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  • 1985-1989  (675)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1989  (675)
  • Engineering General  (536)
  • Genetics  (139)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cocaine produces low dose locomotor depressant effects in mice (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 99 (1989), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Locomotor activity ; CNS depression ; Cocaine ; Mice ; Behavior ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cocaine produces several behavioral effects, most notably locomotor stimulation. Biochemically, cocaine is known to inhibit reuptake at the three monoamine transporter sites, and may have highest affinity at the serotonin transporter. Serotonin augmentation has been associated with decreases in behavioral activity, but cocaine has not been reported to produce behavioral depressant effects except at high doses which cause stereotypy and disruption of behavior. This study examined the effects of relatively low doses of cocaine, in the range of 0.1–10 mg/kg, on locomotor activity in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice. A biphasic dose-response curve was seen for both strains. At the lowest doses, activity was depressed. As the dose of cocaine increased, activity returned to baseline, and at the highest doses, increases in locomotor activity were found. DBA/2J mice were depressed at a lower dose of cocaine than were C57BL/6J mice; however, C57BL/6J mice showed locomotor depression over a broader range of doses. Activity was maximally depressed at 0.1 mg/kg for DBA/2J mice, and maximally depressed at 0.3 mg/kg for C57BL/6J mice. Thus, low doses of cocaine are shown to produce significant decreases in locomotor activity in two strains of mice. It is postulated that these low doses of cocaine which depress locomotor activity do so via inhibition of serotonin uptake, resulting in potentiation of serotonergic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442799
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Convulsant properties of GABA antagonists and anticonvulsant properties of ethanol in selectively bred Long- and Short-Sleep mice (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 98 (1989), S. 544-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ethanol ; Bicuculline ; Picrotoxin ; Seizures ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The convulsant potency of bicuculline, a GABA antagonist, was shown to be greater in Short-Sleep (SS) mice than in Long-Sleep (LS) mice. LS mice, selectively bred for lengthy ethanol-induced narcosis, had longer latencies to myoclonus and clonus following administration of bicuculline and picrotoxin than did ethanol-resistant SS mice. SS mice were also more susceptible to pentylenetetrazol-induced myoclonus, but not clonus. F1 hybrids showed bicuculline seizure sensitivity intermediate to the two parent lines. Ethanol weakly inhibited bicuculline-induced myoclonus in both LS and SS mice. Clonus was clearly antagonized by ethanol in both lines, but to a similar degree. These data provide evidence for a GABAergic role in geno-type-dependent sensitivity to ethanol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441957
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genotype-dependent effects of GABAergic agents on sedative properties of ethanol (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 98 (1989), S. 518-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ethanol ; GABA ; Bicuculline ; Sedation ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two lines of mice, selectively bred for differential sensitivity to the soporific effects of ethanol (ETOH), were administered GABAergic drugs in an effort to evaluate a role for GABA in ETOH sensitivity. ETOH sensitive Long-Sleep mice (LS) showed potentiated ETOH sedation when administered bicuculline, muscimol and aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA). ETOH-insensitive SS mice exhibited reduced ETOH sedation in the presence of the antagonists, bicuculline and picrotoxin, and potentiated sedation in the presence of muscimol and AOAA. These changes in narcosis duration were interpreted as central effects, since blood ethanol levels at waking from ETOH sedation varied with GABAergic drug treatment. Picrotoxin antagonized pentobarbital-induced nacrosis in both lines, but to a greater extent in SS mice. These and other experiments with a genetically heterogeneous stock suggest GABA involvement in genotype-dependent ETOH sensitivity, but do not support a simple role of GABA receptor involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441952
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of ethanol effects by bicuculline: genotype-dependent responses and inheritance (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 98 (1989), S. 549-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ethanol (ETOH) ; GABA ; Bicuculline ; Sedation ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Genetic influences on the interaction between ethanol (ETOH) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter systems were eveluated with a survey of responses to coadministration of ETOH and a GABA antagonist, bicuculline, in a battery of inbred mouse strains. The selectively bred ETOH-sensitive Long-Sleep (LS) mice, the relatively ETOH-resistant Short-Sleep (SS) mice, and a genetically heterogeneous stock (GHS) were also evaluated. The effect of bicuculline on ETOH-induced sedation, hypothermia, and blood ethanol content upon recovery from sedation was assessed. Inheritance of these responses was also examined using F1 hybrids. The effect of bicuculline on ETOH-produced narcosis varied widely among stocks and included antagonism, potentiation, and no effect. Changes in ETOH-induced narcosis produced by bicuculline were accompanied by changes in blood ethanol concentrations consistent with an hypothesis of altered central nervous system sensitivity to ETOH. Knowledge of a strain's seizure susceptibility to the GABA antagonist or of its sensitivity to the hypnotic effects of ETOH were of no predictive value in estimating the outcome of coadministration studies, suggesting at least partially separate genetic influences on each phenotype. In cross-breeding studies there was commonly dominance toward a profile of bicuculline antagonism of ETOH narcosis but different patterns of dominance were observed for seizure susceptibility, again inicating separate genetic control. The results suggest considerable complexity of GABAergic involvement in genotype-dependent ETOH sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441958
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimising visual selection in early clonal generations of potato based on genetic and economic considerations (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 665-671 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; Genetics ; Breeding ; Plant appearance ; Economy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In 1985, 1986 and 1987, 600 clones were visually assessed at harvest on plant appearance. The clones were harvested 80 days after planting in the first year, in the following years after approximately 80 days as well as after 145 days. The correlation coefficients between years and between harvest times were low to medium. Simulating different selection intensities using the performance of these 600 clones in two successive years, the relation between selection pressure in the first year and the retained proportion of well performing clones in the second year was described. Including the costs of testing, the most economic selection procedure was calculated. This procedure consisted in testing 1,579 first-year clones and 499 second-year clones for every 100 third-year clones required. The optimal period of the main evaluation in the second clonal year is at ware potato harvest time. This selection procedure also provides good selection possibilities for underwater weight and foliage maturity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262562
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population biology of two land snails (Mesomphix spp.): variation among six southern appalachian sites with differing disturbance histories (1989)
    Springer
    Oecologia 79 (1989), S. 372-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Logging disturbance ; Land gastropods ; Ecology ; Genetics ; Population
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Ecological and genetic properties of two North American terrestrial gastropods (Mesomphix spp.) were characterized in paired control and previously logged watersheds in two North Carolina forests (Coweeta and the Great Smoky Mountains National Park) of the Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve Cluster. Shell growth was greater in the control sites, but density and mortality were largely independent of prior logging history and forest reserve. Based on starch gel electrophoresis data, both species showed their highest levels of genetic diversity in the Coweeta forest, the component of the reserve cluster which had the most extensive and variable history of logging disturbance. M. subplanus also exhibited higher levels of heterozygosity in logged than in control watersheds, and M. andrewsae showed over twice as many rare alleles in disturbed sites as in control sites. F-statistic analysis depicted both excess levels of homozygosity and moderate genetic differentiation among the populations, reflecting the effects of small population size and perhaps drift and inbreeding. Estimated gene flow was relatively low. These results correspond to the recent finding by Bryant et al. (1987) and others on the effects of bottlenecks, and to the contrasting history of habitat instability of the two major study forests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384317
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genetic predisposition to fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Genetics ; insulin gene ; DQβ gene ; fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (previously known as tropical pancreatic diabetes) is a rare cause of diabetes confined to countries within the tropical belt. The aetiology of fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes is thought to be environmental although the agent(s) is unknown. We have investigated a possible genetic basis of this disease by looking for restriction fragment length polymorphisms of genes implicated in the aetiology of diabetes mellitus. Seventy-six Dravidian patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes were studied, and the restriction fragment length polymorphisms obtained compared to racially matched control subjects (n=94), patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes (n=87) and Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (n=58). No association of fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes was found with restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the insulin receptor gene. Although no association of fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes was found with polymorphism of the HLA DRα/DQα/DXα genes, an association was found with the Taq 1 restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the DQβ gene (DQβ T2/T6 present in 39% of patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes compared to 19% in control subjects; p=0.01; corrected p value=0.04) which is similar to that found in Type 1 but not Type 2 diabetes. An association of fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes was also found with the hypervariable region in the 5-prime flanking region of the insulin gene; 40% of patients possessed the class 3 allele compared to 9.5% of control subjects p=0.0001; corrected p value=0.0008). In Type 2 diabetes, similar results were obtained with 33% subjects possessing the class 3 allele (p value compared to control subjects=0.0005; corrected p value=0.004). This study suggests that fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes has a genetic component in its aetiology. Furthermore, its origin might be related to an individual with part of the genetic predisposition to diabetes (Type 1 or Type 2) who additionally has evidence of chronic calcific pancreatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265403
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homology and distribution of CO dehydrogenase structural genes in carboxydotrophic bacteria (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 152 (1989), S. 335-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Carboxydotrophic bacteria ; Plasmids ; CO dehydrogenase subunits ; N-terminal sequences ; Oligonucleotides ; Hybridization ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The 17 (S), 30 (M) and 87 kDa (L) subunits of CO dehydrogenases from the CO-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena and Pseudomonas carboxydovorans OM5 were isolated and purified. The N-terminal sequences of same subunits from different bacteria showed distinct homologies. Dot blot hybridization employing oligonucleotide probes derived from the sequences of the S-subunit of P. carboxydovorans OM5 and the M-subunit of P. carboxydohydrogena and DNA of the plasmid-containing CO-oxidizing bacteria Alcaligenes carboxydus, Azomonas B1, P. carboxydoflava, P. carboxydovorans OM2, OM4 and OM5 indicated that all genes encoding these subunits reside on plasmids. That in P. carboxydovorans OM5 CO dehydrogenase structural genes are located entirely on plasmid pHCG3 was evident from the absence of hybridization employing DNA from the cured mutant strain OM5-12. CO dehydrogenase structural genes could be identified on the chromosome of the plasmid-free bacteria Arthrobacter 11/x, Bacillus schlegelii, P. carboxydohydrogena and P. carboxydovorans OM3. There was no example of a plasmid-harboring carboxydotrophic bacterium that did not carry CO dehydrogenase structural genes on the plasmid. The N-terminal sequences of CO dehydrogenase structural genes were found to be conserved among carboxydotrophic bacteria of distinct taxonomic position, independent of the presence of plasmids. It is discussed whether this might be the consequence of horizontal gene transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425170
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetical control and linkage relationships of isozyme markers in sugar beet (B. vulgaris L.) (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 97-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Sugar beet ; Isozymes ; Genetics ; Linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Five isozyme systems were genetically investigated. The different separation techniques, the developmental expression and the use as marker system in sugar beet genetics and breeding is discussed. Isocitrate dehydrogenase was controlled by two genes. The gene products form inter- as well as intralocus dimers, even with the gene products of the Icd gene in B. procumbens and B. patellaris. Adenylate kinase was controlled by one gene. Three different allelic forms were detected, which were active as monomeric proteins. Glucose phosphate isomerase showed two zones of activity. One zone was polymorphic. Three allelic variants, active as dimers, were found. Phosphoglucomutase also showed two major zones of activity. One zone was polymorphic and coded for monomeric enzymes. Two allelic forms were found in the accessions studied. The cathodal peroxidase system was controlled by two independent genes, of which only one was polymorphic. The gene products are active as monomers. Linkage was found between red hypocotyl color (R) and Icd 2. Pgm 1, Gpi 2, Ak 1 and the Icd 2-R linkage group segregated independently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00299761
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The apolipoprotein multigene family: Structure, expression, evolution, and molecular genetics (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 225-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Atherosclerosis ; Apolipoprotein ; Gene expression ; Genetics ; Evolution ; Gene duplication ; Lipid binding ; DNA polymorphism ; Hypercholesterolemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma apolipoproteins can be classified into two subgroups: the soluble apolipoproteins including apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, A-II, A-IV, C-I, C-II, C-III, and E, and the apoBs including apoB-100 and apoB-48. The soluble apolipoproteins have very similar genomic structures, each having a total of three introns at the same locations; apoA-IV is an exception in that it has lost its first intron. Using the exon/intron junctions as reference points, we can obtain an alignment of the coding regions of all the soluble apolipoprotein genes. The mature peptide regions of the genes are almost completely made up of tandem repeats of 11 codons. The part of mature peptide region encoded by exon 3 contains a common block of 33 codons, whereas the part encoded by exon 4 contains a much more variable number of internal repeats of 11 codons. On the basis of the degree of homology of the various sequences, and the pattern of the internal repeats in these genes, an evolutionary tree has been proposed for the soluble apolipoprotein genes. ApoB-100 differs considerably from the soluble apolipoproteins. It is the largest apolipoprotein containing 4536 amino acid residues. Two types of internal repeats are identified in apoB-100: amphipathic α-helical repeats and proline-containing repeats with high β-sheet content. The apoB gene contains 29 exons and 28 introns. Its evolutionary relationship to the soluble apolipoprotein genes is unclear. The 3′ end of the apoB gene contains a region of variable number of tandem 12–16-base pair repeats. We have applied the polymerase chain reaction technique to characterize this highly polymorphic locus. The same technique can be used to accurately type other variable number of tandem repeats loci. Finally, apoB-48 was shown to be the product of an RNA editing mechanism involving an intestinal mRNA that has an in-frame UAA stop codon resulting from a C→U change in the codon CAA encoding Gln-2153 in apoB-100 mRNA. Using a molecular approach to apolipoprotein synthesis, structure and genetic analysis, we have generated information important to our understanding of lipoprotein metabolism; we also uncovered unexpected experimental results that are relevant to general cell and molecular biology and molecular evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01717324
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of eye movement dysfunctions in exploring the genetic transmission of schizophrenia (1989)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 239 (1989), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Schizophrenia ; Eye movements ; Genetics ; Twins ; Latent trait
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eye movement dysfunctions have been found in a large number of schizophrenic patients and in about half of their first-degree relatives. The distribution of these traits within the families of schizophrenic patients suggests a model of genetic transmission that fits an autosomal dominant model, which we have called the “genetic latent trait model.” The model, with seven parameters, was fitted to a U.S. population and the model was cross-validated on an independent Norwegian sample. Although the model does not invalidate other, more conventional solutions to the puzzle of schizophrenic transmission, such as multifactorial transmission, the latent trait model does more easily permit linkage studies and therefore will allow refutation or support from the use of molecular genetics techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01739743
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of muscle precursor replication in crush-injured skeletal muscle of Swiss and BALBc mice (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 255 (1989), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Myogenesis ; Muscle regeneration ; Genetics ; Autoradiography ; Tritiated thymidine ; Mouse (Swiss;BALBc)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Muscle precursor replication in Swiss mice, in which muscle regeneration is exceptionally vigorous, was compared with previous data for regeneration in BALBc mice. The tibialis anterior muscles of 23 male and 15 female inbred Swiss SJL/J mice were crush injured, and tritiated thymidine injected into mice at various times after injury to label replicating muscle precursors. Lesion samples were taken 10 days after injury, processed for autoradiography, and grain counts of myotube nuclei analysed. Muscle regeneration was more vigorous in male compared with female Swiss mice, and in both was strikingly greater than that in BALBc mice in which there was extensive fibrous connective tissue throughout the lesions. Autoradiographic analysis showed that muscle precursor replication started at 24 hours in Swiss mice, 6 hours earlier than the onset at 30 hours in BALBc mice. Muscle precursor replication appeared to be more active 96 hours after injury in female Swiss compared with male BALBc and male Swiss mice respectively, although numbers of precursor cells replicating at other times were similar. It is not known whether the slight difference in onset of muscle precursor replication can alone account for the more complete muscle regeneration seen in Swiss mice. Similar studies were carried out in 11 male and 10 female F1 hybrid (SJL/J x BALBc) mice. Analysis of labelled myotube nuclei showed that muscle precursors did not synthesise DNA prior to 30 hours after injury, and regeneration resembled that of the parental BALBc strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224122
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conference diary (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1725-1729 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280718
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling liquid-solid phase changes with melt convection (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1769-1785 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Methods are described for modelling of phase change processes using the finite element method to simulate freezing and melting including convection in the melt. Evaluation of several enthalply/specific heat methods and time marching schemes is also included. Suppression of velocities in the solid region is described, and example problems are given. Comparison is made to simulations performed by other researchers using finite difference methods. Substantially different results were found for one of these problems, and this result is shown to be caused by numerical problems in the earlier work.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280805
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the Ritz method to plane elasticity problems for composite sheets with variable fibre spacing (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1813-1825 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The plane stress problem of a parallel fibre, rectangular composite sheet with variable fibre content is investigated. The resulting sheets are governed by partial differential equations that have variable coefficients, which are generally unsolvable exactly. A Ritz method is used to approximate the solution and is checked against known problems having exact solutions. The method is found to determine closely both the displacements and the stresses with fewer than 200 degrees of freedom. It is then applied to two interesting problems for which no exact solutions exist, including that of uniform normal stress applied in the direction of the fibres.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280808
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The problem of selecting the shape functions for a p-type finite element (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1891-1908 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper addresses the question of the optimal selection of the shape functions for p-type finite elements and discusses the effectivity of the conjugate gradient and multilevel iteration method for solving the corresponding linear system.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280813
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcement (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2466-2466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281017
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281101
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Static non-linear three-dimensional analysis of a riser bundle by a substructuring and incremental finite element algorithm (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2517-2540 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of static, non-linear, large three-dimensional deformation of riser bundles used in offshore oil and gas production is studied within the limits of small strain theory. The mathematical model consists of the models of component-risers and connectors which hold risers together. Each riser is modelled as a thin walled, slender, extensible or inextensible tubular beam-column. It is subject to non-linear three-dimensional deformation dependent hydrodynamic loads, torsion and distributed moments, varying axial tension, and internal and external fluid forces. The problem is solved numerically by developing an algorithm which features substructuring, condensation and non-linear incremental finite elements. Substructuring is used to decompose the riser bundle problem into those of individual component-risers and equilibria of connectors. Condensation is used along with the connector equilibrium equations to produce connector forces and moments. Strong non-linearities present in the model are handled by an incremental finite element approach. Accuracy of the computer code is verified by solving simple three-dimensional cases. Two three-dimensional applications are solved for a bundle with seven component-risers and up to a total of 1267 degrees of freedom. Finally, a comparison is made with numerical results of a two-dimensional analysis code. The influence of problem size on total CPU time is discussed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281104
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mixed-variable continuously deforming finite element method for parabolic evolution problems. Part II: The coupled problem of phase-change in porous media (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2609-2634 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The conceptual framework of a least squares rate variational approach to the formulation of continuously deforming mixed-variable finite element computational scheme for a single evolution equation was presented in Part I.1 In this paper (Part II), we extend these concepts and present an adaptively deforming mixed variable finite element method for solving general two-dimensional transport problems governed by a system of coupled non-linear partial differential evolution equations. In particular, we consider porous media problems that involve coupled heat and mass transport processes that yield steep continuous moving fronts, and abrupt, discontinuous, moving phase-change interfaces. In this method, the potentials, such as the temperature, pressure and species concentration, and the corresponding fluxes, are permitted to jump in value across the phase-change interfaces. The equations, and the jump conditions, governing the physical phenomena, which were specialized from a general multiphase, multiconstituent mixture theory, provided the basis for the development and implementation of a two-dimensional numerical simulator. This simulator can effectively resolve steep continuous fronts (i.e. shock capturing) without oscillations or numerical dispersion, and can accurately represent and track discontinuous fronts (i.e. shock fitting) through adaptive grid deformation and redistribution. The numerical implementation of this simulator and numerical examples that demonstrate the performance of the computational method are presented in Part III2 of this paper.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281109
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    Analysis of the Zienkiewicz-Zhu a-posteriori error estimator in the finite element method (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2161-2174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An a-posteriori error estimator for finite element analysis proposed by Zienkiewicz and Zhu is analysed and shown to be effective and convergent. In addition we analyse wider classes of estimators of which the Zienkiewicz-Zhu estimator is a special case. It is shown that some of these estimators will be asymptotically exact. Numerical evidence is presented supporting the analysis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280912
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    Stress computations for nearly incompressible materials by the p-version of the finite element method (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2175-2190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In the case of nearly incompressible elastic materials the strain energy, the shear stress and the difference of normal stresses can be computed accurately by direct methods when the p-version of the finite element method is used. Computation of the sum of the normal stresses requires special procedures. In this paper such procedures are described and examples are presented.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280913
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    Advanced development of the boundary element method for steady-state heat conduction (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2123-2142 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Considerable progress has been made in recent years toward advancing the state-of-the-art in solid mechanics boundary element technology. In the present work, much of this new technology is applied in the development of a general-purpose boundary element method (BEM) for steady-state heat conduction. In particular, the BEM implementation involves the use of higher-order conforming elements, self-adaptive integration and multi-region capability. Two- and three-dimensional, as well as axisymmetric analyses, are incorporated within a unified framework. In addition, techniques are introduced for the calculation of boundary flux, and for the inclusion of thermal resistance across interfaces. As a final extension, an efficient formulation is developed for the analysis of solid three-dimensional bodies with embedded holes. For this last class of problems, the new BEM formulation is particularly attractive, since use of the alternatives (i.e. finite element or finite difference methods) is not practical. A number of detailed examples illustrate the suitability and robustness of the present approach for steady-state heat conduction.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280910
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281001
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    Error estimates and convergence rates for various incompressible elements (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2191-2202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This note reports numerical experiments on the efficiency of simple error estimates derived earlier1 applied to incompressible mixed or related penalty type formulations. The rate of convergence and performance of various mixed elements is compared. Numerical results from a driven cavity and an incompressible elastic problem demonstrate that the T6B1/3D and T6/3C elements give a faster rate of convergence than the T6/1D element. However, in the case of a plane extrusion analysis (stronger singularity), the rate of convergence for the T6B1/3D element drops and is inferior to that of the T6/1D, while the T6/3C element still proves superior to the other two elements.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280914
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    Error estimates and adaptive refinement for plate bending problems (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2839-2853 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimator is shown to be effective in problems of plate flexure. When used in conjunction with triangular elements and an adaptive mesh generator allowing a prescribed size of elements to be developed, very fast adaptive convergence for results of specified accuracy is achieved.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281209
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    Selective refinement/derefinement algorithms for sequences of nested triangulations (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2889-2906 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The construction of changing sequences of irregular and nested triangulations, based on the use of conforming refinement/derefinement algorithms for triangulations, is presented and discussed. This strategy is particularly appropriate to combine adaptivity and full multigrid algorithms for dealing with moving fronts or fluid dynamics problems. It is shown that the quality of all the triangulations iteratively generated depends only on the geometric characteristics of the initial grid. A data structure suitable to create, manage and modify series of nested triangulations as well as the main features of the DEREF prototype package are described, and numerical examples are given.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281212
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    Tracing the equilibrium path beyond simple critical points (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2923-2941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A unified presentation of some popular continuation procedures used in the non-linear finite element analysis of structural mechanics is introduced. An extension of the elliptical constraint equation proposed by Crisfield is given. It is shown that in the proposed procedure real roots can always be obtained in solving the iterative change of the load parameter. Updated weighting factors are introduced in the constraint equation in order to get better convergence characteristics in the case when localized deformations occur. For bifurcation points a modification of Rheinboldt's branching procedure is presented. Post critical response after limit and bifurcation points is determined in some numerical examples.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281214
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    Numerical modelling of wave-induced currents in a breakwater situation (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 21-35 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical model system is developed to describe waves and wave-induced currents in a breakwater situation, where refraction, diffraction, reflection and wave-current interaction may all play important roles in the transformation of waves. A turbulence transport model is employed to estimate the eddy viscosity, and the friction factors associated with the major variables are clearly defined using a high level closure of combined flow bed friction. The model system is tested against a laboratory situation, and the effects of reflection are demonstrated on the wave-induced currents as well as on the wave distribution.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270104
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    Description of some numerical tools for solving incompressible turbulent and free surface flows (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 3-20 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: During the past ten years various methods have been devised to deal with the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations. In the meantime, different models have been worked out to represent turbulent incompressible flows. At LNH, deep participation in this enthusiastic research is still going on, together with a closely related development of physical modelling and metrology. In this paper, we will give an insight into a set of numerical codes which are now currently in use at our laboratory and some of their main applications to coastal engineering. This will include thermohydraulic internal flows and free surface flows. For each code a short presentation of the algorithm of solution is described.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270103
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    Wave plan computation method in study of the Calvi Bay erosion in Corsica, France (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 71-85 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A study of linear monochromatic wave propagation is presented, based on a theory of potentials. The usual Berkhoff equation has been extended by the addition of partially pervious solid boundary effects and the bed friction.The problem has been solved by a hybrid finite element method including the effect of singular local elements such as the end of breakwaters or wharfs. This numerical method confirms the interest in quadratic Lagrangian finite elements.The comparisons with analytical solutions and existing numerical results show the validity of the method. Some original examples also prove the good performance of the proposed computation method.As an example, the study of the erosion of the beach of Calvi Bay in Corsica, France is presented. The phenomenon had started already in 1960, but the problem began to be very severe four years ago, after the implementation of a new harbour in 1982 and buildings, hotels, restaurants, and a main sewer on the beach. To consider the impact of these constructions and other factors like waves, currents and geomorphological aspects, the studies were divided into four parts: sedimentological, currents, wave propagation and geomorphological.This paper will describe the results of a complete two years study on the site, from February 1986 to December 1987.Findings show that the erosion process is due to the rise of the relative sea level with, as a catalyst, tourist behaviour and the implementation of the new constructions.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270107
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    A unified treatment of superconvergent recovered gradient functions for piecewise linear finite element approximations (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 469-481 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Piecewise linear finite element approximations to two-dimensional Poisson problems are treated. For simplicity, consideration is restricted to problems having Dirichlet boundary conditions and defined on rectangular domains Ω which are partitioned by a uniform triangular mesh. It is also required that the solutions u ∊ H3 (Ω). A method is proposed for recovering the gradients of the finite element approximations to a root mean square accuracy of O(h2), both at element edge mid-points and element vertices, using simple averaging schemes over adjacent elements. Piecewise linear interpolants (respectively discontinuous and continuous) are then fitted to these recovered gradients, and are shown to be O(h2) estimates for ∇u in the L2-norm, and thus superconvergent. A discussion is given of the extension of the results to problems with more general region and mesh geometries, boundary conditions and with solutions of lower regularity, and also to other second-order elliptic boundary value problems, e.g. the problem of planar linear elasticity.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270304
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    A cubic triangular finite element for flat plates with shear (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 109-126 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents the development of a straightforward displacement type triangular finite element for bending of a flat plate with the inclusion of transverse (or lateral) shear effects. The element has twenty two degrees of freedom consisting of ten for the lateral displacement of the midplane and six for rotations of the normal to the undeformed midplane of the plate. The latter are taken as independent of the slopes of the deformed midplane in order to include deformation due to transverse shear. The element is fully conforming and may be orthotropic. At interelement boundaries, the element matches adjacent elements both with respect to lateral displacement of the midplane and the rotations of the normal. The result is an efficient ‘linear moment’ triangular element but with transverse shear deformation included. Numerical computations for a number of examples are presented. The results show the element to be more flexible than most other finite element models and agree closely with those from a numerical solution of the three dimensional elasticity equations. The results also converge to those from thin plate theory when the thickness to length ratio becomes small or when the transverse shear moduli are artificially increased.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280109
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    Letter to the editor (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 237-237 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280116
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    An accelerated iterative method for contact analysis (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 279-293 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An iterative solution procedure for a frictionless contact problem is presented. Convergence to the exact solution is guaranteed by an error reduction method, and the rate of convergence is drastically improved by reduction of the ratio of extreme eigenvalues of the iteration matrix. For an ordinary linear equation, the present technique has the same theoretical value of convergence rate as the Chebyshev acceleration technique. The present acceleration technique can be directly extended for complicated frictional contact problems.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280204
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    A new moving finite element method based on quadratic approximation functions (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 415-430 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Moving finite element methods are adaptive gridding procedures especially designed for systems of partial differential equations whose solutions contain steep gradients. A new moving finite element method based on quadratic approximation functions is presented. Both the theoretical and computational aspects are outlined. Performance of the method is illustrated with solutions to Burgers' equation. The solution is accurate and remarkably smooth in the entire domain.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280211
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    Stress intensity factors by enriched mixed finite elements (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1461-1473 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An enriched finite element model for linear elastic fracture mechanics is developed for a mixed variational statement. The independent approximations for the displacement and stress components are enriched by adding the near-field analytic expressions for a cracked body to the polynomial approximations of a conventional element. This allows for an accurate representation of the stress and displacement fields near the crack tip and also results in the direct calculation of the appropriate stress intensity factors. The accuracy of this formulation is demonstrated through several numerical examples.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280615
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280701
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    Softening and snap-back instability in cohesive solids (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1521-1537 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The nature of the crack and the structure behaviour can range from ductile to brittle, depending on material properties, structure geometry, loading condition and external constraints. The influence of variation in fracture toughness, tensile strength and geometrical size scale is investigated on the basis of the π-theorem of dimensional analysis. Strength and toughness present in fact different physical dimensions and any consistent fracture criterion must describe energy dissipation per unit of volume and per unit of crack area respectively. A cohesive crack model is proposed aiming at describing the size effects of fracture mechanics, i.e. the transition from ductile to brittle structure behaviour by increasing the size scale and keeping the geometrical shape unchanged.For extremely brittle cases (e.g. initially uncracked specimens, large and/or slender structures, low fracture toughness, high tensile strength, etc.) a snap-back instability in the equilibrium path occurs and the load-deflection softening branch assumes a positive slope. Both load and deflection must decrease to obtain a slow and controlled crack propagation (whereas in normal softening only the load must decrease). If the loading process is deflection-controlled, the loading capacity presents a discontinuity with a negative jump. It is proved that such a catastrophic event tends to reproduce the classical LEFM-instability (KI = KIC) for small fracture toughnesses and/or for large structure sizes. In these cases, neither the plastic zone develops nor slow crack growth occurs before unstable crack propagation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280705
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    Eigenproperties of large-scale structures by finite element partitioning and homotopy continuation (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2113-2122 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Finite element partitioning (or substructuring) is employed to estimate the eigenproperties of large-scale structural systems. A homotopy equation is constructed and its solutions are characterized by a number of curves which connect the eigensolutions of the partitions with those of the complete system. A step-by-step tracing procedure is developed to follow these curves. At each step, prediction and correction are performed. The Rayleigh-Ritz procedure and the conjugate gradient method are used as predictor and corrector, respectively. Compared with the sole use of either the Rayleigh-Ritz or gradient methods, the proposed method is more reliable and more efficient for large-scale problems. Numerical implementation is well suited for supercomputers.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280909
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    A finite element model for composite beams undergoing large deflection with arbitrary cross-sectional warpingModified version of a paper presented at the Second International Conference on Basic Rotorcraft Research, February 16-18, 1988, College Park, Maryland, U.S.A. (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2143-2160 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element formulation has been developed to take into account the warping effect of composite beams undergoing large deflection or finite rotation. This formulation is to be used to model combined bending, torsional and extensional behaviour of composite helicopter rotor blades. The new approach can model thin to moderately thick walled composite beams with complicated cross-sections, tapers and arbitrary planforms. The warping effects are incorporated by assuming warping displacements superimposed over cross-sections normal to the beam axis in the deformed configuration of a shear flexible beam. The strain is assumed to vary linearly through the wall thickness. The fixed or total Lagrangian description is adopted in the present formulation and the Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the non-linear equilibrium equation resulting from the finite element approximation. Numerical tests of example problems demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the present approach.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280911
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    A plate bending element based on a generalized laminate plate theory (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2275-2292 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A plate bending element based on the generalized laminate plate theory (GLPT) developed by the senior author is described and its accuracy is investigated by comparison with the exact solutions of the generalized plate theory and the 3D-elasticity theory. The element accounts for transverse shear deformation and layer-wise description of the inplane displacements of the laminate. The element has improved description of the inplane as well as the transverse deformation response. A method for the computation of interlaminar (transverse) stresses is also presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281006
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    Assumed strain formulation for triangular C0 plate elements based on a weak form of the Kirchhoff constraints (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2323-2338 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Application of a weak form of the Kirchhoff constraints in the formulation of triangular assumed shear strain C0 plate element is described. It is shown that, compared to a similar formulation of the quadrilateral elements, formulation of the triangles requires some additional considerations which lead to additional terms in the energy expression. With those terms performance of the assumed shear strain triangular elements is comparable to that of the quadrilateral elements.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281009
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    An implicit integration algorithm with a projection method for viscoplastic constitutive equations (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2397-2421 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Robinson's viscoplastic model, a representative of the so-called overstress models, is integrated by use of the generalized midpoint rule. The solution of the non-linear system of algebraic equations arising from time discretization of the constitutive equations is determined using a projection method in combination with Newton's method. Consistent tangent moduli are calculated and the quadratic convergence of the global Newton equilibrium iteration is shown. The time increment size is controlled by the convergence behaviour of the equilibrium iteration and the accuracy of the numerical integration. Various numerical examples are considered to demonstrate the efficiency of the methods.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281013
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    Multigrid methods: Theory, applications and supercomputing, ed. S. F. McCormick, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1988. Price: $99.75 (U.S.A. and Canada), $119.50 (All other countries). No. of pages: 641 pp (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2711-2711 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281118
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  • 46
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    Efficiency of group implicit concurrent algorithms for transient finite element analysis (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2761-2776 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The performance of group implicit algorithms is assessed on actual concurrent computers. We show that, as the number of subdomains is increased, performance enhancements are derived from two sources: the increased parallelism in the computations; and a reduction in equation solving effort. Moreover, we show that these two performance enhancements are synergistic, in the sense that the corresponding speed-ups are multiplied, rather than merely added. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that, if n is the number of degrees of freedom of the structure, p the number of processors used in the computations, and s ≥ p is the number of subdomains in the partition, the net speed-up is \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ O\left({p\sqrt s} \right) $\end{document} in 2D and O(ps) in 3D, asymptotically as n/s → ∞. In particular, speed-ups with respect to Newmark's method of \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ O\left({p\sqrt s} \right) $\end{document} in 2D and O(s) in 3D are obtained on a single-processor machine. Finally, simulations on a 32-node hypercube are presented for which the interprocessor communication efficiencies obtained are consistently in excess of 90 per cent.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281204
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    Partial hybrid stress element for the analysis of thick laminated composite plates (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2813-2827 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new element - a partial hybrid stress element - is proposed in this paper for the analysis of thick laminated composite plates. The variational principle of this element can be derived from the Hellinger-Reissner principle through dividing six stress components into a flexural part (σx, σy, σxy, σz) and a transverse shear part (τxy, τyz). The element stiffness matrix can be formulated by assuming a stress field only for transverse shear stresses, while all the others are obtained from an assumed displacement field. Consequently, this new element combines the benefits of the conventional displacement method and the hybrid stress method. A twenty-node hexahedron element is employed in each layer for the displacement field. For the assumed transverse shear stress field, only the traction-free boundary conditions and interface traction continuity are satisfied. The equilibrium equation is enforced by the variational principle. Hence, the complicated work of searching an equilibrating stress field for all the six stress components in the hybrid stress method can be avoided. Furthermore, the interlaminar traction discontinuity, especially transverse shear, encountered by the conventional displacement method and higher-order plate element for laminated plate analysis can also be overcome. Examples are illustrated to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of this proposed partial hybrid stress element.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281207
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    Smooth postbuckling stresses by a modified finite element method (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2877-2888 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Exact postbuckling stresses usually vary fairly smoothly. Unfortunately, finite element postbuckling stresses tend to be much less well behaved. The result is that second order postbuckling constants determined by the finite element method may be highly inaccurate. The reason is that in finite element solutions transverse displacements associated with the buckling fields furnish too rapidly varying postbuckling strain contributions, while the postbuckling axial or membrane displacements contribute strain components that are sufficiently smooth, thus creating an internal postbuckling strain and stress mismatch.The present study suggests a modified finite element method that handles the problem, which is a special example of membrane locking, by introducing the postbuckling strains as independent variables. In general, the method provides rather complicated finite element expressions. However, by a suitable choice of interpolating functions, the resulting finite element equations themselves may be found to be the usual ones, and yet provide smooth postbuckling stresses and therefore good values of the postbuckling constants.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281211
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270101
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    Calculation of the force coefficients of a tubular jacket structural member with an appurtenance by the discrete vortex method (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 153-167 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Jacket structures have many sub-sea appurtenances attached to them. For example, a typical jacket structure has hundreds of sacrificial anodes attached to its members. The fluid loading of these structures is calculated using Morison's formula. The force coefficients used in the equation are based on experiments carried out, for the most part, on single cylinders in laboratories in ideal flow. There are very few experimental data available for the fluid loading of cylinders with appurtenances. Moreover, it is not possible to calculate theoretically the loading on such configurations in flows of practical interest using approaches such as the finite element method. However, appurtenances can contribute significantly to the overall loading on a structure. This paper presents the preliminary theoretical work that has been carried out as part of a programme to establish a rational method for estimating the fluid loading on tubular members with appurtenances.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270113
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270201
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    Homogenization and pre-integration techniques for multilayer composite and sandwich finite element models (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 257-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The multilayer degenerated 3-D shell element, for which the stiffness matrix is calculated by numerical integration ply by ply, gives accurate results even for moderately thick composite panels, but needs an important linear and non-linear generation time when the number of plies is high (N 〉 10). In order to reduce this time some pre-integration and homogenization techniques are investigated. Different pre-integration methods have been reviewed and discussed. Then, two new homogenization methods, based on a series expansion of an equivalent Hooke matrix over the thickness, are presented. Next, simple numerical validation tests of these new methods are discussed, indicating necessary further investigations. Finally, a general discussion about the properties of the pre-integration and homogenization techniques tends to define their respective application domain.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270204
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    Composite plate analysis using a new discrete shear triangular finite element (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 343-359 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper deals with the static and dynamic (free vibrations) analysis of plates built up with a symmetric series of orthotropic layers. The formulation of a new simple triangular finite element having three nodes and three degrees of freedom per node is presented. The element called DST (Discrete Shear Triangle) is free of shear locking and has a proper rank. It coincides with DKT (Discrete Kirchhoff Triangle) when the transverse shear effects are negligible. A large number of classical problems is considered to evaluate the performance of the element for the analysis of composite plates. Very satisfactory results are obtained for displacements, stresses and frequencies.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270209
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    On the analysis of the buckling behaviour of laminated composite plates and shells (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 403-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In general, plates and shells out of composite laminates are more susceptible to transverse shear than those out of homogeneous isotropic material. By means of different shear flexible theories the effect on buckling and postbuckling behaviour is studied. It turns out that there is a rather limited range of plates where the transverse shear is of considerable influence. Results obtained with Mindlin- or Reissner-type theories prove almost as adequate as those obtained with Reddy's theory. For the buckling analysis of shells the Kirchhoff-Love theory is precise enough. Snap-through buckling and imperfection sensitivity appear in composite shells, too, especially if they are optimized with respect to high bifurcation buckling loads.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270212
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    Multi-level finite element solution algorithms based on multiplicative and additive correction procedures (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 27-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Owing to the failure of the finite element analyst to employ a properly refined computational model, the accuracy of preliminary finite element computations is often low. Thus, it is useful to introduce a computational procedure for improving the results obtained from a preliminary finite element solution. Such a procedure is presented in this paper. In this procedure the solution error components are decomposed into two parts. One of the error components is assumed to have a long period variation. The other component is assumed to have a short period variation. Multiplicative and additive correction procedures are introduced to iteratively eliminate the two error components. The multiplicative and additive correction procedures are implemented using multi-level solution techniques.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280105
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    Multilevel dynamic substructures (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 181-191 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The dynamic substructure method is extended to multilevel (recursive) substructures. The obvious distinction of the two approaches is that the stiffness and mass matrices before condensation are no longer frequency independent. The dynamic stiffness matrix at any substructure level is proved to be a function of the vibrating frequency in terms of some constant matrices which are derivable from the dynamic stiffness matrix at one lower substructure level. The method can accurately predict more modes than the number of degrees of freedom retained. The computational procedure, the generalized inverse iteration, the stationary principle of the system natural frequency and the generalized Rayleigh's quotient are derived for the frequency dependent matrices. Numerical examples are given to illustrate some engineering applications. A transcendental dynamic stiffness matrix can be transformed to a more convenient algebraic form by the present method.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280113
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    Free-vibration analysis of single-layer and two-layer bimodular beams (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 955-965 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method is presented for determining the natural frequencies and the corresponding mode shapes of isotropic bimodular beams at certain supporting conditions. Although only the lowest three modes of the single-layer and two-layer bimodular beams were studied, in principle, the method may also be used to determine higher-mode natural frequencies and shapes of the multi-layer beams. Numerical analysis shows that the approach is suitable for the free-vibration analysis of clamped/free and hinged/hinged bimodular beams.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280416
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    The finite element method in thermodynamics, by Tai-Ran Hsu, ISBN 004-620013-4, Allen & Unwin, Boston, 1986. No. of pages: 391 + xix (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 980-980 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280420
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  • 59
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    A general finite element for beams or beam-columns with or without an elastic foundation (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1061-1076 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A general finite element is derived for beams or beam-columns with or without a continuous Winkler type elastic foundation. The need to discretize members into shorter elements for convergence towards an ‘exact’ solution is eliminated by employing in the derivation of the element exact shape functions obtained from the equation of the elastic line. Inter-nodal values of deflections, bending moments and shear forces are obtained using the exact shape functions and trigonometric series. The effect of heavy compressive or tensile axial forces on bending stiffness is treated as a linear problem by considering the axial force as a constant parameter affecting the stiffness. FORTRAN subroutines to compute the stiffness matrix, equivalent nodal forces, deflected shape, bending moments and shear forces are provided and verified by an example.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280506
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    Computation of thermal stresses in quasistatic non-stationary thermoelasticity using boundary elements (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1131-1144 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper we present the boundary integral formulation for the solution of quasi-static problems of two-dimensional uncoupled thermoelasticity. A detailed scheme for the numerical solution of the boundary integral equations and computation of internal stresses by regularized integral representation is developed in time formulation. The method is tested in a numerical example.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280510
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    An effective quadrilateral plate bending element (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1145-1160 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An effective arbitrary quadrilateral thin plate bending element with a quasi-conforming, QCQ element, is presented in this paper. The elements pass the patch test with constant strain and the patch test with linear strains approximately. When the element degenerates to a rectangle the patch test with linear strains is passed. The calculation of the element stiffness matrix is simple without numerical integration. The numerical examples show that the QCQ element has a higher accuracy and a faster convergence rate.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280511
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    An efficient 3-D infinite element for water wave diffraction problems (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1371-1387 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An efficient and simple infinite element for modelling the far field potential of water wave diffraction problems is presented. The shape functions in the radial direction comprise the first two terms of the asymptotic expansions of Hankel functions. The integrals with infinite limit for calculating the coefficient matrix have been worked out. Numerical tests on the diffraction by a surface-piercing circular cylinder give surprisingly accurate resultant forces even if the infinite elements are placed very near to the cylinder. Other typical three dimensional examples also show that satisfactory results can be obtained by the use of this simple infinite element. A computer program, WALOAD, has been developed for computing the wave forces on fixed two and three dimensional bodies.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280610
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    Development and applications of two singular points finite elements (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1449-1460 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An element formulation is suggested to obtain variable order singularities simultaneously at the two neighbouring corner nodes of a 4-noded quadrilateral. The element is useful for modelling a kinked crack with small kink length. The accuracy is good and this is obtained at a substantially reduced computational cost. Case studies are presented to illustrate the usefulness and the accuracy obtainable.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280614
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    Non-linear steady state vibration of frames by finite element method (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1599-1618 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method based on the virtual work principle to determine the steady state response of frams in free or forced periodic vibration is introduced. The axial and flexural deformations are coupled by mean of the induced axial force along the element. The spatial discretization of the deformations is achieved by the usual finite element method and the time discretization by Fourier coefficients of the nodal displacements. No unconventional element matrices are needed. After applying the harmonic balance method, a set of non-linear algebraic equations of the Fourier coefficients is obtained. These equations are solved by the Newtonian iteration method in terms of the Fourier coefficient increments. Nodal damping can easily be included by a diagonal damping matrix. The direct numerical determination of the Fourier coefficient increments is difficult owing to the presence of peaks, loops and discontinuities of slope along the amplitude-frequency response curves. Parametric construction of the response curves using the phase difference between the response and excitation is recommended to provide more points during the rapid change of the phase (i.e. at resonance). For undamped natural vibration, the method of selective coefficients adopted.Numerical examples on the Duffing equation, a hinged-hinged beam, a clamped-hinged beam, a ring and a frame are given. For reasonably accurate results, it is shown that the number of finite elements must be sufficient to predict at least the linear mode at the frequency of interest and the number of harmones considered must satisfy the conditions of completeness and balanceability, which are discussed in detail.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280710
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    3-D boundary element method for cracks in a plate (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1703-1713 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: New fundamental solutions which automatically satisfy boundary conditions at the interfaces of an elastic plate perfectly bonded to two elastic halfspaces are implemented in a 3-D boundary element method (BEM) for crack problems. The BEM features a new integration scheme for highly singular kernels. The capability is achieved through a part analytic and part numerical integration procedure, such that the analytic part of the integration is similar for all slip/opening variations, ‘Part-through’ elliptic cracks in an elastic plate with traction-free surfaces are analysed and the stress intensity factor (SIF) values along the crack front are found to compare favourably with widely accepted numerically obtained SIF results by Raju and Newman.1
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280716
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280801
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    Mixed-interpolated elements for Reissner-Mindlin plates (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1787-1801 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We present in this paper a procedure to establish Reissner-Mindlin plate bending elements. The procedure is based on the idea to combine known results on the approximation of Stokes problems with known results on the approximation of elliptic problems. The proposed elements satisfy the mathematical conditions of stability and convergence, and some of them promise to provide efficient elements for practical solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280806
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    Eigensolutions of non-conservative continuous mechanical systems computed by use of a matrix iteration method (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1827-1837 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Two-sided Ostrowski matrix iteration is applied to solve eigenproblems of non-conservative continuous systems in structural dynamics starting from known eigensolutions of a related conservative system. Eigensolution paths are followed as the parameters of the system governing its non-conservative behaviour are increased from zero. No discretization is performed and no truncation errors are introduced. The real eigenvalues of the related conservative problem are calculated by use of the Wittrick-Williams algorithm. The corresponding eigenvectors are obtained with an inverse iteration method using eigenfrequency-dependent trial eigenvectors. Residues of system harmonic transfer functions are computed using the eigenvalues and eigenvectors together with eigenvector normalization constants (modal Foss dampings). These residues are needed in a transient analysis. The method is applied to the generalized Beck column stability problem. Critical loads are calculated. Harmonic flexibilities of subcritically loaded columns in transverse vibration are studied. Applications to control problems are foreseen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280809
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280901
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    An upwind method for solving transport-diffusion-reaction systems (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2021-2039 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A combination of the characteristics method and finite elements techniques is applied to solve a coupled heat transfer-chemical reaction system in the stationary case. The solution of the non-linear discretized system is obtained by using Newton's algorithm. Finally, numerical results for several problems are presented to test the accuracy and stability of the method.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280904
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    A mixed-variable continuously deforming finite element method for parabolic evolution problems. Part I: The variational formulation for a single evolution equation (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2583-2607 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The objective of the research presented here was to develop a generic adaptive computational method for porous media evolution problems that involve coupled heat flow, fluid flow and species transport processes with sharply defined phase-change interfaces.In this paper we examine the general least squares variational approach and develop the conceptual framework for a rate least squares variational formulation of a continuously deforming mixed variable finite element method for solving highly non-linear time-dependent partial differential equations. In Part II of this paper1 we extend the formulation given here for a single evolution equation to a system of coupled evolution equations. In Part III2 we discuss in detail the numerical procedures that were implemented in a computer program and present several numerical examples that demonstrate the performance of this computational method.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281108
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    Status of the finite element method in the thermoforming process (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2681-2693 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this article is to review the publications dealing with the application of finite elements in the thermoforming process. Although no attempt has been made to discuss the theoretical aspects of these publications, their general methodologies have been presented. The paper is particularly aimed at readers who are seeking an overall view of the subject and possibly interested in acquiring a CAD system for thermoforming technology.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281112
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  • 73
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    A FORTRAN program for profile and wavefront reduction (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2651-2679 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A FORTRAN 77 program for reducing the profile and wavefront of a sparse matrix with a symmetric structure is described. The implementation is based on an algorithm published previously by the Author and appears in response to a large number of enquiries for the source code. Extensive testing of the scheme suggests that its performance is consistently superior to that of the widely used reverse Cuthill-McKee and Gibbs-King methods. In addition to presenting a complete listing of the program, we also describe how to interface it with a typical finite element code. The scheme is especially useful in finite element analysis where it can be employed to derive efficient orderings for both profile and frontal solution schemes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281111
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  • 74
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    Elastic plates: Theory and application, Herbert Reismann, Wiley (New York), 1988. 400 pp, £54.20, ISBN 0 471856010 (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2710-2710 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281115
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  • 75
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    Numerical modelling of wave propagation using parabolic approximation with a boundary-fitted co-ordinate system (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 37-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: With a boundary-fitted curvilinear co-ordinate system, the parabolic approximation is applied to the mildslope equation to describe the wave propagation. Both refraction and diffraction are included in the numerical model. Because the shoreline coincides with one of the curvilinear co-ordinates, the numerical model can be used to compute wave propagations near an irregular shoreline.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270105
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    Study of the behaviour of oscillatory waves in a lagoon (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 103-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270109
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  • 77
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    A three dimensional global weather prediction model using a finite element scheme for vertical discretization (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 129-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A global three dimensional model for numerical weather prediction is described. It uses spheric harmonic basis functions with triangular truncation in the horizontal and a finite element discretization for the vertical. Model experiments are used to compare this model with another version, which uses a finite difference scheme for vertical discretization.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270111
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  • 78
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    The influence of the form of the log-conductivity covariance on non-Fickian dispersion in random permeability fields (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper deals with non-Fickian dispersion of inert solutes in random permeability fields. Attention is focused critically on the statistical characterization of the porous medium which affects pollutant dispersion in groundwater. After a brief account of recent results of stochastic theories of transport in porous media and of the fundamental indications of large-scale field experiments, it is inferred from numerical studies that the particular choice of an analytical form of covariance of log-conductivity has a poor influence on the overall dispersion process. In fact, different covariance structures with the same macroscale (a measure of the distance between two points beyond which the permeability ceases to be correlated) yield very similar dispersion processes. The result has a noteworthy bearing on field studies of pollutant dispersion in groundwater because it underlines the reliability of exponential correlation structures yielding analytical expression for time-varying macrodispersion coefficients.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270115
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    Preface (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 231-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270202
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    Homogenization and damage for composite structures (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 285-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: After presenting shortly the main results of the homogenization theory for periodic media, we give two applications related to damage evaluation and simulation for composite materials: (i) simulation of the evolution of damage by fibre rupture in a unidirectional composite, involving parameters defined on the microscale; and (ii) prediction of debonding near an unloaded boundary in a stratified structure, using boundary layer asymptotic expansions.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270206
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    On refined computational models of composite laminates (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 361-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Finite element models of the continuum-based theories and two-dimensional plate/shell theories used in the analysis of composite laminates are reviewed. The classical and shear deformation theories up to the third-order are presented in a single theory. Results of linear and non-linear bending, natural vibration and stability of composite laminates are presented for various boundary conditions and lamination schemes. Computational modelling issues related to composite laminates, such as locking, symmetry considerations, boundary conditions, and geometric non-linearity effects on displacements, buckling loads and frequencies are discussed. It is shown that the use of quarter plate models can introduce significant errors into the solution of certain laminates, the non-linear effects are important even at small ratio of the transverse deflection to the thickness of antisymmetric laminates with pinned edges, and that the conventional eigenvalue approach for the determination of buckling loads of composite laminates can be overly conservative.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270210
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    Optimum design of composite structures (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 437-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270214
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    New techniques for fast hybrid solutions of systems of equations (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 455-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A fast analogue solver with limited precision is used as a preconditioner in an iterative process which develops full digital precision. This hybrid process is highly parallel, and, in principle, it can be faster than digital computations alone. A problematic feature of this process is that the low analogue precision can adversely affect convergence speed. New techniques are introduced to address this limitation. A partial separation of analogue imprecision and poor problem condition is made. Fully parallel digital (smoothing) iterations are introduced to eliminate the effect of random errors which accompany analogue-digital conversion. Application is made to the problem of repeated summation.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270303
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    The D1/2-norm of the SOR and Cyclic Chebyshev Semi-Iterative (CCSI) methods for a class of non-symmetric matrices (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 547-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Successive Overrelaxation (SOR) and the Cyclic Chebyshev Semi-Iterative (CCSI) methods are considered for solving the non-symmetric linear systems Ax = b when A has the form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\bf A} = \left({\begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\bf D}_1} & {\bf F} \\ {-{\bf F}^{\rm T}} & {{\bf D}_{\rm 2}}\\ \end{array}} \right) $$\end{document} with D1 and D2 symmetric positive definite (SPD).The D1/2-norms of both methods are determined and it is shown that, though the SOR method is better based on the spectral radius, the CCSI scheme is far better than SOR according to the D1/2-norm.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270308
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    A mixed finite element formulation for the boundary controllability of the wave equationDedicated to David Young for his 65th birthday (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 27 (1989), S. 623-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620270313
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280101
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    Modal solution of transient heat conduction utilizing Lanczos algorithm (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 13-25 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this work, a modal solution method for transient heat conduction utilizing a co-ordinate transformation matrix generated by the Lanczos algorithm is presented. The special characteristics of this co-ordinate transformation are also discussed. The comparisons made in the NASA Insulation Test problem analysis shown that this approach is more cost-effective than direct solutions, without loss of accuracy.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280104
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    Sensitivity analysis and shape optimization of axisymmetric structures (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 95-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An efficient method is developed for sensitivity analysis in shape optimization of axisymmetric structures. The technique of isoparametric mapping is used to generate the finite element mesh from a small set of master elements and master nodes. Co-ordinates of selected master nodes are used as design variables. Shape function values of master elements at derived finite element nodes obtained during the isoparametric mapping process are utilized to calculate the gradients of weight and response of the structures with respect to the design variables. Analytic formulations of the gradients are developed for sensitivity analysis of axisymmetric structures. An optimization procedure using a sequential linear programming method is applied to effectively utilize the calculated gradients. Numerical examples of optimum design of disks subject to thermo-mechanical loadings are presented.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280108
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    Benchmark computation and performance evaluation for a rhombic plate bending problem (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 155-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper addresses the question of the accuracy and reliability of the computational analysis of the rhombic plate problem. The Kirchhoff model has a large error (measured in the energy norm) in comparison with the three dimensional solution with a soft simple support; also for very thin plates (t = 1/100a) and all angles (up to α = 90°). The Reissner-Mindlin model gives results 3-5 times better and is less sensitive to the change of the plate angle. The Kirchhoff model is a relatively good approximation of three dimensional setting for a hard simple support. The paradoxical (polygon) behaviour of the simply supported Kirchhoff plate extends to the Reissner-Mindlin model with a hard support. The finite element solution of the Kirchhoff model is addressed in detail. It is shown that higher degree methods are clearly preferable and that the skewness of the elements does not influence essentially the accuracy of the method; the singularity of the solution, which strongly depends on the skewness of the plate, is the primary cause of the deterioration of the performance of the FEM.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280112
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    A simple stress error estimator for Hybrid-Trefftz p-version elementsA preliminary version1 of this paper has been presented at NUMETA 87 Conference, The University of Swansea, 6-10 July 1987 (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 211-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An a posteriori error estimator is presented which allows a good pointwise evaluation of the error in predicted stresses and can easily be implemented in existing FE codes. Although this estimator has especially been developed for and tested on p-version Hybrid-Trefftz (HT) elements, it is anticipated that it can also be applied to conventional conforming p-version elements. The practical efficiency of the estimator is illustrated through the solution of various plate bending problems by using the HT p-version Kirchhoff plate elements.2
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280115
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    A moving boundary circulation model for regions with large tidal flats (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 245-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical model is developed for computing two-dimensional circulation in coastal regions dominated by large tidal flat motion. This model is based on the shallow water momentum and continuity equations being operated upon by the Galerkin finite element method. The particular advantage of the model lies in its ability to accommodate a changing domain boundary. This is accomplished by adopting finite elements that change shape so as to consistently move with the water's edge. Application of the model to the Kuwait Bay is described, and the associated results on circulation are given.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280202
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    A boundary element method analysis of electrostatics in a tank during filling operations (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 315-329 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Electrostatic charging inside a tank is analysed numerically using the boundary integral method. The electrostatic charge is transmitted to the tank through a charged liquid. Profiles for the charge density and potential are obtained in the tank during the filling operation. The analysis is based on the equation governing the transport of charge and Poisson's equation. The results are characterized by two dimensionless parameters, the dimensionless Debye length given by the Debye length divided by the height of the tank, and the number Pe defined as a Peclet number. The results show where the maximum charge density and potential occur and give a prediction of when during the filling operation a hazardous situation may occur.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280206
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    Assumed strain stabilization procedure for the 9-node Lagrange shell element (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 385-414 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An assumed strain (strain interpolation) method is used to construct a stabilization matrix for the 9-node shell element. The stabilization procedure can be justified based on the Hellinger-Reissner variational method. It involves a projection vector which is orthogonal to both linear and quadratic fields in the local co-ordinate system of each quadrature point. All terms in the development involve 2 × 2 quadrature in the 9-node element. Example problems show good accuracy and an almost optimal rate of convergence.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280210
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    A consistent characteristic length for smeared cracking models (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 461-474 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical scheme for crack modelling by means of continuous displacement fields is presented. In two-dimensional problems a crack is modelled as a limiting case of two singular lines (with continuous displacements, but discontinuous displacement gradients across them) which tend to coincide with each other. An analysis of the energy dissipated inside the band bounded by both lines allows one to obtain an expression for the characteristic length as the ratio between the energy dissipated per unit surface area (fracture energy) and the energy dissipated per unit volume (specific energy) at a point. The application of these mathematical expressions to the finite element discretized medium allow one to obtain a general spatial and directional expression for the characteristic length which guarantees the objectivity of the results with respect to the size of the finite element mesh. The numerical results presented show the reliability of the proposed expressions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280214
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    Computational methods for non-linear problems, edited by C. Taylor, D. R. J. Owen and E. Hinton, Pineridge Press, Swansea, 1987 (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 476-476 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280216
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    Superconvergent derivatives: A Taylor series analysis (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 489-509 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An analysis, based on the use of Taylor series expansions, is developed to determine accuracy estimates for derivatives in one and two dimensions computed by differentiation of a finite-element interpolant or approximation. The analysis clarifies some issues concerning special points at which the derivatives are believed to be exceptionally accurate with higher convergence rates (superconvergence). Moreover, it leads directly to a class of post-processing strategies for the derivatives and offers a more direct constructive approach to the subject.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280302
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    Application of differential quadrature to static analysis of structural components (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 561-577 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The numerical technique of differential quadrature for the solution of linear and non-linear partial differential equations, first introduced by Bellman and his associates, is applied to the equations governing the deflection and buckling behaviour of one- and two-dimensional structural components. Separate transformations are used for higher-order derivatives, as suggested by Mingle, thus extending the method to treat fourth-order equations and to include multiple, boundary conditions in the respective co-ordinate directions. Results are obtained for various boundary and loading conditions and are compared with existing exact and numerical solutions by other methods. The application of differential quadrature to this class of problems is seen to lead to accurate results with relatively small computational effort.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280306
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  • 98
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    A Schwarz alternating procedure using spline collocation methods (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 621-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A collocation method is described which obtains an approximate solution to Poisson's equation, δu = f, on an L shaped region. The L shaped region is viewed as the union of two overlapping rectangles. The Schwarz alternating procedure may be employed to reduce the problem to one in which collocation techniques are used on each rectangle. The convergence of the alternating scheme depends upon a discrete maximum principle for collocation methods. Several sample problems are presented to illustrate the order of convergence of this method and to compare it with several existing numerical methods for the L shaped region.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280310
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  • 99
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    Electronic Resource
    Weighted residual solutions in the time domain (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 679-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Galerkin and subdomain forms of the weighted residual method are used to generate recursive equations in time for the numerical solution of a system of ordinary differential equations. The single-step methods that result from a linear interpolation equation match currently available methods whose stability and oscillation properties are known. A three-level scheme developed by combining two linear elements is shown to be unconditionally unstable. Two of the three schemes obtained using a quadratic interpolation equation and quadratic weighting functions are also shown to be unconditionally unstable. The third scheme is unconditionally stable, but the calculated values for a numerical solution of u̇ + u = 0, u(0) = 1 are not as accurate as the values obtained using the single-step central difference method.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280314
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  • 100
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    Electronic Resource
    Computational mechanics '88, theory and applications, S. N. Atluri and G. Yagawa (eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York, 1988. No. of pages: 1260 approx (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 726-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280318
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