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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meta-analysis of association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene with diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene ; I/D polymorphism ; meta-analysis ; diabetic nephropathy ; diabetic retinopathy ; genetic susceptibility.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has repeatedly been shown to be associated with ischaemic heart disease, but the association of this genetic marker with diabetic microangiopathy is controversial. To assess the association of the genotypes with the development of diabetic nephropathy or retinopathy, we performed a meta-analysis of data from the literature, using Mantel-Haenszel method followed by the Breslow-Day test for assessing homogeneity among data. In a total of 4773 diabetic patients from 18 studies with (n = 2495) and without (n = 2278) renal complications, the D allele was significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy (p 〈 0.0001) in a dominant model (summary odds ratio 1.32, 95 % confidence interval: 1.15 to 1.51). There was no significant evidence against homogeneity of the odds ratios (χ 2 = 18.9, 20 df; p = 0.53). The association was significant both in non-insulin-dependent (p 〈 0.005) and in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (p 〈 0.05). Likewise, in a total of 2010 diabetic patients with (n = 1008) and without (n = 1002) retinopathy, there was no association of the I/D polymorphism with diabetic retinopathy. These data suggest that the ACE I/D polymorphism affects the risk for diabetic nephropathy, but not for diabetic retinopathy. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 47–53]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050865
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mutation in the glucagon receptor gene (Gly40Ser): heterogeneity in the association with diabetes mellitus (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 983-985 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Glucagon receptor gene ; susceptibility ; missense mutation ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A possible pathogenic mutation in the glucagon receptor gene causing a Gly to Ser change at codon 40 (Gly40Ser) was reported to be associated and linked with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), in France and Sardinia. Since the frequency of the mutation (Gly40Ser), about 5 % in the French population of familial NIDDM and 8 % in randomly chosen diabetic patients in Sardinia, was much higher than that of any of the previously reported mutations in candidate genes, it is important to clarify whether the contribution of this mutation to NIDDM is universal. In this study, we investigated the association of this mutation with diabetes mellitus in a large number of Japanese diabetic patients (383 NIDDM and 53 insulin-dependent diabetic patients) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. None of the Japanese diabetic patients showed Gly40Ser mutation and the association of this mutation with NIDDM was significantly different (p 〈 4 · 10−5 vs French, p 〈 3 · 10−6 vs Sardinian by Fisher's exact test). The results not only indicate that the mutation plays little, if any, role in susceptibility to diabetes in Japan, but also indicate the genetic heterogeneity in NIDDM and further emphasize the importance of studies on genetic susceptibility to NIDDM and other complex traits in different ethnic groups. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 983–985]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400589
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of Trp64Arg mutation of the b3-adrenergic-receptor with NIDDM and body weight gain (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 349-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywordsβ 3-adrenergic-receptor gene ; susceptibility ; missense mutation ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; insulin resistance syndrome.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A possible pathogenic mutation in the β 3-adrenergic-receptor gene (Trp64Arg) has been reported to be associated with an earlier age of on-set of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and clinical features of the insulin resistance syndrome in Pima Indian, Finnish and French subjects. Since marked heterogeneity has been reported in the association of mutations of candidate genes with NIDDM between Japanese and other ethnic groups, we investigated the association of Trp64Arg with NIDDM in Japanese subjects. The allele frequency of the mutation (Arg) was slightly, but not significantly, higher in NIDDM than in control subjects (70 out of 342 alleles [20.5 %] vs 40 out of 248 [16.1 %], respectively, p 〉 0.2). When our data were combined with those of Pima Indian and Finnish subjects, however, the Arg/Arg genotype was significantly associated with NIDDM as compared with the other two genotypes (p 〈 0.005, relative risk [RR] 2.13, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.28–3.55). The Arg allele was also associated with NIDDM (p 〈 0.05, RR 1.27, 95 % CI 1.06–1.52). Japanese subjects homozygous for the mutation had a significantly higher body mass index (mean ± SD: 25.5 ± 3.9 kg/m2) than heterozygotes (22.6 ± 4.1, p 〈 0.05) and normal homozygotes (22.8 ± 3.8, p 〈 0.05). NIDDM patients homozygous for the mutation tended to have an earlier age of onset of NIDDM than those with other genotypes. These data suggest that the Trp64Arg mutation not only contributes to weight gain and age-at-onset of NIDDM but is also associated with susceptibility to NIDDM. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 349–352]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418352
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cystic acoustic neurinomas: Studies of 14 cases (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 695-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Acoustic neurinoma ; computerized tomography ; cystic tumour ; magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cystic acoustic neurinomas (ANs) are less frequent and are different from solid ANs in clinical and radiological features. We had 14 cystic ANs (13.5% of 104 cases) in the last 17 years. Computerized tomographic or magnetic resonance images allowed for the classification of these cystic ANs into three types: Type A being large single cysts with a thin tumourous wall (7 cases); type B single cysts with a thick tumourous wall (3 cases); type C multicystic (4 cases). Half of the cystic ANs were not accompanied by enlargement of the internal auditory canal, despite the largeness of the cysts. The mean size of the tumours was 29 mm in diameter. Type A cysts had a shorter clinical history than types B and C. One patient had intact hearing. In five cases, an atypical initial symptom such as facial pain, dysgeusia, facial palsy, unsteadiness or vertigo presented. The trigeminal nerve was involved in 12 cases, the facial nerve in nine. The characteristic features of cystic ANs are largeness of the tumour, a short clinical history, an atypical initial symptom, facial nerve involvement, and/or no enlargement of the internal auditory canal. In addition, the histological features are a lobular growth pattern, high nuclear atypia, and numerous macro phages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411474
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of traces of uranium and thorium in (Ba, Sr) TiO3 ferroelectrics by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 647-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Traces of uranium and thorium in barium(II), strontium(II) titanate ((Ba, Sr)TiO3) ferroelectric materials were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Samples were completely dissolved by a mixture of 1.4% H2O2 and 1.0 mol⋅l-1 HNO3. For a complete separation of the analytes from the matrix elements, a two step separation technique involving leaching and anion-exchange was applied. By the leaching step with HNO3 more than 90% of the matrix can be removed whereas the analytes completely remained in the solution. The anion-exchange step was carried out on a BIO⋅RAD AG1-X8 column with a mixture of 1.0 mol⋅l-1 HF and 0.5 mol⋅l-1 HNO3 as eluent. The content of uranium and thorium was subsequently measured by ICP-MS. The detection limits (D.L.) obtained were 0.043 ng g-1 and 0.035 ng g-1 for U and Th, respectively. The reproducibility was satisfactory with a relative standard deviation of less than 3% (at the 1 ng g-1 level, n=5). The matrix concentrations in the final solution were reduced to the sub-μg ml-1 level which is in the range of the detection limits of USN-ICP-AES (ultrasonic nebulization-ICP-atomic emission spectroscopy). The method was successfully applied to the determination of uranium and thorium in three synthetic (Ba, Sr)TiO3 samples spiked with the analytes at levels of 1, 5 and 10 ng g-1 and three (Ba, Sr)TiO3 ferroelectric samples containing sub-ng g-1 levels of the analytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050228
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement by eicosanoids in cancer cachexia induced by LLC-IL6 transplantation (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 122 (1996), S. 711-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: IL-6 ; Cancer cachexia ; Eicosanoid ; Docosahexaenoic acid ; Eicosapentaenoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cachexia frequently occurs in the late stages of cancer, and is difficult to manage. We previously reported that interleukin-6 (IL-6) cDNA transfection into Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC-IL6) induced cachexia-like symptoms in C57BL/6 mice. This was thought to be a useful experimental model of cancer cachexia. We have examined the effects of two eicosanoids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in order to evaluate whether they could relieve cachexia. LLC-IL6-bearing animals were divided into three treatment groups receiving DHA, EPA or water as the control; 80-μl samples of these compounds (purity〉95%) were administered orally by catheter daily starting 7 days after tumor transplantation. Tumor growth curves were similar in the three groups. There were no differences in water or food intake in the three groups. However, body weight, a marker of cachexia, was significantly higher in treated mice than in the control group. Sixteen days after tumor transplantation, the mean body weight was 17.45 g (P〈0.05), 17.2 g and 16.41 g in the groups receiving DHA, EPA and water respectively. The eicosanoids did not affect serum levels of IL-6. Ubiquitination of muscle protein, a marker of proteolysis coupled to cachexia, was compared in LLC-IL6-and LLC-transplanted mice. The eicosanoids prevented the ubiquitination of approximately 180 kDa protein. These results suggest that eicosanoids may prevent the cachexia mediated by IL-6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01209117
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1a gene and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the Japanese population (1998)
    Springer
    Acta diabetologica 35 (1998), S. 150-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; MODY ; Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α ; Genetics ; Microsatellite polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recently, hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF-1α, which is encoded by the TCF1 gene) mutations were reported in a subset of patients with maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY3). We studied the contribution of TCF1 to genetic susceptibility to common non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2) in Japanese subjects by investigating allelic association with type 2 diabetes use of three markers. We also studied the frequency of the G191D mutation, the only mutation of TCF1 reported so far in late-onset type 2 diabetes. A total of 356 subjects were studied. There were no significant differences in allele frequency of the three markers between patients with type 2 diabetes and control subjects. A G191D mutation was not found in the subjects studied, giving a frequency of less than 0.4% in common type 2 diabetes. The lack of association of type 2 diabetes with three markers in and near TCF1 suggests that mutations in TCF1 derived from a limited number of founders are not a major cause of common type 2 diabetes even in the genetically homogeneous Japanese population. The data also indicate that the G191D mutation in TCF1 plays little, if any, role in susceptibility to common type 2 diabetes in the Japanese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005920050120
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of selectively radiolabeled hexasaccharides for the determination of enzymatic regioselectivity (1999)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 16 (1999), S. 767-772 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: Glycosyltransferase ; N-acetyllactosamine ; biosynthesis ; radiolabel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Poly-N-acetyllactosamines provide backbone structures for functional modifications such as sialyl Lewis X. To understand how the biosynthesis of poly-N-acetyllactosamines is regulated, two branched oligosaccharides of the structure Galβ1,4GlcNAcβ1, 6(Galβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,2)-Manα1,6Manβ-octyl 1 and 2 were synthesized in which one of the terminal galactose units was selectively radiolabeled. Hexasaccharides 1 and 2 were assembled from the chemically synthesized pentasaccharide precursors GlcNAcβ1,6(Galβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,2)-Manα1,6Manβ-octyl3 and Galβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,6(GlcNAcβ1, 2) - Manα1,6 Manβ-octyl 4 respectively, through treatment with UDP-1-[3H]-Gal and β1,4 galactosyltransferase. Compounds 1 and 2 were subsequently incubated with UDP-GlcNAc and the UDP-GlcNAc: Galβ1-4Glc(NAc)β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (i-GlcNAc transferase) resulting in a partial conversion to a mixture of heptasaccharides which were purified by HPLC. The branch selectivity of the addition of N-acetylglucosamine to compounds 1 and 2 was then characterized by endo-β-galactosidase digestion of the heptasaccharides, followed by isolation of the resultant pentasaccharides on C18 reverse-phase silica cartridges. Comparison of the amount of radiolabel to a control reaction lacking endo-β-galactosidase indicated the favored site of GlcNAc addition to be the lower β1,2-branch over the β1,6-branch by a 3:1 ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007167529125
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic moments of proton drip-line nuclei13O and9C (1996)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 97-98 (1996), S. 519-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The magnetic moments of the proton drip-line nuclei13O(I π = 3/2−,T 1/2 = 8.6 ms) and 9C(I π = 3/2−,T 1/2 = 126 ms) have been determined for the first time through the combined techniques of polarized radioactive nuclear beams andβ-NMR detection. The observed magnetic moments are ¦μ(13O)¦ = 1.3891 ±0.0003μ N and ¦μ(9C)¦ = 1.3914 ±0.0005μ N. Spin expectation values 〈σ〉 are deduced to be 0.76 and 1.44 for13O and9C, respectively. While the 〈σ〉 of13O is consistent with the systematics from isospinT= 1/2 mirror pairs, the 〈σ〉 of9C is unusually large, even far larger than the single particle value, 〈σ〉 = 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02150194
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Superfluid Transition and Vortex Dynamics in Submonolayer Superfluid 4He Films in Porous Glass Under Rotation (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 113 (1998), S. 417-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A combination of a rotating dilution refrigerator and high-Q torsional oscillator technique has been used to study dynamics of vortices in thin 4 He films adsorbed on the porous glass (d=1μm pore size). Under rotation an additional dissipation peak with the amplitude proportional to the angular velocity is seen at the middle of the superfluid transition, on the low temperature side of the stationary peak which is present even at Ω=0. We attribute this peak to the 3D Type vortices created in multiply connected 4 He film by the rotation. Peak shape of the rotation-induced dissipation could be interpreted as a freezing of the 3D vortices well below T c
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022539809497
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