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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method for analyzing the dynamics of domain formation during the thermomagnetic recording process has been developed based on the extraordinary Hall effect. A magnetic domain is written at the center of a cross-shaped magneto-optical sample having an area of 5×5 μm2, and the Hall voltage is monitored during the recording process. As far as domain nucleation is concerned, we find that the temperature gradient around the transition region (i.e., the region whose temperature is between the critical temperature for magnetization reversal and the Curie point) is very important. Under the conditions of high power and short pulse-width laser, a domain can form only during the cooling period. However, it is possible for a domain to form during the heating cycle under a low power, long pulse laser beam. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 2012-2014 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Planar channel waveguides of rare-earth doped fluoride glass are demonstrated with single mode excitation and propagation losses below 3 dB/cm. The waveguide core was fabricated by Ag+–Na+ molten salt ion exchange process in a borosilicate glass (BGG31), and a Nd3+-doped ZBLAN glass was used as a cladding. A 0.45 dB signal amplification at 1.064 μm was observed in the fabricated 1 cm long waveguide, and a 0.9 dB amplification is expected at the emission peak (1.049 μm). Modeling results show 2.5 dB/cm potential gain with the improvement in surface flatness of ZBLAN glass. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report the successful treatment of a patient with plaque-stage mycosis fungoides with long-term and intravenous administration of recombinant human interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and discuss the possible mechanisms of this therapy.A 55-year-old female patient had been resistant to existing treatments and had suffered repeated exacerbations over a 5-year period. Four weeks after initiation of 2 × 106U/day of IFN-γ. a 〉 10% decrease in the affected surface area was noted. Twenty-two weeks after the administration of 228 × 106U of IFN-γ, complete remission (CR) was obtained. The CR continued for 13 weeks, but this was followed by an exacerbation. The second CR was obtained after the IFN-γ dosage was increased to 16 × 106U/week. The dosage was then gradually reduced by 2–4 × 106U every 2 or 3 months. She was treated with a total dose of 2814 × 106 of IFN-γ. She has been followed up for more than 6 years, and there has been no recurrence of mycotic skin lesions nor any visceral involvement. During therapy, no serious side-effects were noted.Long-term administration of IFN-γ is useful for the treatment of patients with intractable mycosis fungoides. A gradual decrease in the dose of IFN-γ is important for maintaining remission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Superparamagnetic iron oxide—MR imaging, contrast agent—Liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Purpose: To analyze the influence of liver dysfunction and parenchymal pathology on the accumulation of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO). Methods: We evaluated MR images of 13 patients having small hepatic neoplasms before and after administration of SPIO (10 μmol/kg). Biopsy and laboratory data confirmed the presence of severe cirrhosis in two patients, mild cirrhosis in four, chronic hepatitis in five, and normal livers in two. Degrees of liver dysfunction or liver parenchymal pathology were correlated with reductions in signal intensity of the liver and spleen after administration of SPIO. Signal intensity reduction was evaluated using a 1.5 Tesla MR unit. Results: Response to SPIO of the liver and spleen did not correlate with liver parenchymal pathology, although reductions in signal intensity of the liver were somewhat small in severely cirrhotic livers. There were slight correlations between signal intensity alterations of the liver and laboratory data such as the indocyanine green retention rate (correlation coefficient 0.47), albumin (0.36), total bilirubin (0.36), and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) (0.46). Signal intensity reduction of spleen did not correlate with liver function tests except for serum GOT. In patients with cirrhosis, heterogeneous structures were detected in the nontumorous portions of the liver. However, these did not prevent the diagnosis of small hepatomas. Conclusion: The uptake of SPIO showed some correlation with liver function but not with chronic liver parenchymal pathology. SPIO provided sufficient contrast between tumor and surrounding liver parenchyma among patients with chronic liver disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Antiestrogen — Biochemical markers — Bone mineral density — Osteocalcin — Pyridinoline.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of tamoxifen (TAM) treatment on bone metabolism and skeletal growth were studied in sexually mature intact or ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Experiment 1 was designed to observe the effects of TAM on bone metabolism and skeletal growth in intact rats and included two groups: (1) intact plus vehicle and (2) intact plus TAM. Experiment 2 was designed to investigate the effects of TAM on OVX rats and included the other two groups: (3) OVX plus vehicle and (4) OVX plus TAM. Serum calcium osteocalcin and urinary pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) were measured serially before and after TAM treatment for 6 weeks in order to monitor bone turnover. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of excised right femora and lumbar vertebrae were determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). To examine the effect of TAM on skeletal growth, the conventional parameters of femora and the histology of right tibiae were also measured. TAM did not induce significant change in the biochemical markers in intact rats during the 6-week experiment. Bone mass and skeletal growth were not changed by TAM treatment in intact rats. However, TAM treatment reduced the increase in serum osteocalcin and urinary pyridinium cross-links from 1 week to 6 weeks postovariectomy in the OVX rats. TAM inhibited the skeletal growth in OVX rats, because TAM treatment shortened femoral length and decreased the cell number in the growth plate in OVX rats in this study. Our findings indicate that TAM exerts an effect of estrogen agonist on bone metabolism and skeletal growth in OVX rats, however, it does not affect them in intact rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 28 (1971), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurological and electrophysiological examination of 15 workers handling acrylamide in a factory revealed abnormal signs of peripheral nerve functions in all cases. Neurological abnormalities were: absent deep reflexes, decreased superficial sense and suppressed vibration sense. Action potentials in median nerve and tibial nerve were greatly reduced while conduction velocity was not greatly affected. Long-experienced workers had various complaints with ataxic gait and showed abnormal EEG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 3 (1971), S. 1-3 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auteurs présentent une nouvelle technique d'exploration veinographique du sinus caverneux, par cathétérisme fémoral. L'examen est relativement bien toléré et la dose d'exposition aux radiations pour le médecin peut être réduite. Il n'y eut aucune complication au cours des 20 premiers examens.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Bericht über eine erste Serie von 20 Untersuchungen mit transfemoraler Katheterisierung des Sinus cavernosus.
    Notes: Summary A new approach to cavernous sinus venography by a transfemoral catheter has been presented. The procedure can be tolerated with minimal discomfort and radiation exposure dose to the examiner may be reduced. There have been no complications in our initial experience of 20 examinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 2 (1971), S. 191-200 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'auteur étudie les anomalies artérielles et veineuses dans 30 angiographies vertébrales de neurinomes de l'acoustique vérifiées chirurgicalement. Les anomalies angiographiques décrites préalablement sont confirmées, en particulier le déplacement et la nonvisualisation de l'artère cérébelleuse antéro-inférieure et des veines pétreuses. On relève en particulier le déplacement concave de l'artère cérébelleuse supérieure et la dilatation de l'artère marginale (artère bordante) dans le cas de ces tumeurs. L'auteur décrit une veine anormale qui est dilatée et refoulée vers l'arrière, entourant la masse. La mise en évidence de cette veine anormale inominée est très importante pour poser le diagnostic de neurinome de l'acoustique. On sait que des neurinomes de l'acoustique de plus de 2 cm de diamètre peuvent être démontrés de façon précise par l'angiographie vertébrale. Celle-ci donne également des informations très précieuses aux neuro-chirurgiens.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Vertebralis-Angiogramme von 30 Patienten mit Acusticus-Neurinomen wurden ausgewertet. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird über die arteriellen und venösen Veränderungen im Detail berichtet. Besonders wird darauf hingewiesen, daß eine Verlagerung der A. cerebelli superior und der A. maginalis als wichtiges Zeichen für diese Tumoren anzusehen ist. Ferner findet sich eine abnormale Vene, die über dem Tumor liegt. Acusticus-Neurinome, die mehr als 2cm Durchmesser aufweisen, können mit der Vertebralis-Angiographie exakt bestimmt werden.
    Notes: Summary Vertebral angiograms in 30 surgically proven acoustic neurinomas are reviewed and arterial and venous abnormalities are analyzed in detail. Previously described angiographic abnormalities are confirmed including displacement and non-visualization of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery and the petrosal veins. In addition arched displacement of the superior cerebellar artery and the marginal artery is emphasized as an important finding in these tumours. Description is given of an abnormal vein which is enlarged and displaced posteriorly in an arcuate fashion over the mass. This unnamed abnormal vein offers one of the most important findings in the diagnosis of acoustic neurinomas. It is concluded that acoustic neurinomas of more than 2.0 cm in diameter can be diagnosed accurately by vertebral angiography and important additional information for surgical removal can be obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Child's brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Myelination ; Brain development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to study the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity of the perirolandic gyri perinatally and to correlate it with the histological findings in formalin-fixed brains, focusing on myelination. MRI of 20 neurologically normal neonates and infants, of 37–64 weeks postconception (PCA), were studied retrospectively. We reviewed four formalin-fixed brains of infants 37–46 weeks PCA microscopically. The posterior cortex of the precentral gyrus (P-PRE) and the anterior cortex of the postcentral gyrus (A-PST) had different signal intensity from the adjacent surrounding cortex. On T 1-weighted images P-PRE and A-PST gave higher signal 41–44 weeks PCA; on T 2-weighted images, they gave lower signal 37–51 weeks PCA. Histological examination revealed very little myelination of the nerve fibres within both the P-PRE and the A-PST, while considerable myelination was present in the internal capsule and central corona radiata. The changes in signal intensity in the perirolandic gyri may reflect not only the degree of myelination but also the more advanced development of the nerve cells, associated with rapid proliferation and formation of oligodendroglial cells, synapses and dendrites. They could be another important landmark for brain maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Child's brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Myelination ; Brain development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to study the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity of the perirolandic gyri perinatally and to correlate it with the histological findings in formalinfixed brains, focusing on myelination. MRI of 20 neurologically normal neonates and infants, of 37–64 weeks postconception (PCA), were studied retrospectively. We reviewed four formalin-fixed brains of infants 37–46 weeks PCA microscopically. The posterior cortex of the precentral gyrus (P-PRE) and the anterior cortex of the postcentral gyrus (A-PST) had different signal intensity from the adjacent surrounding cortex. On T1-weighted images P-PRE and A-PST gave higher signal 41–44 weeks PCA; on T2-weighted images, they gave lower signal 37–51 weeks PCA. Histological examination revealed very little myelination of the nerve fibres within both the P-PRE and the A-PST, while considerable myelination was present in the internal capsule and central corona radiata. The changes in signal intensity in the perirolandic gyri may reflect not only the degree of myelination but also the more advanced development of the nerve cells, associated with rapid proliferation and formation of oligodendroglial cells, synapses and dendrites. They could be another important landmark for brain maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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