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  • 1975-1979  (864)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1977  (864)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (630)
  • Engineering  (234)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1188-1193 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The application of the finite element method to the supersonic flutter of two parallel elastically coupled flat plates subjected to a pre-stress state of in-plane loadings is presented. Numerical results are given and these are compared with previous analytical solutions. It is shown that, for the coupled plates, the first spanwise modes are not necessarily the critical modes for the flutter boundaries. Previous analytical results do not exhibit such a trend since only the first spanwise modes were considered.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 102
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 103
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1235-1250 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Two direct search algorithms for the optimization of non-unimodal systems are presented. One method is interior in nature by using boundary relaxation with pseudo one-dimensional search in the feasible region; the other one is an exterior method which allows the violation of constraints followed by the use of a penalty function to drive the search back into the feasible region. These two methods are usually capable of leaving local optima to reach a better solution if such exists. The application of the proposed approaches to several non-unimodal systems shows that they are better than the existing methods. The proposed methods are also attractive because of the ease of programming and the high probability of reaching the global optimum.
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  • 104
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1271-1290 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The wave problem is introduced and a derivation of Berkhoff's surface wave theory is outlined. Appropriate boundary conditions are described, for finite and infinite boundaries. These equations are then presented in a variational form, which is used as a basis for finite and infinite elements. The elements are used to solve a wide range of unbounded surface wave problems. Comparisons are given with other methods. It is concluded that infinite elements are a competitive method for the solution of such problems.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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  • 105
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1343-1343 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 106
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1344-1344 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 107
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1379-1389 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Two families of slipline field solutions for extrusion through unsymmetrical square dies, which have hitherto only been suggested qualitatively are computed and their ranges of validity determined. The solutions are of ‘indirect type’ and have been obtained using a technique by which the integral operators are approximated by matrices. The determination of the slipline angles and other field parameters corresponding to any given geometry requires the solution of a set of non-linear algebraic equations. This is accomplished using a non-linear optimization procedure.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 108
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 109
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1519-1528 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Zienkiewicz Weighted Residual Method produces a very general (three-parameter) four-time-level scheme for the numerical integration of vibration problems. This paper obtains the values of these parameters which minimize the incremental phase error and gives a general method for testing the stability and artificial damping with any other choice of the parameters.
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  • 110
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1559-1577 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In the present paper, a finite element technique combined with the collocation method is formulated to obtain numerical solutions of integral equations which determine the airload distributions acting on a wing oscillating sinusoidally in a uniform supersonic flow. This technique, which is formulated by the simultaneous use of two integral equations, is shown to be appropriate especially for the low supersonic regions, i.e., for 1 〈 M 〈 1·3, where M is the Mach number of the uniform flow. Although the formulation is made for a sinusoidally oscillating wing, it is obvious that the corresponding formulation for a stationary wing can be derived as a special case of that for the oscillating wing. Problems of determining the airload distributions for stationary as well as sinusoidally oscillating wings are treated, and it is shown that the accuracy of numerical results obtained by the present finite element technique is encouraging.
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  • 111
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 112
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1681-1697 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple and direct procedure is presented for the formulation of an element stiffness matrix on element co-ordinates for a beam member and a beam-column member including shear deflections. The resulting stiffness matrices are compared with those obtained using the alternative formulation in terms of member flexibilities: The relative effects of axial force and shear force on the stiffness coefficients are presented. The critical buckling loads, considering the effects of shear force, are computed and compared with those available in the literature. Only prismatic members are considered.
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  • 113
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1753-1768 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The features of an advanced numerical solution capability for boundary value problems of linear, homogeneous, isotropic, steady-state thermoelasticity theory are outlined. The influence on the stress field of thermal gradient, or comparable mechanical body force, is shown to depend on surface integrals only. Hence discretization for numerical purposes is confined to body surfaces. Several problems are solved, and verification of numerical procedures is obtained by comparison with accepted results from the literature.
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  • 114
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1769-1773 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this study a method for obtaining the derivatives of eigenvectors of a locally modified structure with respect to a design variable is presented. Eigensolution to the locally modified structure is expressed by equations consisting of the condensed matrices only which refer to the modified part. The analysis presented herein is developed in conjunction with eigensolution to the modified structure, and the derived fundamental equations are also represented by the same type of condensed matrices only. So, advantages are realized both in computational effort and in computer storage, if the modified part is small compared with the unmodified part. To find exact results, complete eigensolution to the unmodified structure needs to be given. Approximate results are obtained from a few lower eigenvectors and eigenvalues. A pin-jointed truss is solved as a numerical example.
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  • 115
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1809-1817 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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  • 116
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1845-1863 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper describes a numerical method for determining the stress distribution in the interior of a three-dimensional body using experimentally determined surface stresses, and the interior displacements from surface displacements. The normal and shear stresses inside the body are obtained by solving Laplace's equation in terms of sum of normal stresses together with the three-dimensional compatibility equations in terms of stresses, using the finite difference technique, when the stresses on the surface of the body are known. On the other hand if surface displacements are known (from which strain components could be determined) then displacement components in the interior of a body can be determined by solving Laplace's equation in terms of sum of normal strains together with the three-dimensional equilibrium equations in terms of displacements. It is shown that axi-symmetric problems can also be solved in an identical way by transforming the equations into cylindrical co-ordinates. The application of the method has been illustrated through several examples.
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  • 117
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1733-1751 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 118
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1774-1774 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 119
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 120
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1898-1898 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 121
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 122
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 27-38 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A hierarchical approach is used to construct the simplex elements which permits easy merging of elements of different orders. The explicit interpolation functions and the algorithm of using such elements are presented.
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  • 123
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 85-98 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Triangular and prismatic quadratic isoparametric elements, formed by collapsing one side and placing the mid-side node near the crack tip at the quarter point, are shown to embody the (1/√r) singularity of elastic fracture mechanics and the (1/r) singularity of perfect plasticity. The procedure of performing the fracture analysis for the case of small scale yielding is discussed, and the finite element results are compared with theoretical results.The proposed elements have wide application in the fracture analysis of structures where ductile fracture is investigated. They permit a determination of the relationship between crack tip field parameters, loading, and geometry. And for a given fracture criterion can be applied to the prediction of fracture in structures such as pressure vessels under in service conditions.
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  • 124
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 131-143 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 125
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 145-167 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Simplified Hybrid Displacement Method, an attractive modification of one of the principles of stationary value of modified potential energy, is examined critically and compared to another form of such variational principles and to the classical principle of minimum of potential energy. The three methods are studied from a theoretical vantage point and through the medium of numerical examples. A non-conforming triangular finite plate bending element serves as the vehicle to solve a number of simple problems, utilizing the classical principle of minimum potential energy, a principle of stationary value of modified potential energy and the Simplified Hybrid Displacement Method.The attraction of this method derives from the fact that no additional independent unknown parameters - Lagrangian multipliers from a mathematical standpoint - enter into the modified energy functional, as is usually the case with hybrid methods.It is demonstrated numcrically that the Simplified Hybrid Displacement Method may become unstable. It is also shown that the stationary values of the modified energy functional for this method may be inconsistent with the corresponding minima of the classical potential energy. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the Simplified Hybrid Displacement method is, in general, incapable of ‘restoring’ interelement slope continuity in the sense of a principle of stationary value of modified potential energy, that is, at least in an ‘integral sense’.
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  • 126
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 180-184 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 127
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 199-200 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 128
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 129
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 200-203 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 130
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 345-353 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method is given for the problem of exact control of a linear parabolic equation. The basis functions consist of piecewise bicubic polynomials and the differential equation is satisfied at Gaussian collocation points within each element. The overdetermined system of equations obtained is solved by the method of least squares, and a convergence argument is given for the complete procedure. Numerical results are given for two problems of boundary control.
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  • 131
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 383-386 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 132
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 401-402 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 133
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 406-406 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 134
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 419-430 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The energy expression associated with Poisson's equation is written, for triangular domains, in a form invariant to translation and rotation. The element matrices derived from this depend only on the intrinsic parameters of the element, say the three sides. Considerable savings in storage can be achieved by storing the global stiffness matrix in terms of these element matrices.
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  • 135
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 447-467 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: If the resistance of a conductor is negligible compared with the reactance and if radiation effects are ignored the inductance and current distribution may be obtained by using perfectly-conducting models. In this paper the distribution of current in a system of infinitely-long, perfectly-conducting straight conductors of arbitrary cross-section is shown to satisfy an integral equation of Fredholm type and a general digital procedure for solving this equation, and hence for determining inductance, is given.The relative advantages of stepped, piecewise-linear and piecewise quadratic approximations to the current distribution are studied using arrangements of strip conductors and of isolated rectangular conductors having known current distributions. The advantageous effect of varying the width of the sections used in the computation is also established. It is shown that inductance estimates accurate to within 0·1 per cent can be obtained with a relatively small number of sections and that for a large number of sections the inductance converges on the theoretical value. The paper also examines current distribution and inductance for ‘go-and return’ systems of rectangular conductors, as well as for two paralleled conductors with remote return, and compares the inductances obtained with previous derivations.
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  • 136
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 533-551 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The packing of a thermal regenerator provides intermediate storage capacity for the heat transferred from a hot to a cold fluid and is an intrinsic part of this type of heat exchanger. The thermal capacity of the packing imposes an inertia upon the regenerative process which prevents instantaneous response to changes in operating conditions. A regenerator which possesses a large ‘thermal inertia’ will be very slow to reach cyclic equilibrium.A mathematical model of a regenerator which simulates cycle to cycle behaviour will be similarly slow to converge. The process of numerical acceleration discussed in this paper can be employed with advantage to overcome the thermal inertia and reach the cyclic equilibrium situation in fewer cycles, thereby substantially reducing the calculation time.The paper describes a numerical acceleration method (based on Aitken's Δ2 method) and gives details of parameter ranges for which it is suitable.
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  • 137
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 593-597 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Theoretical error bounds of the form are often available for finite element solutions U of elliptic problems. In this form the estimates give the order of convergence of the method but are of little practical value for estimating the size of the error because the magnitudes of the constant K and the theoretical solution u are unknown. An exception occurs in the case of the equation ∂2u/∂x2 + ∂2u/∂y2 + f = 0 in a rectangle where the Ritz-Galerkin finite element solution involves piecewise linears over a regular triangular grid. In this case where α = 1 and Barnhill and Gregory1 have obtained the theoretical value 0·93√2 for K. In this note calculations are carried out for a variety of problems and the quantity K* = ∥u - U∥E/h∥f∥L2 measured and compared with K. The values of K* obtained fit into a well defined pattern from which we conclude that the theoretical constant K is of the correct order of magnitude.
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  • 138
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 607-607 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 139
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 140
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new approach to modelling solids that are anisotropic and heterogeneous is presented with applications to structures of composite material. A parametric cubic modelling system is presented for lines, surfaces, volumes, and physical data that uses construction-in-context to generate numerical data. This system automates the construction of discrete element models and can reduce input data requirements by more than an order of magnitude. A tricubic isoparametric discrete element is presented that does not require displacement derivatives to define connectivity. This element is capable of exact displacement and strain continuity over a surface while permitting strain discontinuities at heterogeneous material interfaces. The shape of an element can be any hexahedron, pentahedron, or tetrahedron and the material properties are allowed to vary over the volume. Evaluation of modelling error with respect to closed-form solutions for curved geometries indicate a single element can model up to 90-degree segments with stresses accurate to 1 per cent. Applications of the system to composite structures are presented for interlaminar edge effects and attachment stresses in a sandwich panel.
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  • 141
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 741-752 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A locally one-dimensional method (fractional step or alternating direction method) is used to approximate multi-dimensional free surface problems for the diffusion equation by a sequence of one-dimensional problems. These are solved with the method of lines and invariant imbedding.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 729-740 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: The problem considered in this paper is the solution of the Volterra integral equation of the first kind for the input function where we are given the impulse response or kernel and discrete, noise contaminated, observed values of the output function. The present method, introduced here, is based on assuming a multipolynomial form for the input function. Using the integral equation and the least squares method, the coefficients of all the terms in these polynomials are found simultaneously, in order to avoid bias toward any subset of the data. The solution is obtained in such a way that successive polynomials are continuous in function value and derivative at the points of juncture. Thus a smoothed estimate of the input function is generated. The development of the algorithm is presented and applied to two illustrative problems. Possible improvements and extensions of the method are also discussed.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 759-764 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: An eigensystem subroutine ‘EASI’ due to K. K. Gupta is critically discussed. Some faults are pointed out and remedial measures which have been adopted in practice are presented. The result is a consistently reliable convergent algorithm which has solved narrow bandwidth problems of order up to 1000 × 1000.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 851-866 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: FINITE is a general purpose structural mechanics system which runs under the POLO II supervisor. It is unique in that it provides users with a very flexible recursive structural modeling capability. Engineers can communicate with FINITE through a problem-oriented language similar to STRUDL. Significant savings in computer and data entry times can be achieved when its recursive substructuring and condensation features are used appropriately. The structure of FINITE permits engineers to enter new elements with a minimal knowledge of the system operation. Nonsymmetric elements, hybrid elements, and elements with different degrees of freedom at the various nodes are all permissible. Various forms of linear constraints may be applied to the generalized displacements of a structure.The system runs under the POLO II supervisor and derives many of its attributes from the unique data base management facilities of this system. Among them are a limited working set size in a virtual memory environment and automatic restart capabilities.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 910-910 
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  • 146
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
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  • 147
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 963-973 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A measure of the severity of a pipeline failure is the minimum reduction in load in the network necessary to ensure that no node falls below its minimum pressure. The expected loss of sales is calculated as the product of the minimum reduction in load and the expected duration of the period during which the pipeline will be in the inoperable state, and thus reflects both the severity and the frequency of the failure. Consequently, this index, whose evaluation involves network theory, optimization and probability theory, serves as a measure of the insecurity of the gas network.The security index can be evaluated for all points within a system, providing a basis of comparison between the relative vulnerability of different parts. The relative level of security of different design proposals can also be assessed using this index.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1029-1039 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Four new ways to relieve the excessive bending stiffness of linear elements are described, and incorporated into plane elements. All satisfy the ‘patch test’. The new elements are compared with existing elements in test problems. Application to three-dimensional problems is proposed.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1049-1052 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977) 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1093-1105 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Finite element analysis of unsteady flow of two-dimensional incompressible viscous fluid is presented employing stream function as a field variable. The Galerkin approach is applied in the procedure of discretizing in time. Using trigonometric series as the interpolation function, the non-linear algebraic simultaneous equation system is derived. Several numerical examples show the adaptability of the formulation.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1175-1184 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1194-1197 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1199-1199 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1202-1202 
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  • 156
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1251-1259 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A computer program is presented for in-core solution of a large, sparse, unsymmetric, unbanded system of linear equations. The program employs two partially packed arrays (one for storing non-zero elements, and one for column identifications). Used as the pivotal row is the row with the minimum number of non-zero elements. To avoid instability, the pivot is the largest absolute element in the pivotal row. The method was tested on a system of equations encountered in field application of the three-dimensional Galerkin finite element solution of flow and mass transport through porous media. Performance is compared with that of available alternatives.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1307-1328 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: This paper describes a simple explicit and unconditionally stable numerical routine for the solution of the diffusion equation using a transmission-line modelling (TLM) method. The paper also shows that the explicit finite difference routine and the implicit Crank-Nicolson routine may be expressed as the exact solution of certain transmission-line models. Using these models a technique for comparing the accuracy and stability of numerical routines is developed and a detailed comparison of the new TLM methods and the well established methods is made.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1340-1342 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: An integral equation method is presented for the numerical calculation of the eigenvalues of the scalar Helmholtz equation. By using a particular solution instead of Green's function, the calculations could be simplified due to the elimination of complex numbers.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1391-1404 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A new approach in the formulation of finite elements using the concepts of least squares in conjunction with collocation is developed. No numerical integration is required in the stiffness formulation and the resulting matrix has the advantage of being always symmetrical. This approach has also been applied to the finite strip method and provides a means for rapid and accurate analysis of high order partial differential equations. The accuracy and versatility of the method are demonstrated by several examples.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1473-1477 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: When the stiffness matrix of a beam element is transformed linearly to account for eccentricity with respect to the plate it is attached to, an incompatibility in the axial displacement field is introduced. The nature of the error so introduced is discussed.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1485-1485 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1491-1505 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The patch test is interpreted from a variational point of view. This leads to the conclusion that non-conforming (or non-stress diffusive) displacement (stress) models can be considered as special hybrid models. A simple choice of mixed connectors is proposed that satisfy a priori the patch test for any assumed displacement or stress field. Finally some numerical examples are given of finite elements that do not pass the patch test but still exhibit convergence in practical applications.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1545-1558 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A two noded, straight element which includes shear deformation effects is presented and shown to be extremely efficient in the analysis of axisymmetric shells. A single point of numerical integration is essential for its success when applied to thin shells where the results compare favourably with those achieved with more complex curved elements.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1605-1619 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: In predicting temperatures with an implicit finite difference method there is a tendency for the surface temperature to oscillate if a non-linear radiation boundary condition is imposed. An iterative method is described which eliminates these oscillations in temperature prediction.Several examples are given that allow a comparison with other implicit methods. These examples are for cases which are typical of those that arise in practical applications. The results demonstrate that the method is remarkable in its ability to predict surface conditions without the debilitation of other methods in regard to step size control, along with the ease of incorporating it into the solution routine.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1632-1632 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1667-1679 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper concerns a technique for providing quantitative and qualitative answers to the questions related to accuracy and stability of finite-difference schemes. It is applicable to both the unsteady and the steady flows. The application of the technique provides comparative information about the amplitudes and the speeds of propagation of the numerical and analytic solutions. The difference between the two solutions is characterized in terms of a ‘false’ propagation speed and ‘false’ diffusion parameters for the numerical schemes.The technique is applied to a number of commonly used finite-difference schemes and it is concluded that the use of central differences for the convective terms and/or explicit formulations tends to increase the amplitudes and wave speeds. The opposite effects on the amplitudes and wave speeds are produced by upwind or ‘donor’ cell differences and/or implicit formulations.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1699-1718 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A finite element method is presented for the analysis of prestressed cablenets. The method is based on representing the prestressed cablenet as a series of finite length curved elements. The large displacement formulation used, enables the evaluation of the static and dynamic response of 3-D cablenets. The development is general and the mathematical basis is explained at length. It is shown by means of comparison functions that for absolute continuity at nodes, a cubic displacement field is sufficient for the prediction of the first frequency of shallow nets. For globally deep networks the accuracy can be increased by employing a quintic displacement field for the normal component of displacement.The application of the proposed model to cable structures of shallow and also of deep global geometry, is presented. A variety of edge boundary shapes are employed in order to illustrate the versatility of the large displacement formulation. In all the example problems studied, gravity load has been taken as the initial load condition in calculating the equilibrium configuration. The stiffness and consistent mass matrices associated with the equation of motion are derived using Hamilton's variational principle.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1774-1774 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1779-1799 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: The philosophy of a simple data structure for handling data for finite element analyses is described. The technique is advocated as an efficient way of handling finite element data and of communicating between programs using the data.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1819-1830 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: In this paper the correspondence principle is used to reduce the equations of viscoelasticity to the equations of elasticity by means of a Laplace transform.The finite element technique is used to approximate these equations in Laplace transform space. The approximating equations are then inverted to obtain a set of simultaneous Volterra integral equations. It is then shown how the introduction of certain auxiliary variables can be used to develop an integration scheme which considerably reduces computer storage requirements.The conditions under which this integration scheme is conditionally stable and unconditionally stable are both investigated and illustrated by means of examples.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1899-1900 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 65-84 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A formulation is presented for the transient analysis of space frames in large displacement, small strain problems. For purposes of treating arbitrarily large rotations, node orientations are described by unit vectors and deformable elements are treated by a co-rotational (rigid-convected) description. Deformable elements may be connected either to nodes directly or through rigid bodies. The equations of motion are integrated by an explicit procedure. Sample results are presented on the snap-through of an arch-type structure and an idealization of a vehicle-barrier impact.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 211-229 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Finite element methods are used to calculate the stress intensity factors for three-dimensional geometries containing a number of depths of crack subjected to various loads. Special elements are used at the tip to represent the variation of the displacement with respect to the square root of the distance from the tip. The stress intensity factors are determined by comparison of the displacements in the special elements, by a method of virtual crack extensions, and, in one case, by an integral around the tip. With meshes containing between 50 and 100 quadratic isoparametric elements, results accurate to within 1 per cent or 4 per cent (depending on case) of known solutions are demonstrated.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 289-307 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Two aspects of the finite element analysis of mid-plane symmetrically laminated anisotropic plates are considered in this paper. The first pertains to exploiting the symmetries exhibited by anisotropic plates in their analysis. The second aspect pertains to the effects of anisotropy and shear deformation on the accuracy and convergence of shear-flexible displacement finite element models. Numerical results are presented which show the effects of increasing the order of approximating polynomials and of using derivatives of generalized displacements as nodal parameters.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1-2 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 39-52 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: This paper presents an algorithm for optimal design of elastic structures, subjected to dynamic loads. Finite element, modal analysis and a generalized steepest descent method are employed in developing a computational algorithm. Structural weight is minimized subject to constraints on displacement, stress, structural frequency, and member size. Optimum results for several example problems are presented and compared with those available in the literature.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 99-106 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A complex quadratic eigenvalue problem of order n (n = 20, 30, 40,…) encountered in an investigation of pipe flow was reduced to that of computing the eigenvalues of either a real or a complex matrix of order 2n, depending on the linearization technique used. To get satisfactory results using the CDC 6000 series computer, double-precision versions of certain widely used and highly regarded eigenvalue subroutines were required. Although the modified subroutines used for the real matrix computations required less core than those used for the complex matrix, the calculation time was not significantly faster than that for the complex matrix. The use of ‘balancing’ subroutines merits further investigation.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 169-174 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 499-520 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper presents the theoretical and computational procedures which have been applied in the design of a general purpose computer code for static and dynamic response analysis of non-linear structures. A general formulation of the incremental equations of motion for structures undergoing large displacement finite strain deformation is first presented. These equations are based on the Lagrangian frame of reference, in which constitutive models of a variety of types may be introduced. The incremental equations are linearized for computational purposes, and the linearized equations are discretized using isoparametric finite element formulation. Computational techniques, including step-by-step and iterative procedures, for the solution of non-linear equations are discussed, and an acceleration scheme for improving convergence in constant stiffness iteration is reviewed. The equations of motion are integrated using Newmark's generalized operator, and an algorithm with optional iteration is described. A solution strategy defined in terms of a number of solution parameters is implemented in the computer program so that several solution schemes can be obtained by assigning appropriate values to the parameters. The results of analysis of a few non-linear structures are briefly discussed.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 563-577 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The finite element method is applied to the analysis of a two-dimensional steady flow around a box girder in uniform flow. The local potential principle for an incompressible viscous fluid flow is introduced as a basis for establishing finite element models and a determination is made as to whether or not approximate solutions obtained by the use of the principle give upper or lower bounds of the solution. The boundaries are set so as to be appropriately far from the girder and the velocities are specified at the upstream, upper boundary and the lower boundary and the total stresses are specified at the downstream boundary. The system of non-linear equations is solved by the standard Newton-Raphson method. Integrating the pressures and viscous stresses acting on the surface of the girder, the coefficients of drag, lift and pitching moment are numerically obtained for some Reynolds numbers. The wind tunnel test has been the only means to determine these coefficients for a body with irregular shape. The finite element method presents a new powerful procedure to determine these coefficients.
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  • 182
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 604-604 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 183
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 607-607 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 184
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 604-605 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 185
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 641-652 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a new discrete (point-matching) least squares method for solving general, non-linear boundary value problems. The technique uses a mixed formulation and minimizes the sum of squared residuals by Powell's (1965) algorithm. The present method is compared with finite difference and weighted residual finite element methods in the examples and discussion. It shows considerable promise as a general differential equation solver for both large and small computer systems.
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  • 186
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 683-708 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A strategy for solving problems involving simultaneously occurring large deflections, elastic-plastic material behaviour, and primary creep is described. The incremental procedure involves a double iteration loop at each load level or time. In the inner loop the material properties are held constant and the non-linear equilibrium equations are solved by the Newton-Raphson method. These equations are formulated in terms of the tangent stiffness. In the outer loop the plastic and creep strains are determined and the tangent stiffness properties are updated with use of a subincremental algorithm. The magnitude of each time subincrement is determined such that the change in effective stress is less than a preset percentage of the effective stress. The strategy is implemented in a computer program, BOSOR 5, for the analysis of shells of revolution. Examples are given of elastic-plastic deformations of a centrally loaded flat plate and elastic-plastic-creep deformations of a beam in bending. The major benefits of the subincremental technique are the increased reliability with which problems involving non-linear plastic and time-dependent material behaviour can be solved and the greatly relaxed requirement on the number of load or time increments needed for satisfactory results.
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  • 187
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 753-755 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: High order finite elements often exhibit an oscillatory behaviour near stress singularities which appears similar to the Gibbs phenomenon in the theory of Fourier series. It is known that under certain conditions the average of successive partial sums (the first Cesaro sum) of a Fourier series exhibiting the Gibbs phenomenon will converge monotonically to the function being approximated. An analogous device introduced for high order finite element approximations near a stress singularity successfully smooths the oscillations of the computed stress.
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  • 188
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 768-768 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 189
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 553-561 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Full limit analysis is preseted of a thin plate under plane stress, perforated with circular holes arranged in a regular penetration pattern. The material is assumed to be elastic-perfectly plastic and to obey the Huber-Mises yield condition together with its associated flow law. The finite element tangential stiffness method is employed. Triangular constant-strain elements are used, the load being generated by means of constant edge displacements at the periphery of a suitably selected subregion. Load-displacement diagrams are obtained for various edge displacement programs and then an interaction curve is constructed for the perforated plate considered. Each computational step is associated with a certain plastic zone which develops until the limit state configuration is reached. The plate is provided with equilateral triangular configuration of holes with arbitrary cutout coefficients. The interaction curves are plotted against the Huber-Mises yield condition for the plate without openings.
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  • 190
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1055-1055 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 191
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1059-1065 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The stiff equations resulting from the finite element discretization of the heat conduction equation are very susceptible to Crank-Nicolson noise. This paper shows that the forcing function can be turned on (or the surface temperature raised to a steady value) in such a way as to make the noise produced by it considerably reduced by making it proportional to 1-e -βt.
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  • 192
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 833-849 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Presented in this paper is a direct method of analysis of the elastic non-linear behaviour of frames. Emphasis is given to the method's capability of tracing the post-buckling path from a bifurcation point although the method can also trace the non-linear behaviour of frames with eccentricities. The method is proposed as an alternative to the main methods currently in use, the perturbation method and the incremental method. Conditions for equilibrium and stability are developed from a variational approach to the total potential. A finite element approximation is made and an efficient solution technique for the resulting non-linear equations is developed.Results for three frames are given demonstrating good agreement with solutions generated from other approaches.
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  • 193
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 897-900 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 194
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1198-1198 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 195
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1225-1233 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element formulation is described for problems with solution functions known to have local rλ variation (s), 0〈λ〈1, and thus singular gradients. Special 3-node triangular elements encircle the singularity and focus to share a common node at the singular point. The shape function of each triangle has the appropriate r λ mode and a smooth angular mode expressed in element natural co-ordinates. As with standard elements, the unknowns are the nodal values of the function. Even if the precise angular form of the asymptotic solution is known, the formulation makes no attempt to embed it, but instead piecewise approximates it. This allows assembly of the element coefficient matrix using standard procedures without nodeless variables and bandwidth complications.The conditions of continuity, low order solution capability, and accurate numerical integration of the singularity element are discussed with a view towards establishing the general range of applicability of the formulation. Numerical applications to the elastic fracture mechanics problems of composite bondline cracking and crack branching are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 196
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1291-1306 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A stiffness matrix is derived for a rectangular orthotropic sandwich plate element with thick faces by the assumed stress hybrid approach.It will be demonstrated that an independent polynomial can be used for the internal forces of the sandwich plate by the membrane theory (assumption of thin faces) and also for the additional moments and shear forces of the faces.The boundary displacements are approached solutions of the homogeneous differential equation of a sandwich beam.
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  • 197
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1334-1339 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method is proposed for making overly stiff elements more flexible. The central idea is quite simple and is illustrated by application to a sample element, whose behaviour is greatly improved. The effort needed to soften an element is very small if its stiffness matrix is naturally produced with reference to generalized co-ordinates before a final transformation to nodal displacement degrees-of-freedom.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1439-1454 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical scheme with a high degree of accuracy has been developed for the full Navier-Stokes equations. The method utilizes the multi-mesh points for space and time derivatives in order to improve the truncation error. Whereas the existing numerical method employing the finite difference scheme, e.g. the explicit, pure implicit, Crank-Nicolson, and DuFort-Frankel schemes, has the truncation errors of the order (Δx)2, Δx being the spatial mesh length, the one for the present method is generally of the order (Δx)3. A numerical example is shown for a natural convection flow in a square box and the results are compared with those of Cormack et al. One order of magnitude reduction of the computing time for a constant degree of accuracy was attained for the two-dimensional problems. Furthermore, a two order of magnitude reduction is to be expected when the method is applied for the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1484-1485 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1343-1343 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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