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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (19)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 27 (1988), S. 266-271 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: nut-nougat cream ; transfatty acids ; hydrogenatedvegetable oil ; Nußnougat-Creme ; trans-Fettsäuren ; gehärtetePflanzenfette
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In zwölf verschiedenen Sorten von Nußnougat-Creme wurde die Fettsäurezusammensetzung einschließlich der trans-Fettsäuren mittels Kapillargaschromatographie untersucht. Die Cremes bestanden hauptsächlich aus Zucker und teilweise gehärteten Pflanzenfetten. In den verschiedenen Sorten betrug der gravimetrisch ermittelte Fettgehalt zwischen 30 und 38,2%. Die verschiedenen Cremes wiesen deutliche Unterschiede in ihrer Fettsäurekomposition auf. Der Gehalt an Linolsäure, der wichtigsten mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäure, schwankte zwischen 12 und 39%. Der Anteil an Palmitinsäure (16∶0), die den Hauptanteil an den gesättigten Fettsäuren ausmachte, variierte zwischen 9 und 27%. Der Gesamtgehalt an trans-Fettsäuren lag zwischen 0,9 und 12,3%, nur zwei Cremes enthielten weniger als 1 %. 18∶1t stellte den größten Anteil an allen trans-Fettsäuren, während 14∶1t und 16∶1t nur in Spuren gefunden wurden. Drei Proben enthielten die Linolsäure-Isomere 18∶2tt, 18∶2ct und 18∶2tc, jeweils in einem Bereich zwischen 0,7 und 1,06% der Gesamtfettsäuren; in den restlichen Cremes wurden davon nur Spuren nachgewiesen. Unsere Untersuchungen wiesen trans-Fettsäuren in jeder Form von Nußnougat-Creme nach. Da mögliche Zusammenhänge zwischen der Aufnahme von trans-Fettsäuren und der Entstehung von Tumorerkrankungen und Arteriosklerose ungeklärt sind, sollten andere Herstellungsverfahren verwendet werden, um die trans-Fettsäuren aus den genannten Produkten zu eliminieren, zumal diese bevorzugt von Kindern als Brotaufstrich verzehrt werden.
    Notes: Summary The fatty acid composition including trans fatty acids of 12 brands of nut-nougat creams were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. The creams consisted mainly of sugar and partially hydrogenated vegetable oil. The lipid content, which was quantified gravimetrically, amounted to between 30 and 38.2 % in the different brands. The fatty acid composition varied considerably between the different creams. Linoleic acid, the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), ranged from 12 to 39%. Palmitic acid (16∶0), which was the main fatty acid, varied from 9 to 27 %. The total trans fatty acid content of the 12 creams ranged from 0.9 to 12.3 %. Only two of the creams contained less than 1% of trans fatty acids; 18∶1t was the trans fatty acid found in the greatest amounts, whereas 16∶1t and 14∶1t were only found in trace amounts. Three samples had amounts of 18∶2tt, 18∶2ct, and 18∶2tc between 0.7 and 1.06%; only small amounts of linoleate isomers were detected in the other creams. Our results show that trans fatty acids are present in every brand of chocolate cream tested. Since the potential risk of arteriosclerosis and cancer resulting from the consumption of trans fatty acids is not yet clear, different ways of production should be used in order to eliminate them from the creams that are a preferred bread spread of infants and children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 60 (1988), S. 43-50 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Cadmium ; Hair ; Pre-school children ; Variables
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of several factors on cadmium (Cd) concentrations in the hair of 474 pre-school children was examined. The study was performed in an industrial (Duisburg) and rural area (Westfalen) of the (FRG). Season, sex, hair color, and place of residence were found to be the main factors influencing Cd levels in hair. Concentrations of Cd in samples obtained during summer were on the average nearly twice as high as those sampled during winter (geometric means: 116.1 vs. 63.7ng/g). Boys had more Cd in their hair than girls (111.5 vs.74.0 ng/g). Cd levels in hair decreased from red to blond, to brown, and black hair. Children living in Duisburg had more Cd in their hair than those from rural areas (103.9 vs.77.Ong/g). Cd content in hair was inversely related to age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 126 (1977), S. 199-202 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Zinc ; Serum ; Normal values ; Children ; Infants ; Cord blood ; Adults
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serum zinc concentrations in subjects of different ages were estimated by neutron activation analysis to obtain reliable reference values for the diagnosis of primary or secondary zinc deficiency during childhood. In these healthy individuals a small age-dependent variation of the mean values was found. Serum zinc concentrations were lower in cord blood (mean value: 880×10−9 g/ml) and in infants (mean value: 820×10−9 g/ml) than in adults (mean value 1178×10−9 g/ml). In comparison to these values, the serum zinc concentration in a patient with secondary zinc deficiency and 4 patients with acrodermatitis enteropathica was reduced to about 25% of normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 146 (1987), S. 308-312 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Intoxication ; Blood ; Urine ; Glutathione peroxidase activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After ingestion of an unknown amount of a gun blueing compound containing selenious acid (11 ml from the bottle fluid were missing, equivalent to 2.9 g Se) a 2-year-old girl suffered from continuous hyper-salivation, vomiting, diarrhoea, restlessness and muscle spasm. Blood pressure and pulse rate were increased. Symptomatic treatment was performed by parenteral fluid administration. The plasma Se concentration was increased to 20 times normal 5 h after ingestion. Erythrocyte Se exceeded plasma Se, 24 h after intoxication. Urinary Se excretion decreased parallel to the plasma Se concentration. Ten weeks later, the Se content of hair had risen to 10 times normal. The plasma glutathione peroxidase activity showed only a slight increase during the first 36 h, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were not significantly altered. The child fully recovered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 101 (1967), S. 1-5 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Coma hepaticum ; Peritonealdialyse ; Kindesalter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Discription of a case of liver coma in a 5 year old patient who was suffering from transfusion hepatitis. She was treated by peritoneal dialysis over a period af 6 days under continous control of body water, serum electrolytes and of the acid base balance. During this treatment the patient improved dramatically. Two months later the child was clinically without pathological findings. The liverfunction tests had returned to normal values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Manganese ; Prolidase ; Arginase ; Iminodipeptides ; Prolidase deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Manganese was measured in blood of a patient with prolidase deficiency by neutron activation analysis. The manganese content of packed blood cells was 48.9 ng/g wet weight (controls 18.4±4.3 ng/g wet weight). It was proportionately increased in whole blood, whereas the serum manganese concentration was unchanged. The erythrocyte arginase activity was reduced to 46% of the mean control value. The reduced activities of two manganese-dependent enzymes, prolidase and arginase in erythrocytes in combination with an increased manganese content cannot be explained at the moment and leads to the speculation that manganese is inaccessible for enzyme activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 770-776 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Breastmilk ; Hypoallergenic formula ; Formula ; Zinc ; Copper
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 129 term infants at birth and at the age of 4 months, zinc and copper concentrations of plasma and urine were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the values correlated to other biochemical parameters and somatic data. Of the infants, 49 were exclusively breast-fed, 44 fed with various commercially available cow's milk formula, 35 fed with a hypollergenic formula (cows's milk whey hydrolysate, commercially available, supplemented with zinc and copper). Plasma zinc values declined from birth to the age of 4 months in all three groups (P〈0.001). In formula fed children, 4 months old, the values (11.1±1.7 μmol Zn/l) were significantly lower than in breast-fed (12.2±1.7 μmol Zn/l;P=0.004) or babies on hypo-allergenic formula (12.4±1.6 μmol Zn/l;P=0.0015). In accordance with the literature plasma copper and caeruloplasmin values increased significantly within the first 4 months of life, the plasma levels were similar in either feeding group, only urinary copper excretion was higher in male infants on hypoallergenic formula (P〈0.03) at the age of 4 months. There were no correlations between zinc or copper values and alkaline phosphatase. In infants on hypo-allergenic formula there was a negative correlation between plasma zinc and weight or height increments. Despite different zinc and copper supply, presumedly different bioavailability, and different plasma zinc values, all infants thrived and weight and length increments were similar in each group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. S140 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Selenium ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Phenylketonuria ; Selenium deficiency ; Maternal phenylketonuria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The selenium status was investigated in 87 patients of the German Collaborative Study of Phenylketonuria (PKU) (mean age 9.7 years). The selenium values and glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma and erythrocytes were negatively correlated to the quality of dietary management (mean plasma phenylalanine value). Despite a low selenium state, the children showed no any clinical sign of deficiency and almost all biochemical parameters checked were normal. In the low selenium state thyroxine values are increased and decline during selenium supplementation, whereas tri-iodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone levels remain unchanged. The reduction in glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma was more pronounced than in the erythrocytes pointing to a different availability of both enzymes for selenium. In addition we estimated the selenium status in 29 women with PKU during pregnancy. In 32 healthy pregnant women we observed a decrease in plasma selenium values and the glutathione peroxidase activity in the third trimester, whereas the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity remained stable. In contrast to the healthy women we found in the PKU group a steady decrease of all selenium parameters tested during the whole pregnancy. During the long-term low-dose selenium supplementation in PKU children the glutathione peroxidase activity of plasma and erythrocytes increased. They reached a similar plateau after the application of inorganic or organic selenium compounds. In contrast the selenium values of plasma and whole blood showed only a plateau after the application of sodium selenite. The supplementation with low doses of selenium in the form of selenomethionine increased the plasma and whole blood selenium values constantly within the first 9 months. Therefore selenomethionine supplementation cannot be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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