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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5-Hydroxytryptophol in the cerebrospinal fluid and urine of alcoholics and healthy subjects (1982)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 321 (1982), S. 293-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Alcoholism ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Ethanol ingestion ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; 5-Hydroxytryptophol ; Urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxytryptophol was determined in cerebrospinal fluid and urine of alcoholics and healthy subjects, by a glass capillary gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method. The urinary excretion rate (14.6±2.9 pmoles/μmoles creatinine) and urine (109±20 pmoles/ml) and cerebrospinal fluid (4.12±0.21 pmoles/ml) concentrations in healthy subjects were established. Only 1% of the 5-hydroxytryptophol in urine occurred in free form. Ethanol ingestion (80, 120 g) by healthy subjects lead to a 20–100-fold increase in the urinary excretion rate of 5-hydroxytryptophol. In cerebrospinal fluid the increase was about 60%. Alcoholics had increased urinary excretion rates and cerebrospinal fluid levels during intoxication, which were in the same range as in intoxicated healthy subjects. During recovery from intoxication, the 5-hydroxytryptophol level in alcoholics decreased, but the CSF levels were still higher than in healthy subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00498516
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time course effects of soman on acetylcholine and choline levels in six discrete areas of the rat brain (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 78 (1982), S. 170-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Acetylcholine ; Choline ; Soman ; Organophosphate ; Anticholinesterase ; Toxicity ; Lethality ; CNS ; Brain areas ; Rats ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Time course ; Cholinergic function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The time course of changes in rat brain levels of acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) was investigated following a single SC injection of soman (0.9 LD50, 120 μg/kg) to understand the relationship between central neurotransmitter alteration and soman toxicity. Of the animals exposed to the dose of soman, 46% died within 24 h, with maximum mortality occurring during the first 40 min following soman administration. In a second group, surviving rats were killed at various times after treatment by a beam of focused microwave radiation to the head, and ACh and Ch levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Soman produced a maximal ACh elevation in the brain stem at 20 min (34.4%), in cerebellum at 40 min (51.9%), in cortex and striatum at 2 h (320.3% and 35.2%, respectively), and in hippocampus and midbrain at 3 h (94.5% and 56.8%, respectively). ACh levels remained above normal approximately 30 min in the brain stem; 2 h in the midbrain, cerebellum, and striatum; 8 h in the cortex; and 16 h in the hippocampus. Ch levels were elevated in all areas except the striatum. Ch maxima occurred at 10–40 min and returned to control levels approximately 3 h after injection. Results suggest that perturbation of ACh levels due to soman was not uniform throughout the brain and that soman toxicity may reflect ACh changes in multiple areas, rather than changes in any given area. These data further suggest a possible relationship between elevated Ch levels and soman toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432257
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein gaschromatographischer Nachweis von 6-Mercaptopurin im Serum von immunsupprimierten Transplantationspatienten (1982)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 181 (1982), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Serum level ; Azathioprine ; 6-Mercaptopurine ; Immunosuppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The knowledge of serum levels of azathioprine or its metabolite 6-mercaptopurine is important for the monitoring of the immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation, especially when kidney function is low. For this reason, the work of Bailey et al. was modified. 6-Mercaptopurine was extracted from the serum with a mixture of isopropanol-ethylacetate (1:1 v:v), derivatized with trimethylaniliniumhydroxyde and measured gaschromatographically. Sulfhydryl-protecting reagents were added to prevent loss of substance. Oxyethyltheophylline was used as the internal standard. The extraction and clean-up method recovered 80% of the 6-mercaptopurine present, the lower limit of sensitivity was 20 ng/ml, i.e., ten times lower than that of Bailey et al. The method could be realized on eight patients treated with azathioprine, the half life of the drug was about 20–40 min within the first hour after i.v. application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01850986
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Derivatization of amines with chloroformate esters for gas chromatographic analysis (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 60-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Amines ; Derivatization ; Chloroformate esters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The gas chromatographic analysis of amines after conversion to electron capture sensitive carbamates in two-phase systems has been studied. Hydrophilic compounds, for instance methylamine, are reacted with 2,2,2-trichloro-tert. butyl chloroformate. Quantitation below 10−7 M can be made by thermionic or electron capture detection. A hydrophobic amine, namely N,N-dimethyl-n-octylamine, was derivatized with 2,4,6-tribromophenyl chloroformate with addition of iodide ion to the aqueous phase. The favorable effect of iodide ion as well as the choice of pH and chloroformate ester is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258870
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal hydrates: an investigation of the use of crystal hydrates as stationary phases in gas chromatography (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 126-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Crystal hydrates as stationary phases ; Mobile Phases containing water ; Selective retentions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of crystallohydrates, crystallohydrate solutions and melts as stationary phases in gas chromatography has been proposed. Crystallohydrates have been shown to display high selectivity in the separation of polar organic compounds when use is made of water vapours as the mobile phase. Some aspects of gas-liquid chromatography in water vapours and with the stationary phase comprising crystallohydrates have been studied, and the preliminary results obtained point to the desirability of further progress in this field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258882
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A chromatoscopic study of fluorene, indenes and styrene (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 245-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Chromatoscopy ; Gas chromatography ; Graphitized carbon black ; Molecular structure and retention ; Aromatic hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A molecular-statistical calculation of the retention volumes at zero sample size on graphitized thermal carbon black is carried out for quasi-rigid molecules of fluorene, indene, 1-methylindene, 2-methylindene and three dimethylindenes. A reasonable agreement is observed between the calculated and the available experimental gas chromatographic data. The potential barrier to internal rotation and the torsional angle in styrene molecules are estimated by comparing theoretically calculated and measured retention volumes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265656
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence and prevention of isomerization of ligustilide during gas-liquid chromatography on packed columns (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 358-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Phthalides ; Gas chromatography ; Chromosorb W ; Isomerization ; Ligustilide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary During GLC of naturally occurring mixtures of phthalides on packed columns an artefact was sometimes detected that originated from Z-ligustilide. Active sites of Chromosorb W were responsible for the formation of the artefact, that was assumed to be E-ligustilide as GC-MS revealed that its mass spectrum was identical with that of Z-ligustilide. No isomerization was observed when freshly coated Chromosorb W was used or the support was deactivated by benzoyl chloride or melamine. The identity of the artefact was confirmed by UV irradiation experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259218
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention index, connectivity index and Van der Waals' volume of alkanes (GLC) (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 521-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention index ; Connectivity index ; Van der Waals' volume ; Alkanes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The relationships between retention index and Van der Waals' volume and between retention index and connectivity index have been studied for 58 different alkanes (C1−C9) on squalane. The correlation coefficient for the former is higher than for the latter. From these equations a linear relationship between Van der Waals' volume and connectivity index is obtained which indicates that the two parameters are equivalent. A simple method for calculating the Van der Waals' volume of alkanes is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260288
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High efficiency microbore GC columns using porous bead supports (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 117-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Various packed GC column ; Gas chromatography ; Porous layer beads ; GC/MS analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Theoretical comparisons of various packed GC column types are presented with respect to analysis time, efficiency, sample dilution, and sample capacity for a given maximum inlet pressure. In particular, totally porous particles, porous layer beads, and glass beads are compared with one another. It is shown that 30 μm porous layer beads offer a useful compromise between analysis time and plate count with relatively good sample capacity. Moreover, when using 1 mm i.d. columns (microbore), outlet flow rates that are reasonable for direct coupling to magnetic sector mass spectrometers are achieved making these columns suitable for GC/MS. Using 30 μm Zipax porous layer beads, columns yielding 8,000 to 10,000 plates/meter have been produced with inlet pressures of 13 to 26 atm. A simple modification of the injection port converts the maximum inlet pressure of a commercial gas chromatograph to 26 atm. With such pressures, columns in excess of 20,000 plates can be achieved. Chromatograms are presented illustrating the promise of these microbore columns for GC and GC/MS analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290444
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the drying step of supported catalysts by reversed-flow gas chromatography (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 351-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Supported catalysts ; Reserved-flow GC ; Drying step ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Application of reversed-flow gas chromatography to study the drying step in the preparation of supported catalysts is proposed. It is demonstrated that this technique can be applied to investigate the kinetic law followed, as well as to obtain kinetic parameters of drying (rate constants, activation energies and frequency factors). Amaterial illustrating this application is γ-Al2O3 impregnated with usual organic solvents (n-C5H12,n-C6H14,n-C7H16, CH3COCH3 and CH3CH2OH). It was found that in all cases above a simple first-order law based onone kind of active site is followed. Moreover, it was observed that the activation energyE a of the drying process increases almost linearly with the relative molecular mass of the solvent, whereas for the same solventE a increases with the amount used. The operation of a kinetic compensation effect suggests “similar” activated complexes of the various solvents used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259216
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative capillary gas chromatographic analysis (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 546-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Quantitative analysis ; Sample inlet systems ; High-speed analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The attainment of precise quatitative analytical data using open-tubular (capillary) columns in standard, commercially available gas chromatographic instrumentation is demonstrated. Key elements in the design and proper utilization of the instrumentation are discussed. The function of the various sample introduction systems is elaborated and their quantitative performance demonstrated. The extra-column contribution to band-spreading is determined and the resultant data is used assessing the suitability of commercial instrumentation for highspeed capillary gas chromatography. The quantitative analysis of a sample containing some eleven components in less than thirty seconds is shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02280373
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new device for contamination-free injection for gas chromatographic trace estimation of oxygen and nitrogen (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 312-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Injection-port modification ; Oxygen and nitrogen traces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The paper presents a new device modifying normal injection port of a gas chromatograph for eliminating air contamination thus enabling determination of traces of oxygen or nitrogen. Further modification is also proposed which enables the analysis to be carried out with a limited quantity of sample gas. Potential application of this device in the analysis of reactive gases like florine has been indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265684
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple preparative chromatography (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 765-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Preparative scale chromatography ; Capacity ; Dual-stage separation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The capacity of different versions of single- and dual-stage separation of mixtures on a preparative scale is considered. It has been shown that dual-stage separation with intermediate condensation considerably enhances the capacity of the installation as compared with a single-stage process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261373
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatography in qualitative analyses. An investigation of the oxidation of some silicones used as gas chromatographic stationary phases (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 355-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silicone liquid phases ; Oxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The on-column oxidation of apolar and polar silicones used as gas chromatographic stationary phases is investigated. Even at 225° the effects of oxidation are found to be slight. Of the materials investigated the methylphenylsilicones are the most stable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259217
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From gas chromatography to gaia (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 26-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Ionization detectors ; Gaia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper is an account of the development of the gaia hypothesis as seen through the eyes of a gas chromatographer. Gaia is a radical notion about the Earth which postulates the climate and chemical composition to be regulated at an optimum by and for life. Gas chromatography played an important role in the gathering of evidence for the hypothesis but most significantly the art of inventing detectors lead to the developement of a planetary life detector through which gaia was revealed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258864
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid gas chromatographic method for the analysis of acidic fermentation products (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 180-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Acidic fermentation products ; Characterisation ; Gas chromatography ; Methyl esters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A rapid and simple method for the identification of acidic fermentation products is described. Methyl esters of volatile and non-volatile acids are separated on a single chromatographic column. Retention time data for a number of acids are tabulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261536
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of ethylbenzene hydroperoxide (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 183-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Analysis of ethylbenzene hydroperoxide ; Time normalization method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A gas chromatographic method, based on the time normalization technique, is described for the analysis of ethylbenzene hydroperoxide in mixtures containing ethylbenzene, acetophenone, 1-phenylethanol, benzaldehyde and phenol. Different liquid phases were tested and the best results were obtained with tricresyl phosphate and neopentyl glycol sebacate. The influence of the support, the liquid loading and the gas velocity are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261537
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic determination of arsenic in low concentrations in inorganic materials (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 30-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Arsenic ; Inorganic materials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the quantitative chlorination and extraction of arsenic as arsenic trichloride from a number of alloys. The conditions for the quantitative gas chromatographic measurement of the volatile chloride have been studied. The proposed method for inorganic materials is very fast giving results within 10 min; sensitive, 1.5·10−13 g As can be detected, simple and accurate. At the ng level of As the error is about 20% with a standard deviation less than 20%, and at the 10pg level the error is about 36% with a standard deviation of 44%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02269036
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the working conditions of light adsorbents and their use as sampling material for the GC analysis of organic air pollutants in work areas (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 712-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Graphizized carbon black traps ; Organic air pollutants ; Work areas ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of traps containing graphitized carbon black for the collection and pre-analysis of atmospheric pollutants in industrial areas is presented. The working conditions, in terms of trapping capability and effectiveness of release by thermal desorption are discussed. Some practical applications are also given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261891
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Van der Waals' volume of ethers, esters, carbonyls and alcohols on retention in gas chromatography stationary phases of different polyrity (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 771-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Van der Waals' volume ; Polarity of stationary phase ; Retention index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Equations for Retention Index (I) versus Van der Waals, volume (Vw) on squalane are studied for alcohols, carbonyls, esters and ethers. Each equation includes linear and branching substances with different positions of the functional group in the carbon chain. The study is extended to stationary phases with polarities from 4.29 to 91.54 on the Tarjan et al. scale. Variations of the slope and origin ordinate values with the polarity of the stationary phase are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261375
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure and properties of n-octadecanol film present on the surface of a carbon-silica adsorbent (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 517-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Carbon-silica adsorbents ; n-Octadecanol film ; Phase transitions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The properties of the n-octadecanol film on carbon-silica adsorbent (Carbosil) were investigated. It was found that n-octadecanol forms an oriented film on the Carbosil's surface. If the surface of the basic silica gel is not completely covered with carbon, then the phase transition takes place in this film at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of n-octadecanol. One may distinguish two forms of this film, characterised by the different structures and the temperatures of the phase transitions. The first exists on the surface of silica gel unblocked by carbon. This part of the film is a monolayer, in which the alcohol molecules are vertically oriented. The solid compact-liquid expanded type phase transition at the well-defined temperature occurs in this film. In the second part of the film formed on the carbon surface, there is a multilayer of n-octadecanol. Its molecules are probably parallely oriented in relationship to the adsorbent surface. This film desintegrates progressively when the temperature increase. Maximum temperature of this phase transition is lower than the temperature of its analogue on pure silica gel surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260287
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenols in whisky (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 201-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Phenols ; Whisky ; Gas chromatography ; Aroma compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Twelve volatile phenols were identified in whisky by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Of these phenols 2,4-dimethylphenol was found for the first time in the aroma of whisky. The content of phenol, o-, m-, and p-cresol, guaiacol, p-ethylphenol, p-ethylguaiacol and eugenol in whiskies originating from different countries was determined by gas chromatography as their 2,4-dinitrophenyl ethers using electron capture detection. The results show that Scotch whiskies differ from others in the content of o-, m-, and p-cresol. The odour threshold values of phenols studied were determined in a 10% (v/v) ethanol-water mixture and in some cases also in the whiskies. Cresols have been found to make contribution to the aroma of Scotch whisky.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258900
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass capillary gas chromatography of chlorinated methyl acetates, propanoates and butanoates on Carbowax 20M and SE-30 columns (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 505-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Glass capillary ; Gas chromatography ; Methyl chloroacetates ; Methyl chloropropanoates ; Methyl chlorobutanoates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The gas chromatography of all chlorinated methyl acetates, methyl propanoates and methyl mono- and dichlorobutanoates has been studied on Carbowax 20M and SE-30 glass capillary columns under various running conditions. The order of elution on a non-polar column was largely determined by the boiling point of esters, whereas on a polar column it was much influenced by the structure of compounds. Complete separation of the combined mixture of all 27 compounds could not be achieved, however, methyl 3,3-dichlorobutanoate was the only ester overlapped on both columns in spite of the various column temperatures used. The best separation of the mixture was on Carbowax 20M with a temperature program from 50°C at 8°C/min, isothermal running conditions leading either to poor separation of volatile components or long analysis time and broad peaks of higher chlorinated esters. The relative retention times for compounds at the various column temperatures are given and the retention order on a polar and on a non-polar column discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260284
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New uses of thermionic ionization detectors in gas chromatography (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 107-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Thermionic ionization ; Catalytic flame ionization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A newly designed thermionic detector was operated in two modes of thermionic ionization detection (TID), and a third mode of catalytic flame ionization detection (CFID). Operating modes were varied by changing the composition of the electrically-heated thermionic/catalytic source, and the composition of gases supplied to the detector. A TID-2 source activated by a low concentration of Cs/ceramic was operated in a dilute H2/air environment and provided specific responses to nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. A TID-1 source activated by a high concentration of Cs/ceramic was operated in a N2 environment and provided very high specificities and picogram detectivities to compounds containing electronegative functional groups such as the NO2 group. A CFID source formed from Ni/ceramic was operated in a H2/air flame environment and provided universal responses to all organics with enhanced responses to some heteroatom compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258879
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization, evaluation and in-situ cross-linking of new polar phases in capillary gas chromatography (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused silica capillaries ; New polar phases: OV-1701 and RSL-310 ; Immobilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The possibilities of OV-1701 and RSL-310, two new stationary phases, have been evaluated for capillary gas chromatography in fused silica columns. OV-1701 is a cyanopropylphenyldimethyl polysiloxane of moderate polarity possessing excellent chromatographic characteristics. The phase exhibits high coating and chromatographic efficiencies, high temperature stability and is suitable for cross-linking. RSL-310 is a polar liquid stationary phase yet to be permanently bonded in a capillary column. The selectivity of both phases extends the applicability of fused silica columns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258871
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatography in open rectangular channels with large aspect ratios (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 98-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Rectangular channel ; Efficiency ; Capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Gas chromatographic experiments have been performed in a truly rectangular channel with a 60∶1 cross-sectional aspect ratio, constructed according to the field-flow fractionation technology. It is shown that the peak broadening is controlled by the thickness of the channel while the maximum load is determined by the largest cross-sectional dimension. However, even with its elongated configuration, the side walls contribute significantly to the band broadening of solutes with a high diffusivity. Good agreement is found between the experimental plate height data and the recent theoretical calculations of Golay [13] taking into account the side-wall effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258877
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trace determination of amines and other nitrogen containing compounds with a modiefied thermal energy analyzer (TEATM) (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 354-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Modified thermal energy analyzer ; Selective detection of nitrogen compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A modification to the TEATM Analyzer is described, which allows it to be used as a highly selective GC detector for nitrogen compounds as well as for N-nitrosamines and nitro compounds. The modified Analyzer is as sensitive as the AFID, but has a much higher selectivity towards nitrogen compounds than the AFID. Its response appears to be molar, with an output that is dependent only on the number of nitrogen atoms present. The performance of the modified Analyzer for the analysis of ammonia, amines,N-nitrosamines, nitriles and organonitro compounds is reported and discussed, as is its application to the detection of these compounds in bacon and beer samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258937
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An apparatus for manufacturing flexible fused silica columns for gas liquid chromatography. Part I. The drawing process (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 569-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Fused silica capillaries ; Capillary drawing ; Glass capillaries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A compact description is given of a simple and reliable method of drawing flexible fused silica capillary for gas chromatography. Some emphasis is given to the fact that the practices of drawing optical fibres should not be followed too slavishly so this leads to unnecessarily complicated and expensive equipment. Satisfactory capillary column silica tubing can be made with straightfoward extension of the method developed earlier for drawing thick walled capillary. A simple glass/silica hydrogen oxygen diffusion flame bumer is described for fusing the preform tubing at the draw point which is enclosed by a water cooled glass enclosure to trap evaporated silica and maintain the operation under dust free conditions. The uniformity of the capillary diameter is better than 5% which is adequate for most gas chromatographic purposes. The second part of the paper yet to be published will cover the methods developed for coating the capillary both internally and externally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02280376
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemically modified teflon capillary columns for gas chromatography II. Solid surface effects in direct coated columns (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 641-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Teflon capillary columns ; Chemically modified teflon ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The preparation of teflon capillary columns employing direct coating of the stationary phase to the chemically modified teflon surface and the role of the chemically modified teflon in the separation mechanism are described. Two types of contributions from the modified teflon have been observed: nonspecific adsorption of the carbon surface and specific interactions of polar groups in the carbon skeleton. The use of polar liquid phases can eliminate adsorption due to the presence of polar groups in the modified teflon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279491
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of trimethylsilyl-isopropylidene derivatives of sorbose by combined gas chromatography- and mass-spectrometry (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 704-706 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Isopropyliden-sorboses ; TMS-derivatives ; GC-MS combined technique ; Mass spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method has been developed using gas chromatography — electron impact mass spectrometry for the determination of the di-0-isopropylidene-sorbofuranose and mono-0-isopropylidene-sorbofuranose. The compounds are separated as their trimethylsilyl derivatives on a capillary column coated with the stationary phase SE-52. The mass spectra show that the silylation reaction is quantitiative and that the isopropylidene groups does not change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261889
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast analysis by gas chromatography (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 125-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Capillary columns ; Fast analysis ; Gas chromatography ; Instrumental effects ; Optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The efficiency of fast GC columns depends largely on the quality of the chromatograph. A theoretical and experimental study shows the relative importance of the various phenomena involved and permits the optimization of a GC System. Extremely good performances, exceeding 2,500 plates per second have been routinely obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290445
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-liquid chromatography of isopropylidene monosaccharides and their trimethylsilyl derivatives (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Monosaccharides ; Polyols ; GC of TMS derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the gas chromatographic separation of the mixture of isopropylidene monosaccharides, and their trimethylsilyl derivatives. Based on the total analysis time and resolution the best stationary phase was SF-96 using Chromosorb G as the solid support and temperature programming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265655
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrocarbon type analysis by gas chromatograph using a single capillary column and a multi-column valve system (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 282-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Naphtha analysis ; Gasoline analysis ; Hydrocarbon type analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Two different gas chromatographic methods are used for the determination of hydrocarbon type distribution in naphtha and gasoline samples with final boiling points up to 275 °C. The methods are based either on a single capillary column or on a valve-switched packed column system. Both methods give extensive information on paraffins, olefins, naphthenes and aromatics in total as well as by carbon-number. In each case the analysis is fully automated with a computer controlling the entire analysis from injection to results presentation. The advantages and limitations of both methods are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258920
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trace analysis of free hydroxyacids by gas chromatography (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 322-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Graphitized carbon black supports ; Determination of hydroxyacids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Acid-washed graphitized carbon black (Carbopakc B) modified with trimesic adic and PEG 20M has proved to be effective for quantitative analysis of underivatized low molecular weight hydroxyacids. Calibration data revealed good linear relationships between relative peak area and concentration for lactic and 3-hydroxybutyric acids down to 0.05 mmol/l. The packing material was suitable for the analysis of aqueous solutions of hydroxyacids as it is tolerant to injections of water over a prolonged period of use. The GC system developed has been applied to the analysis of some hydroxyacids of biomedical interest in blood plasma and lactic acid contained in wine and beer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258930
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention index values of hydrocarbons on open-tubular columns coated with methylsilicone liquid phases (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 625-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open-tubular (capillary) columns ; Comparison of liquid phases ; Influence of temperature ; Retention index data
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The influence of temperature and liquid phase film thickness of open-tubular (capillary) columns on the retention index values of hydrocarbons on methylsilicone liquid phases is discussed. Data obtained on methylsilicones and squalane are compared. Retention index values of 43 hydrocarbons between 40 and 70 °C on OV-101 liquid phase are listed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279488
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple method for connecting fused silica and glass capillaries (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 50-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass, fused silica ; Connection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050110
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple fabrication of a “Grob” injector (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 52-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Instrumentation in gas chromatography ; Capillary Injector ; Injector ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050111
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  • 38
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    Electronic Resource
    A new method for the quantitative analysis of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenylsPaper presented at the Second European Symposium on Analysis of Organic Micropollutants in Water Killarney (Ireland), November 1981. (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; SD-E enrichment ; Pesticide residues ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple method is described for the quantitative determination of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) in water at the sub-ppb level. A micro gas-phase extractor advantageously replaces other preconcentration and purification techniques. The extract is analyzed by capillary gas chromatography without further enrichment. The recovery at the ppb level was nearly 100% for organochlorine pesticides and more than 80% for PCB's. The complete procedure including sample preparation, steam distillation-extraction, and capillary gas chromatographic analysis is carried out in less than four hours.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050203
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure elucidation of triglycerides by chromatographic techniques. Part 1: Capillary GC of ozonized triglycerides (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 80-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Triglycerides in cocoa butter, hazelnut oil ; Separation according to the number of unsaturated fatty acids (N.U.F.A.) ; Ozonolysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Structure determination of triglycerides according to their number of unsaturated fatty acids (N.U.F.A.) is more easily achieved after ozonolysis of their mixtures (fats and oils) than by capillary gas chromatographic analysis of the mixture as such. Analyses performed before and after ozonolysis of cocoa buttel, hazelnut oil, and a mixture of both fats illustrate the potential of this approach to the structure elucidation of triglycerides by chromatographic techniques.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050204
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of a sophisticated cold trap on the shape of capillary chromatography peaks (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 156-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Cold trapping ; Use of ABT concept in evaluating effect of trapping on peak ; shape ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050311
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A two-detector pulse flow system for reaction studies by gas chromatography (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 165-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Pulse flow reaction chromatography ; Two-detector system ; Reactions in a two-detector system ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050315
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Underivatized steroids on persilanized capillary columns with non-vaporizing on-column injection (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Discrimination factor non-vaporizing on-column/vaporizing splitless injection for underivatized steroids ; Quantitation feasible for most underivatized steroid hormones except corticosteroids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recent developments in the preparation of capillary columns by persilanization of the glass surfaces have resulted in highly inactive, heat-stable columns. With this type of column certain steroid hormone classes can be analyzed without derivatization; these include the 17-keto steroids, 11-oxo compounds, estrogens, and progesterone metabolites. It has been found that good quantitative analysis calls for non-vaporizing, on-column injection, as normal vaporizing injection results in breakdown of thermolabile compounds such as estriol and 17-OH progesterone metabolites. The gas chromatographic method described was used to obtain urinary steroid profiles.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050402
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved method for the preparation of immobilized stationary phases using radiation induced polymerization (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 432-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Glass capillary columns ; Radiation induced polymerization ; Crosslinking ; Immobilized phases ; Column activity ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050809
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  • 44
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    Electronic Resource
    Capillary or high resolution chromatographyBased on a paper presented at the International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography, October 1982, Tarrytown, USA. (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 685-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid chromatography ; Capillary vs. packed columns ; Performance ; Efficiency ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051210
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Splitless headspace gas chromatography with capillary column using automatic electropneumatic injection (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 48-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Headspace analysis ; Damping of electopneumatic dosing system ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050109
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-column injection using a carrier gas-flushed syringe (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 154-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; On-column injection ; Gas-flushed syringe ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050310
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  • 47
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    Electronic Resource
    Application of the Hall™ electrolytic conductivity detector for the analysis of chloroanilines and chloronitroanilines in POTW sludgesThis paper was presented at the Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Atlantic City, New Jersey, March 1981 (Paper No. 224). (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Effluent splitter ; Selective detectors: NPD, Hall™ electrolytic conductivity detector ; Chloro- and chloronitroanilines ; POTW sludge extracts ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Simultaneous detection with a 700-A Hall™ and an NPD detector is an effective technique for characterizing chloro-and chloronitroanilines in highly complex Publicly Owned Water Treatment Works (POTW) sludges. The utilization of a modified Varian effluent splitter and a SE-54 fused silica capillary column permitted the detection of mid-picogram quantities of the polar chloroanilines without sacrificing peak shape. The response of the Hall™ detector in the halogen mode was roughly proportional to the number of chlorine atoms present, while the response of the Hall™ in the nitrogen mode and the NPD was less predictably influenced by the presence of one or more nitro groups. When combined with retention time data, the ratio of the NPD response to the Hall™ response has been found to substantiate the presence of chloro- and chloronitroanilines in sludge extracts.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050202
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  • 48
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    Electronic Resource
    Profile and of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in aircraft turbine particulate emissions (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 98-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Polyaromatic hydrocarbons ; Airborn Particulates ; Aircraft turbines ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050208
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  • 49
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    Electronic Resource
    Static coating: An attempt to optimize a straightforward technique involving mechanical closure of the column (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 119-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Static coating ; Filling with mechanical closure ; Description of an easy and safe technique ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The static technique is commonly accepted as the most universal and scientific method of coating. At the same time, however, it is said to be experimentally demanding. Great efforts have therefore been made to render the method easier and safer, resulting in a wealth of recommendations confusing non-experts. Over a period of two years we have practically applied most of the reported procedures with the aim of studying their practical convenience. We do not doubt that most procedures are comparably suitable in the hands of expert users, i. e. once the initiation efforts have been forgotten, or are otherwise of little interest. We have attempted to describe a method which is specifically suited for easy and quick introduction to beginners. The method is based on mechanical column closure. The principles of the method are discussed, and a comprehensive description of its practical application is given.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050302
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple device for on-column cryofocusing in capillary column gas chromatography (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 321-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Pyrolysis studies ; Cryofocusing device ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050607
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
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    Fused silica capillary columns-restoration of chromatographic efficiency for long chain alcohols (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 380-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Thermal aging, and regeneration of fused silica capillaries ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050711
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  • 52
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    Accuracy and reproducibility in splitless, and packed and open tubular cool on-column injections (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 630-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Packed and capillary column ; Cool and flash vaporization ; Discrimination (n-C12 to n-C44) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051110
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  • 53
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    Investigation into the analysis of complex environmental samples employing fused silica capillary columns (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 656-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Column performance ; Acids and B/N extractable priority pollutants ; Quantitation in complex matrices ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of fused silica SE-54 columns in the analysis of complex environmental samples by GC/MS was examined. Column performance was evaluated for the analysis of priority pollutant acid extractables on both an “acid conditioned” column and a “base/neutral conditioned” column. The largest change in column performance was noted when a single column was used to analyze B/N extractables followed by acid extractable priority pollutants. There was evidence of peak skewing, tailing, and loss of sensitivity. Nitrophenols could not be successfully chromatographed. The analysis of phenols on an acid conditioned column was within acceptable limits (peak shapes and accuracy).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051203
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    Separation of pesticides by capillary gas chromatography. Part 3: Dinitroaniline herbicides (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 682-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; WCOT glass capillary column ; Dinitroaniline herbicide ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051208
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  • 55
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    High resolution analysis of LPG hydrocarbons (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 684-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Valve for liquid sampling ; Dienes ; Acetylenes ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051209
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  • 56
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    Applications of heart cutting from packed to capillary columns (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 546-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Multidimensional ; Deans switching ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The power of capillary gas chromatography can be enhanced by selective fractionation of the sample. One way of doing this is heart cutting from a packed gas chromatographic column. This paper describes modification of a commercial instrument for such separations. Components of the system include an automated Deans switch and an electrically heated trap. The benefits of this arrangement are illustrated with chromatograms of naphtha, urinary aromatic acids, and wine volatiles.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051006
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  • 57
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    Elimination of peak splitting and distortion effects associated with liquid sample on-column injection (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 562-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Peak distortion and splitting overcome ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051010
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  • 58
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    Rapid sealing of glass capillary columns for static coating (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 572-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; End sealing ; Static coating ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051014
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  • 59
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    Distribution of the stationary phase in the GLC column (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 55-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Non-uniformity of distribution of stationary phase confirmed ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050113
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  • 60
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    Closing of a glass capillary column with paraffin (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 107-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Static coating ; Closing glass capillaries ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050213
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  • 61
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    Natural cooling column system for elimination of discrimination of sample compounds in on-column injection (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 211-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; On-column injection ; Elimination of discrimination ; Sliding sample inlet ; Cooling column system ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050410
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  • 62
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    A non-mechanical chemical concentration modulator for multiplex gas chromatography (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 269-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Multiplex mode ; Thermal device for signal modulation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050510
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  • 63
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    Polysiloxane deactivated fused silica capillaries containing immobilized stationary phases (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 472-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Combination of polysiloxane deactivation and peroxide Immobilization of stationary phase ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article describes a method of preparing immobilized stationary phases which has arisen from the authors' work on polysiloxane deactivation of fused silica capillaries. Although acid treatment is often omitted with fused silica capillaries, there are good reasons for hydrothermal treatment of this column material. Use of Grob's peroxide method gave immobilized 0.25 μm films of SE-54; lowering of the immobilization temperature permitted immobilization of 0.1 μm films of the same phase.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050904
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  • 64
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    The continuous coiling of glass capillary tubing and the introduction of a convenient lubricant (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 573-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns, glass ; Coiling of glass capillaries ; Lubrication with polyethylene glycol ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051015
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  • 65
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    A low-volume liquid-liquid extraction technique (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 574-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Extraction ; Liquid-liquid ; Low-volume ; THM's ; Water ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051016
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  • 66
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    Apparatus for alkylation with gaseous diazomethane (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 583-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Diazomethane generation ; Derivatization with diazomethane ; Methylation in microliter volumes ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051021
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  • 67
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    Two-dimensional capillary gas chromatography without intermediate trapping. Electron capture detector quantitation of an amino alcohol (KABI 2128) in serum after trifluoroacetylation (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 596-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Two-dimensional technique ; KABI 2128 in serum ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A two- dimensional gas chromatograph based on the Deans switching principle is described. The unit comprises two separate ovens, each containing a fused silica capillary column. The columns are joined in a specially designed manifold permitting heart cuts to be performed without significant decrease in efficiency. The switching speed and the retention time stability of the system made it possible to perform heart cuts of only a few seconds' duration. The system has been used under isothermal conditions for the determination of an amino alcohol (KABI 2128) in the low ng/ml range after trifluoroacetylation and with electron capture detection. A much shorter clean-up procedure could be used in combination with the two-dimensional gas chromatograph as compared to a method using a single glass capillary column.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051103
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  • 68
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    Pattern recognition for analysis of cigarette smoke by capillary gas chromatography. Part 1: Total particulate matter (TPM) (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 648-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Total particulate matter (TPM) and cigarette smoke ; Trimethylsilylation with BSTFA ; Chemometrics and pattern recognition ; Factor and discriminant analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complex smoke profiles from fused silica capillary gas chromatography of different cigarette types produce rich information requiring computer and sophisticated statistical analysis to reveal the hidden correlation patterns. In our technique, a Cambridge pad containing total particulate matter (TPM) is extracted with Freon-11 in a micro-Soxhlet apparatus. The condenser is maintained at -15°C. After extraction, Freon-11 is allowed to evaporate under mild conditions. Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifuoroacetamide (BSTFA) is subsequently added to the extract. Trimethylsilylation is completed by maintaining the reaction vessel at 60°C for two hours. A microprocessor-controlled capillary gas chromatograph with an automatic sampler is used to generate profiles. A link to a host computer provides for transmission of profile reports and access to various statistical and graphic packages. Factor and discriminant analyses are applied to gas chromatographic data from TPM extracts because of their ability in data reduction, pattern extraction and ranking the importance of the gas chromatographic peaks. Some preliminary results from these statistical analyses are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051202
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  • 69
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    Development and evaluation of wall coated open-tubular columns for GC analysis of individual polychlorinated biphenyl isomers (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 404-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns, glass and fused silica ; Column preparation and evaluation for separation of polyhalogenated biphenyls ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present article describes the development and testing of capillary columns for analysis of individual isomers of polychlorinated and polybrominated biphenyls, pesticides, and other halogenated hydrocarbons of environmental and biological importance.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050803
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  • 70
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    CPtmWax 57 CB: A chemically bonded polyethylene glycol stationary phase for gas chromatography (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 501-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Chemical bonding - cross-linking ; Polar columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050910
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  • 71
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    Two dimensional TLC determination of PAH in diluted automobile exhaust gasesBased on a paper delivered at the 2nd International Symposium on Instrumental High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, May, 1982, at Interlaken. (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 489-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Thin-layer chromatography ; Gas chromatography ; Exhaust gas emissions ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) ; Dilution tunnel ; Langmuir adsorption model ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the diluted exhaust gas of diesel vehicles. Sampling is done by drawing off proportional streams from the dilution tunnel. The particulates deposited on filters are sublimed, and the sublimate is purified and prefractionated on silica gel. Further separation and quantitative determination of the PAH is performed by two dimensional TLC in conjunction with In situ fluorescence spectrometry. Results of theoretical considerations and experimental data on the distribution of the emitted PAH between particulate matter and the corresponding gas phase in diluted exhaust are presented. A modified Langmuir adsorption model is used to explain the effects of dilution ratio and sample temperature in the dilution tunnel. Comparison of the emission values for PAH obtained from diluted and undiluted exhaust shows good agreement. Furthermore, the PAH contents of the exhaust gas of several diesel-engined cars are also compared for various driving cycles.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050907
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    Fatty acid methyl esters - why polar open-tubular columns? (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 206-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; cis, trans, positional isomers of C22 esters separated on OV-73 ; Numerous arguments favor nonpolar columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050407
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  • 73
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    Preparation and use of high temperature silylated capillary columns coated with a mixture of OV-1 and FFAP for the analysis of volatile carboxylic acidsPresented at the 4th EUROANALYSIS Conference at Helsinki, Finland, August 23-28, 1981 (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 124-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; High temperature silylation ; C2-C6 fatty acids ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050303
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  • 74
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    Simple method for sealing the ends of fused silica capillary columns (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 324-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused silica capillary columns ; Static coating ; End-sealing ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050609
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  • 75
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    Effect of baseline fluctuation on linear calibration based on signal integration (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 379-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Signal to noise ratio ; Linear calibration ; Signal integration ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050710
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  • 76
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    Determination of nitrated polycyclic hydrocarbons in aerosols using capillary gas chromatography combined with different electron capture detection methods (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 417-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Liquid chromatography (HPLC) for sample work-up ; Electron capture detection ; Negative ion chemical ionization MS ; Nitro-PAH detected without interference by carbazoles ; Detection limit for two to four ring nitro PAH 10-200 pg/m3 ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described which allows the determination of subnanogram concentrations of mono- and dinitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons with two to four ring systems in aerosol samples. High performance liquid chromatography is used to separate the nitro compounds from other classes of substances. Carbozoles elute in the same fraction. Both electron capture detection and negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry combined with capillary gas chromatography are used for quantification. Use of these two methods leads to a considerable improvement of selectivity and sensitivity for nitrated compounds. In contrast to the situation with a nitrogen-sensitive detector, carbazoles do not interfere and detection limits in the order of 10-200 pg/m3 are possible. The applicability of the method is critically discussed. Determination of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in aerosol samples from an aluminum smelter serves as an example.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050805
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  • 77
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    A novel technique for thermal desorption from active charcoal (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 382-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Trapping by active charcoal ; Thermal desorption system ; Microwave oven ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050713
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  • 78
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    Capillary GC analysis of trimedlure, the attractant for the „medfly“ (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 430-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary ; Trimedlure ; Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly) ; Attractant ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050808
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  • 79
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    Deactivation of metal surfaces for capillary columns for GC by deposition of silicon (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 498-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Silicon ; Activity testing ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050909
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  • 80
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    Gas chromatographic peak splitting due to subambient accessory (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 507-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Peak splitting ; Subambient accessory ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050913
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  • 81
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    The use of silicon in the preparation of apolar glass capillary columns (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 539-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns, glass ; Silicon layer ; Column activity ; Grob test ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As an extention of previous reports, variables affecting the performance of columns modified by silicon deposition have been optimized. The aim of this work was to produce thermostable apolar glass capillary columns regardless of the glass type used and to maintain column performance under stressful conditions. The main parameters studied were the influence of glass type, leaching effects, and silicon layer thickness on column activity. Deactivation and stationary phase conditions were held constant. Both coated and uncoated columns were tested.The thickness of the silicon layer was found to be relatively unimportant. There was no difference whether soft glass or borosiiicate glass was used and leaching before silicon deposition did not influence column activity. Bare silicon surfaces showed considerable activity especially in respect to interactions with free acids and bases.There are indications that the surface consists of silicon oxide and other oxygenated forms of silicon rather than of the element. Treatment of the silicon layers with dilute hydrofluoric acid and the strict exclusion of traces of oxygen and water did not improve the situation. In spite of such specific interactions, silicon surfaces were easily deactivated by heat treatment with polysiloxanes.Silicon surfaces deactivated by baking with octamethyltetrasiloxane at 400°C are inert and temperature stable and show characteristics similar to persilylated surfaces.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051005
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  • 82
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    Inertness of fused silica capillary columns - activity towards aliphatic alcohols and deactivation (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 53-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Thermal aging regeneration of fused silica capillaries ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050112
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    Influence of some inorganic salts on the polarity of apolar polymer phases in capillary gas chromatography (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 189-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Inorganic salts ; Influence on polarity ; Rohrschneider constants ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Different stationary phases were prepared by mixing a series of inorganic salts with dimethylsiloxane polymer (SE-30) and then tested by capillary gas chromatography. It was demonstrated that the polarity (as evaluated by measurement of Rohrschneider constants) of the mixed stationary phases, which is inferior or equal to that of a medium-polar OV-25 phases, reached even lower values than SE-30 alone. The influence of NaF, NaCl, NaBr, AgNO3, and other inorganic salts on the polarity of capillaries is reflected by a better resolution and shorter retention time of cis/trans isomers of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMES) as well as positional isomers of triglycerides.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050404
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  • 84
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    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogenation of olefins in a capillary GC/MS interface (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 632-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; GC/MS interface ; Pt/lr tubing ; Hydrogenation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051111
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  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct analysis of some aroma compounds by gas chromatography with helium ionization detection (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 265-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Helium ionization detector ; Aroma ; Coffee ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050508
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  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacing an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with a fused silica capillary gas chromatographic system for the determination of trace organomercury(II) compounds (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 687-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; AAS ; Organomercurials ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051211
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  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of C1-C3 alcohols in blood by high resolution headspace gas chromatography (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 377-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Glass capillary columns ; Headspace analysis ; Alcohols in blood ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050709
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  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of aerospace adhesives and prepreg composite fabrics (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 322-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; GC/MS ; Dynamic headspace analysis ; Pyrolysis ; Workplace safety studies ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050608
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  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple device for optimization of flame ionization detectors and determination of absolute sensitivity (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 690-692 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Flame ionization detector ; Detector optimization ; Response factor ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051212
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  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer comparisons of variables in capillary gas chromatography (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 227-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Van Deemter curve ; GC column selection ; GC carrier gas ; Capillary column length ; Capillary column diameter ; Film thickness in capillary columns ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of computer-constructed van Deemter curves that permits evaluation of a number of variables in capillary gas chromatography is presented. The graphs permit the comparison of inter-related parameters, including the choice of carrier gas (hydrogen vs helium vs nitrogen), column length (10-100 m), column diameter (0.20, 0.25, 0.32, 0.4 mm), solute partition ratios (0-10), and liquid phase film thickness (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 μm). The curves are evaluated, both in terms of the relative magnitude of the optimum average linear carrier gas velocity, and in terms of the significance of the sharpness of the curve.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050502
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  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a rotary valve/cold trap/reinjection system for capillary columns (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 236-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Rotary valve ; Cold trap ; Reinjection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper describes a cold trap/reinjection system for capillary columns which utilizes a flow switching rotary valve. Sample enrichment is performed in a liquid nitrogen-cooled glass trap attached to the valve. Evaporation of enriched compounds is carried out with the aid of an electric heating coil. Parameters such as cryogenic trapping efficiency, reinjection rates, transference of sample, and adsorption, as well as overall performance, are examined. In addition, a comparison is made between the cold trap/reinjection technique and injection with a gas-tight syringe.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050503
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  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of water on retention time on a fused silica column (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 504-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, fused silica ; Headspace analysis ; Vegetative emissions ; Retention times correlated with sample water content ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050911
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  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid screening for drugs of abuse with short glass capillaries and a nitrogen selective detector (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 45-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary, glass ; Fast screening of drugs and adulterants ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050108
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  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention time in series-coupled columns: An experimental investigation of the non-thermodynamic effects (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 662-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Series-coupled columns equipped with different stationary phases ; Independent temperature control of columns ; Retention time ; Non-thermodynamic contributions ; Experimental ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A previously established model of a system of series-coupled columns is implemented for the experimental investigation of non-thermodynamic contributions to the retention time in systems of two series-coupled columns. The results show excellent agreement between theory and experiment and also stresses the importance of non-thermodynamic contributions to retention times.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051204
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  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic capillary columns with inside splitting (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 208-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid chromatography ; Capillary glass ; Capillary columns with inside splitting of eluent ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050408
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  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recycle gas chromatography: Pressure switching-an alternative to mechanical valves? (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 210-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Recycle GC pressure switching alternative for separation of closely eluting components ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050409
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A universal sample injection system for capillary column GC using a programmed temperature vaporizer (PTV) (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 355-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Sample injection with a programmed temperature vaporizer ; Cold sample injection ; Cold solvent-elimination injection ; Cold split injection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article describes the use of a programmed temperature vaporizer injection system which overcomes many of the classical problems associated with other injection techniques employed in capillary GC. The system can be operated in three distinct modes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050704
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activity testing of capillary columns for GC: The „intermediate test“ method and the necessary length of the test column (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 568-570 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Length of test column in “intermediate testing” ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240051012
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