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  • 1970-1974  (2,128)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (2,128)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 264-266 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The lanthanide induced chemical shifts and coupling constants have been determined for ring A protons of steroids having a keto, hydroxyl, or acetate functional group at C-3. The assignments were made with the aid of suitably deuterated compounds and should prove useful in steroidal stereochemical and conformational studies.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 102
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 395-397 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: All 13C - 13C splittings involving the C-4 carbon of 4-propyl-3-heptene and the C-1 carbon of 1-methylcyclohexene were determined from the appropriately labeled (〉 90%-13C) derivatives. The observed trends in coupling constants continue to offer additional means of carbon chemical shift assignments and to provide mechanistic information regarding the nature of long range carbon - carbon coupling.
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  • 103
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A4 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 404-406 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 19F spectrum of cis-1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane has been fully analysed on the basis of an [ABX]2 spin system, with initial treatment at an [AMX]2 level. The chemical shift and coupling constants are presented, and the latter are discussed. Some comments are made on the spectrum of the trans isomer.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 105
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1H NMR spectra of trans-3-phenylmethylidenephthalide and trans-3-phenylthiomethylidenephthalide derivatives were investigated. After applying a correction for the anisotropy of substituents and/or for changes of ring current in the substituted aromatic ring, linear correlations were obtained between the chemical shifts of protons of the substituted phenyl group and the methine group and s̰ constants of substituents. The influence of the bridge heteroatom on the transfer of electronic effects of substituents through the molecules under study is discussed.
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  • 106
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. A7 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 108
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: INDOR experiments indicate 4J(P—C—C—O—H) to be positive for the β-hydroxyphosphonate ester RS,RS dissolved in (CD3)2CO or (CD3)2SO. The higher value observed in (CD3)2SO than in (CD3)2CO shows that a W geometry makes this coupling constant more positive.
    Notes: Des expériences d'INDOR effectuées sur le β-hydroxyphosphonate ester RS,RS en solution dans le (CD3)2CO ou (CD3)2SO montrent que le couplage 4J(P—C—C—O—H) est positif. La valeur plus élevée de ce couplage dans (CD3)2SO que dans (CD3)2CO indique qu'une géométrie en W rend le couplage plus positif.
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  • 109
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon-13 chemical shifts of sixteen monosubstituted ethylenes were obtained. In order to explain the chemical shifts, σ and π electron densities of these compounds are calculated by the σ-included ω-HMO method.See Ref. 8. A linear relationship exists between carbon-13 chemical shifts and the calculated electron densities, and also between substituent constants and electron densities. A slope of unity is obtained between the chemical shifts of α carbons of monosubstituted ethylenes and those of carbons adjacent to the substituents in monosubstituted benzenes. On the other hand, a plot of chemical shifts of Cortho of benzene derivatives against that of the β carbon in ethylene derivatives gives a slope of 3. These slopes can be explained by the calculated electron densities. A slope of 4/3 is obtained between the direct coupling constant 1J(C—H) of the α carbon in monosubstituted ethylenes and that in the corresponding substituted methanes.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 421-429 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The solution ESR spectra of radicals which have been prepared by electrolytic reduction of dinuclear and trinuclear polymethinecyanine dyes are interpreted. From the values of the coupling constants information can be obtained about the conformation of the radicals.
    Notes: Die ESR-Spektren von Radikalen in Lösung, die durch elektrolytische Reduktion dinuclearer und trinclearer Polymethincyanin-Farbstoffe erhalten wurden, werden interpretiert. Aus den Werten der Kopplungskonstanten lassen sich Aussagen über die Konformation der Radikale gewinnen.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 111
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 433-435 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Assignment of the 13C resonances of β-carotene and axerophthene are achieved as limiting cases of a series of apocarotinals with increasing chain length. Thus detailed information can be obtained about the polarisation of double bonds as a function of the distance from the carbonyl group, and by means of the individual relaxation times, T1, about the mobility of the molecule.
    Notes: Eine Zuordnung der 13-Resonanzfrequenzen von β-Carotin gelingt als Grenzwert einer Serie von Apocarotinalen mit wachsender Kettenlänge. Dadurch erhält man genauen Einblick in die abklingende Polarisierung der Doppelbindungen mit wachsendem Abstand von der Carbonylgruppe und mit Hilfe der Relaxationszeiten in die Beweglichkeit des Moleküls.
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  • 112
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 441-444 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preferred solute conformation of ethyl 3α-phenyltropane-3β-carboxylate hydrochloride, the tropane analogue of pethidine, is shown to be a piperidine chair with an axial 3-phenyl substituent by analysis of its 1H NMR characteristics and spectral comparisons with model compounds. Conformational studies of synthetic intermediates are also reported and favoured boat forms identified for 3α-diphenylhydroxymethyl-3β-tropanol and 3α-phenyl-3β-tropanyl phenyl ketone. In the hot-plate test for analgesia performed on mice, ethyl 3α-phenyltropane-3β-carboxylate is about 1·5 times as effective as pethidine.
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  • 113
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ESR spectrum of Na pyrazine in DME, at temperatures below -50°C, has been studied in detail. It is shown that two paramagnetic species with slightly different g values are present in the solution, i.e. the sodium pyrazine ion pair [Na P] and the iriple ion [Na P Na]+. The interpretation is based on the concentration dependence of the spectrum.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 114
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A variable temperature study of iminium salts is carried out. Several hindered rotations are observed around C—N and C—C bonds. Structural information is discussed.
    Notes: Une étude RMN des sels d'iminium de formule générale a été réalisée à diverses températures.
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  • 115
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 461-465 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C FT-NMR spectra of thirteen furans, monodi- or trisubstituted with methyl and/or t-butyl groups, were studied in detail. Substituent effects of methyl and t-butyl groups on the chemical shifts of ring carbon atoms are additive in nonsterically hindered furans. Steric shifts for the ring carbon atoms are found in furans with bulky neighbouring substituents, but the hybridisation of the carbon atoms in these hindered furans is not changed. The chemical shifts of the substituents are calculated according to the Grant-Cheney formula. No simple relationship between steric shift and steric hindrance can be ascertained.
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  • 116
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 466-468 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two half amides of itaconic acid, (1) and (2), have been synthesized and identified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a preliminary to an interpretation of the mechanism of action of succinate thiokinase on guanosine triphosphate substrates.
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  • 117
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 469-470 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 118
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 119
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several structurally related ring B seco 5-keto compounds (I to VII) have been examined. The mass spectra of I, II, III and IV are conspicuous by an intense peak at m/e112(C7H12O) and those of V (highest mass peak at [M — CH3COOH]), VI and VII by a prominent peak at m/e 100 (C7H10O), which apparently results from McLafferty rearrangement involving 5-keto function and an appropriate γ-hydrogen at C-8 and C-11. This rearrangement, leading to the aforementioned ions, is of diagnostic value in the characterisation of such compounds. The mass spectrum of VIII exhibits a prominent ion peak at m/e 332 (C23H40O) resulting from McLafferty rearrangement involving the 5-keto function and C2—H. This offers an excellent means of differentiating between the isomeric acids (III and VIII). The fragmentation pathways suggested are supported by accurate mass measurement of the salient fragment ions and in some cases by appropriate metastable peaks.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 120
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 11-23 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A series of 3-acetoxy bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene 5,6 dicarboxylic anhydrides with different substituents is studied by high resolution mass spectrometry. The spectra obtained are complicated and can only be differentiated by the presence of certain peaks and their variable relative abundances. We have almost entirely explained these peaks by the use of classic degradation mechanisms. We have applied the explanations advanced by Cimarusti and Wolinsky for a series of analogues.The degradation scheme is very similar for all the products, and is unaffected by the substituents and their relative position.
    Notes: Une série d'anhydrides du type acétoxy-3 bicyclo[2.2.2]octéne-2 dicarboxylique-5,6 ne différant que par des substituants hydrocarbonés, a été étudiée en spectrométrie de masse é I'aide de la haute résolution. Les spectres de cette série sont complexes et ne différent que par la présence de certains pics et par des intensités relatives variables. Par des mécanismes classiques, nous avons pu expliquer la presque totalité des pics. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur les mécanismes observés dans une série analogue1,2 de bicyclo-[2.2.2]octéne-2 étudiée par Cimarusti et Wolinsky. On retrouve le méme schéma directeur quels que soient les substituants et les positions relatives de ceux-ci.
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  • 121
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral fragmentation behaviour of substituted sulphur containing pyridazines, pyrido (2,3-d) pyridazines and pyrido-thiazolo-pyridazines has been investigated and fragmentation patterns proposed.
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  • 122
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The appearance potentials of [C9H9]+ have been estimated and the enthalpy of formation, calculated from the data, is correlated with different structural proposals. Open chain structures can be eliminated in favour of aromatic ones (vinyltropylium or indanyl cation). The structure of the unstable [C9H9]+ ions is investigated by means of 13C-labelled compounds. The results are also in agreement with the acceptance of aromatic structures.
    Notes: Die Auftrittspotentiale von [C9H9]+ werden bestimmt und die baraus berechneten Bildungsenthalpien mit verschiedenen Strukturvorschlägen korreliert. Offenkettige Strukturen können in allen Fällen zugunsten von aromatischen (Vinyltropylium-,bzw. Indanylkation) aus-geschlossen werden. Die Struktur der instabilen [C9H9]+-Ionen wird mit Hilfe 13C-markierter Verbindungen untersucht. Auch hier stehen die Ergebnisse mit der Annahme aromatischer Strukturen im Einklang.
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  • 123
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 61-76 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Six methods of estimating appearance potentials from ionization efficiency curves of ions arising from single, competitive, consecutive and isolated ionic reactions are evaluated, using computed electron-impact ionization efficiency curves as ‘experimental’ data.Of the linear extrapolation, semi-log, second derivative, energy compensation, Warren and critical slope methods, a modified critical slope method gives the most accurate appearance potentials for fragment ions. Experimental data are presented to support this conclusion.
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  • 124
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 43-48 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Substituted-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine nitroxides are stable free radicals used extensively in the synthesis of ‘spin labels’. The high resolution mass spectra of these nitroxides substituted with —CH2OH, —OH, —NH2 and =o have been recorded on magnetic tape and the elemental compositions of the ions calculated by computer. Ionisation by electron bombardment(70eV), gives rise to an even-electron molecular ion species. [M+1]+. ions are observed in the spectra of all compounds examined, except in the case of the 3-carbonyl compound, 2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolid-3-one-1-oxyl. Loss of a methyl radical from these ions leads to the appearance of ions at [M -14]+. The predominant fragmentation for those compounds in which the substituents can supply electrons to the ring, is the sequential elimination of isobutene, nitric oxide and a hydrogen radical. In the case of the 3-hydroxy compound, these ions account for 23 percent of the total ion current.2,2,5,5-Tetramethylpyrrolid-3-one-1-oxyl, which bears an electron-withdrawing substituent gives rise to a fragmentation pattern somewhat different from those of the other compounds. The main features are the absence of a peak at [M + 1]+· and the general phenomenon of fewer peaks but with higher intensities.
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  • 125
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The CH4 chemical ionization (CI) spectra of several keto-steroids are reported as well as the H2 and C3H8CI spectra of a few keto-steroids. [M + H — H2O]+ is an abundant ion in the CH4CI spectrum of 5α-androstane-17-one and the water loss from the [M + H]+ ions does not involve the hydrogens on C-18 and only involves the C-16 hydrogens to about 10%. The major loss process has not been determined.3-Keto and 17-Keto steroids are readily distinguished by their CH4CI spectra. The effectiveness of substituents for directing attack by [CH5]+ and [C2H5]+ can be estimated:carboxyl 〉 methoxy ≃ carbonyl 〉 bromo ≃ chloro 〉 hydroxy. Significant differences are observed in the H2CI spectra of two 5α-vs. 5β-steroids. Propane CI Spectra are similar to methane CI spectra, but show generally less fragmentation.
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  • 126
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The alkylhalide-halide association ions, [RX2]- that are observed in the negative chemical ionization mass spectra of alkyl halides appear to be directly related to the corresponding SN2 transition states in solution. ‘Frontside’ association of halide ions with bridgehead alkyl halides does not occur in our system. The Change in heats and entropies of association for the chloromethane series is consistent with delocalization in the [RX]2- ions.
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  • 127
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 81-83 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The heats and entropies of gas phase association of chloride, bromide and iodide with the respective methyl halides are reported. Comparison of these results with results published for SN2 reactions in solution suggests that the solvent is the dominant factor in determining relative halide nucleophilicities for the reactions in solution.
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  • 128
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 85-88 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The gas phase heats and entropies of SN2-like association of bromide ions with a series of alkyl bromides are reported. Comparison of this data with published data for the same reactions in solution suggests that the alkyl group structural effects on SN2 reactivity in solution are controlled entirely by the solvent.
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  • 129
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 95-102 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies of both high and low resolution spectra, and of metastable decompositions occurring in both the first and second field-free regions of the mass spectrometer have led to a postulated scheme for the fragmentation of acridine under electron-impact. There is no specific loss of label from either [9-2H1]acridine or [4,5-2H2]acridine in any fragmentation, nor is there any total scrambling of label in either molecular ion prior to loss of HCN. There is certainly some degree of scrambling preceding HCN loss from [M]+· at 70 eV, but this does not involve the 9-H to any detectable extent. There is no strong evidence for the acridine molecular ion having the same structure as that of four other C13H9N isomers.
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  • 130
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 89-94 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Different transformations of the functions fixed on a heterocyclic molecule were made. It is thus possible to quickly determine the number of functions of each type present in the molecule: e.g. (i) all the functions are silylated and (ii) the alcohols are acetylated whilst the sulfates and acids are silylated. Mass spectra of atractylate, apoatractylate and gummiferine have been studied and the substituents are counted and enumerated.
    Notes: En créant des dérivés différents suivant la fonction que l'on transforme, il est possible de dénombrer rapidement chacune de ces fonctions sur une molécule complexe du type hétéroside. Silylation de toutes les fonctions dans un premier temps suivie de l'acétylation des fonctions alcools et de la silylation des sulfates et acides dans un second temps. Des molécules d'atractylate, d'apoa-tractylate et de gummiférine ont été étudiées de cette façon.
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  • 131
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 109-115 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of three series of stereoisomeric 3-aza-3-methyl-6-cycloalkylaminobicyclo[3,3,1]nonan-9-ols and related compounds including deaza analogues are reported and discussed. The spectra of some of the isomers differ characteristically and can be used to assign their configurations.
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  • 132
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The metastable ion spectra of ethylene oxide, acetaldehyde, acetaldehyde-d4, propylene oxide, propionaldehyde and trimethylene oxide are presented. They reveal no reason to suppose that electron-impact-induced isomerisation of oxide to aldehyde structure occurs, although many spectral features are common to various members of this set. The spectra of phenylacetaldehyde and styrene oxide are compared, and the more plausible possibility of partial isomerisation in this case is discussed.
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  • 133
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 129-146 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the fragmentation patterns of the naturally occurring lichen substance, usnic acid (I) and various other chemically and biochemically derived compounds is reported and discussed. From these results it is demonstrated that the characteristic fragmentation patterns observed are of considerable utility in determining not only the substitution patterns on these highly oxygenated molecules, but also the structural elucidation of new compounds within the series.
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  • 134
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 117-128 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An unambiguous differentiation between leucine and isoleucine residues in peptides is possible with unimolecular metastable ion (MI) and collisional activation (CA) spectra. The immonium ion \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm [Y}\!\mathop {\rm N}\limits^{\rm + } {\rm H = CHC}_{\rm 4} {\rm H}_{\rm 9} {\rm ]} $\end{document}, which is present in the normal mass spectra of all leucine or isoleucine containing peptides, yields MI spectra with which this differentiation can be made with high sensitivity. The MI and CA spectra of other peptide fragments are also applicable in particular cases. MI and CA spectra can also be used to obtain information on the amino acide sequences of individual ions. In general more extensive sequece information is available from CA than from MI spectra. This information appears to be particularly promising for the sequencing of oligopeptide mixtures or of ions produced by field or chemical ionization.
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  • 135
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 147-160 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ionic fragmentations induced by electron-impact on compounds of the type C6F5SX (X = H, CH3, COCH3, Cl, C6F5) and (C6F5S)2, (C6F5S)2Hg, (C6F5S)3As and (C6F5SCH2)2 have been studied. Principal features of the mass spectra are reported. The [C6F5S]+ ion (m/e 199) is predominant and its mode of fragmentation has been deduced. The precursor ions for m/e 199 have been examined in (C6F5)2S, (C6F5S)2, (C6F5S)2Hg, (C6F5S)3As and C6F5SCl. Ion kinetic energy spectra of (C6F5)2S, (C6F5S)2, (C6F5S)2Hg and C6F5SCl have been recorded, and all contain peaks corresponding to the fragmentation of the [C6F5S]+ ion.
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  • 136
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 161-173 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Study of the low and high-resolution mass spectra of a series of diterpenoid acetals, including both positional isomers and stereoisomers, has permitted the proposal of some characteristic fragmentation pathways leading to analytically distinctive peaks. The mass spectrum was particularly informative in the assignment of structure to an unexpected rearrangement product (V).
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  • 137
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 175-178 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Upon electron-impact aryl methyl sulphones (I) rearranged to form aryl-oxygen bonds. The mode of fragmentation of the intermediate ester (II) to give [aryl O]+ or [aryl OH]+ ions was found to be markedly influenced by the nature of the aryl substituent.
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  • 138
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 179-187 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For the title compounds I(M), A[M — H]+ and A[M — Me]+ have been determined. In the biaryl compounds, unlike the xylene and the two dimethylnaphthalenes studied, A[M — Me]+ is noticeably dependent on the position of the methyl group. Deuterium labelling of the methyl groups in the biaryl compounds reveals that more than one process is involved in the formation of the [M — Me]+ ion. In contrast, only in the case of 2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl is the appearance potential of the [M — H]+ ion position dependent. The labelling results suggest complete scrambling of the hydrogen atoms before formation of the [M — H]+ ions. Some comments are made on the problem of trying to relate differences in strain energies and ionisation and appearance potentials in alkyl substituted aromatics.
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  • 139
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 189-200 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fragmentation of the stereoisomers of 4-t-butylcyclohexyl acetate and 4-t-butylcyclohexyl methyl ether has been studied by photoionisation mass spectrometry at 1216 Å and 584 Å. Deuterium substitution and high resolution mass spectrometry have been used to gain further insight into the fragmentation pathways.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 140
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 201-216 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The fragmentation of aromatic epoxides proceeds either directly through loss of one molecule of aldehyde or ketone which leads to a symmetrical ion, or through rearrangement of the molecular ion into the isomeric carbonyl radical ion. Substituents on the aromatic ring have a marked influence on the fragmentation.
    Notes: Les époxydes aromatiques se fragmentent soit directement par élimination d'une molécule d'aldéhyde ou de cétone pour donner un ion symétrique soit aprés réarrangements de l'ion moléculaire en composés carbonylés. Les substituants du noyau ont une trés grande influence sur les fragmenta-tions.
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  • 141
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral decompositions of cyclic and acyclic borates have been examined. Straight chain trialkyl borates fragment by C—O cleavage reactions accompanied by transfer of one or two hydrogen atoms, whereas tri-(sec-alkyl) borates primarily undergo α-cleavage reactions. Both types of cleavage are observed in the fragmentation of cyclic borates. B—O bonds are not broken in the formation of most major fragment ions. The fragmentations of borates are compared with those of phenylboronates with special emphasis on the rearrangements leading to hydrocarbon ions in the spectra of the latter.
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  • 142
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three metastable peaks have been automatically recorded in the fast scan high resolution mass spectrum of 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone. Values for released kinetic energy in the transitions m/e 326 to 325 and m/e 214 to 213 agree with the results obtained by conventional means.
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  • 143
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 267-277 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The suitability of n-hexane and n-octane as reactant gases in chemical ionization mass spectrometry has been investigated. The mass spectra of these substances have been investigated as a function of pressure up to 2·4 Torr for n-hexane and 1·7 Torr for n-octane. The major ion present in n-hexane at 0·8 Torr is [C6H13]+ (m/e 85) with a relative intensity of 0·65. In n-octane at 0·8 Torr the major ions are [C8H17]+ (m/e 113), [C6H13]+ (m/e 85) and [C5H11]+ (m/e 71). The relative intensities of these ions are 0·38, 0·12 and 0·19, respectively. These alkyl ions in both n-hexane and n-octane are thought to have tertiary structures. Rate constants for the rates of reaction of the primary ions in the two compounds have been determined.The n-hexane chemical ionization spectra of 26 compounds were determined. The spectra of polar compounds are dominated by proton transfer, whereas those of nonpolar compounds exhibit proton transfer and in addition often surprisingly large amounts of electron transfer. The n-octane chemical ionization spectra of 15 compounds were determined and the spectra in general are quite similar to those obtained with n-hexane. n-Hexane and n-octane can be used as reagents in analytical chemical ionization mass spectrometry, but except in certain specialized uses they would probably have no advantage over i-butane.
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  • 144
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 279-287 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relative rates of the McLafferty rearrangement in n-butyl acetate and several related molecules have been examined over the time range 10-11 to 10-5 s by means of a field ionization mass spectrometric technique. It was found that the introduction of a substituent group of low ionization potential (phenyl, dimethylamino) at sites remote from the ester oxygens reduces the rate of the McLafferty rearrangement and that the rate becomes lower as the substituent is moved further away from the ester group. The results suggest that for the cases examined the charge on the molecular ion may be localized on the functional group of lowest ionization potential.
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  • 145
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 289-295 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dominant primary reactions of propionitrile under electron-impact effect loss of HCN and loss of H·. Deuterium labeling shows that the hydrogen atom lost as HCN comes chiefly from C-2, but that lost as a free atom comes chiefly from C-3. Both reactions are probably preceded by a 1,2 hydrogen migration to yield an allylic-like molecular ion, \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left[{{\rm CH}_{\rm 3}{\rm C}^+ {\rm HCH = N}^{\rm .} \leftrightarrow {\rm CH}_{\rm 3} \mathop {\rm C}\limits^{\rm .} {\rm HCH = N}} \right]^+ $\end{document}.
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  • 146
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 297-301 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several bitter principles isolated from Picrasma ailanthoides Planchon (= P. quassioides Bennett) have been measured and characteristic fragmentation patterns useful for structure elucidation shown. The mass spectra of some related compounds are also described.
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  • 147
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 303-316 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some of the factors determining the configuration of a mass spectrometry data processing system are discussed. A rationalisation is given for a laboratory situation dealing with a variety of mass spectrometric problems. The effective use of a dynamic on-line system in such an environment is demonstrated. Conversational procedures are described for the acquisition, reduction and interpretation of mass spectral data, using a CRT visual display terminal as a fast man-computer interactive communication medium.
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  • 148
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The electron-impact fragmentation of S-p-tolylester of nitrothiobenzoic acid leads to a previously unknown rearrangement in the case of the ortho compound. This consists of an intra molecular redoxreaction with oxygen transfer from the o-nitro group onto the sulphur of the thiol ester group. The position of the nitro group is not only an essential influence on the fragmentation pattern, but also of dramatic importance in determining the lifetime of the molecular ion.
    Notes: Die elektronenstossinduzierte Fragmentierung der nitrothiobenzoesäure-S-p-tolylester führt bei der ortho-Verbindung zu einer bisher unbekannten Umlagerung, bei der in Form einer intramolekularen Redoxreaktion ein Sauerstoff der Nitrogruppe zum Schwefel der Thiolester-Gruppierung wandert. Die Stellung der Nitrogruppe beeinflusst nicht nur wesentlich das Fragmentierungsbild, sondern darüberhinaus in dramatischer Weise die Lebensdauer des Molekül-Ions.
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  • 149
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aldoses, ketoses, deoxy-aldoses, deoxy-keto-aldoses, lactones, deoxy-lactones and other similar compounds are readily reduced by NaBD4 to the corresponding polyalcohol. Their trimethylsilyl ethers show characteristic mass spectra which allow firm assignments of the position of deuteration and hence of the nature of the starting sugar compound. The g.c./m.s. coupling technique even allows trace analysis since full information can be derived from the most intense fragments of the mass spectra.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 150
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of twenty-eight monosubstituted trans-stilbenes in ortho, meta, para and alpha positions with —N(CH3)2, —NH2, —OCH3, —OH, —Br, —Cl, —F, —CH3, —COOH, —CN and —NO2 groups as substituents have been studied. A detailed fragmentation pathway is given for stilbene. This fragmentation, characteristic for most of the substituted stilbenes, takes place either from the molecular or from the [M - Substituent] ion. In o-nitro-, o-methoxy-,α-carboxyl- and α-methylstilbene, however, rearrangement reactions prior to fragmentation influence the fragmentation pattern.
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  • 151
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: [C12H10O]+· ions in the mass spectra of diphenyl ether and diphenyl carbonate have the same structure, but one which differs from that of these ions from phenylphenol. [C12H9O]+ ions from all three compounds have isomerized to a common structure.
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  • 152
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 381-386 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of some methoxy and methyl derivatives of 2-methylbenzophenone have been examined. Loss of a substituents from 3′-and 4′-positions as well as the previously known loss from 2′-positions are important fragmentation processes. Thus, these fragmentations are of little use in locating substituents on benzophenones of unknown structure. Deuterium labelling shows the [M - 1]+ ion from 3′,4,4′,5,5′-pentamethoxy-2-methyl benzophenone to be due largely to loss of hydrogen from 2′- and 6′-positions.
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  • 153
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 403-407 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Low resolution mass spectra and high resolution data for selected important peaks are presented and discussed for the following compounds: [(5-acetyl-2-furyl)-(2′-furyl)]methane (I), [(5-acetyl-2-furyl)-(5′-methyl-2′-furyl)]methane (II), [(5-formyl-2-furyl)-(2′-furyl)]methane (III) and [(5-formyl-2-furyl)-(5′-methyl-2′-furyl)]methane (IV). The fragmentation of II has been clarified by examining the mass spectrum of its d3-acetyl analog; the fragmentation of III and IV by examining the spectra of their carbonyl 13C-labeled analogs.
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  • 154
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. 387-401 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Wavefunctions for the [C2H5NH2]+· ion in its electronic ground state have been calculated by two variants of the CNDO method. The potential energy surface, the reaction paths, the charge distribution and the overlap populations have been calculated as functions of the internuclear distances in order to elucidate the fragmentation mechanism. The results are compared with the description given by other methods in current use, namely the mechanistic approach and the Hirofa method. The reliability and limitations of the three methods are discussed.
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  • 155
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 8 (1974), S. i 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 156
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structures of reactive and nonreactive ions formed by McLafferty rearrangement in a variety of ketones are studied using metastable ion abundances and the kinetic energy released in metastable ion fragmentations. The loss of methyl radicals is studied in [C5H10O]+. ions and the mechanism delineated for ions formed in an initial configuration corresponding both to ketonic and enolic forms; the major mechanism in both cases appears to involve a common intermediate. Partial scrambling of hydrogen atoms on the C-1 and C-5 carbons and on the oxygen precedes methyl elimination. Loss of neutral ethylene from [C5H10O]+. ions is also studied and again the major mechanism occurs via a common species, intermediate in structure between a ketone and an enol; scrambling of hydrogen is much faster for ions that lose ethylene than for those which lose a methyl radical. Keto ions of formula [C3H6O]+. show no unimolecular loss of methyl. The stable [C3H6O]+. ions generated in the keto and enol forms are shown to preserve their initial structures, confirming the results of ion cyclotron resonance experiments. Reactive [C3H6O]+. ions formed from 2-pentanone molecular ions by McLafferty rearrangement are shown to have the same structures as reactive ions originally generated as enolic structures from 1-methylcyclobutanol.The paper highlights the relationship between hydrogen scrambling and keto-enol isomerization reactions in aliphatic ketones.
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  • 157
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Different methods have been tested to determine the activation energy for simple cleavages.
    Notes: L'énergie d'actvation des ruptures simples a été determiné par différents méthodes.
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  • 158
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Hydroxyorganotins of the general formula R3Sn(CH2)nOH undergo rearrangement on electron-impact to yield ions in which oxygen has become directly bonded to the tin atom. The scope of this rearrangement is discussed, and it is shown that steric and structural factors play a significant but not decisive effect in its occurrence.
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  • 159
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 19-30 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mass spectra of substituted phenoxazines and azaphenoxazines have been determined and are discussed here. These compounds are characterised by hydrogen on the heterocyclic nitrogen and aromatic rings with nitro groups and chlorine as substituents. The fragmentation patterns are explained by known mechanisms. An interpretation of almost all the peaks is offered. The presence of the substituents causes a complete change in the fragmentation patterns compared with the unsubstituted phenoxazine. This is due to changes in charge localisation, caused by the substituents. Isomerisation of the nitro group to the nitroso group gives rise to a particular fragmentation route.
    Notes: Nous avons effectué les spectres de masse de phénoxazines et d'azaphénoxazines substituées. Ces composés sont caractérisés par la présence d' un hydrogéne sur l'azote hétérocyclique et la position de substituants NO2 et Cl sur les cycles aromatiques. A l'aide de mécanismes classiques, nous avons rationalisé les processus de fragmentation et expliqué les pics principaux de ces specters. La présence de substituants Cl et NO2 perturbent totalement la fragmentation observée dans le cas de la molécule de phénoxazine. Ils favorisent la localisation de la charge suivant leur position sur le cycle, soit sur l'azote, soit sur l'oxygéne hétérocycliques. Quant au gropement NO2 par isomérisation (forme nitroso), il donne lieu éa une fragmentation spécifique.
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  • 160
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 39-52 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The isomeric prostaglandins, A and B, can be readily distinguished by differences in the mass spectra of their derivatives. The mass spectra of the PGA1- or PGA2-methyl ester (ME)-trimethyl silyl (TMS) ether derivatives have a prominent ion at [M - 71]+ or [M - C5H11]+ while those of the PGB1- or PGB2-ME-TMS derivatives have a predominant ion at [M - 99]+ or [M - C6H11O]+ in addition to that at [M - 71]+. Ions of similar origin characterize the spectra of the PGA1- or PGA2-TMS ether-TMS ester and PGB1- or PGB1-TMS-TMS derivatives, respectively. The fragmentation of other derivatives of PGA1, PGA2, PGB1 and PGB2 such as the ME-t-Bu-DMS (t-butyl-dimethylsilyl ether); ME-MO (methoxime)-TMS; ME-MO-Ac (acetate), and ME-Ac are also described comparatively. The composition of important ions was confirmed by deuterium labeling and/or high resolution mass spectroscopy, where appropriate. The potential advantages and limitations of the derivatives for quantitative analysis of prostaglandins by the specialized technique of multiple ion detection (MID) are described.
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  • 161
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mass spectra obtained from the three title compounds were compared. High resolution studies and deuterium labelling allowed a proposal for an original cracking pattern, typical of the structure. The postulated mechanism involves a six-centred cyclic electron transfer, generating an aromatic radical ion. Cracking patterns characteristic of barbiturates could also be observed.
    Notes: Les spectes de masse de ces trois composés ont éteacute; comparé. L'utilisation de la haute résolution et de la méthode de marquage au deuté a permis de mettre en évidence un mécanisme de fragmentation particulier commun aux trois dérivés. Ce mécanisme consiste en un transfert électronique cyclique á six centres donnant naissance á un ion radical aromatique. Les mécanismes de fragmentation propres aux barbituriques ont également été observé.
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  • 162
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 102-110 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of trimethylsilyl-methoxime derivatives of the two insect moulting hormones, ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone are described together with some model compounds. These steroid derivatives are volatile in the gas chromatograph and their mass spectra provide a sensitive means of detection and structure recognition.
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  • 163
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 111-124 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the trimethylsilyl derivatives of a series of alkyl and aminoalkyl phosphonates were investigated with the aid of deuterium labeling and high resolution mass measurements. The spectra contained several prominent ions characteristic of the phosphonate system and a number of ions produced by inter and intra molecular migration and interaction of trimethylsilyl groups.
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  • 164
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 125-131 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The fragmentation behaviour of a series of substituted aminobenzylacohols has been investigated by means of high and low resolution mass spectroscopy, metastable defocusing and deuterium labelling. o-, m- and p-Isomers exhibit characteristic fragmentation patterns that are of considerable diagnostic value in the structure determination of this class of compounds.
    Notes: Das Fragmentierungsverhalten einer Reihe substituierter Amino-benzylalkohole wurde mittels hoch- und niederauflösender Massenspektrometrei, Defokussierungsmessungen und Deuterium-Markierungen untersucht. Die o-, m- und p-Isomeren zeigen charakteristische Fragmentierungsmuster, die bei der Strukturaufklärung solcher Verbindungen von großem diagnostischen Wert sind.
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  • 165
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 132-136 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of a series of trialkylarsenates are reported, together with those of dimethyl methylarsonate, pentamethoxyarsorane and pentaethoxyarsorane. Their behaviour under electron-impact is discussed and compared with that reported for trialkylphosphates.
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  • 166
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 149-151 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Molecular ion isomerisation precedes the fragmentation of benzoxazole and anthranil (2,1-benzisoxazole) upon electron-impact.
    Notes: Une isomérisation des ions moléculaires précéde la fragmentation du benzoxazole et de l'anthranile (2,1- benzisoxazole) sour l'impact électronique.
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  • 167
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of a series of benzamides and naphthamides have been investigated with respect to their propensity to lose an aromatic hydrogen atom from their molecular ions. Deuterium labeling and a study of model compounds have led to a plausible mechanistic rationalization for the formation of the [M  -  1] ions. The other principal fragmentation processes observed with these compounds are discussed, including the specificity of a previously uninvestigated rearrangement process.
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  • 168
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 155-155 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 169
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 170
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 265-273 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure and decomposition of the [C7H7]+ ions produced by electron-impact from o-, m- and p-chlorotoluene, o-, m- and p-bromotoluence, and p-iodotoluence, have been investigated. By determining the relative abundance of normal and metastable ions, these [C7H7]+ ions at electron energy of 20 eV are shown to be so-called ‘tropylium ions’. The amount of the internal energy of the [C7H7]+ ion estimated by the relative ion abundance ratios, † [C5H5]+/[C7H7]+ and m*/[C7H7]+ for the decomposition \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ [{\rm C}_{\rm 7} {\rm H}_{\rm 7}]^ + \mathop \to \limits^{m^* } [{\rm C}_{\rm 5} {\rm H}_{\rm 5}]^ + + {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm H}_{\rm 2} $\end{document}, is in the order iodotoluene 〉 bromotoluene 〉 chlorotoluene. The heats of formation of the activated complexes for the reaction \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ [{\rm C}_{\rm 7} {\rm H}_{\rm 7}]^ + \mathop \to \limits^{m^* } [{\rm C}_{\rm 5} {\rm H}_{\rm 5}]^ + + {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm H}_{\rm 2} $\end{document} were estimated. The values suggest that the decomposing [C7H7]+ ions from various halogenotoluenes are identical in structure.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 171
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The mass spectrometric fragmentations of ethylene ketals corresponding to α substituted ketones were re-examined. A new type of rearrangement has been established.
    Notes: La fragmentation des éthylénecétals des cétones α substituées a été étudiée. Un nou-veau type de transposition en spectrométrie de masse a été mis en évidence.
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  • 172
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: By the investigation of 2H labelled compounds, it has been established that in the case of crotonoyl piperidyl only the hydrogens of the methyl group participate in the elimination of CH3·.
    Notes: Durch die Untersuchung 2H-markierter Verbindungen wird belegt, daß im Falle von Crotonsäurepiperidid nur die Wasserstoffe der Methylgruppe an der CH3·-Abspaltung teilnehmen.
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  • 173
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The differences in the electron-impact-induced fragmentation of ortho and para- nitrobenzoylpiperidine are connected with neighbouring group participation of the NO2 group. New oxygen migration, as well as the formation of stabilised radicals by intramolecular interaction of both functions, are only possible with the ortho compound.
    Notes: Die Unterschiede bei der elektronenstoßinduzierten Fragmentierung von ortho-und para-Nitrobenzoylpiperidin hängen mit einer Nachbargruppenbeteiligung der NO2,-Gruppe zusammen. Sowohl eine neuartige Sauerstoffwanderung als auch die Ausbildung stabilisierter Radikale über eine intramolekulare Wechselwirkung der beiden Funktionen sind nur bei der ortho-Verbindung möglich.
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  • 174
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 289-296 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of five B,B′-disubstituted derivatives of the bis(amino)diboranes(4). Most of the fragmentations postulated have a precedent in similar processes of isoelectronic and/or isopolar species and are supported by the occurrence of metastable peaks.
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  • 175
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 304-309 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fragmentations of the carboxyl group are not generally observed from molecular anions produced by the capture of slow electrons. Enhancement of the internal energy of the molecular anions by collision excitation allows the detection of the fragmentations of the substituent in the field free regions of the mass spectrometer. Fragmentations include the losses of CO2 or ·CO2H from molecular anions, and the elimination of CO2 from fragment ions.
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  • 176
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 297-303 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A primary cleavage of aliphatic ozonides by electron-impact, implying O—O and C—C bond breaking, is described. This mode of degradation, which is not observed for aromatic ozonides, is fav oured by electron releasing substituents. For the cis and trans 4-methyl-2pentene ozonides, the ionization potentials are 8.81 and 8.86 (±0.5) eV, respectively. Two formation thresholds are observed for the [RCHO2]+ion which are interpreted in terms of different modes of ozonide cleavage.
    Notes: Un mode primaire de clivage des ozonides aliphatiques par impact électronique, impliquant la rupture de liaisons O—O et C—C, est mis en évidence. Ce processus (qui n'a pas été observé pour les ozonides aromatiques) est d'autant plus marqué que les substituants portés par le cycle ozonique sont de meilleurs donneurs d'électrons. Les potentiels d'ionisation des ozonides cis et trans du méthyl-4 penténe-2 sont respectivement de 8,81 et 8,86 (±0,5) eV. Pour l'ion [RCHO,]+·, on trouve deux seuils d'apparition qui sont probablement reliés à deux modes de formation distincts.
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  • 177
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 310-320 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Linear plots may be obtained for the fragmentations of aryl p-cyanobenzoates using the McLafferty approach, but the correlations are not as satisfactory as those observed1 for aryl nitrobenzoates. Some satisfactory correlations of substituent effects are noted in the negative ion spectra of substituted benzyl-p-nitrobenzoates and substituted phenyl-(p-nitrophenyl)acetates. Pronounced rearrangement peaks are observed in the spectra of substituted phenyl-(p-nitrophenyl)acetates. Appearance potential studies suggest that the similarities in ρ values obtained1 for the fragmentations of aryl m- and p-nitrobenzoate molecular anions are probably due to the correspondence between Hammett σ values and appearance potentials in the two series.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 178
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The structure of stable [C9H11]+ ions from different model compounds with the molecular formula C9H11Cl has been estimated by energy measurements. It has further been shown that acetylenic compounds cyclise to form aromatic ions in the range of the appearance potentials.
    Notes: Die Struktur der stabilen [C9H11]+-Ionen aus verschiedenen Modellverbindungen der Summenformel C9H11Cl wird mit Hilfe energetischer Messungen untersucht. Es wird ferner gezeigt, daß Acetylenverbindungen im Bereich der Auftrittspotentiale zu aromatischen Ionen cyclisieren.
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  • 179
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 335-342 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of 4-(ω-hydroxyalkylamino)-phthalazinone derivatives (I to IV) have been studied. The most important primary fragmentation process is the fission of the alkyl chain β to the amino group, combined with an intramolecular cyclisation reaction. This process results an ion of tricyclic structure, possessing a 4-membered ring, as was established by partial 15N labelling.
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  • 180
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 346-349 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The principal fragmentation pathways of mevalonolactone are initiated by cleavage α to the hydroxyl function. Each major route has been delineated by using isotopic labelling and metastable analysis. A knowledge of this fragmentation pattern is useful for the calculation of isotopic purity and specificity in samples of mevalonolactone used as substrates in biosynthetic studies.
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  • 181
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 359-364 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The chemical ionisation mass spectra of a number of representative explosives have been obtained using hydrogen as reagent gas. Fragmentation modes of the protonated molecular ions tend to be simple although some rearrangements have been noted. Loss of a radical from an even electron parent ion has been observed. The use of ‘ghost spectra’ for confirmation of the molecular weight of the sample is stressed: these consist of ions of low abundance resulting from reactions between sample ions and sample molecules. Labelling studies were carried out using deuterium as reagent gas.
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  • 182
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 350-358 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ionisation potentials and characteristic fragmentations of a series of anilinium oxides and their isomeric ethers have been used to assign structures for the gaseous species from the zwitterions. Transmethylation and direct evaporation of the zwitterions are competing processes. A bulky substituent ortho to the oxygen or a strongly electron attracting group in the 2-isomer will prevent or reduce the transmethylation. If the volatility is much reduced, however, the temperature increase for evaporation results in transmethylation. The 4-isomer was transmethylated even with two tert-butyl groups ortho to the oxygen. The appearance potentials for an isomeric pair showed the energy difference between the zwitterion and the ether in the gas phase to be 11.5 kcal/mol.
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  • 183
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 184
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Independent loss of positional identity of the hydrogen and carbon atoms in [t-C3H8N]+ metastable cations prior to fragmentation in the gas phase with loss of ethylene, has been demonstrated by 2H and 13C labelling experiments. The scrambling reaction is interpreted as a rearrangement in competition with the high activation energy unimolecular decompositions. The study of this fragmentation process indicates the occurrence of a primary isotope effect discriminating in favour of 2H and 13C retention in the original methylene group.
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  • 185
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 372-394 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Diterpene epimers differing with respect to orientation of a secondary hydroxyl group, ring fusion or configuration at an asymmetric centre carrying carbon-carbon linked substituents were studied, and certain stereostructural-spectral correlations were achieved for the first two groups. Each of the compounds examined was subjected to multiple scanning at both high and low electron voltage to allow computer assisted statistical calculation and comparison of intensity intervals at a predetermined confidence level for total ion currents and selected peaks.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 186
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Molecular ions of N,N-dimethyl-N′-2-chlorophenylformamidines (III) and 2-chloroformanilides (IV) lose a chlorine atom to give benzimidazolium and benzoxazolium ions, respectively. As with N,N-dimethyl-N′-phenylformamidines (I), a linear relationship exists between the Hammett σ-constants and the effect of substituents on the ionisation potentials of substituted III and IV. In contrast to this, the appearance potentials of the cyclic fragment ions of III and IV cannot be easily related to polar effects of substituents; these effects are similar for the cyclic fragment ions of I, III and IV however. Furthermore, the intensities of these ions are influenced in the same direction by substituents in the mass spectra of I, III and IV, and are strongly reduced by electron donating substituents in the para position. The formation of cyclic fragment ions in the mass spectra of I, III and IV therefore occurs by the same mechanism.
    Notes: Die Molekül-Ionen von N,N-Dimethyl-N′-2-chlorphenylformamidin (III) und von 2-Chlorformanilid (IV) verlieren leicht ein Cl-Atom und bilden Benzimidazolium- bzw. Benz-oxazolium-Ionen. Fur die Ionisationspotentiale am Phenylkern substituierter III und IV wird, wie für substituierte N,N-Dimethyl-N′-phenylformamidine (I), eine lineare Beziehung zu den Hammettschen σ-Konstanten gefunden. Für die Auftrittspotentiale der cyclischen Fragment-Ionen von III und IV läßt sich dagegen keine einfache Beziehung zu den polaren Eigenschaften der Substituenten finden, jedoch macht sich der Einfluß der Substituenten auf die Auftrittspotentiale bei I, III und IV in gleicher Weise bemerkbar. Ebenso werden die Intensitaten der cyclischen Fragment-lonen von I, III und IV durch Substituenten gleichsinnig beeinflußt und durch elektronenabgebende Substituenten in p-Stellung stark herabgesetzt. Die Bildung von cyclischen Fragment-Ionen aus den Molekül-Ionen von I, III und IV erfolgt daher nach dem gleichen Mechanismus.
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  • 187
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The formation of cyclic [M — H]+ ions (a) in the mass spectra of N,N-dimethyl-N′-arylformamidines is suppressed by electron donating groups in the aryl group para to the formamidine group, due to the participation of resonance structures of type c. This effect is also observed in the mass spectra of N,N-dimethyl-N′-4-biphenylformamidines (III) substituted in the 4′-position. By substitution in the 2-, 2′-, 6- and 6′- positions of III, the formation of resonance structure c′ in the molecular ions is so difficult that these derivatives show the normal fragmentations. This is observed with two methyl groups in the 2- and 2′- positions of III.
    Notes: Die Entstehung cyclischer [M — H]+Ionen (a) in den Massenspektren von N,N-Dimethyl-N′-arylforrnamidinen wird durch elektronenabgebende Substituenten an der Aryl-gruppe in para-Stellung zur Formamidingruppe wegen der Ausbildung von Resonanzstrukturen des Typs c unterdrückt. Dieser Effekt wird auch in den Massenspektren von in 4′-Stellung substituierten N,N-Dimethyl-N-4-biphenylformamidinen (III) beobachtet. Durch Finführung von Substituenten in die 2-, 2′-, 6- und 6′-Stellung von III wird die Ausbildung der Resonanzstrukturen c′ in den Molekül-Ionen so erschwert, daß diese Derivate ein noi males massenspektrometrisches Fragmentierungs-verhalten aufweisen. Dafür reichen zwei Methylgruppen in 2- und 2′-Stellung aus.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 418-421 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When subjected to electron-impact, chloromethyl aryl sulphones (II, X = Cl) fragment predominantly by the loss of CH2Cl from the molecular ion followed by the loss of SO2 and in most cases the appropriate metastable peaks are present to confirm the transitions. In addition, alkyl-oxygen bond formation in the molecular ion was revealed by the presence of prominent peaks corresponding to the [R—φ-SO]+ ions. In most spectra no evidence for aryl-oxygen bond formation could be found and thus the presence of the chlorine atom was able to effectively reverse the direction of skeletal rearrangement reported for aryl methyl sulphones.
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  • 189
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The effect of the dissociation energy of the C—X bond (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I) on the formation of benzimidazolium ions (b) by elimination of X from the molecular ions of ortho-substituted N,N-dimethyl-N′-phenylformamidines (I to V) has been investigated. No simple relation is observed between the intensities of ions b and the dissociation energy. Furthermore, the appearance potentials of ions b are not greatly affected by the dissociation energy, although differences of about 2.5 eV are expected for a simple cleavage reaction. The behaviour of the molecular ions of I to V is in accord with a two step addition-dissociation mechanism [M]+· → a → b, and the highest activation energy is required in the first addition step. Similar mechanisms are known for aromatic substitution reactions in the condensed phase, but have not been observed for mass spectrometric fragmentations. The detection of additional kinetic energy T in the reaction products by an analysis of the metastable transitions [M]+· → b corroborates the proposed mechanism.
    Notes: Der Einfluß der Dissoziationsenergie der C—X-Bindung (X = H, F, Cl, Br, J) auf die Bildung von Benzimidazolium-Ionen (b) durch Abspaltung von X aus den Molekül-Ionen der ortho-substituierten N,N-Dimethyl-N′-phenylformamidinen (I bis V) wird untersucht. Zwischen den Intensitäten von b und den Dissoziationsenergien besteht keine einfache Beziehung. Weiterhin werden die Auftrittspotentiale der lonen b nur wenig von den Dissoziationsenergien beeinflußt, obwohl fur eine einfache Spaltungsreaktion Unterschiede von ca. 2.5 eV erwartet werden. Dieses Verhalten der Molekül-Ionen von I bis V steht irn Einklang mit einem zweistufigen Additions-Dissoziations-Mechanismus [M]+· → a → b, bei dem der erste Additionsschritt die hohere Aktivierungsenergie besitzt. Analoge Mechanismen sind bei aromatischen Substitutionen in kondensierter Phase bekannt, für massenspektrometrische Fragmentierungen bisher jedoch noch nicht nachgewiesen worden. Der Nachweis zusätzlicher kinetischer Energie T in den Reaktionsprodukten mit Hilfe einer Analyse der metastabilen Übergange für [M]+· → b bestätigt den vorgeschlagenen Mechanismus.
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  • 190
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 422-434 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron-impact mass spectra of a range of N-substituted sulphoximines have been recorded and rationalised. Intense peaks consistent with oxygen-to-sulphur and sulphur-to-sulphur migrations were observed in the spectra of some of the compounds.
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  • 191
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 435-442 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: We have synthesised all the fluorinated derivatives of perchloropyrimidine, trichloro-2,4,6-pyrimidine and perchloro-s-triazine. Fluorine n.m.r. analysis, associated with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, allowed separation and identification of the products. The behaviour of these compounds under electron-impact is presented and discussed here.
    Notes: Nous avons synthétisé tous les dérivés fluorés de la perchloropynmidme, de la 2,4,6 trichloropyrimidine et de la perchloro s-triazine. La r.m.n. du fluor associée au couplage chromatographie en phase vapeur-spectrométrie de masse, nous ont permis de séparer et d'identifier les produits obtenus. Nous presentons et discutons le comportement de ces composes sous l'impact électronique.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 192
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 443-448 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectra of methyl and higher aliphatic esters of biologically important porphyrins - prepared from human and bovine excreta - were recorded. Variation in the number of esterified carboxyl groups (4 to 8) or in the size of the ester groups causes no change in the fragmentation modes; only the abundances of the fragment ions vary. The conversion of a porphyrin ester to its copper-complex (chelate) has been achieved in a simple way. The mass spectra of the copper chelates are compared with those of the free porphyrin esters and minor differences are observed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 193
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 449-452 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The mass spectra of five diazaphenanthrenes formed by photochemical cyclodehydrogenation of styryl diazines are investigated. It is shown that fragmentation of these compounds starts almost exclusively at the heterocyclic part of the molecule and proceeds by competitive α-cleavage. From the intensity ratios of the ions [M — H·]+, [M — HCN]+·, [M — N2]+· and [M — 2 HCN]+· generated in this way, each isomer can unequivocally be identified.
    Notes: Die Massenspekiren von fünf durch photochemische Cyclodehydrierung von Styryldiazinen gebildeten Diazaphenanthrenen werden untersueht. Sic zeigen, daß die Fragmentierung dieser Verbindungen fast ausschließlich vom hctcrocyclischen Teil des Moleküls ausgeht und durch konkurrierende α-Spaltungen zustande kommt. Aus den Intensitatsverhältnissen der dabei gebildeten Ionen [M — H·]+, [M — HCN]+·, [M — N2]+· und [M — 2 HCN]+· läßt sich das jeweilige Isomer eindeutis bestimmen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 194
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 195
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 453-458 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mass spectra of 22 β-function amines are compared with those of corresponding non-substited amines. Spectral analysis shows that fragmentation is not induceed by the lone-nitrogen atom: keto, ester, amide or nitrile groups also induce this fragmentation and the ratio was evaluated. This very elementary approach, supported by the kinetics of unimolecular reaction is in good agreement with results based on ionisation potential measurements.
    Notes: Les spectres de masse de 22 amines β fonctionnelles sont comparés à ceux des amines simples correspondants. L'analyse spectrale montre que l'induction de la fragmentation ne se fait pas uniquement par l'atome d'azote. Les groupements cétone, ester, amide, nitrile l'induisent également dans une proportion qui a pu étre évaluée. Cette approche simple, basée sur la cinétique des réactions unimoléculaires est en accord avec les résultats obtenus à partir des méthoaes basées sur la mesure des potentiels d'ionisation.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 196
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the methane chemical ionization mass spectra of allyl phenylacetate and allyl phenoxyacetate the major reaction paths (〉40%σ) involve skeletal rearrangements, which have no analogy in the corresponding, simpler electron-impact spectra. Substituent and deuterium labeling studies suggest a mechanism involving intramolecular substitution of the phenyl ring by the allyl group. Abstraction of hydrogen from the ortho position of the phenyl ring or from the rearranged allyl group is followed by expulsion of water and carbon monoxide.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 197
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the title compounds have been compared with those of their 4a-trideuteriomethyl and 1,1-bis(trideuteriomethyl) analogues. Some fragmentation pathways proposed for ring C aromatic diterpenes by earlier workers have been corrected in the light of the shifts in peak positions and metastable refocusing experiments.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 198
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 510-513 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron-impact-induced fragmentation of a 13C labelled exo-2-norbornyl chloride has been studied. When the norbornyl cation, [C7H11]+, [M - Cl], dissociates by elimination of C2H4, carbon atoms are randomly lost showing that extensive skeletal rearrangement (in addition to the complete hydrogen atom scrambling reported earlier) has taken place in the norbornyl cation prior to dissociation.The metastable ion peak associated with the above fragmentation consists of superimposed gaussian and flat-top components; it is proposed that these correspond to the formation of isomeric [C5H7]+ daughter ions whose heats of formation differ by ∼0.4 eV.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 199
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 514-524 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The mass spectrometric fragmentations of diethyl phosphates (1) and di-n-butyl phosphates (2) are influenced by the nature of the substituents R, R′ and R″ fixed on the double bond When R = H, the loss of ethylene or 1-butene is mainly observed. When R = CH3, the double rearrangement process occurs with alkyl group participation of the enolic chain.
    Notes: L'étude des fragmentation en spectrométrie de masse de phosphates diéthyliques (1) et di-n-butyliques (2) est grandement influencée par la nature des substituants R, R′, R″ fixés sur la double liaison Lorsque R = H on observe une perte prépondérante d'éthylène ou de butène-1. Dans le cas où R = CH3 le procesus de double réarrangement se produit avec participation des groupements alcoyles de l'enchaînement énolique.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 200
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 9 (1974), S. 536-547 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is reported for the identification of trimethylsilylated stereoisomeric N-acetyl-hexosamines by application of a pattern recognition procedure to mass spectral data. The selection of characteristic mass spectral data and the pattern recognition procedure are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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