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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 27 (1984), S. 212-218 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Protein denaturation ; insulin stability ; automatic delivery devices ; insulin therapy ; polypropylene glycol/polyethylene glycol block polymers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Studies with insulin delivery devices have shown that denaturation of dissolved proteins at hydrophobic interfaces is a basic obstacle to long-term insulin stability in pumps. This study shows that polypropylene glycol/polyethylene glycol block polymers prevent both the adsorption of dissolved proteins to hydrophobic interfaces and the resultant aggregation. At a concentration of 0.001% (w/v), the block polymer Genapol PF-10 stabilises insulin solutions over a wide range of concentrations. Insulin solutions thus stabilised are at present being clinically tested. The effectiveness of molecular variants of Genapol PF-10 to stabilise other proteins (human γ-globulin, myoglobin and serum albumin) is presented also.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Diabetic retinopathy ; rat model ; aminoguanidine ; glycation ; retinal basement membrane.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have previously shown that long-term administration of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of advanced glycosylation product formation, reduces the extent of experimental diabetic retinopathy in the rat by 85 %. In order to determine whether the residual retinopathy that developed despite aminoguanidine was attributable to advanced glycation endproduct formation, a time-course study was performed in three different groups of male Wistar rats: non-diabetic controls (NC), streptozotocin-diabetic controls (DC) and streptozotocin-diabetic rats treated with aminoguanidine HCL, 50 mg/100 ml drinking water (D-AG). Eyes were obtained at 24, 32, 44 and 56 weeks of diabetes/treatment duration and morphologic evaluation was done on retinal digest preparations. At 56 weeks, retinal basement membrane thickness was additionally measured. After 24 weeks of diabetes, the number of acellular capillaries was significantly elevated in DC (44.6 ± 5.7/mm2 of retinal area, NC 19.6 ± 4.9; p 〈 0.001) and increased continuously over time (DC 56 weeks 87.4 ± 15.1; p 〈 0.001 vs DC 24 weeks). In contrast, acellular capillaries in D-AG increased over the first 24 weeks and then remained constant for the rest of the study (D-AG 24 weeks 35.7 ± 5.18; p 〈 0.01 vs NC 24 weeks and NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 42.0 ± 6.20; p NS vs D-AG 24 weeks). Diabetes-associated pericyte loss (DC 24 weeks 2310 ± 170/mm2 of capillary area; NC 24 weeks 3120 ± 190; p 〈 0.001; DC 56 weeks 1570 ± 230; NC 56 weeks 2960 ± 50; p 〈 0.001) was significantly prevented by aminoguanidine after diabetic-like changes over the initial 24 weeks (D-AG 24 weeks 2450 ± 75; p NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 2350 ± 90; p 〈 0.001 vs DC 56 weeks). At 56 weeks, aminoguanidine treatment was associated with a 67.4 % reduction in retinal basement membrane thickening. This time-course study demonstrates that aminoguanidine prevents the progression of experimental diabetic retinopathy, and suggests that non AG-inhibitable mechanisms are involved in the initial phase of diabetic retinopathy. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 269–273]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy ; rat model ; aminoguanidine ; glycation ; retinal basement membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have previously shown that long-term administration of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of advanced glycosylation product formation, reduces the extent of experimental diabetic retinopathy in the rat by 85%. In order to determine whether the residual retinopathy that developed despite aminoguanidine was attributable to advanced glycation endproduct formation, a time-course study was performed in three different groups of male Wistar rats: non-diabetic controls (NC), streptozotocin-diabetic controls (DC) and streptozotocin-diabetic rats treated with aminoguanidine HCL, 50 mg/100 ml drinking water (D-AG). Eyes were obtained at 24, 32, 44 and 56 weeks of diabetes/treatment duration and morphologic evaluation was done on retinal digest preparations. At 56 weeks, retinal basement membrane thickness was additionally measured. After 24 weeks of diabetes, the number of acellular capillaries was significantly elevated in DC (44.6±5.7/mm2 of retinal area, NC 19.6±4.9; p〈0.001) and increased continuously over time (DC 56 weeks 87.4±15.1; p〈0.001 vs DC 24 weeks). In contrast, acellular capillaries in D-AG increased over the first 24 weeks and then remained constant for the rest of the study (D-AG 24 weeks 35.7±5.18; p〈0.01 vs NC 24 weeks and NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 42.0±6.20; p NS vs D-AG 24 weeks). Diabetes-associated pericyte loss (DC 24 weeks 2310±170/mm2 of capillary area; NC 24 weeks 3120±190; p〈0.001; DC 56 weeks 1570±230; NC 56 weeks 2960±50; p〈0.001) was significantly prevented by aminoguanidine after diabetic-like changes over the initial 24 weeks (D-AG 24 weeks 2450±75; p NS vs DC 24 weeks; D-AG 56 weeks 2350±90; p〈0.001 vs DC 56 weeks). At 56 weeks, aminoguanidine treatment was associated with a 67.4% reduction in retinal basement membrane thickening. This time-course study demonstrates that aminoguanidine prevents the progression of experimental diabetic retinopathy, and suggests that non AG-inhibitable mechanisms are involved in the initial phase of diabetic retinopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 101 (1967), S. 1-5 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Coma hepaticum ; Peritonealdialyse ; Kindesalter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Discription of a case of liver coma in a 5 year old patient who was suffering from transfusion hepatitis. She was treated by peritoneal dialysis over a period af 6 days under continous control of body water, serum electrolytes and of the acid base balance. During this treatment the patient improved dramatically. Two months later the child was clinically without pathological findings. The liverfunction tests had returned to normal values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Corticosteroide ; 11-β-Hydroxycorticosteroide ; Adrenal cortex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach einleitender Diskussion der Methoden zur fluorometrischen Bestimmung der 11-β-Hydroxycorticosteroide im Plasma oder Serum wird eine Mikromethode in Anlehnung an de Moor beschrieben. Von den bisherigen Methoden erfordert sie den geringsten Zeit- und Arbeitsaufwand. Die Zuverlässigkeitskriterien von Mikro- und entsprechender Makromethode sind identisch. Das pro Einzelbestimmung erforderliche Serumvolumen beträgt 0,1–0,3 ml. Abschließend wird die Verwendung der Methode in der pädiatrisch-endokrinologischen Diagnostik diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Following a discussion of the known methods for the determination of 11-β-hydroxycorticosteroids in plasma or serum by fluorimetry a micro-method is described. The advantages of this technique lie in its requirement for minimal amounts of time and laboratory procedures. The criteria for reliability and specificity of this micro-method are identical with those of the macro-methods. Not more than 0.1–0.3 ml of plasma are required for a single determination. The application of this method in the field of pediatic endocrinology is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 108 (1970), S. 297-304 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Human Growth Hormone i. S. ; 11-β-Hydroxycorticosteroids i. S.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wie in einer vorausgegangenen Publikation mitgeteilt wurde, hat exogene Wärmezufuhr einen Anstieg des Serum-STH zur Folge. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde nun das Verhalten dieses STH-Sekretionsreizes unter gleichzeitiger Glucosezufuhr untersucht. Aus dem Vergleich der Daten kann eine Teilsuppression abgeleitet werden. In weiteren Untersuchungen zeigte sich ferner, daß bei stärkerer Hitzeexposition (einstündiger Saunaaufenthalt) neben dem Serum-STH auch die 11-β-Hydroxycorticosteroide im Serum ansteigen. Auf Grund dieser Daten wird die STH-Reaktion als empfindlicherer Streßindicator diskutiert. Durch gleichzeitige Cortisolinfusionen scheint die wärmeinduzierte STH-Ausschüttung nicht beeinflußbar zu sein.
    Notes: Abstract As reported in an earlier paper exposure to heat causes a rise of HGH in the serum. In the experiments reported here, the effect of exposure to heat and concomitant glucose infusions on the secretion of HGH was examined. Compared with the previous findings these results show a partial suppression of HGH levels. In another series it was found, that as a result of more intensive heat application (i.e. sauna for 1 hour) the HGH as well as 11-beta-Hydroxycorticosteroids are increased. Based on these findings the stimulation of HGH is discussed as a rather sensitive stress indicator. Simultaneous infusions of cortisol do not influence the secretion of heat inducible HGH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 106 (1969), S. 308-313 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Wachstumshormon beim Menschen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über das Verhalten des Wachstumshormons im Serum bei vier Normalpersonen unter Ruhebedingungen und während eines heißen Bades berichtet. Dabei zeigt sich bei allen Versuchspersonen ein signifikanter Wachstumshormonanstieg auf 14,2–36,0 mμg/ml. Als weitere Stoffwechselparameter wurden simultan dazu mitbestimmt die freien Fettsäuren i. S., Cortisol i. S., Blutzucker, Pulsfrequenz und Körpertemperatur. Im Gegensatz zum Wachstumshormon bleiben die Cortisolwerte während des heißen Bades unverändert. Die freien Fettsäuren zeigen insgesamt nur einen geringfügigen Anstieg, der Blutzucker fällt gering ab, Pulsfrequenz und Körpertemperaturen verhalten sich etwa analog zu den Serum-STH-Werten. Die durch Pyrogene, körperliche Arbeit und exogene Wärmezufuhr induzierte STH-Sekretion wird diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 45 (1971), S. 767-773 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 179 (1981), S. 103-111 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Continuous blood sampling ; Double lumen catheter ; Artificial pancreas ; Kontinuierliche Blutentnahme ; doppellumiger Katheter ; künstliches Pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die vorgestellte Technik ermöglicht die kontinuierliche Blutglucosebestimmung und Insulin- bzw. Glucoseinfusion beim wachen, frei beweglichen Hund über mehrere Tage. Das Tier befindet sich in einer Box für Hunde. Es trägt ein Jackett, auf dessen Rücken eine Platte fixiert ist. An ihr inseriert ein biß- und verwindungsfester Schlauch, der durch die Boxendachmitte mit einem auf einem Gegenzugsystem montierten Rotationsadapter für drei Katheter fest verbunden ist. Die drei Katheter verlaufen geschützt durch das Lumen des Schlauches abwärts zum Tier. Dort sind zwei Katheter mit einem doppellumigen, flexiblen, in der Jugular-Vene liegenden Kathetersystem verbunden. Über den einen Strang wird Heparin-Lösung zur Spitze des doppellumigen Katheters gefördert und von dort zusammen mit angesogenem Blut über den zweiten Strang zum Glucoseanalysator transportiert. Über den dritten Katheter wird Insulin bzw. Glucose in die andere Jugular-Vene infundiert. Der Fluß des extracorporal heparinisierten Blutes ist regelmäßig. Katheterverstopfungen werden nicht beobachtet. Während 24 h werden dem Tier maximal 70ml Blut entnommen. Das einfach herstellbare, flexible, doppellumige Kathetersystem zur Entnahme von extracorporal heparinisiertem Blut könnte bei entsprechender Weiterentwicklung auch beim Menschen anstelle des üblichen starren Kunststoff-Kanülen-Systems benutzt werden.
    Notes: Summary With the system recently developed, continuous glucose determinations and programmed infusions are also possible in the freely mobile dog. The animal is kept in a dogbox and wears a dogjacket to which a plastic plate is fitted. A bite- and twist-proof flexible hollow pipeline is connected rigidly to this plate. The pipeline goes through a hole in the centre of the roof of the dogbox to a newly developed rotary adaptor system for three catheters. The rotary adaptor is fitted to a vertical sliding bar system with countermovement. The three catheters run along the inside of the hollow pipeline down to the animal's back where two of them connect to a double-lumen catheter (DLC) inserted in the jugular vein. Through one tube, heparin solution is transported to the tip of the DLC. There it is sucked back together with blood through the second tube and transported to the glucose analyser. Through the third catheter, insulin or glucose is infused into the other jugular vein. The flow of the extracorporeally heparinized blood is regular. Occlusion of the DLC does not occur. During a 24-h study period, 70 ml of blood are taken from the animal. The DLC is simple to manufacture and, if suitably developed, might also be used in humans instead of the usual rigid double-lumen plastic cannular system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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