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  • 1990-1994  (1.434)
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  • 1990  (1.434)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1.434)
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  • 2020-2024
  • 1990-1994  (1.434)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1890-1899
  • 1850-1859
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Jahr
  • 101
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 4 (1990), S. i 
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 4 (1990), S. 389-412 
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemometrics ; Chemometrics Society ; History of chemometrics ; Pioneers of modern chemometrics ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This is a first foray into the historical start and early years of chemometrics from about 1972 onwards. We have gathered interviews with three originators (Kowalski, Wold and Massart) as well as with a selected group of six other well-known chemometricians who gradually became active in the 1970s (Christie, Clementi, Hopke, Martens, Brown and Deming). The interviews include amongst a host of subjective recollections a succinct record of the key historical literature as highlighted by the interviewees' own rankings of ‘earliest’ and ‘best’.A discussion of the most general commonalities in these interviews together with other historical material is presented in the second part of the paper.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 103
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Schlagwort(e): Discriminant analysis ; Size-exclusion chromatography ; Wheat proteins ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Continuous digitalized signals such as spectra, electrophoregrams or chromatograms generally have a large number of data points and contain redundant information. It is therefore troublesome performing discriminant analysis without any preliminary selection of variables. A procedure for the application of canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) on this kind of data is studied. CDA can be presented as a succession of two principal component analyses (PCAs). The first is performed directly on the raw data and gives PC scores. The second is applied on the gravity centres of each qualitative group assessed on the normalized PC scores. A stepwise procedure for selection of the relevant PC scores is presented. The method has been tested on an illustrative collection of 165 size-exclusion high-performance (SE-HPLC) chromatograms of proteins of wheat belonging to 55 genotypes and grown in three locations. The discrimination of the growing locations was performed using seven to nine PC scores and gave more than 86% accurate classifications of the samples both in the training sets and the verification sets. The genotypes were also rather well identified, with more than 85% of the samples correctly classified. The studied method gives a way of assessing relevant mathematical distances between digitalized signals according to qualitative knowledge of the samples.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 104
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 121-125 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Carbohydrates ; Dithioacetals ; Trimethylsilylation ; Trifluoroacetylation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In the recent past, GLC separation of carbohydrates has significantly decreased in importance as a routine method compared with high resolution HPLC analysis. The reason for this is the handicap of most of the conventional derivatization procedures for GLC, i.e., formation of multiple derivatives with reducing sugars. Mercaptalation, the only method yielding a single derivative with each component, was rather complicated and therefore unpopular for routine work. In this paper a simplified mercaptalation is described which can be followed either by a trimethylsilylation or a trifluoroacetvlation and yields stable assays for chromatography. The combination with an optimized separation on megabore capillary columns results in a universally suited method, useful even with complex sample compositions. The separation power and speed of this method is at least comparable with high resolution HPLC analyses.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 130-136 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC) ; Quantitative performance ; Heart-cutting ; Backflushing ; Cryofocusing ; In-line splitter ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We have previously described [1] the design of a simple heart-cuttings device based on the Deans' principle of remote pressure switching [2]. Since that time, further work has been conducted to refine the design of the heart-cutting device and to develop complementary backflushing and cryofocusing units. This paper describes the results obtained from an intensive evaluation of the three modules in various combinations and considers parameters critical to the practical application of multidimensional gas chromatography (MDGC).
    Zusätzliches Material: 21 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 106
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): HPLC ; Stationary phase ; TCDD ; Dioxin ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 142-145 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Dual column HRGC ; Retention index monitoring ; Bromopropylate ; Honey ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 148-148 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990) 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 110
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 162-166 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Nitrogen selective detector ; Urine clean-up ; Heroin metabolite ; O6-Monoacetylmorphine ; Opiates ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Three methods were evaluated for the determination of O6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), the specific metabolite of heroin in human urine, by GC-NPD-FID. The procedure devised for a hydrophobic cation exchange column showed superior performances over the liquid-liquid extraction technique and solid phase extraction with C18. 6-MAM can be analyzed in random urines at the 2 ng/mL concentration with classical equipment for the differentiation between heroin intake and opiates from various origins. The procedure was also applied to enzymatic and acid hydrolyzates of urines. The simultaneous presence of morphine and codeine are useful in the interpretation of results.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 167-169 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Supercritical fluid chromatography, SFC ; Capillary gas chromatography ; Essential oils ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Capillary SFC was applied to the analysis of Some plant volatile oils. The results were compared with those obtained by capillary GC. For thyme oil, SFC without derivatization gave about the same percentage composition of the main compounds as CGC with silylation, thus eliminating one working step. For a complex mixture of peppermint oil or basil oil, SFC seems to give more reliable quantification than CGC, especially for oxygenated compounds. However, the separation efficiency of CGC for monoterpene hydrocarbons was, as expected, much better than that of SFC.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 173-177 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Column liquid chromatography ; Optimal mobile phase ; pH optimization ; Ion concentration optimization ; Microcomputers ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A computer-assisted method is presented for optimization of mobile phase composition in reverse-phase and normal-phase HPLC. The method is based on window diagrams, but only three preliminary tests are required. The method is successfully applied to two examples and there is good agreement between predicted and experimental results. Optimal values for ion concentration and pH in ion chromatography from a published optimization method are compared to values calculated using the computer-assisted method presented in this paper. The same results are obtained, but the method presented here is simpler and faster than previously published one.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 185-189 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Micro-LC ; Short capillaries ; Miniaturization ; Protein analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A microchromatographic procedure for highly sensitive analysis of proteins has been developed by using short capillary columns with reverse-phase, ion-exchange, and hydrophobic interaction sorbents. The high analytical mass sensitivity on the level of several nanograms was attained by the miniaturization of the column and the optimization of gradient steepness.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 190-192 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 193-194 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Carrier gas velocities ; High temperature GC ; Flow-regulated carrier gas ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 197-198 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Ion trap detector ; Simultaneous FID/MS detection ; Quantification ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 117
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Enantioselective gas chromatography ; Permethylated β-cyclodextrin ; Monoterpenes ; Sesquiterpenes ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 207-209 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Kovats indices ; Essential oils ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 213-217 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): High oven temperature-cold on-column injection ; Balanced flow ; Combined HPLC-HRGC ; Fast solvent vapor elution ; Solute focusing ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990) 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 225-225 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 244-246 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Paraffin oil ; Liquid amberlites ; Blood ; Hollow fiber membranes ; Artificial liver support ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A capillary gas chromatographic method is described for the quantitative determination of liquid paraffin in blood. Paraffin is extracted from blood into n-heptane. After solvent evaporation and dissolution of the residue in 100-200 μl n-heptane one μl is injected into a gas chromatograph fitted with a fused silica capillary column (Permabond® OV-1-CB-0.1, 10 m × 0.32 mm i.d.) and flame ionization detector. Analysis is performed by using an oven program [50°C (3 min)-285°C (5 min), rise 10%min]. The sensitivity (1.5 ng hexadecane) and the reproducibility prove the applicability of the method for the determination of liquid paraffin in blood and for the study of the stability of the liquid paraffin hollow fiber membranes used in an extracorporeal liver support system.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 123
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Liquid chromatography ; Beet ; Carbohydrates ; Light scattering detection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: An evaluation of the most commonly used HPLC system (reversed phase octadecyl sillica gel) was undertaken in order to determine the level of certain carbohydrates in molasses produced in the refining of sugar beet. Chromatographic parameters and purification operations prior to analysis are discussed in order to develop an analytical method permitting automation of sugar determination. A Zorbax ODS column (250 × 9.4 mm), water elution, and light scattering detection allow easy determination of glucose + fructose, sucrose, and raffinose in molasses using an internal standard (maltose).
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 124
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns, glass ; Enantioselectivity test procedure ; Cyclodextrin/amide phase comparison ; Enantiomer separation ; Chiral resolution (cR) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A test mixture is proposed which allows assessment of the enantioselective separation potential of chiral amide phase capillary columns. This CHIRAL-Test I includes a range of chromatographically problematical substrates, covering the temperature range from 100-200°C. One test component, the N-pivaloyl leucine methyl ester enatiomers, may be used exemplarily to calculate chiral resolution (chirale Auflösung, cR). Unlike separation factors α, cR values take account of peak shape as well as of relative retention time of both enantiomers, and thus are a measure of affective chromatographic separation. In combination with the Grob test, the CHIRAL-Test may be used for characterizing the chromatographical properties of columns coated with chiral amide phases.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 257-260 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Open tubular charcoal traps ; Headspace analysis ; Volatile organics in air ; Column effluent splitter ECD/FID ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 5 cm × 0.3 mm i.d. glass capillary tubes coated with fine charcoal particles are used for the analysis of organic compounds, particularly tri- and tetrachloroethylene, benzene, and toluene, in air and headspace samples. Due to their small size, these traps are easy to use with capillary GC. As, e.g. 20 ml of gas can be sucked through this trap in 20 s, it is a simple technique providing high sensitivity; compared to headspace with split injection, sensitivity is increased by a factor exceeding 100. The column effluent is split into FID and ECD in such a way that small as well as large amounts of the chlorinated compounds can be detected.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 126
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 275-276 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 127
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 267-269 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Electron capture detector ; Septum-equipped programmable injector ; Variable speed autosampler ; Retention gap ; Fused silica 0.32 mm × 30 m column ; Trihalomethanes ; On-column injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The disinfection of drinking water with chlorine produces carcinogenic by-products called trihalomethanes or (THM's). These compounds are formed when the chlorine reacts with the organic matter in the raw water. The four major THM's are chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochromethane, and bromoform. Direct aqueous injection is used for the rapid screening THM's and other volatile organic compounds (VOC's) in water by direct on column injection of the water sample in to wide bore capillary columns, to which is attached an electron capture detector.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 128
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 270-274 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): MicroHPLC ; Packed capillary column LC ; Miniaturized gradient elution ; Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Miniaturization and optimization of the solvent delivery system, mixing device, and detection system for gradient elution at few μl/min is the most important objective of instrumental development in microHPLC using packed capillary columns. Instrumental solutions and evaluation of the performence of a dedicated system for automatic gradient elution with packed capillary columns are reported. Retention time precision shown buy the system results in an RSD of 0.20-0.52% for a PAH model mixture eluted under gradient conditions at few μl/min. Compositional accuracy of gradient profiles is also demonstrated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 284-286 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Supercritical fluid extraction, SFE ; Off-line extraction ; Recovery studies ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 130
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; 2-Aminofluorene ; Negative ion atmospheric pressure ionization ; Hemoglobin adducts ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 131
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 338-342 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): One-phase chromatography ; Sedimentation FFF ; Colloidal size ; Colloidal density ; Polydisperse colloids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Sedimentation Field-Flow Fractionation (SFFF), which is a one-phase chromatographic system, is shown to be a rapid and convenient method for the simultaneous determination of particle size and density in polydisperse colloidal samples. This can be done by a methodology based on the variation of the carrier solution density using various aqueous glycerol solutions having different concentrations. A polydisperse polyvinyl chloride (PVC) latex sample was used as a model colloid. The average diameters and densities found by the proposed methodology are in good agreement with those obtained from the normal. SFFF procedure using a carrier of constant density or given by the manufacturer. Number average, dN, and weight average, dw, particle diameters were determined for the PVC sample at various carrier solutions containing glycerol up to 40 % (w/w) in order to show whether sample aggregation has occurred or not in the presence of glycerol. In all cases, the ratio dw/dN was found to be constant, showing that PVC aggregation has not occurred. Therefore our results, obtained by the proposed methodology in SFFF, are accurate, showing that this approach has considerable promise for characterizing complex colloidal materials.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 132
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 352-355 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Solid phase extraction ; Wine analysis ; Volatile and non-volatile components ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Sorbent extraction technology was used to separate the volatile and non-volatile components of wine. The extracts were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 133
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 74-77 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Liquid chromatography ; Nicotine and metabolites ; Complexation with Meldrums acid ; Urine analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 134
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Food analysis ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Twenty eight native vegetable oils were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Generally PAH concentrations were low, but olive oils showed significantly higher contamination by light PAH ranging from 53 to 105.6 μg/kg. Muscle and liver samples of bream from the river Elbe contained little or no detectable amounts of PAH, whereas fresh and canned oysters and mussels showed higher contaminations. Highest PAH concentrations have been determined in “smoked oysters in oil” with 75.8 μg/kg benzo[a] pyrene for the oil and 12.2 μg/kg for the oyster meat.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 135
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography, GC ; Precolumn-backflush ; Alcoholic beverages ; Selectivity change caused by water ; Direct analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A method for quantitative determination of volatiles such as ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, and methanol in alcoholic beverages is described. A short packed precolumn coupled to a capillary column via an effluent splitter is employed. The less volatile part of the sample is retained on the precolumn and back-flushed using a 10-port rotary valve, while the volatiles areseparated on the capillary column. The advantage of the system is that the analysis time per sample can be reduced to a few minutes. Moreover, the capillary column can be kept at low temperature, since it is not contaminated with material of low volatility.The water in the sample was found to have a significant influence on the retention of the compounds (as also observed earlier by Grob und Habich [1] ). This effect was exploited to increase the resolution between ethyl acetate and methanol, by injecting a portion of pure water prior to sample injection. Apart from the better separation, the water vapor also has a deactivating effect.The packed precolumn tolerates large amounts of non-volatile material. Even after several hundred direct injections of wine and spirits, the chromatographic performance of the system was still satisfactory.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 136
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 116-120 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Automatic static headspace ; Residual solvents, residual reagent ; X-ray contrast media ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A specific, sensitive, and simple method for the quantitation of residual methanol, 2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-methoxy-1-ethanol, 1-chloro-3-methoxy-2-propanol, 3-chloro-2-methoxy-1-propanol, and 1,3-dimethoxy-2-propanol in two non-ionic X-ray contrast media, has been developed. The headspace of a 25 % w/V aqueous solution of contrast media, obtained at 90-110°C in 15 min, was injected onto a capillary column coated with cyanopropyl, phenyl, dimethylpolysiloxane polymer. The internal standards used were 2-pentanol and 3-methoxy-1-butanol. The limits of detection were below 5 μg/g. The repeatability of the method at 50 μg/g of each solvent was below 5 %; and at 100 μg/g of the methoxypropanol compounds and 2-methoxy-1-ethanol, below 10 % (RSD, N = 5).
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 137
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 126-129 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): High performance liquid chromatography ; Phospholipids and sphingolipids ; Light scattering evaporative detector ; Soja lecithin ; Brain extract ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A method is described for separation and quantitative analysis of various phospholipids and sphingolipids by high performance liquid chromatography on a silica gel column with a mobile phase consisting of chloroform, methanol, and ammonium hydroxide. Gradient elution is necessary. A study of the light scattering evaporative detector response is presented. The method has been applied to the analysis of phospholipids of a commercial soja lecithin and a pig brain extract.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 138
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 138-141 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): High performance liquid chromatography ; Large volume injections ; Solute focusing ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 139
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 145-147 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Electrophoresis ; Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) ; Polymer coating ; Electroosmotic flow control ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 140
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 149-150 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 141
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 151-152 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 153-153 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 143
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 157-161 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Coupled LC-GC ; Partially concurrent solvent evaporation ; Trace enrichment ; Surface water ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The feasibility of using ethyl acetate for the desorption of trace pollutants from a liquid chromatographic precolumn on-line into a diphenyltetramethyldisilazane-deactivated retention gap and, subsequently analysis by means of capillary gas chromatography has been demonstrated. First 5% of methanol are added to the water sample to prevent sorption of analytes onto parts of the preconcentration system. About 1 ml of this aqueous sample is injected onto a precolumn containing a polymeric stationary phase, using water-methanol (95:5, v/v) for transport and clean-up. The precolumn is desorbed with ethyl acetate and a fraction of 75 μl is injected on-line into the retention gap; separation is then achieved on a capillary CP Sil 19 column. No breakthrough of the test compounds was observed in the preconcentration step. The recovery was quantitative and the response obtained with flame ionization detection was linear in the range 0.1-100 ng/ml. The effect of varying the sorption flow rate on the recovery was studied. The system was applied to the analysis of river water.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 421-426 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Sulfur selective detection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The analysis of sulfur-containing compounds using fused silica capillary columns and the Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detector has been investigated. This combination of an inert chromatographic system and a high sensitivity, selective detector provides significant advantages for the analysis of low levels of sulfur compounds in complex matrices over existing techniques. Capillary columns coated with thick films (1-4 μm) of methyl silicone stationary phase permit separation of most sulfur containing compounds and, when used with sub-ambient column temperatures, these columns can be used for the separation of sulfur gases. The effects of stationary film thickness, column length, and internal diameter for the measurement of sulfur compounds in hydrocarbon matrices has been determined.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 427-428 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 418-421 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Supercritical Fluid Extraction, SFE ; Capillary gas chromatography ; On-line interface ; SFE/GC ; Quantitation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The usefulness and ease of utilizing supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) directly coupled to capillary gas chromatography (GC) as quantitative or qualitative analytical problem-solving tools will be demonstrated. As an alternative to conventional liquid solvent extractions, SFE presents itself as a means to achieve high extraction efficiencies of different compounds in complex solid matrices in very rapid tims frames. Moreover, SFE has an additional advantage of being able to achieve distinct extraction selectivities as a function of the solubilizing power of the supercritical fluid extracting phase. For on-line SFE/GC, the extraction effluent is directly transferred to the analytical chromatograph. On-line SFE/GC involves the decompression of pressurized extraction effluent directly into a heated, unmodified capillary split injection port of the GC. In this respect, SFE introduction into GC can be used as an alternative means of GC injection, comparable to such modes of injection as pyrolysis and thermal desorption. This paper will show applications of SFE/GC where mass spectrometric detection together with flame ionization detection was used for component identification from environmental, tobacco, and petroleum matrices.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 195-196 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary electrophoresis ; Capillary zone electrophoresis ; DNA adducts ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 199-202 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Supercritical fluid ; Pump ; Extraction ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 149
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 210-212 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Quantitative analyses of phenols ; Peak distortion ; Column overloading ; Peak tailing threshold ; Cold on-column injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 150
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 217-217 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 436-437 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary Gel Electrophoresis (CGE) ; Manufacture of polyacrylamide gel capillaries ; γ-Radiation ; Separation of oligonucleotides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 442-444 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Microscale ion chromatography, micro IC ; Chemically suppressed IC ; Conductivity detection ; Volume limited samples ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 153
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 445-446 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography - mass spectrometry GC-MS ; Clonixin ; Gas chromatographic purity ; Trimethylsilylation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 154
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 450-450 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 447-450 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; Atomic emission ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 156
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 451-452 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990) 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 158
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 453-453 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 461-464 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography, GC ; Sample introduction ; At-column injector ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The present paper describes constructional details and evaluations of an at-column injector for capillary GC. Injections were made via a sample loop on a 0.32 mm i.d. capillary column. Two rotary valves were employed to allow a wash of the sample loop and a backflush of the transfer line. Repeatability, calculated from absolute area counts for n-alkanes was between 0.3-1% RSD, for injected sample volumes between 5 and 100 μl. Promising results were also obtained with syringe-based injections on narrow bore (100 μ i.d.) columns. Repeatability on the basis of normalized area counts was in the order of 0.1-0.2% RSD, while solvent tailing was practically absent.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 465-469 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Coupled LC-GC-ECD ; On column interface ; Hydrophobic competition LC ; Organochlorine pesticide residues ; Fat samples ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This paper describes the use of coupled LC-GC for the determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in fat samples. Organochlorine pesticide residues are preseparated from fat by LC on a short C-18 column using an organic solvent as the mobile phase. Evaporation of the LC eluent is achieved by a modified on-column interface, introducing an on-line vaporizer module using the fully concurrent evaporation technique.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 457-460 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; On-column programmed temperature vaporizing injector ; Electron-capture detection ; Residue analysis of fish eggs ; Cypermethrin ; Deltamethrin ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A sensitive and reproducible residue method is described for the determination of cypermethrin and deltamethrin in fish eggs. The limit of determination of 0.0005 mg kg-1 is achieved using only a very small sample size; typical sample weights lie in the range of 0.1-1 g of fathead minnow or trout eggs. The method involves tissue homogenization (tube homogenizer) followed by hot acetonitrile extraction, then sequential C8, aluminum oxide, and silica gel clean-up. The clean-up is carried out in glass columns using cotton wool plugs in order to minimize potential sample contamination by plasticizers. Residues are determined by capillary chromatography using automated on-column injection with electron-capture detection. Confirmation of residues by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring (SIM), is also described.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 162
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Enantioselective capillary gas chromatography ; Enantiomer separation of volatiles ; Cyclodextrin derivatives ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: High-resolution capillary gas chromatographic separation of enantiomers, belonging to different classes of compounds on cyclodextrin derivatives is described. The solutions of heptakis (2,3,6-O-trimethyl)-β-cyclodextrin (Phase I), heptakis (2,6-O-dimethyl-3-O-trifluoro-acetyl)-β-cyclodextrin (Phase II) and heptakis (2,6-O-dimethyl-3-O-heptafluorobutyryl)-β-cyclodextrin (Phase III) in the moderately polar polysiioxane OV-1701 were coated onto deactivated fused silica capillaries furnishing columns of high efficiency. The three phases show different enantioselectivities for various racemic mixtures.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 489-493 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): High resolution gas chromatography, HRGC ; Sulfur chemiluminescence detector, SCD ; Flame photometric detector, FPD ; Sulfur gases ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The FPD and the new SCD have been examined for their respective performance characteristics as sulfur selective detectors for HRGC in the determination of atmospheric sulfur gases. Overall, the SCD was an extremely selective and sensitive sulfur gas detector with lower MDLs than the FPD and fewer problems with interferences and noise stability, thus allowing the SCD more flexibility in capillary column selection. Modification of the FPD, however, provided more symmetrical peaks and greater resolution than the Sievers Model 350 SCD.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 164
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 475-482 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Supercritical fluid chromatography, SFC ; Speed of analysis ; Secondary flow ; Pressure drop ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The possibility of enhancing radial mass transfer in capillary SFC by tightly coiling the column is discussed. The influence of coiling-induced secondary flow on the plate height and the speed of analysis in capillary SFC is investigated. It is shown that the experimental plate height in tightly coiled metal or fused silica columns departs from the Golay theory for laminar flow. The effect of the pressure drop associated with the use of higher mobile phase linear velocities is studied. The capacity factors of retained components are used as sensitive probes for pressure drop over the column. Experimental plate heights in coiled columns are compared with values calculated from Tijssen's theory for coiling induced secondary flow. At low velocities a good quantitative agreement was observed between the theory and the experimental results. At intermediate velocities only a qualitative agreement is found. The speed of analysis in coiled columns was found to be up to 5 times higher than in straight capillaries. The largest gain in analysis speed was obtained for solutes with low capacity factors. It is shown that coiling the column can have a positive influence on the detectability. For tightly coiled 210 μm i.d. columns the advantages of coiling-induced secondary flow could be fully exploited without adverse effects of the column pressure drop. For 50 μm columns the possibility to increase the speed of analysis by coiling was limited due to the high pressure drop.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 483-488 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): LC/GC coupling ; On-line extraction ; Sandwich-type phase-separator ; Concurrent solvent evaporation ; Pesticide residue analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Reversed phase LC is coupled to capillary GC by means of an on-line extraction of the LC eluent. The extract is transferred to a loop-type LC-GC interface equipped with an early vapor exit. Using a phase switch from an aqueous reversed-phase (RP)LC solvent to an organic solvent facilitates the introduction of the analyte in the GC system, since organic solvents such as hexane, pentane, and dichloromethane are more appropriate for the GC-injection technique used in this study. As the partition coefficient of an organic solvent/aqueous system is correlated to the retention mechanism of reversed phase LC, the method has a general potential in LC/GC interfacing, viz. the extractability a component from the LC mobile phase eluting above a certain capacity factor from a RPLC column can be expected to be efficient. The method is applied to the determination of residues of the fungicide fenpropimorph in barley, oats, rye, and wheat. Another application of the interface which is feasible is the on-line extraction of aqueous samples prior to large volume injection on GC-NPD. The potential of the interface for the determination of residues nitrogen containing herbicides is estimated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 628-632 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Ion mobility spectrometry ; Electron capture ; Chlorine and bromine selective detection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This paper reports the first investigation of electron capture ion mobility spectrometry as a detection method for capillary gas chromatography. In previous work with negative ion mobility detection after gas chromatography, the principal reactant ion species were O2- or hydrated O2- due to the presence of oxygen in the drift gas. These molecular reactant ions have a mobility similar to chloride and bromide ions, which are the principal product ions formed by most halogenated organics via dissociative ion-molecule reactions. Oxygenated reactant ions thus interfere with the selective detection of chloride and bromide product ions. A recently described ion mobility detector design efficiently eliminated ambient impurities, including oxygen, from infiltrating the ionization region of the detector; consequently, in the negative mode of operation, the ionization species with N2 drift gas were thermalized electrons. Thermalized electrons have a high mobility and their drift time occupies a region of the ion mobility spectrum not occupied by chloride, bromide, or other product ions. The result was improved selectivity for halogenated organics which ionize by dissociative electron capture. This was demonstrated by the selective detection of 4,4′-dibromobiphenyl from the components of a polychlorinated biphenyl mixture (Aroclor 1248).
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 167
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 643-646 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 647-664 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 646-646 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 639-642 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary zone electrophoresis ; “Isotachophoretic effect” ; Sample stacking ; Absorbance jumps ; pH gradient ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: During some capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) experiments, the baseline UV absorbance signal at 200 nm “jumped” from one stable level prior to the water plug (marking the flow of neutrals) to another stable level after the water plug. The phenomenon was further examined with distilled water as the sample and with different buffers, applied potentials, and salt concentrations in the buffer. It seems that there is an “isotachophoretic effect” on top of the CZE separations when running under stacking conditions. The effect results in a higher pH value of the buffer after the water plug compared to the pH prior to the plug. The nature of the buffer, the salt concentration in the buffer, and the applied potential all affect this phenomenon.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 171
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 649-651 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Cold on-column injection ; Sample split ; Three-way press-fit device ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 172
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 664-664 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 658-659 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; Ferrule particle ; Column performance ; Column installation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 174
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990) 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 660-662 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Enantioselective gas chromatography ; Linalool oxide (fur.) enantiomers ; Chiral 3 [2H]-furanones separation ; Permethylated β-cyclodextrin phase ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 518-520 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography ; On-column injection ; Cryofocusing ; Bonded phase capillary columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 520-523 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Sample preparation ; Solid-phase extraction ; Pattern analysis ; Serum triglyceride fatty acids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 178
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 523-524 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chiral LC ; NMR ; α1-Acid glycoprotein ; Pirkle reagent ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 525-526 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): HPLC ; Chiral ligand exchange chromatography ; Resolution of enantiomers ; Pirmenol ; Biological samples ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 180
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 527-528 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Micro liquid chromatography ; Diode array detection ; Hop bitter acids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 181
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 579-582 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Electrokinetic chromatography ; Bile salts ; Chiral separations ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 587-589 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary electrophoresis ; Analyte velocity modulation ; Anomalous sample behavior ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 183
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 585-586 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; PoraPLOT U ; Sulfur gases ; Sulfur chemiluminescence detector, SCD ; Flame phometric detector, FPD ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 184
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 589-591 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Validation ; Nitrendipine ; Assay ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 583-584 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 186
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 592-592 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 187
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990) 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 188
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 614-618 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Surface ionization detector (SID) ; Heterocyclic tertiary amines, haloperidol, bromperidol ; Human serum ; Simple extraction ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A method has been developed for highly sensitive determination of haloperidol in human serum involving a simple extraction procedure followed by gas chromatographic separation. Target components were separated from the extracting solvents with a Van den Berg type solventless sample injector before introduction Into a DB-1 capillary separation column. A surface ionization detector (SID), which has highly selective sensitivity for Substituted amines, was employed for quantitation using bromperidol as an internal standard. Chloroform proved to be the best extracting solvent, yielding a quantitative detection limit of 5 ng/ml (S/N = 2). Comparison of the response to target compounds obtained by the SID, FTD (flame thermionic detector), and FID (flame ionization detector) showed the SID to be superior.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 189
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 619-623 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Capillary column ; Splitless injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A splitless injection method using make-up flow was developed for SFC. Dilution of sample solvent with carbon dioxide mobile phase was very effective for focusing the solutes onto the column. Injection of a 4.5-μl sample volume on a 100-μm i.d. capillary column became possible.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 190
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 624-627 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gel electrophoresis ; Surface modification ; Separation of oligonucleotides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Polyacrylamide gel filled capillaries for electrophoresis can be improved in performance and stability by a specially optimized and reproducible production procedure. After surface pretreatment as described in this contribution, gels polymerized in capillaries are stable for long series of routine separations. Bubbles formation during gel polymerization can be avoided. The procedure is compared with those described by other authors. Separations of different oligonucleotide samples illustrate the quality of the gel capillaries obtained. The peak symmetry achieved proved to be better than that obtained without surface pretreatment.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 191
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 597-605 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): GC/MS ; Automated data processing ; Pattern recognition ; Arson analysis ; Volatiles ; Petroleum ; Accelerants ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The analysis of residual accelerants in fire debris is commonly carried out by a three-step procedure: sample preparation; separation and detection; and data interpretation. Each of these steps can be optimized individually but successful analysis requires that they are compatible with each other. The isolation of residual accelerant from fire debris requires that several methods are used to cover the range of fueis that are commonly used by arsonists. Since almost all incendiary fires are set with petroleum based fuels such as gasoline or heating oil, analysis is targeted toward hydrocarbons. Capillary column gas chromatography on apolar phases is now the overwhelmingly predominant method of separation. Data interpretation is commonly carried out by visual comparison of chromatograms.Fire debris analysis presents some unique challenges that are not often encountered in other fields. The analyte may be present at only trace levels and pyrolysis products from building materials or furnishings may dominate chromatographic patterns. Synthetic polymers may act as precursors to hydrocarbons that compete with substances typically found in petroleum based fuels. Exposure to heat and other environmental factors may also generate severe distortions in the chromatographic profiles of accelerants.Unfortunately, there is no simple solution to these problems. Methods are available to reduce some of the chemical noise introduced by interferences and thus enhance the recognizability of the target substances. Mass spectrometry, in combination with a modern data system, is the most effective approach to filter out unwanted substances. The interpretation of the analytical results is aided by scaling, side-by-side comparison, or stacking of chromatograms. An additional advantage of such computerized systems is the possibility of complete automation of the analysis.In this communication, we look at the interplay of chromatographic resolution, noise reduction by mass spectrometry, and automated data evaluation. Examples from model experiments and from simulated arson samples are presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 633-638 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Fatty acid esterification in aqueous and non-aqueous media ; Capillary gas chromatography ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Alkyl chloroformates with methyl, ethyl, and 2-chloroethyl substituents can instantaneously esterify fatty acids under proper reaction conditions. Apart from the formation of the corresponding alkyl esters, even the alkoxycarbonyl esters can be prepared. These derivatives are useful for the analysis of short-chain fatty acids. As alkoxycarbonyl ester, even acetic acid can already be separated from the solvent peak. The reaction conditions were examined, and the Influence of solvent polarity and reagent concentration on the conversion was studied. Quantitative conversion of acids to their easters was achieved in non-aqueous solutions, but even in the presence of water the yields were acceptable.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 193
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 774-774 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 194
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 775-776 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 195
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 782-784 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary zone electrophoresis ; Anticoagulant peptide ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 196
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary gas chromatography ; Split injection ; Bacterial FAME analysis ; 3-OH FAME ; Aldehyde formation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 197
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 797-802 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; GPC and HPLC sample preparation ; Automation ; Planar chlorobiphenyls ; Horse fat ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The occurrence of the highly toxic non-ortho substituted (planar) chlorobiphenyls (CBs) at low levels in wildlife, (human) fat, and fish generates the need for a routine analytical procedure. The use of a fully automated system for the separation of planar and non-planar CBs, consisting of a gel permeation chromatography system, a sample preparation system employing extraction columns, and a porous graphitic carbon HPLC column is described, and tested with horse fat. Gas chromatography on capillary columns, with electron-capture or high resolution mass spectrometric detection, is used for quantitation of the CBs.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 803-810 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Capillary GC ; Uncoated precolumns ; Solvent peak ; Porosity of capillary surfaces ; Deactivation methods ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Many uncoated precolumns, and to a lesser extent separation columns, strongly retain some of the solvent. Retarded release of such solvent elevates the baseline after the solvent peak and causes ugly “humps” of eluted solvent as the temperature is increased. The problem is probably a result of retention by a porous surface, e.g. surfaces obtained by leaching or hydrothermal treatment of capillaries prior to silylation. It is assumed that other problems with capillary columns can be explained by the same mechanism, including: a kind of adsorption including apolar compounds, and “ghost” peaks as well as “memory” effects. Fused silica capillaries are superior to glass, but even for these special procedures are required in order to achieve thorough deactivation of the internal surface without introducing porosity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 199
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 826-831 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Liquid chromatography ; Beer ; Iso-alpha acids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: This paper shows that the liquid chromatography (LC) methods so far described in the literature for iso-alpha acids analysis are unsatisfactory. The main reasons for this are the failure of the advocated eluent systems to completely suppress trace metal activity of commercial LC columns and the lack of a stable reference iso-alpha acid.The trace metal problem can be solved by using a column packing material specifically designed for “Hop Acid” analysis and by adding ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) to the eluent. The reference problem is more difficult, but possibly a formulation of the iso-alpha acids in their acid form may be the answer.Chromatographic conditions changing the elution pattern of the individual iso-alpha acids are studied. This leads to better control of their co-elution in the analytical procedure.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 200
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13 (1990), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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