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  • 1985-1989  (7,138)
  • 1980-1984  (5,748)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (10,154)
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  (2,420)
  • Gas chromatography
  • Nuclear reactions
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Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of ethylene glycol ether metabolites in urine by extractive alkylation and electron-capture gas chromatography (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 63 (1989), S. 107-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Analysis ; Biological monitoring ; Butoxyacetic acid ; Ethoxyacetic acid ; Gas chromatography ; Glycol ethers ; Metabolism ; Methoxyacetic acid ; Pentoxyacetic acid ; Urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alkoxyacetic acids are metabolically formed and excreted in urine after exposure to ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers (alkoxyethanols) or their acetate esters. This paper presents a sensitive method based on extractive alkylation for determination of alkoxyacetic acids in urine. Alkoxyacetate ions were extracted from 200 μl urine into methylene chloride, with tetrabutylammonium acting as counter ion, and derivatized with pentafluorobenzyl bromide in a single step. After separation of the methylene chloride phase, evaporation, and dissolution of the residues in hexane the esters were analyzed by fused silica capillary column gas chromatography and electron capture detection. The esters formed were stable for at least 2 weeks at room temperature. The limit of quantification was estimated to 2 μM (corresponding to an injected amount of 2 pg) for methoxyacetic (MAA) and ethoxyacetic acid (EAA) in urine. The corresponding values for butoxyacetic acid (BAA) were 4 μM and 5 pg, respectively. The detector response was linear up to 80 μM and the formation of derivative at least up to 1 mM. The method error may be reduced by using a second alkoxyacetic acid derivative, EAA, BAA or 2-pentoxyacetic acid (PAA), as an internal standard. The sensitivity, stability, reduced number of extractions, and small volumes of reagents and sample needed make the present method useful in biomonitoring of occupational exposure to ethylene glycol ethers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316431
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved method for the determination in urine of alkoxyacetic acids (1989)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 61 (1989), S. 249-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Ethylene glycol ethers ; Alkoxyacetic acids ; Pentafluorobenzylbromide ; Gas chromatography ; Urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A sensitive and specific method for the determination in urine of alkoxyacetic acids, the metabolites of ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, was developed by combining the advantages of two previously described methods. The acids were determined gas chromatographically as their pentafluorobenzylesters. The alkylation with pentafluorobenzylbromide was performed after dissolving the dry residue of lyophilized urine in methanol. Quantitative derivatization was obtained when the urinary pH was adjusted to pH 7.0, when the reagent concentration was 5% v/v, and when the reaction mixture was heated at 90°C for 3 h. Sample clean-up was performed by adding bidistilled water and the esters were extracted with methylene chloride with high yields (95%). Alkoxyacetic acid concentrations in the range of 0.1 to 200 mg/l could be determined with an average imprecision of ± 3.5%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381422
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of animal fats via the GC pattern of fame mixtures obtained by transesterification of the triglycerides (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; FAME fingerprinting ; Animal fats ; Transesterification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The triglycerides of animal fats from milk, meat or cheese can also be characterized by the gaschromatographic pattern of the fatty acid methylesters (FAME) after conversion by an unsophisticated transesterification procedure. Even from the FAME pattern falsifications of commercial animal fats can be revealed by the fast separation of the FAME using a standard CW 20 M (polyethyleneglycol) capillary column. Characteristic patterns of FAME originating from different animals are shown. The patterns of the FAME from different races of the same animal are very similar, so that the characterisation according to the type of animal is not disturbed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290401
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas Chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of azines (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 596-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Azines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary We have studied the gas chromatographic behaviour of several 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolone-azines. In HPLC analysis all the unsymmetrical azines show double peaks, whereas in HRGC analysis only some of these compounds show the two peaks corresponding to the Z (syn) and E (anti) isomers. By means GC/MS analysis the mass spectrum of each azine was recorded. We have assigned the E and Z configurations to the first and second gas chromtographic peaks on the basis of the ratio between the relative abundances of the two most significant framment ions at m/z 163 and 164.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258985
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large volume sample application by a simplified “closed” on-column injector in capillary gas chromatography (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Large volume sample injection ; Closed on-column injector
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new simplified version of a “closed” on-column injector is introduced. Because of its design isobaric injection conditions do not have to be followed and a wide range of injection temperatures above the boiling point of the sample solvent can be chosen for on-column injections in capillary gas chromatography. Also, when following certain basic injection rules, injections of large sample volumes (≥20 μl or more) give accurate and reproducible results without further problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260450
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The strength of interaction of highly retentive silanols with hydrocarbons on porasil C (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Silica surface ; Silanols ; Strongly interacting sites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The paper describes how the method of gas-phase titration of the strongest adsorption sites can be utilized to calculate a relative strength of interaction of the sites with chromatographic solutes. An excellent correlation with earlier, theoretical predictions of Giddings is noted. Significant influence of the sites on the width of a chromatographic band is observed when the interactions are an order of magnitude stronger than those of normal sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319635
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of residual monomer in polymer or polymer solution by sealed glass capillary sampling (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 167-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Determination of monomer in polymers ; Sealed glass capillary sampling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Residual styrene in polystyrene and free phenol in phenolic plywood adhesive have been determined by sealing samples in glass capillary tubes. To prevent loss of sample the ends of the capillary tubes were sealed with a kind of putty made of anhydrous calcium sulfare, calcium carbonate and a small quantity of phenylmethylsilicone fluid. No volatile compounds were released from this sealing material when the capillary tubes were placed in a quartz vaporising furnace at temperatures up to 300°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319641
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uncertainty resulting from inconstancy in the slope of the log plot of homologous series (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Slope of log plot ; Homologous series ; Retention index ; Retention time ; Uncertainty ; Free energy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The free energy of partition of a methylene group $$\Delta G_{CH_2 }^ \circ $$ is constant within a homologous series down to C5 and nearly constant to C3, contrary to the finding of Golovnya and Grigoryeva [5]. Retention indices are linear with carbon number: values may be extrapolated from higher carbon numbers to C5 within experimental uncertainty, to C4 with error no greater than 5 units and to C3 with error no greater than 10 units. Error in extrapolating the logarithm of the adjusted retention time, log t′R, to C5 is thus negligible, to C4 has possible error up to 5b/100 and to C3 up to 10b/100, whereb is the slope of the plot of log t′R against carbon number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260767
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer optimization of separation in gas-solid chromatography, optimization model and computer-modified mapping procedure (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 274-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Optimization of gas-solid separations ; Plate height equation ; Computer mapping procedure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper proposes an optimization model for gas-solid chromatographic separations in a non-linear programming form and an approximate equation of the plate height for the model. A computer-modified mapping procedure is also described for searching the optimum separation conditions. Just five experiments and about 20 minutes of the computer time are needed to establish the optima of column temperature and of the carrier gas linear velocity. The relative deviation between the predicted and the experimental values was found to be within 20% for the plate heights, and within 1.5% for the retention times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260774
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sampling and analysis of airborne methylbromide (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Methylbromide ; Charcoal tubes ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Air sampling of methylbromide using 900 mg HBr-treated activated charcoal tubes, followed by solvent desorption and FID or ECD chromatographic analysis, makes it possible to evaluate concentrations ranging from 0.2 ppm (1 mg×m−3) to 250 ppm (1g×m−3) at ambient temperature even with a high hygrometric level. Thermal desorption does not lead to satisfactory results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290402
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mass loadability of various stationary phases in gas chromatography (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 60-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Mass loadability ; Stationary phase capacity ; Capillary columns
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In GLC the mass load can be normalized with respect to the amount of stationary phase in one plate. This quantity can be used for a specified solute-liquid phase combination in any capillary or packed column, irrespective of the column dimensions or the number of plates. For each individual solute in a given stationary phase a unique factor β″ can be found, which accounts for the specific shape of the isotherm of this particular combination. this factor β″ corresponds well with the activity coefficients of the solutes in the stationary phase, by which a fairly good approximation of the mass loadability of the column at hand can be made without need for experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290407
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radioactivity detection in capillary gas chromatography of3H- and14C-labelled compounds (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 552-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Radio gas chromatography ; 3H- and14C-labelled compounds ; Isotope effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Radio gas chromatography (RGC) is a valuable tool for the analysis of radioactively labelled compounds. Recent advances in capillary GC, especially in column technology and instrumentation have also induced new possibilities in this field. With regard to the preservation of the achieved separation efficiency, radioactivity detection is the main problem in capillary RGC. Based on published data and on our extensive experience in conventional RGC, a simple, reliable and versatile method has been developed for the radioactive detection: purge gas is added to the effluent of the capillary column and the RGC detection unit with conversion tube and flow-through proportional counter is used maintaining small dead volumes and dimensions. The influence of the extra-column volumes and of the total gas flow rate (of the carrier, purge and quenching gases) on the peak shape was investigated. It was also found that the isotopic effect commonly known in GC of2H- and3H-labelled compounds is hardly measurable for larger [G-14C] labelled species such as [G-14C] labelled higher fatty acids with high isotopic abundance of14C, even on the highly efficient capillary columns. The quantitative aspects of the detection method used are discussed and some applications to the analysis of labelled biochemicals (amino and fatty acids) are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258977
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coke oven gas control by one-line gas chromatography (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 611-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Coke oven gas evolution ; On-line gas analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A gas chromatograph will thermal conductivity detector (TCD) connected on line via a cleaning train to the semi-industrial scale Coke Oven Text Plant of the Spanish National Coal Institute (INCAR), has been used to control the evolution of the permanent gases during the coking process. The undesirable presence of oxygen in the coke oven gas can be detected with this system that will be applied to determine the end of the coking process by quantitative analysis of the gas evolved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258988
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of thiophenes in the offgas condensate of an oil shale retort by a GC-microwave induced helium plasma detector (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 44-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Microwave plasma detector ; Thiophenes ; Shale oil distillates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A series of alkylthiophenes and dimethyl disulfide were tentatively identified in an oil shale retort gas condensate from a 6-kg bench-scale retort using gas chromatography with a microwave-induced helium plasma detector (GC-MIP). The sulfur species were present in concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 10.7 mol ppm in the undiluted offgas. The GC-MIP technique was successful in selectively detecting the sulfur components in the complex mixture. Quantitation was simplified relative to GC with flame-photometric detection because of the absence of quenching or other interference problems at the concentrations studied. Attempts to determine stoichiometry of the sulfur components by comparison of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur ratios with those of standards were unsuccessful because of the complexity of the carbon and hydrogen chromatograms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290403
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic determination of selected C2–C4 hydrocarbons in urban air by solid sorbent sampling and gas chromatography (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 55-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Air pollutants ; Adsorbent enrichment ; Thermal desorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new automatic method is described for quantitative determination of some light C2–C4 hydrocarbons in urban air: ethene, ethyne, propane, propene, butane and iso-butane. This method is based on an enrichment step at room temperature using a solid sorbent and subsequent thermal desorption for gas chromatographic separation and FID detection. The instrument is built up of a small commercial gas chromatograph and a laboratory-made trap and desorption unit. The sampling parameters, sample volume, concentration and humidity of air have been investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290406
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hydrocarbon quenching in gas chromatography when using the flame photometric detector (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Flame photometric detector ; Sulfur compounds ; Response quenching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The long time retardation of the main hydrocarbon peak in the chimney of the flame photometric detector greatly reduces the responses of later-eluting sulfur compounds. In the absence of hydrocarbons in the flame, the slope (s) of the log I vs. log [S] plot (where I is the sulfur response and [S] is the sulfur concentration in the sample) is of the highest value and is constant for all experimental conditions tested. Flame hydrocarbons cause the s value to decrease, and this is dependent on the oxygen to hydrogen ratio in the flame (O/H) and, under certain conditions, also on the sulfur to carbon ratio (S/C) of the sample. The abnormalities observed in the determination of methyl thiol in natural gas are explained on the basis of the present study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265869
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple and versatile end-sealing for static coating of wide-bore glass capillaries (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 631-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Wide-bore glass capillary columns ; End-sealing ; Static coating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An end-sealing method to be used for static coating of wide-bore glass capillaries is described. After the capillary was completely filled with the coating solution, one end is connected to a gas-tight syringe (10-ml volume) via silicone tubing and the other end is fixed with shortcutted silicone tubing for sealing with a plug. The method is highly successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258993
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino acid profiling using HRGC-FTIR oftert.-Butyldimethylsilyl derivatives (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 233-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; FTIR ; Hemoglobin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of N, O (S)-tert.-Butyldimethylsilyl derivatives of amino acids for capillary gas chromatography and FTIR identification of amino acids is described. Rapid identification is achieved by computerised comparison of FTIR spectra. Derivatives that are characterised by identical sets of ions in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments are clearly distinguished and identified by means of their infrared spectra. This, for example, is the case with alanine, β-alanine and sarcosine, which norvaline and valine, and with norleucine, leucine and isoleucine. Unknows are also promptly detected. This is especially useful in screening biological samples for less common amino acids. Screening of hemoglogin hydrolysates for amino acid adducts is exemplified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260453
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct quantification of ethyl carbamate in distilled alcoholic beverages using a cold capillary injection system and optimised selected ion monitoring (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 209-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Ethyl carbamate ; Direct injection quantification ; Cold injection system ; Optimised SIM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An integrated procedure is described which allows direct injection quantitative screening to single figure parts per billion (μg/L) levels of ethyl carbamate in the natural matrix of distilled alcoholic beverage. Injection and detection performance was studied and optimized to allow this routine, reproducible, trace analysis without any sample pre-treatment. All aspects of the analysis including autosampler run sequences and automated internal standard report generation are initiated and controlled from a single GC/MS workstation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260448
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detemination of carboxylic acids in biological samples as their trichloroethyl esters by gas chromatography (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 483-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Trichloroethyl ester ; Dicarboxylic acid ; Urine samples ; Electron capture ; Biological monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Dicarboxylic acids were esterified by 2,2,2-trichloroethanol by using trifluoroacetic anhydride and phosphoric acid as catalysts. The method was developed to facilitate the evaluation of workers' exposure to sensitising acid anhydrides and other compounds metabolised to acids in the body. The sensitivity of the acid determination in urine was in the order of 2–4 ng ml−1 for aliphatic and alicyclic acids and 15ng ml−1 for phthalic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319570
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some comments on the “Space charge” model of electron-capture detector (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 499-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Electron capture detector ; Space-charge model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Mathematical analysis, allowing the determination of the distribution of the electron and positive ion concentration in an electron-capture detector with a cylindrical electrode arrangement and with constant and pulsed voltage supplies, has been carried out. The measurements obtained confirm the assumptions concerning the “space change” model of the ECD introduced by Gobby et al. and cast doubt upon the general assumption of the complete removal of the electrons from the detector by the voltage pulse. The physical factors influencing the current characteristics of the detector and the possible distortions connected with the electrode geometry have been explained on the basis of the measurements carried out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319573
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface free energy of silane-covered materials measured by gas chromatography (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 455-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Surface free energy ; Silane-covered materials ; Film pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The surface free energy, or film pressure, π0, is measured for mica (Mica HK), silane-covered mica (Mica NP), Chromosorb W DMCS and glass beads. The film pressure is obtained from gas chromatography. The materials are used as adsorbents and benzyl alcohol and n-dodecane are used as molecular probes. Adsorption isotherms at 353 K are obtained from gas chromatography data and the surface free energy is computed with the help of the Gibbs equation. Values of π0 for a given surface are found to vary with the molecular probe. With benzyl alcohol π0 varies from 44 erg/cm2 for Mica 60 HK to 76 erg/cm2 for glass. In the case of n-dodecane π0 is found to vary in the same manner but the values range from 25 to 45 erg/cm2. The results are in good agreement with the values obtained with the contact angle method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319563
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Headspace gas chromatographic analysis for the determination of traces of ethylene oxide in sterilized materials (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 469-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Headspace analysis ; Ethylene oxide ; Capillary column
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A headspace gas chromatographic method for determination of traces of ethylene oxide (EO) in sterilized materials has been developed. The method allows the determination of the amount of EO by putting the samples directly into acetonitrile and analysing by means of headspace GC. The procedure described is simple, sensitive, reproducible and linear. The lower limit of detection is 0.015 μg/g of sterilized material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319567
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colloid stationary phases including nematic liquid crystals and high-disperse mineral particles (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 556-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Colloidal stationary phases ; Liquid crystals as stationary phases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Colloid systems consisting of the nematic liquid crystals p,p′-azoxyphenetol and p,p′-methoxyethoxyazoxybenzene and high-disperse mineral particles (aerosil, carbon black) are proposed to be used as stationary phases in gas chromatography. The dependence of the retention of normal paraffins, Rohrschneider and McReynolds test solutes (benzene, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, nitromethane, pyridine, butanol-1, 2-pentanone, and nitropropane) on the composition of the colloid systems was investigated. The investigated colloid sorbents including liquid crystals retain their selectivity for meta/para isomers up to 50% of the aerosil content and practically at all studied carbon black concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260676
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic study of some local anesthetics (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 24-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Anesthetics ; Pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A sensitive capillary gas chromatographic method is described for the simultaneous determination of lidocaine, tetracaine, procaine and dibucaine. The method was applied to the determination of anesthetics in tissue homogenates incubated at 38°C at doses between 10 and 400 mg/kg. In the liver tissue thein vitro metabolization of the studied anesthetics is most rapid for tetracaine, also fast for procaine, while for lidocaine and dibucaine the metabolization is very slow. In brain tissue thein vitro metabolization of anesthetics is very slow. The method shows good analytical parameters: linearity between 5 and 40 μg/ml; day-to-day reproducibility ca. 8% for a concentration of 20 μg/ml, precision ca. 7% for a concentration of 20μg/ml. Accuracy is also very good.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290377
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sampling and analysis of airborne chlorinated methanes — Comparison of FID and ECD (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 617-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Chlorinated methanes ; Activated charcoal sampling ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A sampling method using activated charcoal, followed by percolation with ethanol and FID or ECD chromatographic analysis, depending on the concentrations to be monitored, makes it possible to evaluate concentrations of methylene chloride between 5 and 1000mg m−3, chloroform between 0.1 and 2000mg m−3, and carbon tetrachloride between 0.015 and 1000mg m−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260689
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental study of residual chemicals in elastomeric stoppers for injectables: a MS/GC survey and a headspace/GC purity test (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 545-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; GC/MS and headspace GC ; Elastomeric stoppers for injectables ; Trace hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Elastomeric stoppers for injectables have been surveyed by means of GC/MS screening. Residual contamination by hexanes (2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, n-hexane, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane) toluene and xylenes occurred in all the samples tested. A headspace GC purity test is suggested, by using these residual chemicals as purity indexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260674
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel sealing method in static coating fused-silica capillary column (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 313-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Fused-silica columns ; Static coating ; Sealing method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary In this paper a new sealing method for the static coating of capillary columns is described. When one end of the fully filled capillary was immersed into liquid nitrogen in a Dewar flask, the coating solution at this end would be frozen and became a temporary seal, and an air-free solvent/seal interface was obtained. No bumping has ever been found at the interface, even when butane was used as solvent. By applying this sealing method, several capillary columns, including some narrow bore capillary, had been successfully coated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260783
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte-carlo simulation of gas chromatographic separation for the prediction of retention times and peak half widths (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 28 (1989), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Renewal theory ; Monte-Carlo simulation ; Prediction of retention and peak widths
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new method for prediction of gas chromatographic retention times and peak half widths is based on the renewal theory. The only requirements are the heats of vaporization of the compounds to be separated and one calibration measurement. With this data, retention times and peak half widths can be predicted for isothermal as well as temperature-programmed gas chromatography. For the separation of non-polar substances on non-polar stationary phases the prediction error for retention times is approx. 1–2%. First simulations of polar molecules and polar stationary phases indicate that this method is also applicable in these cases but some extension will be required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260768
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of collision gas pressure and collision energy on reactions between ammonia and protonated trichothecenes in the collision cell of a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 116-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Low-energy reactive collisions between the protonated molecule of a trichothecene and ammonia inside the collision cell of a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer produce an adduct ion, solvated ions and ions formed by substitution reactions and collisionally activated dissociation (CAD). The collision conditions have an important effect on the relative abundances. Energy- and pressure-resolved curves show that the formation of the adduct ion, substitution ions and solvated ions is favoured by high pressure of ammonia (5-9 mTorr) and low collision energy (0.1-10 eV), while the formation of CAD ions is favoured by high pressure and high energy.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180206
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of monosaccharide mixtures by low-energy electron impact mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 145-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of monosaccharide mixtures is explored through low-energy (15 eV) electron impact mass spectrometry of their per-O-acetylated N-(p-nitrophenyl) derivatives with distinctive features on its mass spectra.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180210
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of sulfonated azo dyes in municipal wastewater by ion spray liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 233-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A liquid-solid extraction method suitable for rapid screening of sulfonated azo dyes in municipal wastewater has been developed. The dyes (Color Index Acid Yellow 23, Red 14 and Yellow 49) were separated on a short, reversedphase liquid chromatographic column with a water-methanol gradient containing 2 mM sulfuric acid. The column effluent was directed via a split-valve to an ion spray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) interface to an atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer. The ion spray LC/MS system produced abundant [M - Na]- and [M - 2Na]2- ions according to the number of sulfonic acid substituents. Collision-induced dissociation of the parent ions for the dyes studied gave the SO3-. fragment common to sulfonated compounds plus additional daughter ion fragments characteristic of each dye. The dyes were quantified by monitoring from four to six different daughter ions of each dye. The relative abundances and the sum of the daughter ion current counts were used for confirmation and quantification with external standards. Recoveries of the dyes were in the range of 70-122%, and the relative standard deviation of replicate determinations was 5.4-12%. The method detection limit was three times higher for Acid Yellow 23 compared with the other two dyes, which could be detected down to 50 ppb in municipal wastewater.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180405
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forthcoming events (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 279-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180411
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180801
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  • 35
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    Electronic Resource
    Strategy for the analysis of cuticular hydrocarbon waxes from insects using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with electron impact and chemical ionization (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 787-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric methods have been developed for the analysis of cuticular hydrocarbon waxes from termites, ants and house flies. A combination of electron impact, chemical ionization with ethylene oxide, methane and ammonia together with methoxy mercuration followed by reductive demercuration, enabled alkane and alkene components of waxes from Reticulitermes termites, Hypoponera eduardi, Camponotus Vagus, and Cataglyphis cursor ants and Calliphora Vomitora house flies to be characterized.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180924
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  • 36
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    Electronic Resource
    FAB and tandem mass spectrometry of synthetic neuropeptides and their 2H-labelled analoguesPresented in a preliminary form on the Third International Symposium on The Synthesis and Applications of Isotopically Labelled Compounds, Innsbruck, 1988. (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 836-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment (FAB) combined with tandem mass spectrometry has been used to verify the amino acid sequence in Org 2766 [H-Met(O2)-Glu-His-Phe-D-Lys-(Phe-OH)] and its deuterated analogues. It is shown that FAB mass spectrometry in addition to the [M + H]+ ion yields dominantly N-terminal sequence ions and some C-terminal sequence ions. These results together permit determination of the amount of deuterium incorporated and the position of the denterated amino acids in the peptide.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180930
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181001
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  • 38
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    Packed capillary liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry using a moving belt interfacePresented in part at the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 35th Annual Conference, Denver, 1987 and at the 17th Annual Symposium on the Analytical Chemistry of Pollutants, Jekyll Island, 1987. (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 77-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Packed capillary liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry using a moving belt interface is a practical, versatile technique for the identification of unknowns. The low flow rates (1-2 μl min-1) improve the operation of the moving belt and allow direct deposition of eluates from reversed-phase liquid chromatographic columns containing large proportions of water. Column performance and durability is equivalent to that obtained with conventional or microbore liquid chromatographic columns. Techniques have been developed for analyzing dilute solutions with no loss in column performance and for the detection of radiolabeled metabolites. Applications to analyses of polar, thermally labile compounds and environmental samples are presented.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180111
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge-exchange reactions with water in the detection of perfluorocarbons by thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 106-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) can be detected by thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) only when the system is operated in the negative ion mode with filament on and some water entering the thermospray source. A new mechanism for PFC ionization is proposed, based on studies of LC/MS detection of the perfluorinated forms of cyclohexane, methyl and dimethyl cyclohexane, decalin, 1-methyl decalin and toluene. The ion evaporation mechanism of Dodd, involving pre-ionization of PFCs in the presence of aqueous NH4OAc, is not operative, nor is chemical ionization of PFCs by the reagent ions as in true thermospray LC/MS. Instead, PFC ionization is attributable to the negative ions formed from the water in the source; these ions undergo prompt charge-exchange reactions with the more electronegative PFCs to form structure-retaining PFC ions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180204
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression effects in peptide mapping by plasma desorption mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Suppression effects observed in plasma desorption (PD) mass spectrometry have been studied and compared to those found in fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. A basic difference in the mechanism of suppression in the two techniques is demonstrated. In positive ion mode PD mass spectrometry, peptides carrying net positive charges are preferentially detected when analysed together with peptides carrying net negative charges, and in negative ion mode PD mass spectrometry, the situation is generally reversed. Based on this complementarity, PD mapping carried out by enzymatic digestion of a nitrocellulose-bound sample can in many cases yield almost complete coverage of smaller proteins.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180208
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  • 41
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    Electronic Resource
    Fast atom bombardment and fast atom bombardment collision-activated dissociation/mass-analysed ion kinetic energy analysis of C-glycosidic flavonoids (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 122-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry and FAB tandem mass spectrometry in negative mode can provide molecular weight and very useful structural prior information for C-glycosyl flavonoids without derivatization. Diethanolamine or thioglycerol matrix gave an abundant deprotonated molecular ion for all the studied compounds. Mass-analysed ion kinetic energy (MIKE) and collision-activated dissociation/MIKE spectra provide characteristic fragment ions which permit differentiation of the 6- and/or 8-location, and the position of O-glycosylation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180207
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of megabore capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the analysis of samples generated by the volatile organic sampling train (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 138-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method of analyzing volatile organic sampling train (VOST) samples by megabore capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry has been developed to enhance compound resolution and to improve the characterization of products of incomplete combustion in stack emissions. Several analytical systems were evaluated. The combination of components which gave the best overall performance consisted of a clamshell oven used to desorb the Tenax® and/or Tenax®/charcoal VOST cartridges onto an analytical trap in a commercial purge and trap unit. The purge and trap unit thermally desorbed the contents of the analytical trap onto a megabore capillary column installed in a gas chromatograph where the VOST target compounds were characterized and quantified by a computerized mass spectrometer. All VOST target compounds showed response factors with coefficients of variation of less than 25% for triplicate analyses at four concentrations. The time of analysis using the capillary column was 30% faster than the present VOST protocol that requires packed-column gas chromatography.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180209
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  • 43
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    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic studies of explosives 6. Electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry of metabolites of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 149-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of metabolites of 2,4-dinitrotoluene have been synthesized and analysed by electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Identification characteristics of these metabolites by their mass spectra have been determined. Differentiation of isomers is made possible by electron impact ions which are characteristic to the position of the methyl group with regard to the nitro group and to the position of the carboxylic acid group with regard to the nitro group. Metabolites containing an acetyl amino group are characterized by an [M - COCH2]+. electron impact ion.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180302
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of seven antihistamines, their N-oxides and related metabolites by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 157-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have examined the synthetic N-oxides of five ethylenediamine-type antihistamines using fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry and FAB tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Fragmentation of the protonated molecule in the normal and collisionally activated spectra appeared to be characteristic for this class of antihistamine N-oxide. Spectra were also acquired from an ethanolamine and a propylamine antihistamine N-oxide for comparison. These results were very similar to those obtained from biologically produced antihistamine N-oxides, as well as isomeric metabolites, which were readily distinguished from the N-oxides by characteristic fragmentation. In addition, a prominent ion 16 daltons lower in mass, which has been attributed to loss of elemental oxygen from the protonated N-oxide in chemical ionization mass spectral studies, was shown to be a matrix-dependent product of the solution-phase reduction of the antihistamine N-oxide to the parent antihistamine during FAB ionization. These results demonstrate that with a non-reducing matrix such as glycerol, FAB mass spectrometry and FAB MS/MS are excellent methods for the characterization of the non-conjugated antihistamine metabolites such as the N-oxides.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180303
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  • 45
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    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation of aliphatic formamides: Metabolites of (±)-N-methyl-N-(1-methyl-3,3-diphenylpropyl) formamide in ratsPresented in part at the 35th ASMS Meeting, Denver, Colorado, May 1987. (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 690-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The in vivo biliary and urinary metabolites of (±)-N-methyl-N-(1-methyl-3,3-diphenylpropyl) formamide (1) from male Wistar rats have been characterized by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In urine, non-conjugated metabolites included 1,1-diphenyl-3-butanone (4) and 3-methylamino-1,1, diphenylbutane (7). β-Glucuronidase liberated 4, 1,1-diphenyl-3-butanol (5), 1,1-diphenyl-3-butanone oxime (6), N-hydroxymethyl-N-(1-methyl-3, 3-diphenylpropyl) formamide (3), 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-butanone (11), 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-butanone oxime (12), N-methyl-N-(1-methyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropyl) formamide (8), 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-butanone (16), 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-butanol (17), 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-butanone oxime (18), N-(1-methyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropyl) formamide (14) and N-methyl-N-(1-methyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropyl) formamide (13). Most of the carbinolamide (3) decomposed in the gas chromatograph inlet to N-(1-methyl-3,3-diphenylpropyl) formamide (2) unless stabilized as a trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivative. In bile, compounds 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 16 were present as non-conjugated metabolites. β-Glucuronidase also liberated N-(1-methyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropyl) formamide (9), and all of the previously listed compounds except 7. Trimethylsilylation of the conjugated bile fraction revealed the presence of an additional two compunds: N-hydroxymethyl-N-(1-methyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropyl) formamide (10) and N-hydroxymethyl-N-(1-methyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropyl) formamide (15). A stable carbinolamide metabolite standard was synthesized and the mass spectral fragmentations of its TMS derivative studied by tandem mass spectroscopy. This is the first report on stable carbinolamide metabolites of high-molecular-weight formamides.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180908
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parent ion spectroscopy in the identification of advanced glycation products (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 713-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Advanced glycation products have been investigated by parent ion spectroscopy, employing B2/E = constant linked scans of furoyl ions obtained from hydrolysed glycated albumin and polylysine mixtures, without any extraction procedures. Using such an instrumental approach, together with exact mass measurements and collision spectroscopy, the identification of 2-(2-furoyl)-4-hydroxyl-1H-imidazole and 2-(2-furoyl)-4-carboxy-1H-imidazole among the advanced glycation products has been achieved.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180911
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  • 47
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    Electronic Resource
    Identification of long-chain fatty acids and alcohols from human cerumen by the use of picolinyl and nicotinate esters (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 719-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Human cerumen was hydrolysed with base and the constituents were examined as trimethylsilyl (TMS), methyl ester/TMS, picolinyl/TMS and nicotinate/TMS derivatives by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A sample was also reacted with osmium tetroxide for double bond location. The major constituents were cholesterol, squalene and several series of long-chain fatty acids and alcohols. These latter compounds had chain lengths of 12-26 carbon atoms and were predominantly either straight-chain saturated or straight-chain unsaturated compounds. Saturated branched-chain acids with methyl groups predominantly on even-numbered carbon atoms were present but were less abundant. Unsaturated, branched-chain acids were also present. The major unsaturated acids contained unsaturation at the delta-6-position or were derived from these acids by chain elongation. The compounds were similar to those found in vernix caseosa. The mass spectra of picolinyl esters were, for the first time, shown to be capable of determining both the position of unsaturation and methyl branching in the same molecule.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180912
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  • 48
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    Tandem mass spectrometry of leucine enkephalin and physalaemin using a hybrid instrument (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 727-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Daughter ion mass spectral data of [M + H]+ ions of leucine enkephalin and physalaemin, which were formed by fast atom bombardment, were obtained using an instrument of EBQQ configuration. In the case of leucine enkephalin, experiments were carried out in which the collision energy was varied and the collision gas pressure kept constant and vice versa. The results show that conditions can be established under which seuqence-relevant ions above m/z 200 are formed, as well as under which mainly immonium and acylium type ions are generated. Of possible interest for characterization of unknown peptides, when using hybrid instruments, are the mid-chain cleavage ions, which, at a constant argon gas pressure of 5 × 10-6 mbat, were found to maximize at around 30 eV collision energy. Daughter ion mass spectral data are also presented for [M + H]+ ions of physalaemin (mol. wt 1264). Compared to data obtained for physalaemin on multisector instruments, our results indicate that the formation of mid-chain cleavage ions is clearly enhanced.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Characterization of virus infected cell cultures by pyrolysis/direct chemical ionization mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 757-760 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The supernatants of Vero cell cultures after infection with a herpes simplex virus or a poliomyelitis virus as well as a blank were analysed by pyrolysis/direct chemical ionization mass spectrometry (Py/DCI MS). Informative pyrogrammes were obtained and used for characterization of viral proteins by applying pattern recognition methods. Differentiation of viral proteins was evaluated by analysing ‘blind’ samples. Herpes viruses could be classified correctly but the observed differences between the blank and the polio virus supernatants were too small for reliable classification of the polio viruses. Purification of the samples seems to be a prerequisite for further studies. The potential value of Py/DCI MS as a rapid non-invasive diagnostic method for viral meningoencephalitis is stressed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180919
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    Fast atom bombardment combined with tandem mass spectrometry for analysis of a complex mixture of lipo-oligopeptides from Nocardia rubra cell wallskeletonPart of the results in this paper have been presented at the 36th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, San Francisco, USA, p. 1285 (1988). (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 761-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experimental variables in fast atom bombardment combined with tandem mass spectrometry based on low-energy collision-induced dissociation have been systematically invetigated in order to optimize parameters for analysis of synthetic lipo-oligopeptides. The parameters studied were matrix, ion polarity, collision gas, collision gas pressure and collision energy. The optimal parameters recommended in this study have been applied to the N-terminal amino acid seuquence determination of lipopeptide obtained from Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton. Daughter and parent ion experiments with negative ion fast atom bombardment combined with tandem mass spectrometry have proven to be very useful for structure elucidation of a complex mixture of lipo-oligopeptides.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180920
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    The determination of atmospheric bis (chloromethyl) ether by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 775-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The technique of gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry is applied to the analysis of bis(chloromethyl) ether in laboratory and production environments. A selected reaction monitoring method is shown to yield superior sensitivity and selectivity to previous methods. A detection limit of ∼1 ppt is established even for chemically complex atmospheres which have proved intractable by previous techniques.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180922
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    Capillary gas-liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric measurement of plasma acetate content and (2-13C) acetate enrichment (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 816-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In studies where (2-13C)acetate is employed as isotopic tracer in vivo, we have reported a selected ion monitoring gas-liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric method which allows plasma tracer enrichment as well as plasma acetate content to be determined in the same 200-500 μl sample through the use of methacrylic acid as the assay internal standard. For standard solutions in the range equivalent to plasma acetic acid concentrations of 10-200 μM, assay precision was ±4.3%. For plasma samples in the physiological range (approximately 20-300 μM acetate) assay precision averaged better than ±5%. The use of the method is illustrated by measuring acetate turnover in a young adult.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180927
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    Announcement (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180402
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    Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of some aminoglucoses and glucosamine phosphates and sulphates (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 241-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry in combination with collisional activation has been used to investigate a number os amino- and phosphate-substituted glucoses and of phosphate- and sulphate-substituted glucosamines. The collisional activation spectra of the [M - H]- ions readily reveal the presence of sulphate or phosphate substituents, whereas specific fragmentation reactions can be used to distinguish among the various positional isomers. The fragmentation of the pseudomolecular cations depends on the number of Na atoms incorporated. By selecting the appropriate pseudomolecular ion it is possible to get information on the nature and/or position of the substituents.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180406
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    Capillary zone electrophoresis/tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of sulfonated azo dyes (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 253-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Full-scan capillary zone electrophoresis/mass spectrometry and capillary zone electrophoresis/tandem mass spectrometry (CZE/MS/MS) are demonstrated for the determination of monosulfonated and polysulfonated azo dyes at the low picomole levels. Under selected ion monitoring conditions femtomole levels of the dyes are detectable. Ion evaporation via the ion spray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry interface is a mild form of ionization exhibiting only deprotonated singly charged or poly-deprotonated multiply charged negative molecular ions for sulfonated azo dyes. CZE/MS/MS daughter ion scanning after collision-induced dissociation of the molecular species for all sulfonated azo dyes contained the sulfonate ion (m/z 80). The presence of three sulfonated azo dyes in a wastewater extract was confirmed by parent ion scanning for the sulfonate daughter ion (m/z 80).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180408
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    Analysis of platelet activating factor in human saliva by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 258-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Platelet activating factor (PAF) bioactivity has been demonstrated in saliva from normal volunteers. We sought structural confirmation and evidence of heterogeneity in the 1-O-alkyl chain of the acetyl glyceryl ether phosphoryl choline (AGEPC) extracted from saliva by employing stable isotope dilution techniques in conjunction with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The method described involves removal of the polar phosphocholine moiety, accounts for acetyl group migration, and allows for acylation of the resultant free hydroxyl with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) purification is undertaken after phospholipase C cleavage and again after pentafluorobenzoyl chloride derivatization. The majority of the ion current is represented in the molecular anion, allowing measurement of 50 pg in biological fluid with a signal-to-noise ratio of ≥9. In one subject with markedly increased salivary PAF levels, we found evidence for molecular heterogeneity of AGEPC with production of not only C16:0 but also C18:0 and C18:1 in the alkyl chain. This technique, by using TLC in lieu of high-performance liquid chromatography, avoids potentially confounding trace contamination effects, produces spectra with few interfering signals and increases sample throughput.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180409
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180501
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    Mass spectral investigations on trichothecene mycotoxins. VIII - thermospray ionization and collisionally activated dissociation of macrocyclic trichothecenes (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 287-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several structurally similar, biologically active macrocyclic trichothecenes were ionized under thermospray conditions followed by collisionally activated dissociation of the ammonium adducts. Most of the observed daughter ions were formed by bond cleavage at the exocyclic ester bridges. Compounds with similar ester bridges formed several common daughter ions and underwent similar neutral losses. Fragmentation pathways proposed for the dissociation of the adducts were confirmed from the corresponding neutral loss spectra. Simple experiments designed for the sequential monitoring of the characteristic daughter ions were used for the rapid, direct and accurate analysis of macrocyclic trichothecenes in real samples. The primary drawback of the method is its inability to distinguish between isomers.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180503
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    Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and selective acid hydrolysis for the analysis of partially modified retro-inverso peptide analogues (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 867-871 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry has been successfully applied to the analysis of partially modified retro-inverso peptide isomers. The spectra are characterized by abundant protonated molecular ions and also by sequence ions due to fragmentation of the inverted bonds. Unambiguous information, as to the nature and the position in the backbone of the amino acids involved in the partial modification of the structure, are given by using a combination of FAB mass spectrometry and partial, selective acid hydrolysis, without separation of the resulting peptide mixtures.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181005
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    Practical considerations in the use of stable isotope labelled compounds as tracers in clinical studies (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Increasingly widespread usage of stable isotope tracers to aid clinical diagnosis and support basic research has stemmed from both advances in mass spectrometry and the availability of competitively priced labelled compounds. Stable isotopes have been used generally to investigate normal and abnormal metabolic pathways, to estimate energy expenditure and body composition and to quantitate substrate flux and oxidation rates. Despite the fact that the underlying principles relating to the use of stable isotopes for in vivo studies are straightforward, careful consideration must be given to all aspects of human studies. This review highlights some of these, including choice of label and tracer molecule, mode of tracer administration and sampling site, analytical instrumentation, interpretation of data and ethical constraints.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180507
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180601
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    Forthcoming events (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 358-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180512
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    Direct liquid inlet liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric identification and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of a benzodiazepine glucuronide (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 359-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The glucuronide of N-1-hydroxy-ethyl flurazepam has been analysed by a direct liquid inlet liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric system using MeOH/H2O (70:30 v/v) as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 0.7 ml min-1. Urine samples were purified by amberlite XAD-2 chromatography; the glucuronide was quantified by highperformance liquid chromatography using a counterion (tetrabutyl ammonium nitrate in methanol). Chromatographic results were validated by an enzymatic method: treatment of the samples with β-glucuronidase and extraction of the parent drug with ethyl ether at pH 9. The biological application of this method was demonstrated by determination of this glucuronide in the urine of healthy human volunteers following a single intravenous administration of 50 mg of N-1-hydroxy-ethyl flurazepam.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180602
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    Mass spectrometry of domoic acid, a marine neurotoxinNRCC No. 29369. (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 373-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Domoic acid is a naturally occurring amino acid, formerly available in limited amounts as a natural product of some algae of the family Rhodomelaceae. As the result of a recent incidence of toxicity in cultured blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from a highly localized region of Atlantic Canada, useful amounts of this substance are likely to become available in the near future. Domoic acid is an important substance for fundamental studies in neurobiology as it possesses the highest affinity amongst known substances for the kainate receptors of the central nervous system. The present work describes fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra of domoic acid, and of some of its isomers present in minor quantities in contaminated mussel extracts. These FAB spectra are subject to interferences from beam-inducced reduction reactions associated with matrices such as glycerol, but not with others such as 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol. Tandem mass spectrometry of the MH+ ions from these compounds is also reported. As a more feasible approach to quantitative analysis at trace levels, formation of the volatile tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives has been investigated and shown to be highly promising.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180604
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    Collisional activation mass spectra of M-. ions of azo dyes containing 2-naphthol (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 394-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Collisionally activated decomposition mass spectra of M-. ions of azo dyes are presented. The compounds are of general structure Ar(1)—N=N—Ar(2), where Ar(1) is substituted phenyl and Ar(2) is 2-naphthol. Characteristic fragment ions observed include m/z 157, which corresponds to the 2-naphthol substituent with cleavage of the —N=N— bond represented as [Ar(2) - N]-.. Ion of general structure [Ar(1)- NH]- are also observed. Parent ion scans of m/z 157 provide a potential screening technique for 2-naphthol-containing axo dyes. Specific results are reported for the chloroform extract of FD&C Red #8, and capillary gas chromatographic introduction is compared with direct exposure probe introduction for the identification of dyes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180606
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    Studies on the biotransformation of ketamine. II - quantitative significance of the N-demethylation pathway in rats in vivo determined by a novel stable isotope technique (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 401-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to determine the fraction of an intravenous bolus dose of ketamine which is metabolized in vivo to the corresponding N-desmethyl compound, norketamine, a novel stable isotope technique was developed and applied to a study in rats. Co-injection of equimoiar amounts of deuterium-labeled ketamine and unlabeled norketamine to four animals, followed by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of both the administered compounds and deuterium-labeled norketamine in plasma yielded pharmacokinetic data from which the fraction of the parent drug subjected to N-demethylation (fm) was calculated from AUC data to be 36.8 ± 2.4%. It is concluded that this stable isotope co-administration technique represents a powerful approach to the determination of fm, in that the pharmacokinetics of the metabolite of interest, given as the preformed compound and generated in vivo, are determined simultaneously. This experimental design thus obviates the influence of time-dependent changes in metabolite clearance which may complicate the interpretation of studies performed using the classical cross-over design.
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    Profiles in altered metabolism. IV - induction of acute dicarboxylic aciduria following 2-octynoic acid administration to the ratPrevious paper in this series: ‘Profiles in Altered Metabolism III - (Ω-1)-Hydroxyacid Excretion in a Case of Episodic Hypoglycemia’, O. A. Mamer, J. A. Montgomery and E. Colle, Biomed. Mass Spectrom., 7, 53 (1980). (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 416-423 
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    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Rats given 2-octynoic acid by intraperitoneal injection excrete elevated amounts of medium-chain dicarboxylic acids and other acidic metabolites usually associated with human medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Onset of this organic acid profile is immediate and lasts for approximately 24 h. The induced acidosis in this animal model closely, acutely and transiently resembles the human disorder. The 2-octynoate load is also extensively Ω- and Ψ-oxidized, and evidence is presented for the enzymic hydration of 2-octynoate to 3-ketooctanoic acid.
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    High-sensitivity thermospray ionization mass spectrometry of dyes (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 445-449 
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    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of dyes belonging to different chemical classes have been analyzed by thermospray (TSP) ionization mass spectrometry using a modified source containing a wire-repeller. Detection limits were determined and found to be in the range 0.05-20 ng, which are lower by a factor of 10-400 than previously published results. Positive-ion TSP mass spectra of some sulfonated dyes could be recorded for the first time owing to the increased sensitivity. Losses of SO3Na and 2SO3Na as well as losses of Na and 2Na were observed. The losses of each one of these groups involved replacement by a hydrogen atom.
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180701
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    Identification of point of specific enzymic cleavage of P1,P4-bis(5′-adenosy) tetraphosphate by negative ion FAB mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 450-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180615
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    Determination of the new aromatic retinoic acid Ro 13-7410 in plasma by two-dimensional gas chromatography negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoringDedicated to Professor Dr. Gerhard Spiteller on the occasion of his 60th birthday. (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 453-463 
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    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A highly sensitive and specific method for the determination of the aromatic retinoic acid Ro 13-7410 in plasma at the picogram per millilitre level is described. The method involves extraction of plasma using Extrelut-1 columns, purification of the extract with Bond Elut-NH2 cartridges, derivatization with pentafluorobenzyl bromide, and subsequent analysis by two-dimensional capillary gas chromatography using the zone-cutting technique, stable isotope dilution and selective negative ion monitoring chemical ionization mass spectrometry. A tetradeuterated analogue is used as internal standard. Quantification is possible down to 25 pg/ml using 1 ml of plasma. The coefficients of variation of the method as calculated from quality control samples are 8.5 and 4.2% at the 100 and 400 pg/ml levels. The method has been applied to the analysis of plasma of volunteers following an oral dose of 40 μg Ro 13-7410 and plasma of dogs following an intravenous and oral dose of 25 and 50 μg, respectively.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180703
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    Identification and determination of tert-alkylphenols in carp from the trenton channel of the Detroit River, Michigan, USA (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 478-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Whole carp from the Detroit River were analyzed by gas chromatographic mass spectrometry. Seven tertiary alkyl phenols (tert-pentylphenols, tert-butyl-tert-pentylphenols, a di-tert-pentylphenol and a tri-tert-pentylphenol) and eight chlorinated derivatives of these compounds were identified from their mass spectra and confirmed with synthesized authentic standards. 2,4-Di-tert-pentylphenol was the most abundant of these compounds; in one fish sample, its concentration was about 140 ppm. The same alkyl phenols were also found in technical-grade 2,4-di-tert-pentylphenol, which is manufactured at a chemical plant located near the Detroit River. Comparison of the alkyl phenol levels in carp with those in nearby sediments showed that many of these compounds are taken up by carp and that carp can be used to roughly track local sediment contamination.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180706
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    Identification of mustard related compounds in aqueous samples by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 484-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, under electron impact and chemical ionization conditions, was used for the detection and identification of mustard and other sulfur vesicant-related decomposition products in a number of aqueous sample extracts. Interpretation of the mass spectral, infrared, chromatographic and trimethylsilyl derivatization data acquired during this study enabled the identification of nineteen sulfur vesicant-related hydrolysis products. Many of the compounds characterized during these analyses, including a number of ether/thioether macrocycles and vinyl alcohols, have either not been previously reported or have not been previously associated with the decomposition of munitions-grade mustard.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180707
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  • 74
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    Collisional activation mass spectrometry of doubly charged ions from hexachlorobiphenyl isomers (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 507-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180711
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  • 75
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    Facile connection of aluminium clad capillary GC columns to a magnetic sector mass spectrometer (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 503-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180710
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  • 76
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    Electronic Resource
    Guest editorial (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. ii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180802
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  • 77
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    Electron impact mass spectrometry of substituted 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decan-4-ones (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1000-1004 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The neuroleptic butyrophenone drug spiroperidol (8-[4-fluorophenyl)-(4-oxobutyl]-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decan-4-one) and related compounds are valuable tools for mapping the dopamine receptors in the brain. During the development of the radiochemical synthesis of these compounds with very short-lived isotopes suitable for positron emission tomography studies, positive electron impact mass spectrometric information was obtained. Ion series are present in the spectra of all 12 compounds studied, which unambiguously allow recognition of type and site of substitution on the spiro system.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181108
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  • 78
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    Analysis by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of 4,4-dicarboxy-5-(pyridoxyl-5′-phosphate)-proline, of 4-carboxy-5-(pyridoxyl-5′-phosphate)-proline and 4,4-dicarboxy-5-pyridoxylproline (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 995-999 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: γ-Carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) reacts easily and quantitatively with piridoxal-5′-phosphate in H2O at room temperature, to give the 4,4-dicarboxy-5-(pyridoxyl-5′-phosphate)-proline (1). This product has been characterized by fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry, including the B/E linked scan technique, ultraviolet and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. In order to support further on the structure of 1, the 4-monodecarboxyderivative (2), obtained by heating compound 1 at 100°C for 30 min and the 5′-dephosphoderivative (3), obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of 1 with alkaline phosphatase, were also analysed by FAB and 1H NMR techniques. FAB was shown to be the only adequate ionization technique to deal with such thermolabile and non-volatile compounds and could provide an elegant and fast method to detect Gla in biological matrices.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181107
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  • 79
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    Quantitative determination of arecoline in plasma by gas chromatography chemical ionization mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1005-1009 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the quantitative analysis of arecoline in plasma has been developed for concentrations in the range 1-50 ng ml-1. Hexadeuterated arecoline was utilized as the internal standard. The removal of drug from plasma was accomplished by a two-step liquid/liquid extraction procedure involving a wash step followed by extraction with 5% triethyl amine in ethyl acetate. The GC/MS determinations were carried out with temperature-programmed capillary GC and ammonia chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The [M + H]+ ions of both analyte and internal standard were monitored at m/z 156 and 162, respectively. The method is linear and has sufficient sensitivity, precision, accuracy and selectivity for analysis of drug levels in human plasma.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181109
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  • 80
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    Determination of the new aromatase inhibitor CGS 16 949 in biological fluids by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 558-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A specific and sensitive gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of the aromatase inhibitor CGS 16 949 in plasma and urine. A deuterium-labelled analogue of CGS 16 949 was used as internal standard. The analysis of spiked samples demonstrated the good accuracy and precision of the method. For both plasma and urine, the limit of quantification (LOQ: coefficient of variation (CV) = 10%) and the limit of detection (LOD: CV = 100%) were estimated to be 5 and 1 nmol l-1, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of unchanged CGS 16 949 in plasma and urine of a healthy volunteer orally dosed with 1 mg of CGS 16 949 A.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180808
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  • 81
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    Determination of pipecolic acid in serum or plasma by solid-phase extraction and isotope dilution mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 566-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The determination of pipecolic acid in serum or plasma by positive chemical ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is assessed. This quantitative method involves stable isotope dilution and cation-exchange solid-phase extraction. Several derivatives of pipecolic acid and its octadeuterated analogue were investigated for their mass spectrometric characteristics. The beptafluorobutyric methyl ester derivatives afford optimal resolution on gas chromatography of biological extracts. Moreover, the derivatizing reagent (methanolic HCl) allows a combined elution and derivatization. Selected ion monitoring is performed on the [M + H]+ ions of both analyte and internal standard, at m/z 340 and 348, respectively. Serum or plasma samples from healthy subjects and patients suspected of peroxisomal diseases have been examined.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180810
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  • 82
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    On the use of laser microprobe mass spectrometry for the analysis of organic biomolecules (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 581-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser microprobe mass spectrometry has been applied to a variety of organic polyfunctional molecules, covering a wide range of polarity and mass spectrometric behaviour. The technique apparently combines desorption under relatively soft conditions with extensive fragmentation and hence allows much structural information from intactly released thermolabiles to be obtained. The mass spectra appear unfamiliar in comparison to conventional techniques. Interpretation is attempted in a purely empirical way by means of the evidence from our database and tentative hypotheses to rationalize the desorption and ionization by laser microbeam irradiation of organic solids. Selected examples are presented to illustrate the potential and limitations of the method in the field of biomolecules, such as pyridoxine and pyridoxal phosphate, nucleosides, nucleotides and related analogues, drugs and the corresponding N-oxides.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180813
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  • 83
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    Differentiation of spruce needles by integrated mass spectra and principal component analysisCharacterization of Plant Materials by Pyrolysis-Field Ionization Mass Spectrometry Part IV; for part I see ref. 11, part II ref. 14 and part III ref. 15. (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1023-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spruce needles differing in age and from different trees were analysed by temperature-programmed pyrolysis (Py) field ionization (FI) mass spectrometry. The integrated Py-FI mass spectra are highly reproducible and characteristic. Their information can be used to distinguish the needle samples. The chemical differences between the samples are explained by interpreting the most relevant principal components of the mass spectral data set. The results suggest that Py-FI mass spectra can be used to detect slight changes in plant materials which are due to natural ageing and chemical effects of environmental pollution such as acid rain. It is shown that Py-FI mass spectrometry in combination with pattern recognition techniques is well suited for environmental monitoring.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181112
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  • 84
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    Forthcoming events (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1035-1035 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181114
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  • 85
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    Announcement (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1036-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181115
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  • 86
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    Masthead (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181201
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  • 87
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    Desorption of ions from rat membranes: Selectivity of different ionization techniques (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1037-1045 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complex lipid biomarkers, including phosphatidylcholines, cerebrosides and sulfatides, are shown to be desorbed intact from rat brain myelin and rat liver microsomes by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry, by plasma desorption and by laser desorption. Different polar lipids are favored by the different desorption techniques and as negative or positive ions. These selectivities support current theories about ionization for the different techniques.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181202
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  • 88
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    Analysis of glycolipids by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1046-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The positive and negative ion fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra of four glycolipids obtained from microbial cultures are reported. The spectra of the glycolipids in the positive ion mode are characterized by abundant [M + Na]+, [M + Na + matrix]+ and [M + 2Na - H]+ species. In negative FAB conditions the molecules yield [M - H]-. Our understanding of the FAB behaviour of glycolipids in both positive and negative modes has been considerably aided in the structure elucidation, without any derivatization or degradation reaction of the compounds studied. The technique allows unambiguous molecular weight determination of low-microgram amounts of these glycolipids purified from biological sources and provides useful fragmentation information.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181203
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  • 89
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    Molecular species analysis of phospholipids by negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry: Application of surface precipitation technique (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1051-1056 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eight phospholipidic classes from bovine brain cortex and soybean were prepared and purified by preparative high-performance and liquid chromatography, and their molecular species were identified by negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry using the ‘surface precipitation’ method. Its main advantages are: (i) clear-cut and abundant diagnostic ions for structural elucidation of the species; (ii) fragments characteristic of the main fatty acids, the polar head-group and the molecule frame in phospholipids; (iii) less background caused by the liquid matrix.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181204
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  • 90
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    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of a thromboxane A2 antagonist in isolated rat hepatocytes (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1057-1062 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Metabolism of a thromboxane A2 antagonist (±)-5-(Z)-7-(3-endo-phenylsulphonylaminobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-exoyl)-heptenoic acid (S-145) in isolated rat hepatocytes was examined by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. As the hydrophobic metabolites, bis-nor S-145, tetra-nor S-145 and bis-nordihydro S-145 were identified, and two other products were estimated to be monohydroxylated S-145 and dehydrogenated S-145. On the basis of kinetics of S-145 metabolism, a metabolic pathway of S-145 in isolated hepatocytes is tentatively proposed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181205
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  • 91
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    Direct detection of organic compounds in water at parts-per-billion levels using a simple membrane probe and a quadrupole ion trap (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1063-1070 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Organic compounds present in aqueous solutions can be analyzed directly using a quadrupole ion trap detector (ITD) when the solution is introduced via a hollow fiber membrane probe. The flow-through configuration used for sample introduction allows the aqueous solution to flow through the capillary membrane tubing while the organic compounds which selectively permeate the membrane are ionized in the ion source. In this mode of operation, the instrument shows high sensitivity. Chemical ionization mass spectra for a set of ten organic compounds of environmental interest were recorded and the ITD/membrane system was found to consistently allow detection of part-per-billion (ppb) levels of these compounds directly from water without any preconcentration. Analysis of well water samples containing ppb to part-per-million levels of organics was demonstrated using the ITD/membrane system. The combination of the membrane probe and ion trap produces a compact, inexpensive, rapid and sensitive system for environmental analysis. The flow-through membrane configuration was also used with a direct insertion probe in a triple quadrupole. Detection limits in the ppb range for organic compounds in water were measured. Detection of particular compounds in complex matrices was demonstrated by detection of 10 ppb 2-methoxypyridine in a fermentation medium using a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181206
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  • 92
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    Analysis of cyclodextrins using fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1071-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The combination of fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry (FAB/MS) and FAB with tandem mass spectrometry (FAB/MS/MS) was used for the characterization of nearly 30 chemically modified cyclodextrins. Optimum FAB/MS analysis conditions as well as both positive and negative ion FAB data are presented. In addition, FAB/MS and FAB/MS/MS were used to characterize the in vitro reaction products of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) with soman, an organophosphorous nerve agent. The main product identified from the reaction was a covalently bound soman-βCD conjugate.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181207
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  • 93
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    Collision-induced dissociation mass spectrum of polyamino alcohol derivative of a bacterial lipopeptide (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1099-1101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181211
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  • 94
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    Enhancing the stability of disulfide - bond containing peptides under fast-atom bombardment conditions (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 1102-1104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200181212
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  • 95
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    Diary (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180030102
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  • 96
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    Masthead (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180030101
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  • 97
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    Editorial (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989), S. 1-1 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180030103
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  • 98
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    A multiblock partial least squares algorithm for investigating complex chemical systems (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989), S. 3-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Algorithm ; Computer program ; Data modeling ; Latent variables ; Multiblock ; Multivariate ; PLS ; Process model ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The details of a general multiblock partial least squares (PLS) algorithm based on one originally presented by Wold et al. have been developed and are completely presented. The algorithm can handle most types of relationships between the blocks and constitutes a significant advancement in the modeling of complex chemical systems. The algorithm has been programmed in FORTRAN and has been tested on two simulated multiblock problems, a three-block and a five-block problem. The algorithm combines the score vectors for all blocks predicting a particular block into a new block. This new block is used to predict the predicted block in a manner analogous to the two-block PLS. In a similar manner if one block predicts more than one other block, the score vectors of all predicted blocks are combined to form a new block, which is then predicted by the predictor block as in the two-block PLS. Blocks that both predict and are predicted are treated in such a way that both of these roles can be taken into account when calculating interblock relationships. The results of numerical simulations indicate that the computer program is operating properly and that the multiblock PLS produces meaningful and consistent results.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180030104
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  • 99
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    Characterization of the effect of peak shifts on the performance of the Kalman filter in multicomponent analyses (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989), S. 21-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Kalman filter ; Multicomponent analysis ; Fluorescence spectral shifts ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of peak shifts on the performance of a Kalman filter multicomponent analysis algorithm has been investigated. A series of Gaussian test systems were employed to characterize the concentration estimation errors and the morphology of the on-line residuals (the innovations sequence). Both forward and reverse filters were used in the generation of the innovations sequences. It was found that the difference between the forward and reverse innovations sequences gave an accurate indication of the direction and magnitude of the peak shift. A series of overlapped two-component systems were also investigated. Again, a correlation between the difference innovations and the degree of the response shift was observed. The behavior of the Kalman filter in fitting the shifted fluorescence emission spectrum of benzo[a]pyrene was also examined. The response for benzo[a]pyrene in cyclohexane solution was compared to that obtained on the surface surface of a reversed phase thin layer chromatography plate. A red shift of 4 nm was detected for the surface spectrum by observing the difference innovations sequence. This approach holds promise for correction of response shifts in multicomponent systems.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180030105
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between higher-order data array configurations and problem formulations in multivariate data analysis (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989), S. 33-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Higher-order data arrays ; Dimensionality ; Data modelling ; Classification ; Discrimination ; Correlation ; Regression ; Systematics of data analysis ; Opportunities for future developments ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A scaffold for detailed understanding of the concept ‘dimensionality’ in data analysis is furnished by a systematic classification of higher-order data array configurations. Three major types of problem formulation in multivariate data analysis can be characterized for relevant data classes: 1data description (intra-class data structure modelling of inter-object and inter-variable relationships)2classification (inter-class discrimination)3correlation, regression (inter-variable relationships).The relationship between these three categories of data analytical problem formulation and the fundamental data array classification is exposed. These relations are augmented to include the general case of data arrays of order R, and R-way data analysis with the use of bilinear projections is presented. Based upon this, some possible directions for the future development of data analysis may be imagined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180030106
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