Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of sympathetic activation during prolonged physical exercise in dogs (1983)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 399 (1983), S. 63-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Exercise ; Noradrenaline ; Glucose ; Fructose ; Insulin ; Hepatic glucoreceptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It seems likely that depletion of body carbohydrates may account for the rise in the sympathetic activity during prolonged exercise, since glucose given during or before exercise reduces the increase in plasma catecholamines. The aim of the present study was to find out whether the increase in plasma noradrenaline (NA) in response to exercise can be reduced by 1. increasing of the amount of carbohydrate available for metabolism without producing hyperinsulinemia and 2. by inhibition of afferent activity from hepatic glucoreceptors. The study was performed on dogs which exercised whilst receiving either the intravenous fructose infusion (2.2 mmol/min) or a slow glucose infusion (0.25 mmol/min) which was given either via the portal or a peripheral vein. Fructose infusion reduced the muscle glycogen depletion during exercise and reduced the increase in plasma NA and glycerol concentrations without altering the blood glucose or insulin levels. The exercise-induced increases in plasma NA and gycerol concentrations were significantly smaller with intraportal than with peripheral glucose infusion but there were no differences between these two cases in the concentration of glucose in the systemic circulation. These findings indicate that the reduction of the plasma NA response to physical effort under conditions of increased carbohydrate availability cannot be attributed to the inhibitory effect of insulin on sympathetic activity and provide evidence for the participation of hepatic glucoreceptors in the control of the sympathetic activity during exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652523
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma insulin levels andβ-adrenoceptor antagonists. Relevance of the steric configuration ofβ-adrenoceptor antagonists to their effect on glucose tolerance (1983)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 324 (1983), S. 46-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: β-Adrenoceptor antagonists ; (+)- and (−)-Configuration ; Membrane stabilizing activity ; Glucose tolerance test ; Insulin ; Glucose ; Insulin-glucagon ration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relevance of the steric configuration to the effects of two non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonists without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (+)- and (−)-bupranolol (10 and 50 μg/kg i.v.) and (+)- and (−)-propranolol (100 and 500 μg/kg i.v.) on the i.v. glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) were investigated in conscious, normoglycemic dogs. The effects of the β-adrenoceptor antagonists on plasma glucose, and insulin levels and insulin-glucagon ratio following IVGTT were evaluated by calculating the respective areas under the curve (AUC). The AUC values for plasma glucose were significantly increased by the (−)-configuration of both β-adrenoceptor antagonists. In the (+)-configuration only propranolol (500 μg/kg i.v.) increased the AUC value for plasma glucose significantly. The AUC values for plasma insulin and also for the plasma insulinglucagon ratio were significantly decreased by (−)-propranolol (500 μg/kg i.v.) and by (−)-bupranolol (10 and 50 μg/kg i.v.). Thus the impairment of glucose tolerance, due to suppression of the plasma insulin level, depends mainly on the β-adrenoceptor antagonistic activity of the (−)-configuration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00647837
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of rat growth plate proteoglycans in diabetes and malnutrition (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 237-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Diabetes ; Malnutrition ; Insulin ; Growth plate ; Proteoglycans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Insulin is an important growth factor in man and mammals. In the present investigation, we have studied the incorporation of (35S)-sulfate into growth plate proteoglycans in normal, diabetic, insulin-treated diabetic, and marasmic rats. We found that diabetes leads to an all-but-total stop in the synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The glycosaminoglycan chains actually synthesized were shorter than in normal rats. The proteoglycan monomers were smaller and did not form large aggregatesin vitro. Marasmic rats and insulintreated diabetic rats were intermediate between normal and diabetic rats with respect to sulfate uptake by cartilage, incorporation of cartilage sulfate into glycosaminoglycans, and the chain length of glycosaminoglycans. We conclude that insulin and nutrition play important but different roles in the biosynthesis of growth plate proteoglycans and thus for the longitudinal growth of skeletal bones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405037
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum levels of true insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin in peripheral blood of patients with cirrhosis (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 506-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; cirrhosis ; C-peptide ; proinsulin ; oral glucose tolerance test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The levels of proinsulin, immunoreactive insulin, true insulin (calculated from the difference, namely immunoreactive insulin-proinsulin) and C-peptide were determined in the fasting state and during a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test after administration of 100 g of glucose in 12 patients with cirrhosis with normal oral glucose tolerance test (50 g) and in 12 healthy subjects serving as controls. In the patients with cirrhosis the serum levels of proinsulin and immunoreactive insulin were significantly higher in the fasting state and after glucose loading than in the healthy subjects. The serum level of true insulin was also higher in the patients with cirrhosis, but the difference was less pronounced and only significant at a few of the time points. The serum level of C-peptide was very similar in both groups. These results emphasize that cirrhosis is a condition in which the serum proinsulin level is raised and that this hyperproinsulinaemia contributes greatly to the increased immunoreactive insulin levels observed in patients with this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00284460
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of insulin on human erythrocyte membrane fluidity in diabetes mellitus (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 311-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; erythrocyte membrane ; lateral mobility ; Type I diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of insulin in vitro on the fluidity of the human erythrocyte membrane in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients and healthy control subjects was investigated using a fluorescence technique. It was found that the addition of 10-9 mol/l porcine insulin significantly increased fluorescent probe lateral mobility in the membrane lipid layer but did not appear to produce any conformational changes of membrane proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251814
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin-counteracting hormones: Their impact on glucose metabolism (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 74-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; growth hormone ; cortisol ; glucagon ; catecholamines ; adrenaline ; somatostatin ; thyroid hormones ; insulin resistance ; prolactin ; calcitonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297384
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of pulsatile insulin secretion in man (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 231-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; Type 2 diabetes ; oscillations ; pulsations ; man ; vagotomy ; pacemaker ; atropine ; naloxone ; phentolamine ; propranolol ; glucose ; tolbutamide ; sodium salicylate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma insulin and glucose concentrations were examined in man in a basal state from central venous samples taken at 1-min intervals for up to 2.5 h. Normal subjects have insulin oscillations of mean period 14 min (significant autocorrelation, p 〈 0.0001) with changes in concentration of 40% over 7 min. The pulsation frequency was stable through cholinergic, endorphin, α-adrenergic or β-adrenergic blockade, or small pertubations with glucose or insulin. Stimulation of insulin secretion by intravenous glucose, tolbutamide or sodium salicylate increased the amplitude of the insulin oscillations while the frequency remained stable. Patients with a truncal vagotomy or after Whipple's operation had longer-term oscillations of 33 and 37 min periodicity (autocorrelation: p 〈 0.0001), with insulin-associated glucose swings four times larger than those of normal subjects. Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients had a similarly increased insulin-associated glucose swing of six times that seen in normal subjects. The hypothesis is proposed that the 14-min cycle of insulin production is controlled by a ‘pacemaker’ which assists glucose homeostasis. The longer 33–37-min oscillations, seen in those with denervation, may arise from a limit-cycle of the feedback loop between insulin from the B cells and glucose from the liver. The vagus may provide hierarchical control of insulin release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282705
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin antibody determination: Theoretical and practical considerations (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 399-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; insulin antibody ; immunogenicity ; immunoglobulins ; radio-labelled insulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion The immunogenicity of insulin preparations is of both academic and clinical interest. The links between insulin antibodies and insulin allergy, some forms of insulin resistance and injection site lipoatrophy are well-established, but other more subtle metabolic effects require further examination. Contamination with impurities (e.g. proinsulin) has been a major factor in the immunogenicity of conventional bovine insulin preparations but the less frequent, although still detectable, immunogenicity of highly purified porcine and human preparations remains enigmatic. Further work is required to analyse the physico-chemical factors involved, while the genetic control of the immune response to insulin is of fundamental interest. In order to facilitate comparative studies of different insulin preparations and data translation between different laboratories, it is essential that efforts be made to introduce some elements of standardisation in assay techniques, reporting of results and assessment of precision, accuracy and sensitivity. International collaborative laboratory studies have been successful in various other areas of clinical research relevant to diabetes, notably the series of HLA workshops [53] and comparisons of the radioimmunoassay and bioassay of insulin [54, 55] and the radioimmunoassay of C-peptide [56]. It is hoped that present efforts to achieve successful collaboration for insulin antibody determination will harmonise the diverse approaches to the problems which continue to surround the immunogenicity of insulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257336
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin-like growth factors stimulate synthesis of nucleic acids and glycogen in cultured calvaria cells (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 578-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Rat calvaria ; Osteoblast-like cells ; Insulin-like growth factors ; Insulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A (sub)population of cells obtained from newborn rat calvaria by (sequential) collagenase digestion is grown to confluence in serum-containing medium. These cells are osteoblast-like with respect to high alkaline phosphatase activity and marked responsiveness (cAMP) to parathormone. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) enhance net incorporation of the labeled precursors thymidine, uridine, and glucose into the respective macromolecules DNA, RNA, and glycogen. Human IGF I is five times as potent as IGF II in evoking these anabolic responses in cultured rat calvaria cells. In contrast to insulin, the factors are effective in concentrations in which they are present in serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405097
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatostatinoma syndrome. Clinical, morphological and metabolic features and therapeutic aspects (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 681-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Somatostatin ; Insulin ; C-peptide ; Diabetes ; Pituitary function ; Gastric acid secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of somatostatinoma syndrome in a 30-year-old woman is presented. Basal levels of growth hormone and of pancreatic and gastric hormones were reduced and the response of growth hormone, insulin and C-peptide to stimuli such as arginine, glucose, glibenclamide and calcium was virtually abolished. Similarly, gastric acid secretion, pancreatic exocrine function and intestinal absorption were significantly reduced. On the other hand, basal and stimulated levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were within the normal range. Plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was increased to 600 2,000 pg/ml (normal: 88–140 pg/ml). Immunocytochemical studies demonstrated the presence of somatostatin immunoreactive material in the primary tumour in the head of the pancreas and in the liver metastases. In spite of two courses of chemotherapy with streptozotocin and 5-fluorouracil the patient died due to liver failure 5 months after the first admission to hospital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01487613
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Greater serum GH response to arm than to leg exercise performed at equivalent oxygen uptake (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 52 (1983), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Growth hormone ; Noradrenaline ; Insulin ; Physical exercise ; Metabolic receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to provide information concerning the mechanism of exercise-induced stimulation of growth hormone (GH) release in human subjects. For this reason serum GH as well as some hemodynamic variables and blood concentrations of noradrenaline (NA), insulin (IRI), lactate (LA), glucose (BG), and free fatty acids (FFA) were determined in seven healthy male subjects exercising on a bicycle ergometer with arms or legs and running on a treadmill at equivalent oxygen consumption levels. Significantly greater increases in serum GH concentration accompanied arm exercises than those observed during the leg exercises. This was accompanied by greater increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma NA and blood lactate concentrations. Serum IRI decreased during both leg exercises and did not change during the arm exercise. There were no differences in BG and plasma FFA concentrations between the three types of exercise. The role of humoral and neural signals responsible for the greater GH response to arm exercise is discussed. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that neural afferent signals sent by muscle “metabolic receptors” participate in the activation of GH release during physical exercise. It seems likely that the stimulation of these chemoreceptors is more pronounced when smaller muscle groups are engaged at a given work load. However, a contribution of efferent impulses derived from the brain motor centres to the control system of GH secretion during exercise is also possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429040
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of high carbohydrate diet on plasma glucose and insulin of trained subjects (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 50 (1983), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Carbohydrate loading ; Exercise ; Long distance running ; Insulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In previous studies we have shown that when endurance athletes refrain from daily exercise for three days, they rapidly loose their enhanced insulin sensitivity. This finding suggests that a precompetitive highrbohydrate diet with reduced training might alter plasma glucose and insulin regulation. To test this hypothesis, six long distance runners were recruted to participate in a five-day experiment. During the first two days, the subjects fasted while running 16 km d−1. Thereafter, they consumed 16.3 MJ (3900 kcal) and 539 g carbohydrate per day for three days while remaining inactive. Before and after each portion of this experiment, an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed in fasting state. As expected, fasting with exercise induced a considerable deterioration of glucose tolerance, as reflected by lower K value and higher total area glucose during IVGTT. The high carbohydrate refeeding restored glucose tolerance to a level comparable to that observed when subjects maintain their usual life habits. However, while a decrease in insulin sensitivity is observed in subjects inactive for three days, the insulin sparing effect of exercise training is retained if this period of inactivity is preceeded by two days of fast accompanied by exercise. These results show that glucose disposal and insulin response to glucose injection are not adversely modified by the precompetitive “glycogen loadingℝ procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422154
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The duct-ligated pancreas transplant and its effect on the islet cellular composition of the host pancreas (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 231 (1983), S. 205-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Insulin ; Glucagon ; Pancreatic polypeptide ; Diabetes mellitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rats rendered diabetic by streptozotocin were subjected to pancreas transplantation. After twenty weeks, the duct-ligated pancreas transplant was studied morphometrically to determine the effect of duct occlusion on the various cell populations of the islets. Concomitantly, the streptozotocin-treated host pancreas was examined for a possible influence of the graft on the diabetic pattern of islet cell population. Twenty weeks after pancreas transplantation, the volume fractions of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide cells in the graft islets did not differ from those of the normal control pancreas. In the pancreas of nontransplanted diabetic rats, insulin-positive B cells were reduced from 60–65% to less than 10% of the islet volume, whereas non-B cells were significantly increased in volume density. The changes in fractional volume of the various islet cells correlated fairly well with changes in plasma concentration of the corresponding pancreas hormones. In the recipient's own pancreas, the relative volumes of glucagon and somatostatin cells were unaffected by the pancreas transplant. However, the insulin cell mass was significantly increased, and comprised about 20% of the islet volume, while cells containing pancreatic polypeptide were found only sporadically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215787
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...