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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (10)
  • Lipopolysaccharide  (8)
  • Lipid A structure  (2)
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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (10)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical and biological studies on the lipopolysaccharide (O-antigen) of Anacystis nidulans (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 113 (1977), S. 247-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Lipopolysaccharide ; O-antigen ; 3- and 4-O-Methyl-D-mannose ; Degraded polysaccharide ; Toxicity ; Anticomplementary activity ; Anacystis nidulans
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The O-antigen (lipopolysaccharide) of Anacystis nidulans, strain KM, has been isolated from whole cells and from cell wall preparations by phenolwater extraction. The polysaccharide moiety consists of a D-mannose polymer accompanied by smaller amounts of 3- and 4-O-methyl-D-mannoses, D-galactose, D-glucose, L-fucose, D-glucosamine, mannosamine and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate. Aldoheptoses are lacking. The degraded polysaccharide is split from lipid A by acid hydrolysis (10% acetic acid, 100°C, 3 h) whereby 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate is released in small amounts. Degraded polysaccharide forms only one major fraction by Sephadex G-50 gel-filtration. This fraction includes all the sugars mentioned above except L-fucose, which is released during the acetic acid degradation. Periodate studies and methylation analysis revealed that the poly-mannose chain consists of about 75% 1→3 linked and of 25% 1→4 linked D-mannose units. Lipid A of A. nidulans is phosphate-free. The main fatty acid, β-hydroxypalmitic acid, is exclusively amide-bound, presumably to the amino group of D-glucosamine. Other fatty acids, found as minor constituents, are β-hydroxymyristic, palmitic and stearic acids. Lipopolysaccharide of A. nidulans KM exhibits high anticomplementary activity in guineapig serum. It is about 800 times less toxic for adrenalectomized mice than endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium. The isolated lipopolysaccharide reacts with rabbit antisera against living or heat-killed cells of A. nidulans in passive hemagglutination, when untreated or heated, but not when alkali-treated lipopolysaccharide is used for red blood cell sensibilization. It is concluded that lipopolysaccharide of A. nidulans KM is exposed on the surface of the cell.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00492032
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The structure of lipid A from the lipopolysaccharide of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa 29/1 (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 141 (1985), S. 279-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Rhodopseudomonas gelationosa ; Lipid A structure ; Toxicity of lipid A
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The structure of the lipid A component of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa 29/1 lipopolysaccharide was established. It constitutes a β-1,6-glucosamine disaccharide substituted on either side by ester-and glycosidically-bound phosphate residues. Both phosphate groups are in turn nonstoichiometrically substituted by ethanolamine. The amino groups of the disaccharide are N-acylated by 3-acyloxyacyl residues: that at the reducing glucosamine by 3-O-(14:0) 10:0, and that at the non-reducing one by 3-O-(12:0)10:0. Hydroxyl groups at C-3 and C-3′ are esterified by hydroxycapric acid. Hydroxyl groups at C-4 and C-6′ in free hydroxycapric acid. Hydroxyl groups at C-4 and C-6′ in free lipid A were shown to be unoccupied by methylation with diazomethane. A similar methylation of the intact lipopolysaccharide revealed a free hydroxyl group only at C-4, indicating that C-6′ is the attachment site of 3-deoxy-d-anno-octulosonic acid. By preparative thin-layer chromatography free lipid A could be resolved into at least two major and one minor fractions. Lipid A of R. gelatinosa 29/1 shows high lethal toxicity, comparable to that of Salmonella lipid A.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428837
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lipopolysaccharides of Thiobacillus species containing lipid A with 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 149 (1987), S. 106-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ; Thiobacillus thiooxidans ; Thiobacillus novellus ; Thiobacillus sp. ; Lipid A ; Lipopolysaccharide ; 2,3-Diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides were isolated from two strains of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and one strain each of Thiobacillus thiooxidans, Thiobacillus novellus and Thiobacillus sp. IFO 14570. Neutral sugars, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, fatty acids and the rare 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose were detected in all lipopolysaccharides. Lipopolysaccharides of both T. ferrooxidans strains contained l-glycero-d-manno-heptose, whereas that of T. thiooxidans contained both l-glycero-d-manno-heptose and d-glycero-d-manno-heptose. On the other hand, heptoses were absent in lipopolysaccharides of T. novellus and Thiobacillus sp. IFO 14570. Lipid A of T. ferrooxidans and T. thiooxidans contained both glucosamine and 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose, in contrast, lipid A of T. novellus and the Thiobacillus sp. IFO 14570 most likely contain only 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose as backbone sugar. Deoxycholate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed S-type character for all lipopolysaccharides studied. The significance of the lipopolysaccharide composition for taxonomic and phylogenetic questions with regard to thiobacilli is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425074
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical composition of the lipopolysaccharides of Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii, Ectothiorhodospira mobilis, and Ectothiorhodospira halophila (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 157 (1992), S. 499-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Cell wall ; Ecothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii ; Ectothiorhodospira mobilis ; Ectothiorhodospira halophila ; Halophilic bacteria ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Lipid A ; Lipid ADAG ; “Mixed” lipid A ; Phototrophic bacteria ; Phylogeny
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides were isolated from the moderate halophilic Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii slight to and Ectothiorhodospira mobilis and from the extremely halophilic Ectothiorhodospira halophila by the hot phenol-water and purified by the phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether methods. The isolated lipopolysaccharides of all three species contained 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid and d-glycero-d-mannoheptose indicating the existence of a core. They contained additionally glucose and uronic acids (E. shaposhnikovii and E. mobilis) or glucose, uronic acids and threonine (E. halophila). Sodium deoxycholate gel-electrophoresis of the three lipopolysaccharides, each showing only one major band, indicated R-type character of the lipopolysaccharides of the three Ectothiorhodospira species. The lipid A fractions of the lipopolysaccharides from E. shaposhnikovii and E. mobilis represented phosphorylated “mixed” lipid A types with both 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucose and d-glucosamine. The lipid A from E. halophila contained also phosphate and 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucose but only traces of d-glucosamine, which would indicated lipid ADAG. The fatty acid spectra were characterized by amide-bound 3-OH-10:0 and 3-OH-12:0 (E. shaposhnikovii), 3-OH-10:0 (E. mobilis), or 3-OH-10:0,3-OH-14:0, and 3-oxo-14-0 (E. halophila). The predominant ester-bound fatty acids were 14:0 and 16:0 (E. shaposhnikovii and E. mobilis), or 12:0 and 14:1 (E. halophila).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276769
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lipopolysaccharide of Rhodospirillum salinarum 40: structural studies on the core and lipid A region (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 164 (1995), S. 280-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Key wordsRhodospirillum salinarum ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Mixed lipid A ; 2 ; 3-Diamino-2 ; 3-dideoxy-d-glucose ; 4-O-Methyl- ; galacturonic acid ; Halophilic bacteria ; Lethal toxicity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The structural elucidation of lipid A of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Rhodospirillum salinarum 40 by chemical methods and laser desorption mass spectrometry revealed the presence of a mixed lipid A composed of three different 1,4′bisphosphorylated β(1→6)-linked backbone hexosaminyl-hexosamine disaccharides, i.e. those composed of GlcN→GlcN, 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-Glc-(DAG)→DAG, and DAG→GlcN. Lipid A of R. salinarum contained preferentially 3-OH-18 : 0 and 3-OH-14 : 0 as amide-linked and cisΔ11–18 : 1 and c19 : 0 as ester-linked fatty acids. The mass spectra of the liberated acyl-oxyacyl residues proved the concomitant presence of 3-O-(cisΔ11–18 : 1)–18 : 0 and 3-O-(c19 : 0)-14 : 0 as the predominating diesters in this mixed lipid A. The glycosidically linked and the ester-linked phosphate groups of the backbone disaccharide were neither substituted by ethanolamine, phosphorylethanolamine, nor by 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose, in contrast to most of the enterobacterial lipid As. In the core oligosaccharide fraction, a HexA (1→4)HexA(1→5)Kdo-trisaccharide was identified by methylation analysis. The terminal HexA (hexuronic acid) is possibly 4-OMe-GalA, a component described here as an LPS constituent for the first time. LPS of R. salinarum showed a lethality in C57BL/10 ScSN (LPS-responder)-mice) of an order of 10–1–10–2 of that reported for Salmonella abortus equi LPS, and it was also capable of inducing TNFα and IL6 in macrophages of C57BL/10ScSN mice.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050265
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lipopolysaccharide of Providencia rettgeri (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 144 (1986), S. 213-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Providencia rettgeri ; Lipid A structure ; Taxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The chemical constitutional analysis of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Providencia rettgeri was carried out. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using sodium dodecylsulfate or sodium deoxycholate showed that the lipopolysaccharide mostly consisted of short sugar chains. The lipid A was precipitated out after mild acid hydrolysis of LPS. From the supernatant degraded polysaccharide and unsubstituted core fractions were isolated. Compositional analysis of the core material revealed the presence of galacturonic acid, galactose, glucose, glucosamine, l-glycero-d-manno-heptose, 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid, alanine and phosphorus. Methylation analysis of the core material indicated the presence of terminal units of glucose, galacturonic acid and glucosamine. The chemical structure of the lipid A was elucidated. It constitutes a β-1,6-glucosamine disaccharide substituted on either side by ester and glycosidically-bond phosphate residues. The ester-bound phosphate was found to be substituted by a 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinosyl residue. The amino groups of the backbone disaccharide are N-acylated by 3-O-(14:0)14:0 and 3-O-14:0. Two hydroxyl groups of the disaccharide are esterified by 3-O-(14:0)14:0 and 3-O-14:0. The taxonomical importance of these structural details will be discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410949
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical composition of the lipopolysaccharides of Rhodobacter sulfidophilus, Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, and Rhodopseudomonas blastica (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 143 (1985), S. 32-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Lipopolysaccharide ; Lipid A ; Rhodobacter sulfidophilus ; Rhodopseudomonas acidophila ; Rhodopseudomonas blastica ; Phototrophic bacteria
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The lipopolysaccharides of Rhodobacter sulfidophilus and the two budding species Rhodopseudomonas acidophila and Rhodopseudomonas blastica were isolated and chemically analyzed. The all have a lipid A backbone structure with glucosamine as the only amino sugar. The lipid A's of Rb. sulfidophilus and Rps. blastica contain phosphate, their fatty acids are characterized by ester-linked, unsubstituted 3-OH-10:0 and amide-linked 3-OH-14:0 (Rb. sulfidophilus) or 3-oxo-14:0 (Rps. blastica). Lipid A of Rps. acidophila is free of phosphate and contains the rare 3-OH-16:0 fatty acid in amide linkage. The lipopolysaccharides of all three species contain 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate (KDO) but are devoid of heptoses. Neutral sugars with the exception of glucose are lacking in the lipopolysaccharide of Rb. sulfidophilus. This shows a high galacturonic acid content. The lipopolysaccharides of Rps. acidophila and Rps. blastica have neutral sugar spectra indicative for typical O-chains (rhamnose, mannose, galactose, glucose in both species, and in Rps. blastica additionally 2-O-methyl-6-deoxy-hexose). The taxonomic value of the data is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414764
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical characterization of two lipopolysaccharide species isolated from Rhizobium loti NZP2213 (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 163 (1995), S. 345-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Key wordsRhizobium loti ; Rhizobium huakuii ; Lipopolysaccharide ; 4-Oxo-20:0 ; 6-Deoxy-l-talose ; 2 ; 3-Diamino-2 ; 3-dideoxy-d-glucose ; Lipid ADAG
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Phenol-water extraction of Rhizobium loti NZP2213 cells allowed a simultaneous isolation of two structurally different lipopolysaccharides from the aqueous (LPS-W) and phenol (LPS-P) phase that differed in their sodium deoxycholate-PAGE pattern and composition. LPS-W showed a profile indicating an R-type LPS; LPS-P had a cluster of poorly resolved bands in the high-molecular-weight region. LPS-P contained large amounts of 6-deoxy-l-talose (6dTal), and a small amount of 2-O-methyl-6-deoxy-talose (molar ratio ∼30:1), both of which were completely absent in LPS-W. Methylation analysis gave only one major product, 2,4-di-O-methyl-6dTal, indicating that the O-chain is composed of a homopolymer of 1,3-linked 6dTal, having the methylated 6dTal (2-O-Me-6dTal) probably localized at the non-reducing end of the O-chain. This homopolymeric O-chain was additionally O-acetylated, as evidenced by GC-MS and by 13C NMR analysis. The lipid A moieties of both LPS-W and LPS-P showed almost identical composition, with six different 3-OH fatty acids and with two, so far not described, long-chain 4-oxo-fatty acids, all being amide-linked, and with 27-OH-28:0 as the main ester-linked fatty acid. Lipid A was of the lipid ADAG-type, i.e., having a (phosphorylated) 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucose-containing lipid A backbone. Lipid ADAG is widespread among species of the α-2 group of Proteobacteria, but has so far not been encountered in any other rhizobial or agrobacterial species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404207
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides in purple nonsulfur bacteria (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 150 (1988), S. 584-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Lipopolysaccharide ; Sialic acids ; Core region ; Purple nonsulfur bacteria ; N-Acetylneuraminic acid ; Rhodobacter
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from a number of purple nonsulfur bacteria and of phylogenetically related species were analyzed for the presence of sialic acid by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Species and strains of the genera Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodospirillum, Rhodocyclus and Rhodopila were investigated, sialic acid, however, was found only in the genus Rhodobacter. It occurs in strains of Rhodobacter capsulatus, R. sphaeroides, R. sulfidophilus and R. veldkampii. All these species belong to the α-3 subgroup of purple bacteria as defined by 16S rRNA catalogues. Approximately equimolar ratios of sialic acid and of 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate (KDO) were found in isolated LPSs. Sodium deoxycholate gel electrophoresis of these LPS-samples also suggested a location of sialic acid in the LPS “core” region. Sialic acid was present only in those LPSs, which exhibited a “complete core region”.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408254
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lipopolysaccharides in four strains of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 127 (1980), S. 217-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Synechocystis ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Lipid A ; O-Methyl sugars ; Chemotypes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Lipopolysaccharides were found in four strains of Synechocystis. Depending on the strain, they were extracted into either the water or into the phenol phase of phenol-water extracts. The lipopolysaccharides of all four strains contain fucose, mannose, galactose, glucose and glucosamine. l-Glycero-d-mannoheptose and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate are lacking. The strain-specific sugars are dominated by O-methyl sugars in three of the four strains: Synechocystis PCC 6803 contains 2,3-di-O-methyl-fucose, 2-O-methyl-fucose and 2-O-methylxylose. In Synechocystis PCC 6807 a 6-O-methylheptose and 2-O-methyl-mannose, in Synechocystis PCC 6308 2-O-methyl-mannose was identified. Lipid A, although difficult to be split off from the polysaccharide moiety, is indicated in all four strains by the presence of β-hydroxypalmitic and β-hydroxymyristic acids and of glucosamine. In addition, a branched β-hydroxypentadecanoic acid (anteiso) was found. The phosphorus content of the four lipopolysaccharides amounts to less than 0.3% of dry weight. The lipopolysaccharides from Synechocystis show O-specific activity. Their reactivity in homologous O-antisera, however, is low when tested by passive hemagglutination. In immunoelectrophoresis, no migration of lipopolysaccharide was observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427196
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