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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (12)
  • Chemistry  (6)
  • Neuraminidase  (4)
  • ATP  (1)
  • Acute-phase response  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lectin binding sites in the choroid plexus and choroid plexus papillomas (1980)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 3 (1980), S. 57-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Choroid plexus ; Choroid plexus papilloma ; Papillary ependymoma ; Brain metastasis ; Pneumococcal meningitis ; Colloidal iron reaction ; Lectin receptors ; Neuraminic acid mucopolysaccharides ; Neuraminidase ; Plexus chorioideus ; Papillom des Plexus chorioideus ; papilläres Ependymom ; Ca-Metastase ; Pneumokokken-Meningitis ; kolloidale Eisenreaktion ; Lektinrezeptoren ; Sialo-Mucopolysaccharide ; Neuraminidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die luminale Oberfläche der Zellen des Plexus chorioideus und der Plexuspapillome ist mit einem Überzug aus Sialo-Mucopolysacchariden bedeckt, der mit der kolloidalen Eisenreaktion nach Hale darstellbar ist und mit Neuraminidase entfernt werden kann. Nach Neuraminidase-Vorbehandlung lassen sich an den Zelloberflächen mit Fluorochrommarkierten Lektinen der Erdnuß (PNA) und von Rhicinus communis (RCA) spezifische, bestimmten Kohlehydraten entsprechende Rezeptoren nachweisen. Die Identität der PNA-Rezeptoren mit dem Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen legt deren immunologische Bedeutung bei bakteriellen oder viralen Infektionen nahe. Die Anwendung dieser histochemischen Methoden scheint darüber hinaus eine differentialdiagnostische Klärung zwischen Plexuspapillomen und anderen papillären Tumoren (Ca-Metastasen, papilläre Ependymome) zu ermöglichen.
    Notes: Summary The surface of the cells of the normal choroid plexus and of the plexus papillomas is coated by sialomucopolysaccharides, containing substances which are positively stained with the colloidal iron (Hale-) reaction. After pretreatment with neuraminidase sialic acid is removed rendering the membrane negative to the Hale reaction. Using FITC- or rhodamine-labelled PNA (Arachis hypogaea) and RCA (Rhicinus communis) lectins specific receptors are demonstrable. The identity of these distinct oligosaccharides containing receptors with the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens suggests the possibility of an immunologic significance, e. g. in bacterial or viral infections of the brain. The application of histochemical techniques seem suitable to clarify the differential-diagnosis between choroid plexus papillomas on the one hand and metastasis of carcinoma and papillary ependymomas on the other hand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01644420
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical methods for the further characterisation of the tumourettes of the posterior lobe of the pituitary (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 49 (1980), S. 101-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Tumourettes of the neurohypophysis ; Granular cell tumours ; Sialomucopolysaccharides ; Neuraminidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The granular cell tumourettes of the posterior lobe of the pituitary possess neuraminic acid containing carbohydrate. After removal of neuraminic acid with neuraminidase and exposure to FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate) labelled peanut agglutinin (Arachis hypogaea) (PNA), intracellular receptor structures could be demonstrated. The significance of the findings is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690749
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The presence and significance of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in mammary gland (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 93 (1979), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen ; Breast carcinoma ; Histochemistry ; Lectin ; Neuraminidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Normal tissue as well as various benign and malignant lesions of the breast were histochemically examined for the presence of the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF)-antigen. Fluorescein- or 3H-labelled peanut agglutinin was used for this purpose, a lectin that is known to have a high affinity for the TF-antigen. The occurrence of this TF-antigen seemed in all cases, even in the carcinoma lobulare in situ that is regarded as being derived from myoepithelial cells by some authors, to be associated with a secretory condition. Its presence (free and neuraminicacid covered) in normal, hyperplastic and malignant breast tissue, however, cannot be considered a specific tumour associated antigen as has been previously assumed. Furthermore the investigations have shown that the intensity of fluorescence for peanut agglutinin (PNA)-receptors was generally stronger in differentiated carcinomas than in undifferentiated carcinomas of the breast. The histochemical findings are discussed with regard to diagnostical and immunotherapeutical aspects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406579
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical methods for the demonstration of thomsen-friedenreich antigen in cell suspensions and tissue sections (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 761-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen ; Erdnußagglutinin ; Neuraminidase ; Autoradiographie ; Fluorescenzmikroskop ie ; Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen ; Peanut agglutinin ; Neuraminidase ; Autoradiography ; Fluorescence microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Three different methods are described for the visualisation of the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen on cell suspensions, formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded or frozen tissue sections: a) Rosette formation with chicken and sheep erythrocytes. b) Fluorescence-microscopy with fluorescein labelled peanut agglutinin. c) Autoradiography with3H-labelled peanut agglutinin. 2. The TF antigen was shown, as far as presently investigated, to be exposed on various blood cells, glomerula of the kidney and normal mammary gland after neuraminidase treatment. Mammary gland was also shown to possess TF receptors without prior treatment with neuraminidase. 3. The exposure of this cryptantigen can be brought about by bacterial or viral neuraminidase and is followed by an antigen/antibody reaction, which can lead to possible pathological consequences.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Drei verschiedene Methoden zur Darstellung von sog. Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF)-Antigenen in Zellsuspensionen, an Formalin-fixiertem und in Paraffin eingebettetem Gewebe sowie in Gefrierschnitten werden beschrieben: a) Rosetten-Bildung mit Hühner- und Schaferythrocyten. b) Fluorescenzmikroskopie mit Fluorescein-markiertem Erdnußagglutinin. c) Autoradiographie mit3H-markiertem Erdnußagglutinin. 2. Nach Neuraminidasebehandlung konnten TF-Antigene — soweit bisher untersucht — auf verschiedenen Blutzellen, in Nierenglomerula und in normalem Brustdrüsengewebe nachgewiesen werden. Ein Teil derartiger Antigene lag im Brustdrüsenparenchym auch bereits als freie Rezeptoren vor, d. h. waren nicht von Neuraminsäure bedeckt. 3. Die Freilegung dieser Kryptantigene kann im Rahmen von Infektionen durch bakterielle und virale Neuraminidase erfolgen. Dabei kommt es zu einer Antigen/Antikörper Reaktion mit unter Umständen klinisch relevanten Folgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476765
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ca2+- and swelling-induced activation of ion conductances in bronchial epithelial cells (1994)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 428 (1994), S. 597-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cl− conductance ; K+ conductance ; ATP ; Bradykinin ; Histamine ; Bronchial epithelial cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was performed to examine Ca2+-dependent and cell-swelling-induced ion conductances in a polarized bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE14o-). Whole-cell currents were measured in fast and slow whole-cell patch-clamp experiments in cells grown either on filters or on coated plastic dishes. In addition the transepithelial voltage (V te) and resistance (R te) were measured in confluent monolayers. Resting cells had a membrane voltage (V m) of −36±1.1 mV (n=137) which was mainly caused by K+ and Cl− conductances and to a lesser extent by a Na+ conductance. V te was apical-side-negative after stimulation. Equivalent short-circuit current (I sc = V te/R te) was increased by the secretagogues histamine (0.1 mmol/l), bradykinin (0.1–10 μmol/l) and ATP (0.1–100 μmol/l). The histamine-induced I sc was blocked by either basolateral diphenhydramine (0.1 mmol/l, n=4) or apical cimetidine (0.1 mmol/l, n=4). In fast and slow whole-cell recordings ATP and bradykinin primarily activated a transient K+ conductance and hyperpolarized V m. This effect was mimicked by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin (1 μmol/l, n=11). Inhibition of the bradykinin-induced I sc by the blocker HOE140 (1 μmol/l, n=3) suggested the presence of a BK2 receptor. The potency sequence of different nucleotide agonists on the purinergic receptor was UTP ≈ ATP 〉 ITP 〉 GTP ≈ CTP ≈ [β,γ-methylene] ATP ≈ 2-methylthio-ATP = 0 and was obtained in I sc measurements and patch-clamp recordings. This suggests the presence of a P2u receptor. Hypotonic cell swelling activated both Cl− and K+ conductances. The Cl− conductance was only slightly inhibited by 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid (0.5 mmol/ l, n=3). These data indicate that 16HBE140- bronchial epithelial cells, which are known to express high levels of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein, form a secretory epithelium. While hypotonic cell swelling activates both K+ and Cl− channels, the Ca2+-induced Cl− secretion is due mainly to activation of basolateral K+ channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374583
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced TNF⋅ and IL-6 production in patients who mount a preoperative acute phase response (1998)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 383 (1998), S. 71-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Surgical risk ; Cytokines ; Acute-phase response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background/aims: In some patients postoperative infective complications are related to a reduced resistance to the operative trauma and the perioperative microbiological challenge. To investigate preoperative alterations in the immune responses in patients who had mounted an acute-phase response before the operation, we measured the capacity of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 production in whole blood. Patients/methods: Serum concentrations of C-reactive protein, α 1-antitrypsin, albumin, and prealbumin were measured in 89 patients submitted for major abdominal surgery on their admission to hospital. Results: In 23 patients (26%) we found concentrations of at least one, and in 16 patients (18%) of two or more of these variables beyond the reference range. Patients who mounted an acute-phase response released 37% less TNFα (1339 vs. 848 pg/ml) and 31% less IL-6 (24 293 vs. 16 900 pg/ml) when whole blood was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide 0.5 µg/ml. Conclusion: Patients who mount an acute-phase response before operation may thus have a downregulated immune response at the level of proinflammatory cytokines. This is likely to alter their resistance to invasive micro-organisms in the perioperative period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004230050094
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-irradiated isotropic polyethylene: Structure and mechanical properties of oriented monofilaments produced by drawing (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 24 (1986), S. 1093-1113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The structure and properties of oriented (draw ratio 12:1) polyethylene filaments, produced by drawing electron-irradiated isotropic monofilament, have been studied by rubber elasticity measurements, x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile creep behavior. The apparent molecular weight M̄c between network junctions, has been calculated from the Flory and Mooney-Rivlin theories, as a function of dose, and extrapolation back to zero dose gives a value of about 16,000 g mol-1, which is related to the molecular weight between entanglements in the linear polymer (M̄n 28,000). The WAXS and SAXS patterns of the unirradiated and 6.0 Mrad samples were identical, indicating an equivalent extent of crystallite orientation and a constant long period of about 170Å. Up to a gel dose of 2.4 Mrad, the degree of crystallinity (DC) of the drawn filaments remains constant, but the melting temperature Tm decreases slightly owing to network junctions at the fold surfaces. Above the gel dose, DC drops significantly and Tm falls more sharply, as a result of crystallite distortion. Irradiation dramatically affects the creep behavior, decreasing the equilibrium creep rate by up to four orders of magnitude. For all samples, the constant-flow behavior can be described by a combination of two activated processes in parallel: one associated with the amorphous network and the other with the crystalline regions. Irradiation increases the activation volume of the process occurring in the crystal and is ascribed to an increase in crystallite imperfections.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1986.090240511
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of short-chain branching on the creep behavior of oriented polyethylene, and its effect on the efficiency of crosslinking by electron irradiation (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 1329-1338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: oriented polyethylene ; branching ; irradiation ; creep ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Studies have been made of the creep behavior of oriented (15:1) polyethylenes containing 0.4 and 1.3 butyl branches per 1000 C atoms. Increasing the branch concentration reduces significantly the creep strain and the equilibrium strain rate. The data have been fitted to an established model comprising two thermally activated processes in parallel, relating to the amorphous network at low stress, and the crystal phase at high stress. Analysis based on this model indicates the similarity between branching, entanglements, and crosslinks on the creep response. The creep behavior of electron-beam-irradiated materials shows that increasing the branch concentration makes the polyethylene more susceptible to mainchain scission, indicated by increased creep flow rates at higher stress, consistent with previous rubber elasticity studies. Irradiation in an acetylene atmosphere with low (〈 1 Mrad) doses is shown to reduce the creep rates at all accessible stresses, and this attributed to an increase in crosslinking compared with scission. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1994.090320804
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of electron irradiation on the structure and mechanical properties of highly drawn polyethylene fibers (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 1359-1379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Two very different high-modulus polyethylene fiber samples, a low molecular weight melt-spun and drawn fiber, and a high molecular weight gel-spun and drawn fiber, have been subjected to electron beam irradiation to various doses in vacuum and in the presence of acetylene. The gel content after irradiation in acetylene was found to be much greater than for an equivalent dose in vacuum. The gel content-dose relationship could not be described by either Charlesby-Pinner analysis or the Inokuti equation. This is attributed to the polydispersity and the complications introduced by the unique morphologies of highly drawn fibers. Following previous studies, the tensile creep behavior was interpreted in terms of a model comprising two thermally activated processes in parallel, a low stress process relating to the amorphous network, and a high stress process relating to the continuous crystal fraction. Analysis of the creep behavior of the melt-spun, low molecular weight fiber irradiated in vacuum revealed crosslinking in the amorphous regions and chain scission in the crystal. Chain scission was found to be much reduced when irradiating in acetylene, for which a mechanism has been proposed. The creep rates and activation volumes of the high molecular weight, gel-spun fiber were found to be significantly lower, probably due to the unique morphology. In this case the dominant effect of irradiation on the mechanical properties can be attributed to chain scission rather than crosslinking.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1987.090250701
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microprocessor controlled mass spectrometer for the fully automated purification and isotopic analysis of breath carbon dioxideThis work was supported by the National Institutes of Health through grant AM 18741 and the US Department of Energy. The work was performed at both the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory. This paper was presented in part at the Third International Conference on Stable Isotopes, Oak Brook, Illinois, USA (1978) and has appeared in abstract form in the conference proceedings. (1979)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 6 (1979), S. 350-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Breath tests that measure the oxidative utilization of 13C labeled substrates have been shown to be clinically useful, but have failed to gain wide acceptance because of the slow and costly isotopic analysis of the breath samples. Therefore we have developed a fully automated, microprocessor controlled CO2 purification and isotopic analysis system. The breath CO2 is cryogenically purified by passage through cold traps of -94°C and -196°C to condense water and CO2, respectively. The CO2 is introduced into a dual inlet, peak-stepping mass spectrometer and analyzed for isotopic content by comparison with a known standard. Thirty samples can be analyzed without operator intervention. Analysis time averages 14 minutes per sample, and the analysis has a precision of 0.3‰ which corresponds to 3 parts excess 13C per 106 parts CO2. The speed of analysis is comparable with scintillation counting and permits next day reporting of clinical breath test results. The precision is sufficient for clinical applications as it is less than the 0.7‰ isotopic variation in basal breath CO2.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200060809
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