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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (16)
  • Salt tolerance  (6)
  • B chromosomes  (5)
  • tomato  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt tolerance in the halophyte Suaeda maritima L. Dum. (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 165 (1985), S. 392-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Salt tolerance ; Osmotic adjustment ; Turgor ; Suaeda (salt tolerance)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Osmotic potentials and individual epidermal cell turgor pressures were measured in the leaves of seedlings of Suaeda maritima growing over a range of salinities. Leaf osmotic potentials were lower (more negative) the higher the salt concentration of the solution and were lowest in the youngest leaves and stem apices, producing a gradient of osmotic potential towards the apex of the plant. Epidermal cell turgor pressures were of the order of 0.25 to 0.3 MPa in the youngest leaves measured, decreasing to under 0.05 MPa for the oldest leaves. This pattern of turgor pressure was largely unaffected by external salinity. Calculation of leaf water potential indicated that the gradient between young leaves and the external medium was not altered by salinity, but with older leaves, however, this gradient diminished from being the same as that for young leaves in the absence of NaCl, to under 30% of this value at 400 mM NaCl. These results are discussed in relation to the growth response of S. maritima.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392237
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solute distribution in Suaeda maritima (1983)
    Springer
    Planta 157 (1983), S. 344-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Glycinebetaine ; Ion, inorganic (distribution) ; Salt tolerance ; Shoot (solutes) ; Solute distribution ; Suaeda
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of sodium, potassium and glycinebetaine in shoot tissues of salt-treated Suaeda maritima was examined by semi-micro techniques after extraction into toluene-water. Much higher K/Na ratios were observed in the apical regions and in axillary buds than in more mature, fully vacuolated tissues. The younger tissues also contained very high levels of glycinebetaine. Electron-probe X-ray microanalysis of bulkfrozen and fractured preparations showed higher K/Na ratios and higher levels of sulphur and phosphorus in the cytoplasm of leaf primordial cells than in vacuoles of either young or old leaves, although the total counts were higher in the vacuolar samples. The results are discussed in relation to current models of subcellular solute compartmentation and salt tolerance in the Chenopodiaceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397406
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The presence of the enhanced K/Na discrimination trait in diploid Triticum species (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 729 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum ; K/Na discrimination ; Salt tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A number of accessions of the three species of diploid wheat, Triticum boeoticum, T. monococcum, and T. urartu, were grown in 50 mol m-3 NaCl+2.5 mol m-3 CaCl2. Sodium accumulation in the leaves was low and potassium concentrations remained high. This was not the case in T. durum grown under the same conditions, and indicates the presence in diploid wheats of the enhanced K/Na discrimination character which has previously been found in Aegilops squarrosa and hexaploid wheat. None of the accessions of diploid wheat showed poor K/Na discrimination, which suggests that if the A genome of modern tetraploid wheats was derived from a diploid Triticum species, then the enhanced K/Na discrimination character became altered after the formation of the original allopolyploid. Another possibility is that a diploid wheat that did not have the enhanced K/Na discrimination character was involved in the hybridization event which produced tetraploid wheat, and that this diploid is now extinct or has not yet been discovered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227318
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of salt tolerance during germination in Lycopersicon (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 321-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; Salt tolerance ; Seed germination ; Maternal effects ; Tomato improvement ; Gene action
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The salt-tolerant cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) accession, ‘PI174263’, and a sensitive cv, ‘UCT5’, were crossed to develop reciprocal F1, F2 and BC1 populations for genetic analysis of salt tolerance in tomatoes during seed germination. Variation was partitioned into embryo, endosperm and maternal (testa and cytoplasmic) components. Generation means analysis indicated that there were no significant embryo (additive, dominance or epistatic) effects on germination performance under salt stress. Highly significant endosperm additive and testa dominance effects were detected. The proportion of the total variance explained by the model containing these two components was R2=98.2%. Variance component analysis indicated a large genetic variance with additive gene action as the predominant component. Furhter inspection indicated that this variance was attributable to endosperm additive effects on germinability under salt stress. Narrow-sense heritability was estimated as moderately high. Implications for breeding procedures are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228671
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping salt-tolerance genes in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) using trait-based marker analysis (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 184-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Tomato ; Salt tolerance ; Seed germination ; Isozyme markers ; QTL mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The germination responsiveness of an F2 population derived from the cross Lycopersicon esculentum (UCT5) x L. pennellii (LA716) was evaluated for salt tolerance at two stress levels, 150 mM NaCl + 15 mM CaCl2 and 200 mM NaCl + 20 mM CaCl2. Individuals were selected at both tails of the response distribution. The salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive individuals were genotyped at 16 isozyme loci located on 9 of the 12 tomato chromosomes. In addition, an unselected (control) F2 population was genotyped at the same marker loci, and gene frequencies were estimated in both selected and unselected populations. Trait-based marker analysis was effective in identifying genomic locations (quantitative trait loci, QTLs) affecting salt tolerance in the tomato. Three genomic locations marked by Est-3 on chromosome 1, Prx-7 on chromosome 3, and 6Pgdh-2 and Pgi-1 on chromosome 12 showed significant positive effects, while 2 locations associated with Got-2 on chromosome 7 and Aps-2 on chromosome 8 showed significant negative effects. The identification of genomic locations with both positive and negative effects on this trait suggests the likelihood of recovering transgressive segregants in progeny derived from these parental lines. Similar genomic locations were identified when selection was made either for salt tolerance or salt sensitivity and at both salt-stress treatments. Comparable results were obtained in uni- and bidirectional selection experiments. However, when marker allele gene frequencies in a control population are unknown, bidirectional selection may be more efficient than unidirectional selection in identifying marker-QTL associations. Results from this study are discussed in relationship to the use of molecular markers in developing salt-tolerant tomatoes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223763
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of B chromosomes on rDNA organization in rye interphase nuclei (1995)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 3 (1995), S. 487-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: B chromosomes ; interphase chromatin ; rDNA organization ; rye
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Patterns of rye rDNA organization in interphase nuclei were studied through the use ofin situ hybridization in spreads of root meristem cells from plants with and without B chromosomes (Bs). In cells from plants without Bs each rDNA locus is organized as a single perinucleolar knob of condensed chromatin with decondensed chromatin inside the nucleolus. In plants with Bs there is a marked modification of the pattern, found in more than 23% of nuclei, which involves several regions of condensed chromatin interspersed with decondensed chromatin inside the nucleolus. This B-induced alteration in rDNA interphase organization suggests a change in expression of the rRNA genes located on the A chromosomes probably related to the reduction in nuclear RNA observed previously in plants with Bs. The influence of the Bs on the expression of A chromosome genes, through rearrangement of interphase chromatin, could provide the basis of an explanation for some of the known phenotypic effects of B chromosomes in rye.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713963
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Painting rye B chromosomes in wheat: interphase chromatin organization, nuclear disposition and association in plants with two, three or four Bs (1996)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 4 (1996), S. 195-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: B chromosomes ; genomicin situ hybridization ; nuclear architecture ; Secale cereale ; Triticum aestivum cv ; Lindström
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The B chromosomes (Bs) of rye (Secale cereale) have been studied at interphase in terms of their chromatin organization, patterns of nuclear disposition and physical association in plants with two, three, and four Bs. The study was made in the Lindström strain of hexaploid wheat, which carries the rye Bs as an addition line, byin situ hybridization with a B-specific probe and by genomicin situ hybridization (GISH) with rye genomic DNA, enabling whole chromosome painting. Repetive sequences common to the As and Bs of rye allow for visualization of the rye B at interphase in the wheat background. A B-specific probe enables the orientation of two or more Bs to be determined, and the combination of both probes used together gives information on the disposition of the Bs and on their patterns of physical association within the nucleus. The Bs form linear ‘strings’, and the ends of their long arms, which can be detected by the B-specific probe, are usually located within the hemisphere of the nucleus that has the least condensed chromatin. There is dose-dependent association, and even numbers (2B, 4B) have a greater preference for association than odd ones (3B).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02254959
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High salt tolerance potential in Lycopersicon species during germination (1986)
    Springer
    Euphytica 35 (1986), S. 575-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lycopersicon ; tomato ; salinity ; germination ; germplasm ; breeding ; salt-tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The potential to improve seed germination responses to salinity was evaluated for 13 accessions representing six wild Lycopersicon species and 20 accessions of L. esculentum. Germination response times increased in all accessions at 100 mM NaCl. Analysis indicated that one accession of L. peruvianum (PI126435) germinated faster under high salinity than all other accessions and was closely followed by L. pennellii (LA716). The fastest germinating L. esculentum accession, PI174263, ranked third. Additional wild ecotypes exhibiting rapid germination at 100 mM NaCl were identified among L. pimpinellifolium and L. peruvianum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021866
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A greenhouse screening method forPyrenochaeta lycopersici resistance in tomatoes (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 40 (1989), S. 187-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; tomato ; Pyrenochaeta lycopersici ; corky root ; brown root rot ; resistance ; greenhouse screening method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A greenhouse screening method for corky root (Pyrenochaeta lycopersici) resistance in the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is described in detail. In determining the reliability of the method, known resistance sources within wild asccessions, commerical cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for resistance in fields naturally infested with corky root and their response compared under greenhouse conditions in soil heavily infested with corky root and artifically maintained at temperatures between 10–13°C. The procedure developed can be used year round and improves the efficiency of recovering resistant progeny in large segregrating populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024510
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation means analysis of right-censored response-time traits: Low temperature seed germination in tomato (1990)
    Springer
    Euphytica 48 (1990), S. 239-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; tomato ; cold tolerance ; seed germination ; genetic analysis ; missing data ; response-time data
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In studies to determine the inheritance of response-time traits, such as time to seed germination, some viable individuals may fail to respond during an experiment. If these right-censored observations are ignored, sample means and variances will be underestimated. This is illustrated using data from time to seed germination at 9°C for Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) fast germinating PI 120256, slow-germinating T3 and their reciprocal F1, F2 and backcross progeny. This paper presents methods to detect and to accommodate right-censored data in generation means analysis. Genetic interpretations derived from corrected and uncorrected estimates of generation means and variances are compared. Correction for right-censoring increased estimates of environmental and phenotypic variances, and decreased heritability estimates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023656
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