of recovered parts of the samples. The investigations show in accordance with the theoretical predictions that only low-melting metals, such as lead or tin, are in the liquid state after pressure release, and even these only when high explosives with shock pressures of several hundred kilobars are applied. Apart from these cases shock loaded metals are in the solid state after pressure release, with a maximum increase in temperature of a few hundred degrees.
    Notes: Die Aufheizung von Metallen beim Durchgang von Stoßwellen ist wegen der kleinen Kompressibilität fester Körper im allgemeinen gering. Im Fall extrem starker Stoßwellen, beispielsweise bei der Anwendung von Sprengstoffen, kann der Temperaturanstieg jedoch so groß sein, daß das Metall nach der Druckentlastung flüssig ist. Diese Aussage stützt sich allerdings fast ausschließlich auf theoretische Berechnungen, da die direkte Bestimmung der Temperatur und damit des Aggregatzustands wegen der Kurzzeitigkeit der Vorgänge schwierig ist.Die vorliegende Arbeit hatte das Ziel, unter Verzicht auf direkte Temperaturmessung das mögliche Schmelzen von Metallen unter Stoßbelastung durch Untersuchung bestimmter, für den jeweiligen Aggregatzustand charakteristischer Erscheinungen nachzuweisen. Hierzu wurden durch Proben aus teils metallischen, teils nichtmetallischen Materialien mit Hilfe von Sprengstoffen Stoßwellen unterschiedlicher Stärke geschickt. Der Aggregatzustand nach der Druckentlastung wurde durch Röntgenblitzaufnahmen und Untersuchungen am aufgefangenen Material ermittelt. Es zeigte sich in Übereinstimmung mit der theoretischen Vorhersage, daß nur niedrigschmelzende Metalle wie Blei oder Zinn nach der Druckentlastung im flüssigen Zustand vorliegen und auch diese nur bei Anwendung hochenergetischer Sprengstoffe mit Stoßwellendrücken von einigen hundert Kilobar. Von diesen Fällen abgesehen sind stoßbelastete Metalle nach dem Stoßwellendurchgang im festen Zustand, mit einer Temperaturerhöhung von höchstens wenigen hundert Grad.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 59
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 392-392 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 60
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 415-419 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hardenable Sintered Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Steel. From all the posible alloying elements to be used for high-strength Powder-Metal-Steels, Nickel and Molybdenum should be preferred, particularly when heat treatment is required. As an example a P/M-Steel with 2,0% Ni and 0,5% Mo is being presented. The pros and cons of blends and prealloyed powders are being displayed as well as the physical properties as-sintered and as-heat treated.In general, high-strength sintered steels loose their ability to be calibrated because of their high yield strength and poor deformability. It is therefore very difficult to calibrate them to close tolerances, hence they cannot very often compete with other metal working procedures which would permit to achieve the required tolerance.The author describes the careful selection of the carbon concentration. Despite a tensile strength figure in the order of 80-90 kp/mm2 the material retained its ability to be manufactured to very close tolerances. The method by which the samples were prepared are described.The materials obtained from blends and prealloyed powders exhibit different structures; their influences on the physical properties are being explained.
    Notes: Aus sinterspezifischen Gründen ist den Legierungselementen Nickel und Molybdän bei der Herstellung eines hochfesten Vergütungssinterstahls mit ausreichender Durchhärtbarkeit der Vorzug zu geben. Am Beispiel eines Stahls mit 2% Nickel und 0,5% Molybdän werden das Prinzip des Mischlegierens und der Fertiglegierung vergleichend untersucht und die technologischen Eigenschaften im gesinterten und vergüteten Zustand mitgeteilt.Hochfeste Sinterstähle verlieren im allgemeinen wegen ihrer hohen Streckgrenze und der geringen Zähigkeit ihre Kalibrierbarkeit, so daß die gegenüber anderen konkurrierenden Fertigungsverfahren engen Maßtoleranzen nicht mehr einhaltbar sind. Durch eine genaue Auswahl des Kohlenstoffgehaltes ist es jedoch möglich, den vorliegenden Sinterstahl trotz des Festigkeitsniveaus von 80 bis 90 kp/mm2 mit hoher Maßgenauigkeit zu fertigen, wofür eine entsprechende Anleitung gegeben wird.Die unterschiedliche Gefügestruktur der Stähle aus dem Mischpulver und dem fertiglegierten Pulver werden aufgezeigt und ihr Einfluß auf die technologischen Eigenschaften beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 61
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 420-424 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hot Forged Materials from Steel Powders. Two types of materials are available: one type is derived from compositions of sintered steels with Cu, Ni, Mo as alloying elements where no comparisons with wrought steels are possible. The other one comprehend alloys with assimilated compositions of wrought heat treatable steels. Preference had been given first to alloying elements, which do not oxidize under neutral or slightly reducing atmosphere, e. g. steels of AISI 4600 serie.  -  In the mean time also cheaper raw materials e. g. low Cr.—Ni—Mn—Mo alloyed powders are used. The carbon content is adjusted by additions of graphite powder.  -  Differences in compositions in comparison to wrought steels exist in the silicon content, which is less than 0,10 % in opposite to 0,10 to 0,35 % in structural and heat treatable steels.  -  Yield-, tensile- and fatigue strength of powder forged materials are quite comparable with those of wrought steel of similar composition, while ductility, is a little bit less. Attention must be drawn, however, to the fact that the obtained values for elongation and impact strength are isotropical in the finished part, whereas the corresponding values of wrought steel will decrease rectangular to the forging direction, resp. to the direction of materials flow.
    Notes: Auf dem Werkstoffgebiet der Sinterschmiedestähle zeichnen sich zwei Entwicklungslinien ab; die eine baut auf den herkömmlichen Legierungen der Sinterstähle auf unter bevorzugter Verwendung der Legierungselemente Cu, Ni, Mo und C. Hier sind keine vergleichbaren Zusammensetzungen in der Schmelzmetallurgie vorhanden. Die andere lehnt sich an Zusammensetzungen der Bau- und Vergütungsstähle der Schmelzmetallurgie an. Hier wurden zunächst ebenfalls Legierungselemente bevorzugt, deren Oxidation unter neutraler oder leicht reduzierender Atmosphäre vermieden werden kann, wie z. B. Zusammensetzungen des Stahltyps AISI 4600. -  Mittlerweile ist man jedoch auch zu billigeren Rohstoffen, d. h. niedrig Cr—Mn—Ni—Mo—legierten Pulvern, denen Kohlenstoff in Form von Grafit zugegeben wird, übergegangen.  -  Unterschiede in der chemischen Zusammensetzung gegenüber schmelz metallurgisch hergestellten Stählen bestehen nur im Siliziumgehalt (max. 0,10% gegenüber 0,10-0,35 % bei den Bau- und Vergütungsstählen).Streckgrenzen-, Zug-und Dauerfestigkeitswerte der sintergeschmiedeten Werkstoffe stimmen gut mit den schmelzmetallurgisch hergestellten gleicher Zusammensetzung überein. Lediglich die Zähigkeitseigenschaften sind niedriger. Hierbei muß jedoch beachtet werden, daß diese etwas geringeren Zähigkeitseigenschaften am sintergeschmiedeten Bauteil in jeder Richtung erhalten werden, während die besseren Zähigkeitseigenschaften des erschmolzenen und dann umgeformten Bauteiles nur parallel zur Verformungsrichtung vorliegen. Das isotrope Eigenschaftsverhalten der sintergeschmiedeten Werkstoffe könnte für manche Bauteile von großem Interesse sein.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 62
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 436-437 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Radiographic equivalence factors for several common plastic materials were determined experimentally. The factors were calculated in relation to steel in an energy range from 50 to 150 keV.
    Notes: Für eine Reihe technisch wichtiger Kunststoffe wurden die Umrechnungsfaktoren auf gleichwertige Stahlwanddicke im Strahlenenergiebereich 50-150 keV experimentell ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 63
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 64
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 13-17 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Diffusion in the contact zone of explosion-welded titanium-clad steel plates. After diffusion heat treatment, the intermetallic compounds Fe2Ti and FeTi were found to exist in the contact zone of titanium  -  Clad steel plates. The bond strength of these clad plates may possibly be impaired by the segregation of titanium carbide in the FeTi layer. In addition, cavities form adjacent to the intermetallic phases in the titanium after prolonged heat treatment. Titanium concentration in the fusion zones was found to be 55 ± 2 w/o (balance iron). After heat treatment of this specimen, FeTi was found to be predominant.
    Notes: Nach Diffusionsglühungen konnten in der Kontaktzone von Fe/Ti-Plattierungen die intermetallischen Verbindungen Fe2Ti und FeTi nachgewiesen werden. Die Haftfestigkeit dieser Plattierungen kann möglicherweise durch Ausscheidung von Titan-Karbid in der FeTi-Zone beeinträchtigt werden. Bei längerer Glühzeit bilden sich zusätzlich Löcher neben den intermetallischen Phasen im Titan aus. Die Titan-Konzentration in den Aufschmelzzonen konnte mit 55 ± 2 Gew.-% Titan (Rest Eisen) bestimmt werden. Nach einer Wärmebehandlung dieser Probe wurde überwiegend FeTi nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 65
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 55-55 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 66
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 56-56 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 67
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 56-56 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 68
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 69
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 57-57 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 70
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 58-64 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Wear and wear Testing. The following six different wear mechanisms are briefly discussed: adhesive wear, abrasive wear, fatique wear, mechano-chemical wear and thermal wear. As to wear testing it is concluded that for obtaining a priori information on materials, laboratory testing can be quite useful, provided that the environmental conditions that prevail in practice are successfully reproduced in the laboratory. Further, it is always advisable to include in a test programme some reference materials on which practical information is available.
    Notes: Es wird eine Übersicht über die Grundprozesse, die beim Auftreten praktischer Verschleißfälle eine Rolle spielen können, gegeben. Unterschieden wird in: adhäsiven Verschleiß, Furchungsverschleiß und abrasive Erosion, Verschleiß durch Oberflächenermüdung, mechanochemischer Verschleiß und Schmelzverschleiß. Der Verlauf dieser verschiedenen Prozesse und der Einfluß verschiedener Prozeßparameter werden erörtert. Hinsichtlich der Verschleißprüfung wird darauf hingewiesen, daß man bei der Übertragung von Unterlagen aus dem Labor auf die Praxis mit Überlegung vorgehen muß. Im allgemeinen kann man nur eine sinnvolle Information über die relative Qualität von Materialien erwarten. Eine Grundbedingung hierzu ist aber noch, daß die Prüftemperatur und die Zusammensetzung der Umgebung in Übereinstimmung mit denen der Praxis gewählt werden. Außerdem empfiehlt es sich, eine Anzahl Referenzmaterialien, von denen Praxisunterlagen bekannt sind, in die Untersuchung mit einzubeziehen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 167-167 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 168-168 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 74
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 168-168 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 75
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 76
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 197-203 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Refractory metals and alloys. The application of refractory metals such as niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium and rhenium at high temperatures is discussed on the basis of a compilation of their physical, chemical and technological properties. The present state of knowledge in this field indicates, that the high temperature strength needed can be obtained with some of the refractory alloys also at temperatures much higher than 1000°C. However, at present, the oxydation resistance has not yet been improved far enough to allow the use of these materials in air.
    Notes: Ausgehend von einer Übersicht über die physikalischen, chemischen und technologischen Eigenschaften der hochschmelzenden Metalle Niob, Tantal, Molybdän, Wolfram, Chrom und Rhenium sowie deren Legierungen werden die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten dieser Stoffgruppe als Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe besprochen.Der derzeitige Stand der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten auf diesem Gebiet läßt erkennen, daß die von der Technik geforderten Warmfestigkeitswerte von einigen Legierungen auch bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 1000°C erreicht werden. Die Oxydationsbeständigkeit konnte dagegen bisher noch nicht so weit verbessert werden, daß eine Anwendung in Luft möglich erscheint.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 77
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 223-223 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 78
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 223-224 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 80
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 223-223 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 81
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 223-223 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 82
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 224-224 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 83
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 224-224 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 84
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 264-271 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 85
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 272-278 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 86
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 279-279 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 87
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 88
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 286-291 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Recent Progress in cold pressure welding technology and its application. A definition of cold pressure welding is given and different forming processes applied for cold pressure welding are described. The factors influencing the quality of joints are discussed and several examples for the practical use of the process are given.
    Notes: Für das Kaltpreßschweißen wird eine Begriffsbestimmung gegeben. Zum Kaltpreßschweißen herangezogene Umformverfahren werden beschrieben und Einflußgrößen besprochen, die die Güte der Schweißverbindung beeinflussen. Den Abschluß bildet eine Zusammenstellung zahlreicher Anwendungsbeispiele aus der Praxis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 89
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 306-310 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Explosive Welding  -  an important supplement to the Existing Bonding Techniques. The basic principles of the method of explosive welding are described. Of special importance are the welding parameters. A simple method of their determination is described. Typical welding interphases with and without intermetallic reactions are discussed. Typical applications are noted.
    Notes: Die Grundlagen des Explosivschweißens werden geschildert. Insbesondere wird auf die Bedeutung der Schweißparameter eingegangen. Eine einfache neue Methode zu deren Ermittlung wird beschrieben. Typische Schweißverbindungen mit und ohne Reaktionen in der Verbindungsschicht werden beispielhaft diskutiert. Ebenfalls werden typische Anwendungsfälle aufgezeigt.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 90
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 279-279 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 91
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 280-280 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 92
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 296-301 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Fatigue strength of high-temperature brazed joints. Starting from an extensive review of literature the fatigue strength of high-temperature brazed joints is investigated and the results are evaluted statistically. NiCr 20 TiAl- and X 8 CrCoNiMo 10 6-joints are brazed in vacuum by inductive heating with AuNi 18 or PdNi 40. The heat-treatment after brazing and the test-temperature are alternated systematically; in some cases additionally the surface preparation is varied. The typical ruptures of joints are shown by micrographs.
    Notes: Nach der Auswertung des einschlägigen Schrifttums werden systematische und statistisch abgesicherte Schwinguntersuchungen im Zeitfestigkeitsbereich an im Hochvakuum induktiv, jeweils mit AuNi 18 und PdNi 40 gelöteten NiCr 20 TiAl- und X 8 CrCo- NiMo 10 6-Proben durchgeführt. Als Versuchsparameter gelten dabei nach unterschiedlicher mechanischer Lötflächenvorbereitung die Wärmebehandlung nach dem Löten sowie die Prüftemperatur. Anhand von Gefügebildern werden ergänzend häufig vorkommende Rißverläufe wiedergegeben.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 93
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 311-316 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Organic adhesives for low heat joining techniques. The applications of adhesives have been greatly extended by the using of synthetic organic polymers which cures physically or chemically. They give satisfactory adhesion to different materials, flexibility, and mechanical properties even at high temperatures. A particulary important advance was the introduction of chemically or mechanically blocked polymer systems, which reduces curing time and costs of curing equipment.
    Notes: Die Anwendung von Klebstoffen fand weite Verbreitung, seit als Basissubstanzen synthetische organische Hochpolymere zur Verfügung standen, die physikalisch oder chemisch härten. Sie gewährleisten ausreichende Haftfähigkeit an den unterschiedlichsten Werkstoffen, Verformbarkeit und mechanische Eigenschaften auch bei erhöhten Temperaturen. Einen besonderen Fortschritt bedeuten chemisch oder mechanisch blockierte Polymersysteme, die kurze Härtungszeiten und geringen Aufwand an Fixiervorrichtungen zulassen.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 94
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 279-280 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 95
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 352-359 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbon fibres and carbon fibre composite materials. Carbon fibres are a new reinforcement for high performance composite materials. Their most interesting property is the high Young's modulus.The tensile strength of carbon fibres exceeds 200 kp/mm2, the Young's modulus 50,000 kp/mm2. Carbon fibre reinforced plastics are mainly used where high stiffness is needed. In most cases, carbon fibre composite components are manufactured by filament winding burt also by lamination and moulding.Data about the different processes for the production of carbon fibres as well as mechanical properties are given. In addition to the different manufacturing methods of composite materials a survey about the today applications is given.
    Notes: Kohlenstoffäden stellen eine neuartige Verstärkungskomponente zur Herstellung von hochbelastbaren Verbundwerkstoffen dar. Im Unterschied zu den bekannten Glasfäden besitzen Kohlenstoffäden einen hohen Elastizitätsmodul. Der Einsatz von kohlenstoffadenverstärkten Verbundwerkstoffen (KFK) ist daher dort von Vorteil, wo es auf hohe Steifheit des Werkstoffteiles ankommt.Kohlenstoffäden haben eine Zugfestigkeit von mehr als 200 kp/mm2 und einen E-Modul bis 5 × 104 kp/mm2. Ihre Verarbeitung zu Verbundwerkstoffteilen geschieht in den meisten Fällen nach dem Fadenwickelverfahren. Auch die Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen aus Kohlenstoffäden in Faserform ist nach den üblichen Formgebungsverfahren möglich.Es werden Daten über die Herstellung von Kohlenstoffäden und deren Eigenschaften gegeben sowie die wichtigsten Verarbeitungsverfahren besprochen. Ferner wird ein Bild über die heutigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten gegeben.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 96
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 291-296 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Modern Method of Plasma Cutting. After having explained the Principle of the process the modern technique of plasma cutting with argon-hydrogen-mixtures and stick electrodes is described. Corresponding plants, torches and guiding machines are presented. The relations between plant power, cutting speed, plate thickness and cut quality are demonstrated. A comparison to traditional thermal cutting methods and a view to the application of plasma cutting are finishing the article.
    Notes: Nach Erläuterung des Verfahrensprinzips wird die neuzeitliche Technik des Plasmaschneidens mit Argon-Wasserstoff-Gemischen und Spitzenelektroden beschrieben. Entsprechende Geräte, Brenner und Führungseinrichtungen werden vorgestellt. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen Anlagenleistung, Vorschubgeschwindigkeit und Blechdicke sowie Schnittqualität werden demonstriert. Ein Vergleich zu herkömmlichen thermischen Trennverfahren und ein Blick auf die Einsatzgebiete der Plasma-Schneidtechnik schließen den Artikel ab.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 97
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 301-306 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Numerical treatment of displacement of residual stresses in a bar model by overstressing. A contribution to mechanical relieving of residual welding stresses. The mechanism of overstressing, caused by the superposition of load and residual stresses, is mathematically formulated for a uni-dimensional tensile bar model of an elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain relation. The calculation leads to a set of equations, describing completely the elastic-plastic superposition of load and residual stresses as a function of the existing residual stress state, the yield point and the load. The change of the original internal stresses by local yielding results from an elastic removal of the load. For symmetrical residual stress distributions the generally valid system of equations is specialized. Completing the theoretical representation a simple example is calculated in detail.
    Notes: Der Mechanismus der Überbelastung, hervorgerufen durch die überlagerung von Last- und Eigenspannungen, wird für ein eindimensionales Zugstabmodell mit elastisch-idealplastischem Stoff-verhalten mathematisch formuliert. Die Rechnung ergibt ein Gleichungssystem, das in Abhängigkeit von dem vorhandenen Eigenspannungszustand, der Fließgrenze und der Belastung die elastisch-plastische überlagerung von Last- und Eigenspannungen vollständig beschreibt. Die durch örtliches Fließen veränderten ursprünglichen Eigenspannungen ergeben sich durch elastische Entlasten. Das allgemein gültige Gleichungssystem wird für symmetrische Eigenspannungsverteilungen spezialisiert. Zur Ergänzung der theoretischen Darstellung wird ein einfaches Beispiel ausführlich durchgerechnet.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 98
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 318-322 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 99
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 324-333 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 3 (1972), S. 393-393 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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